Activity 4

Philippine Agriculture

Activity: Make a Timeline Chart of Philippine Agriculture. Indicate the significant events
happened during each period.

The timeline for Philippine Agriculture history

1. Pre-colonial period

Before Spanish colonization, agriculture was the main livelihood. Indigenous groups
practiced swidden agriculture (kaingin), cultivating crops like rice, root crops, fruits, and
vegetables. They also engaged in fishing and barter trading.

2. Spanish colonial period (1521-1898)

Spaniards introduced crops such as maize, tobacco, and coffee. They implemented the
encomienda system, forcing indigenous people to work on farms and haciendas. This period
saw changes in land ownership, the introduction of crops, and forced labor practices that
significantly influenced Philippine agriculture.

3. American colonial period (1898-1946)

The Americans introduced modern agricultural practices, established agricultural

schools, and introduced new crops and techniques. They improved infrastructure like roads
and introduced scientific farming methods, leading to the development of cash crops such as
sugar, tobacco, and abaca.

4. Japanese occupation (1942-1945)

During World War II, the Japanese occupation disrupted agricultural activities, causing
a decline in production due to limited resources and forced labor.

5. Post-World War II period

After the war, the Philippine government received aid for agricultural development. This
era marked the Green Revolution, which introduced high-yielding crop varieties, chemical
fertilizers, and pesticides. It boosted agricultural productivity, especially in rice and corn
production.

6.Recent years

The Philippines has seen advancements in technology, sustainable farming practices,

and government initiatives to enhance agricultural productivity. There's a shift towards organic
farming, the promotion of agricultural diversification, and the introduction of programs
supporting small-scale farmers.