Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2023-2024
DIPSECMA6035
Assignment 2
Submitted to Erdiston Teachers’ College in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the
Date: 20-12-2023
Introduction
Number theory is a key topic taught and learned in schools as part of the mathematics curriculum. Number theory is primarily
focused on the study of numbers and operations; both being imperative to developing an individual’s numeracy. Numeracy, which is
arguably more important for day-to-day living, allows individuals to interact with the modern world. A numerate person not only has
the ability to perform basic calculations, but they are also capable of clearly understanding charts and diagrams, performing advanced
problem solving and making effective decisions.
In this paper, a unit of work will be outlined which details how number theory may be taught in the second year at the Daryll
Jordan Secondary School. Included are an instructional plan and two accompanying lesson plans which outline concepts shown in the
instructional plan.
2
INSTRUCTIONAL PLAN
DURATION: 8 Weeks
RATIONALE:
Learning number theory can provide a solid foundation for further mathematical studies, offer practical
applications in various fields, enhance problem-solving skills, and satisfy intellectual curiosity. Concepts explored
in number theory play a pivotal role in developing a student’s numeracy skills and whether a student may be
interested in pursuing a career in mathematics or simply enjoy exploring mathematical concepts, number theory is
a valuable area of study.
COMMENTS:
3
Work on
determining
at least 12
multiples of
numbers
from 1 to
25
Students
will design
a chart for a
multiplicati
on table
/times
tables entry
for a
number of
their choice
4
ranging
from 13 to
25
Lowest Find the lowest Demonstratio Receive Chalkboard/ Each pair Students
Common common multiple n explanation whiteboard will be will be
Multiple of two whole Lecture of concept Chalk/Marker assessed on given a
(LCM) numbers Drill & Calculator/Times their brief
Practice Students tables participatio assignment
Group work will work in n in the for
pairs to assignment homework
determine to be done
LCM Students on their
will receive own
feedback
on their
level of
cooperation
in the pair
Divisibility Understand the Lecture The Chalkboard/ Peer Students
concept of Co-operative divisibility whiteboard feedback will be
learning rules for Chalk/Marker and tasked
divisibility
(Think-pair- 2,3,4,5,6,8, Calculator/Times participatio with
share) 9 and 10 tables n researchin
Discussion will be Projector g ways
(Rounds) shown and divisibility
students may be
will be useful
tasked to (whether
deduce on in or out of
their own or mathemati
with a cs)
partner
which rules
5
and
numbers
match
The
students
will be
chosen by
the teacher
to explain
their
reasoning
for a match
(the teacher
does not
confirm the
answers
until
everyone
has had an
opportunity
to speak)
The
students
receive the
answers
Prime List the prime Lecture Receive Chalkboard/ Worksh Asked to
numbers numbers less Guided explanation Whiteboard eet list the
discovery of prime Chalk/markers prime
than 50
and Worksheets numbers
composite less than
numbers 50
6
Work on Based on
handout notes
where they explain
systematical why 1 is
ly neither
determine composite
the prime nor prime
numbers
less than
100
Factors Write a whole Demonstratio Determine Chalkboard/ Assesse Students
number, less n the factors whiteboard d on will take
Drill & of whole Chalk/Marker classwo an
than 51, as a
Practice numbers Calculator/Times rk done example
product of done in
tables
prime factors Receive class and
demonstrati multiply
on of prime any
factor combinatio
method n of the
prime
Express factors
whole
numbers as
products of
prime
factors
-Determine if a Demonstratio Students Chalkboard/ Assesse Questions
number is a n will work whiteboard d on would be
Drill & with a Chalk/Marker classwo given for
factor of a
Practice group / Calculator/Times rk done homework
given whole partner to and
Cooperative tables
7
Students
will
eventually
have to
perform
these
exercises on
their own
Find the Demonstratio Receive an Chalkboard/ Assessed Research
Highest n explanation whiteboard on where the
Drill & of the HCF Chalk/Marker classwork HCF may
Common Factor
Practice Calculator/Times done be used
(HCF) of two Students outside of
tables
whole numbers will the
by the method determine classroom
of factors or the HCF of
prime factor pairs of Additional
numbers questions
method
they had
8
previously
found the
factors of
Students
will
determine
the HCF of
new pairs of
numbers
using their
preferred
method
LESSON PLANS
In this first lesson plan the teacher introduces the students to the topic of divisibility. Division is one of the fundamental concepts
learned in mathematics and as such has many applications throughout a person’s life. Divisibility as a concept assists in the
development of numeracy and mental mathematics. Occasionally, we may stumble upon large and unfamiliar numbers or may simply
need to do some quick calculations, an understanding of divisibility and some of the divisibility rules may prove to be a useful tool in
every individual’s arsenal.
DATE: ____________________
9
OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMES:
By the end of the lesson students will be able to:
1. Demonstrate an understanding of the concept of divisibility
2. Willingly share their thoughts on an unfamiliar concept
3. Speak aloud their thought process
Whiteboard/chalkboard
Marker/chalk
Calculator
10
SET INDUCTION:
Students will be asked if they were ever in a situation where they needed to share something but unsure of the best way to
share.
Students will be asked if they know any tricks for dividing quickly.
The teacher will write three division problems on the board
o 25÷ 5
o 240 ÷ 2
o 378940 ÷ 10
Students will be asked to work them out as fast as they can
Students will be told that by the end of the lesson they should have picked up at least one new trick.
Students will be introduced to the concept of divisibility.
LEARNING ACTIVITIES/EXPERIENCES:
The divisibility rules for 2,3,4,5,6,8,9 and 10 will be shown in a jumbled manner and students will be tasked to deduce on their
own or with a partner which rules and numbers match.
The students will be chosen by the teacher to explain their reasoning for a match (the teacher does not confirm the answers
until everyone has had an opportunity to speak).
The students receive the answers.
Students will copy a note on divisibility.
Students will be asked to match numbers with a number divisible by them
ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES:
CLOSURE:
EVALUATION:
In the second lesson plan the students will be guided into developing multiplication chats. Multiplication charts directly display
multiples of a particular number in an ordered manner. These charts should ideally be visible while attached to the classroom wall as
they are meant to aid the students in the near future when they are learning the Lowest Common Multiple (LCM) and Highest
Common Factor (HCF).
DATE: ____________________
OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMES
By the end of the lesson student will be able to:
Define in their own words the term ‘multiple’ as it is used in Mathematics.
Determine multiples of a whole number.
Write a list of at least five (5) multiples of a whole number.
Demonstrate efficient interpersonal skills by sharing art supplies.
RESOURCES/TECHNOLOGIES: chalkboard/whiteboard, chalk/marker, calculator/times tables, bristol board, markers, pencils, pens,
crayons, paint, rulers, other decorative materials and egg cartons/crates that hold differing numbers of eggs.
SET INDUCTION:
The teacher will hold up an egg crate, state the number of eggs it holds then ask students “How many eggs would I have if I
bought 5 of these?”
13
Students will then be tasked with listing the first twelve (12) multiple of that number in a similar manner to that seen on a
times table.
o Example: 12 times table: 12 x 1 = 12,
12 x 2 = 24,
12 x 3 = 36
Once students have completed this task, they will then begin to work on designing a chart where they display the times table
they had developed
ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES:
Class work: Students will be assessed on the accuracy of their times table/list of multiples.
Observation: The teacher will be observing students as they cooperate and share in the use of the art supplies provided.
CLOSURE:
The students will be told to stop what they are doing and tidy the room
FOLLOW-UP ACTIVITIES
Students will be tasked with deciding where each chart should be placed around the classroom.
EVALUATION:
14
Conclusion
As shown in the above material, number theory may be thought using many methods. These methods include projects, guided
discovery, group work and drill & practice. These diverse methods allow the teacher to facilitate differing learning styles, develop the
student’s general skills, such as their social skills, ability to do research and interpersonal skills, and enhance other traits which may be
useful for students in the modern era such as: self-confidence and self-reliance.
Bibliography
Bovervich, Z., & Shafarevich, I. (1966). Number Theory. Harcourt Bruce Jovanovich.
Steen, L. A. (1990). Literacy and Numeracy: Two Ways of Knowing. Daedalus, 211-231.
Peters, E., Västfjäll, D., Slovic, P., Mertz, C. K., Mazzocco, K., & Dickert, S. (2006). Numeracy and Decision Making. Psychological
Science, 17(5), 407-413. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01720.x