FREQUENCIES VARIABLES=Age Gender Qulification Area Professon

/ORDER=ANALYSIS.

Frequencies

Statistics

Highest
Age of Gender of Qualification of
Respondents Respondents Respondents
N Valid 113 113 113
Missing 0 0 0

Frequency Table

Age of Respondents

N %
Up to30 70 61.9%
31 to 40 28 24.8%
41 to 50 11 9.7%
Above 50 4 3.5%

Gender of Respondents

N %
Male 62 54.9%
Female 51 45.1%

Highest Qualification of Respondents

N %
Graduate 31 27.4%
Post Graduate 47 41.6%
Ph.D. 28 24.8%
Professional 7 6.2%

Area of Residence of Respondents

N %
Urban 79 69.9%
Rural 34 30.1%

Current Profession of Respondents

N %
Teacher/Professor 48 42.5%
Accountant/Auditor 13 11.5%
CA 12 10.6%
Other 40 35.4%

FREQUENCIES VARIABLES=USE_technology1 USE_technology2 USE_technology3 USE_technology4

/FORMAT=NOTABLE
/ORDER=ANALYSIS.

Frequencies

FREQUENCIES VARIABLES=USE_technology1 USE_technology2 USE_technology3 USE_technology4

/ORDER=ANALYSIS.

Frequencies

Frequency Table

In my opine newer Technology will take Place in accounting.

N %
Strongly Disagree 12 10.6%
Disagree 7 6.2%
Neutral 20 17.7%
Agree 27 23.9%
Strongly Agree 47 41.6%

I believe that automation in accounting streams will enhance

N %
Strongly Disagree 5 4.4%
Disagree 11 9.7%
Neutral 17 15.0%
Agree 40 35.4%
Strongly Agree 40 35.4%

I can see that use of AI(Artificial Intelligence) will be there in accouting

N %
Strongly Disagree 5 4.4%
Disagree 14 12.4%
Neutral 24 21.2%
Agree 29 25.7%
Strongly Agree 41 36.3%

There Will be many more opportunities for the companies in technology in accounting area

N %
Strongly Disagree 7 6.2%
Disagree 9 8.0%
Neutral 20 17.7%
Agree 23 20.4%
Strongly Agree 54 47.8%

OUTPUT MODIFY
/SELECT TABLES
/IF COMMANDS=["Frequencies(LAST)"] SUBTYPES="Frequencies"
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[VALIDPERCENT CUMULATIVEPERCENT] APPLYTO=COLUMN HIDE=YES
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[TOTAL] SELECTCONDITION=PARENT(VALID MISSING) APPLYTO=ROW HIDE=YES
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[VALID] APPLYTO=ROWHEADER UNGROUP=YES
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[PERCENT] SELECTDIMENSION=COLUMNS FORMAT="PCT" APPLYTO=COLUMN
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[COUNT] APPLYTO=COLUMNHEADER REPLACE="N"
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[PERCENT] APPLYTO=COLUMNHEADER REPLACE="%".
FREQUENCIES VARIABLES=Data_analytics1 Data_analytics2 Data_analytics3 Data_analytics4
/ORDER=ANALYSIS.

Frequencies

Statistics

I believe that data I believe that use More and more

analytics will be of human intellect auto tools will be
Used a in will get reduced used for
accounting for in the field of forecasting of
decision making accounting accounting data
N Valid 113 113 113
Missing 0 0 0

Frequency Table

I believe that data analytics will be Used a in accounting for decision making

N %
Strongly Disagree 5 4.4%
Disagree 12 10.6%
Neutral 15 13.3%
Agree 26 23.0%
Strongly Agree 55 48.7%

I believe that use of human intellect will get reduced in the field of accounting

N %
Strongly Disagree 14 12.4%
Disagree 21 18.6%
Neutral 30 26.5%
Agree 18 15.9%
Strongly Agree 30 26.5%

More and more auto tools will be used for forecasting of accounting data

N %
Strongly Disagree 4 3.5%
Disagree 10 8.8%
Neutral 24 21.2%
Agree 30 26.5%
Strongly Agree 45 39.8%

Accounting writings and its interpretation will be done by technology

N %
Strongly Disagree 7 6.2%
Disagree 16 14.2%
Neutral 22 19.5%
Agree 35 31.0%
Strongly Agree 33 29.2%
OUTPUT MODIFY
/SELECT TABLES
/IF COMMANDS=["Frequencies(LAST)"] SUBTYPES="Frequencies"
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[VALIDPERCENT CUMULATIVEPERCENT] APPLYTO=COLUMN HIDE=YES
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[TOTAL] SELECTCONDITION=PARENT(VALID MISSING) APPLYTO=ROW HIDE=YES
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[VALID] APPLYTO=ROWHEADER UNGROUP=YES
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[PERCENT] SELECTDIMENSION=COLUMNS FORMAT="PCT" APPLYTO=COLUMN
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[COUNT] APPLYTO=COLUMNHEADER REPLACE="N"
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[PERCENT] APPLYTO=COLUMNHEADER REPLACE="%".
FREQUENCIES VARIABLES=workplace1 workplace2 workplace3 workplace4 workplace5
/ORDER=ANALYSIS.

Frequencies

Statistics

I believe that
With the adoption employees can
of technology in work remotely
accounting due to Employees will
workplace advancement in welcome future
wellness will accounting technology in
increase technology. accounting
N Valid 113 113 113
Missing 0 0 0

Frequency Table

With the adoption of technology in accounting workplace wellness will increase

N %
Strongly Disagree 4 3.5%
Disagree 7 6.2%
Neutral 29 25.7%
Agree 34 30.1%
Strongly Agree 39 34.5%
 I believe that employees can work remotely due to advancement in accounting technology.

N %
Strongly Disagree 7 6.2%
Disagree 7 6.2%
Neutral 25 22.1%
Agree 24 21.2%
Strongly Agree 50 44.2%

Employees will welcome future technology in accounting

N %
Strongly Disagree 3 2.7%
Disagree 12 10.6%
Neutral 21 18.6%
Agree 42 37.2%
Strongly Agree 35 31.0%

Auditors work will become easier with the help of technology in future

N %
Strongly Disagree 5 4.4%
Disagree 6 5.3%
Neutral 18 15.9%
Agree 33 29.2%
Strongly Agree 51 45.1%
Detection of fraud in accounting practices will become easier with the help of latest technology

N %
Strongly Disagree 7 6.2%
Disagree 5 4.4%
Neutral 21 18.6%
Agree 32 28.3%
Strongly Agree 48 42.5%

OUTPUT MODIFY
/SELECT TABLES
/IF COMMANDS=["Frequencies(LAST)"] SUBTYPES="Frequencies"
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[VALIDPERCENT CUMULATIVEPERCENT] APPLYTO=COLUMN HIDE=YES
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[TOTAL] SELECTCONDITION=PARENT(VALID MISSING) APPLYTO=ROW HIDE=YES
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[VALID] APPLYTO=ROWHEADER UNGROUP=YES
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[PERCENT] SELECTDIMENSION=COLUMNS FORMAT="PCT" APPLYTO=COLUMN
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[COUNT] APPLYTO=COLUMNHEADER REPLACE="N"
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[PERCENT] APPLYTO=COLUMNHEADER REPLACE="%".
FREQUENCIES VARIABLES=Probleme1 Probleme2 Probleme3 Probleme4 Probleme5 Probleme6
/ORDER=ANALYSIS.

Frequencies

Statistics

Statutory and Acts and I believe that

regulatory Standards of problem of data
compliance will accounting will security will arise
increase in the strengthen with in accounting
area of the use of practices with
accounting technology technology
N Valid 113 113 113
Missing 0 0 0

Frequency Table
 Statutory and regulatory compliance will increase in the area of accounting

N %
Strongly Disagree 5 4.4%
Disagree 8 7.1%
Neutral 22 19.5%
Agree 30 26.5%
Strongly Agree 48 42.5%

Acts and Standards of accounting will strengthen with the use of technology

N %
Strongly Disagree 6 5.3%
Disagree 9 8.0%
Neutral 20 17.7%
Agree 35 31.0%
Strongly Agree 43 38.1%

I believe that problem of data security will arise in accounting practices with technology

N %
Strongly Disagree 2 1.8%
Disagree 6 5.3%
Neutral 22 19.5%
Agree 43 38.1%
Strongly Agree 40 35.4%
 Problem of loss and manipulation of data will increase with the adoption of automation and
technology in accounting area

N %
Strongly Disagree 8 7.1%
Disagree 17 15.0%
Neutral 27 23.9%
Agree 32 28.3%
Strongly Agree 29 25.7%

There will be shortage of talent in the field of accounting due to automation and use of
technology

N %
Strongly Disagree 13 11.5%
Disagree 14 12.4%
Neutral 24 21.2%
Agree 30 26.5%
Strongly Agree 32 28.3%

Problem of unemployment will arise with the adoption of automation and technology in the
field of accounting

N %
Strongly Disagree 10 8.8%
Disagree 15 13.3%
Neutral 25 22.1%
Agree 25 22.1%
Strongly Agree 38 33.6%
OUTPUT MODIFY
/SELECT TABLES
/IF COMMANDS=["Frequencies(LAST)"] SUBTYPES="Frequencies"
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[VALIDPERCENT CUMULATIVEPERCENT] APPLYTO=COLUMN HIDE=YES
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[TOTAL] SELECTCONDITION=PARENT(VALID MISSING) APPLYTO=ROW HIDE=YES
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[VALID] APPLYTO=ROWHEADER UNGROUP=YES
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[PERCENT] SELECTDIMENSION=COLUMNS FORMAT="PCT" APPLYTO=COLUMN
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[COUNT] APPLYTO=COLUMNHEADER REPLACE="N"
/TABLECELLS SELECT=[PERCENT] APPLYTO=COLUMNHEADER REPLACE="%".
COMPUTE USETECH=(USE_technology1+USE_technology2+USE_technology3+USE_technology4)/4.
EXECUTE.
COMPUTE DATAANALYTICS=(Data_analytics1+Data_analytics2+Data_analytics3+Data_analytics4)/4.
EXECUTE.
COMPUTE WORKPLACE=(workplace1+workplace2+workplace3+workplace4+workplace5)/5.
EXECUTE.
COMPUTE PROBLEMS=(Probleme1+Probleme2+Probleme3+Probleme4+Probleme5+Probleme6)/6.
EXECUTE.
ONEWAY USETECH DATAANALYTICS WORKPLACE PROBLEMS BY Age
/STATISTICS DESCRIPTIVES
/MISSING ANALYSIS
/CRITERIA=CILEVEL(0.95).

Oneway

Descriptives

N Mean Std. Deviation

USETECH Up to30 70 3.7250 0.99469
31 to 40 28 4.0089 0.84295
41 to 50 11 4.2273 0.60678
Above 50 4 3.8750 1.03078
Total 113 3.8496 0.93395
DATAANALYTICS Up to30 70 3.6179 0.95811
31 to 40 28 3.8571 0.76203
41 to 50 11 3.7727 0.80199
Above 50 4 3.8125 0.85086
Total 113 3.6991 0.89090
WORKPLACE Up to30 70 3.9171 0.86309
31 to 40 28 3.9071 0.74929
41 to 50 11 4.0364 0.65616
Above 50 4 3.8500 0.98489
WORKPLACE

Total 113 3.9239 0.81254

PROBLEMS Up to30 70 3.6762 0.87130
31 to 40 28 3.8690 0.82696
41 to 50 11 3.7576 0.82112
Above 50 4 3.7500 0.87665
Total 113 3.7345 0.84856

ANOVA

Sum of Squares df Mean Square

USETECH Between Groups 3.369 3 1.123
Within Groups 94.323 109 0.865
Total 97.692 112
DATAANALYTICS Between Groups 1.272 3 0.424
Within Groups 87.622 109 0.804
Total 88.895 112
WORKPLACE Between Groups 0.172 3 0.057
Within Groups 73.773 109 0.677
Total 73.945 112
PROBLEMS Between Groups 0.752 3 0.251
Within Groups 79.895 109 0.733
Total 80.647 112

ONEWAY USETECH DATAANALYTICS WORKPLACE PROBLEMS BY Qulification

/STATISTICS DESCRIPTIVES
/MISSING ANALYSIS
/CRITERIA=CILEVEL(0.95).

Oneway

Descriptives

N Mean Std. Deviation

USETECH Graduate 31 3.5887 1.00737
Post Graduate 47 3.8457 0.93622
Ph.D. 28 4.0089 0.88056
Professional 7 4.3929 0.42956
Total 113 3.8496 0.93395
DATAANALYTICS Graduate 31 3.4194 0.83013
DATAANALYTICS
Post Graduate 47 3.7234 0.96717
Ph.D. 28 3.8393 0.79993
Professional 7 4.2143 0.71339
Total 113 3.6991 0.89090
WORKPLACE Graduate 31 3.8258 0.76375
Post Graduate 47 3.9447 0.83791
Ph.D. 28 3.8929 0.86149
Professional 7 4.3429 0.65027
Total 113 3.9239 0.81254
PROBLEMS Graduate 31 3.5914 0.77917
Post Graduate 47 3.7092 0.92239
Ph.D. 28 3.7798 0.81024
Professional 7 4.3571 0.59651
Total 113 3.7345 0.84856

ANOVA

Sum of Squares df Mean Square

USETECH Between Groups 4.887 3 1.629
Within Groups 92.805 109 0.851
Total 97.692 112
DATAANALYTICS Between Groups 4.862 3 1.621
Within Groups 84.033 109 0.771
Total 88.895 112
WORKPLACE Between Groups 1.574 3 0.525
Within Groups 72.371 109 0.664
Total 73.945 112
PROBLEMS Between Groups 3.436 3 1.145
Within Groups 77.210 109 0.708
Total 80.647 112

ONEWAY USETECH DATAANALYTICS WORKPLACE PROBLEMS BY Professon

/STATISTICS DESCRIPTIVES
/MISSING ANALYSIS
/CRITERIA=CILEVEL(0.95).

Oneway

Descriptives
 N Mean Std. Deviation
USETECH Teacher/Professor 48 4.0833 0.73718
Accountant/Auditor 13 3.2500 1.17704
CA 12 4.1042 0.78667
Other 40 3.6875 1.00758
Total 113 3.8496 0.93395
DATAANALYTICS Teacher/Professor 48 3.9271 0.80550
Accountant/Auditor 13 3.4423 1.07118
CA 12 3.9167 0.84835
Other 40 3.4438 0.87977
Total 113 3.6991 0.89090
WORKPLACE Teacher/Professor 48 4.0458 0.72316
Accountant/Auditor 13 3.9077 1.08510
CA 12 4.1500 0.67217
Other 40 3.7150 0.83499
Total 113 3.9239 0.81254
PROBLEMS Teacher/Professor 48 3.8889 0.83463
Accountant/Auditor 13 3.3333 1.10763
CA 12 4.1389 0.66604
Other 40 3.5583 0.74874
Total 113 3.7345 0.84856

ANOVA

Sum of Squares df Mean Square

USETECH Between Groups 9.125 3 3.042
Within Groups 88.568 109 0.813
Total 97.692 112
DATAANALYTICS Between Groups 6.528 3 2.176
Within Groups 82.367 109 0.756
Total 88.895 112
WORKPLACE Between Groups 3.076 3 1.025
Within Groups 70.869 109 0.650
Total 73.945 112
PROBLEMS Between Groups 6.440 3 2.147
Within Groups 74.206 109 0.681
PROBLEMS

Total 80.647 112

T-TEST GROUPS=Gender(1 2)
/MISSING=ANALYSIS
/VARIABLES=USETECH DATAANALYTICS WORKPLACE PROBLEMS
/ES DISPLAY(TRUE)
/CRITERIA=CI(.95).

T-Test

Group Statistics

Gender of Respondents N Mean Std. Deviation

USETECH Male 62 3.8226 0.91143
Female 51 3.8824 0.96870
DATAANALYTICS Male 62 3.7339 0.88228
Female 51 3.6569 0.90824
WORKPLACE Male 62 3.9258 0.77437
Female 51 3.9216 0.86448
PROBLEMS Male 62 3.7177 0.87549
Female 51 3.7549 0.82284

Independent Samples Test

Levene's Test for Equality of
Variances

F Sig. t
USETECH Equal variances assumed 0.102 0.750 -0.337

Equal variances not assumed -0.335

DATAANALYTICS Equal variances assumed 0.009 0.923 0.456

Equal variances not assumed 0.454

WORKPLACE Equal variances assumed 0.547 0.461 0.027

Equal variances not assumed 0.027

PROBLEMS Equal variances assumed 0.060 0.806 -0.231

PROBLEMS

Equal variances not assumed -0.232

Independent Samples Effect Sizes

95% Confidence Interval
Standardizer a
Point Estimate Lower
USETECH Cohen's d 0.93766 -0.064 -0.434
Hedges' correction 0.94406 -0.063 -0.431
Glass's delta 0.96870 -0.062 -0.432
DATAANALYTICS Cohen's d 0.89407 0.086 -0.285
Hedges' correction 0.90017 0.086 -0.283
Glass's delta 0.90824 0.085 -0.287
WORKPLACE Cohen's d 0.81619 0.005 -0.365
Hedges' correction 0.82176 0.005 -0.363
Glass's delta 0.86448 0.005 -0.366
PROBLEMS Cohen's d 0.85217 -0.044 -0.414
Hedges' correction 0.85798 -0.043 -0.411
Glass's delta 0.82284 -0.045 -0.416
a. The denominator used in estimating the effect sizes.
Cohen's d uses the pooled standard deviation.
Hedges' correction uses the pooled standard deviation, plus a correction factor.
Glass's delta uses the sample standard deviation of the control group.

T-TEST GROUPS=Area(1 2)
/MISSING=ANALYSIS
/VARIABLES=USETECH DATAANALYTICS WORKPLACE PROBLEMS
/ES DISPLAY(TRUE)
/CRITERIA=CI(.95).

T-Test

Group Statistics

Area of Residence of Respondents N Mean Std. Deviation

USETECH Urban 79 3.9620 0.85400
Rural 34 3.5882 1.06579
DATAANALYTICS Urban 79 3.7722 0.84655
Rural 34 3.5294 0.97849
WORKPLACE Urban 79 3.9620 0.76599
Rural 34 3.8353 0.91780
PROBLEMS Urban 79 3.7532 0.78167
Rural 34 3.6912 0.99843

Independent Samples Test

Levene's Test for Equality of
Variances

F Sig. t
USETECH Equal variances assumed 4.160 0.044 1.976

Equal variances not assumed 1.810

DATAANALYTICS Equal variances assumed 1.483 0.226 1.333

Equal variances not assumed 1.258

WORKPLACE Equal variances assumed 3.574 0.061 0.759

Equal variances not assumed 0.706

PROBLEMS Equal variances assumed 1.984 0.162 0.355

Equal variances not assumed 0.322

Independent Samples Effect Sizes

95% Confidence Interval
Standardizer a
Point Estimate Lower
USETECH Cohen's d 0.92206 0.405 -0.001
Hedges' correction 0.92835 0.403 -0.001
Glass's delta 1.06579 0.351 -0.063
DATAANALYTICS Cohen's d 0.88783 0.273 -0.131
Hedges' correction 0.89388 0.272 -0.130
Glass's delta 0.97849 0.248 -0.160
WORKPLACE Cohen's d 0.81409 0.156 -0.247
Hedges' correction 0.81964 0.155 -0.246
Glass's delta 0.91780 0.138 -0.266
PROBLEMS Cohen's d 0.85189 0.073 -0.330
Hedges' correction 0.85770 0.072 -0.327
Glass's delta 0.99843 0.062 -0.341
a. The denominator used in estimating the effect sizes.
Cohen's d uses the pooled standard deviation.
Hedges' correction uses the pooled standard deviation, plus a correction factor.
Glass's delta uses the sample standard deviation of the control group.
 Area of Current
Residence of Profession of
Respondents Respondents
113 113
0 0
E_technology4

E_technology4
TO=ROW HIDE=YES

ta_analytics4

Accounting
writings and its
interpretation will
be done by
technology
113
0
TO=ROW HIDE=YES

Detection of fraud
Auditors work will in accounting
become easier practices will
with the help of become easier
technology in with the help of
future latest technology
113 113
0 0
TO=ROW HIDE=YES

Problem of loss Problem of

and manipulation unemployment
of data will There will be will arise with the
increase with the shortage of talent adoption of
adoption of in the field of automation and
automation and accounting due to technology in the
technology in automation and field of
accounting area use of technology accounting
113 113 113
0 0 0
TO=ROW HIDE=YES

hnology4)/4.

ata_analytics4)/4.

escriptives

95% Confidence Interval for Mean

Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum
0.11889 3.4878 3.9622 1.00 5.00
0.15930 3.6821 4.3358 1.50 5.00
0.18295 3.8196 4.6349 3.25 5.00
0.51539 2.2348 5.5152 3.00 5.00
0.08786 3.6755 4.0236 1.00 5.00
0.11452 3.3894 3.8463 1.50 5.00
0.14401 3.5617 4.1526 2.25 5.00
0.24181 3.2339 4.3115 2.50 5.00
0.42543 2.4586 5.1664 3.00 5.00
0.08381 3.5331 3.8652 1.50 5.00
0.10316 3.7113 4.1229 1.80 5.00
0.14160 3.6166 4.1977 2.20 5.00
0.19784 3.5955 4.4772 2.80 5.00
0.49244 2.2828 5.4172 2.60 5.00
 0.07644 3.7724 4.0753 1.80 5.00
0.10414 3.4684 3.8839 1.17 5.00
0.15628 3.5484 4.1897 1.67 5.00
0.24758 3.2059 4.3092 2.50 5.00
0.43833 2.3551 5.1449 3.00 5.00
0.07983 3.5763 3.8927 1.17 5.00

F Sig.
1.298 0.279

0.528 0.664

0.085 0.968

0.342 0.795

escriptives

95% Confidence Interval for Mean

Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum
0.18093 3.2192 3.9582 1.00 5.00
0.13656 3.5709 4.1206 1.50 5.00
0.16641 3.6675 4.3504 1.50 5.00
0.16236 3.9956 4.7901 3.75 5.00
0.08786 3.6755 4.0236 1.00 5.00
0.14910 3.1149 3.7238 1.75 5.00
 0.14108 3.4394 4.0074 1.50 5.00
0.15117 3.5291 4.1495 2.25 5.00
0.26964 3.5545 4.8741 3.00 5.00
0.08381 3.5331 3.8652 1.50 5.00
0.13717 3.5457 4.1060 2.20 5.00
0.12222 3.6987 4.1907 2.20 5.00
0.16281 3.5588 4.2269 1.80 5.00
0.24578 3.7415 4.9443 3.60 5.00
0.07644 3.7724 4.0753 1.80 5.00
0.13994 3.3056 3.8772 1.83 5.00
0.13454 3.4384 3.9800 1.17 5.00
0.15312 3.4656 4.0939 1.67 5.00
0.22546 3.8055 4.9088 3.50 5.00
0.07983 3.5763 3.8927 1.17 5.00

F Sig.
1.913 0.132

2.102 0.104

0.790 0.502

1.617 0.190

escriptives
 95% Confidence Interval for Mean
Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum
0.10640 3.8693 4.2974 2.00 5.00
0.32645 2.5387 3.9613 1.00 5.00
0.22709 3.6043 4.6040 2.50 5.00
0.15931 3.3653 4.0097 1.50 5.00
0.08786 3.6755 4.0236 1.00 5.00
0.11626 3.6932 4.1610 2.25 5.00
0.29709 2.7950 4.0896 1.50 4.75
0.24490 3.3777 4.4557 2.75 5.00
0.13910 3.1624 3.7251 2.00 5.00
0.08381 3.5331 3.8652 1.50 5.00
0.10438 3.8358 4.2558 2.20 5.00
0.30095 3.2520 4.5634 2.20 5.00
0.19404 3.7229 4.5771 3.00 5.00
0.13202 3.4480 3.9820 1.80 5.00
0.07644 3.7724 4.0753 1.80 5.00
0.12047 3.6465 4.1312 1.17 5.00
0.30720 2.6640 4.0027 1.17 5.00
0.19227 3.7157 4.5621 2.83 5.00
0.11839 3.3189 3.7978 1.67 5.00
0.07983 3.5763 3.8927 1.17 5.00

F Sig.
3.743 0.013

2.880 0.039

1.577 0.199

3.153 0.028
 Std. Error Mean
0.11575
0.13565
0.11205
0.12718
0.09835
0.12105
0.11119
0.11522

ndependent Samples Test

t-test for Equality of Means

95% Confidence Interval of the

Difference
Std. Error
df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference Difference Lower Upper
111 0.737 -0.05977 0.17726 -0.41102 0.29148

104.090 0.738 -0.05977 0.17832 -0.41339 0.29384

111 0.650 0.07701 0.16902 -0.25791 0.41193

105.597 0.651 0.07701 0.16950 -0.25905 0.41307

111 0.978 0.00424 0.15429 -0.30151 0.30998

101.531 0.978 0.00424 0.15597 -0.30514 0.31361

111 0.818 -0.03716 0.16110 -0.35638 0.28206

 109.002 0.817 -0.03716 0.16012 -0.35451 0.28019

95% Confidence Interval

Upper
0.307
0.305
0.309
0.457
0.454
0.455
0.376
0.373
0.375
0.327
0.325
0.326

Std. Error Mean

0.09608
0.18278
0.09524
0.16781
0.08618
0.15740
 0.08795
0.17123

ndependent Samples Test

t-test for Equality of Means

95% Confidence Interval of the

Difference
Std. Error
df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference Difference Lower Upper
111 0.051 0.37379 0.18912 -0.00097 0.74855

52.075 0.076 0.37379 0.20650 -0.04056 0.78814

111 0.185 0.24274 0.18210 -0.11811 0.60359

55.260 0.214 0.24274 0.19295 -0.14391 0.62939

111 0.449 0.12673 0.16698 -0.20414 0.45761

53.709 0.483 0.12673 0.17945 -0.23309 0.48655

111 0.723 0.06199 0.17473 -0.28425 0.40823

51.200 0.749 0.06199 0.19249 -0.32442 0.44840

95% Confidence Interval

Upper
0.810
0.805
0.759
0.676
0.672
0.653
0.558
0.554
0.540
0.475
0.472
0.464