Plagiarism Checker X - Report

Originality Assessment

6%
Overall Similarity

Date: Jan 17, 2024

Sources: 14

v 8.0.7 - WML 4
FILE - AMUL_PDF[1].DOCX
 A

PROJECT REPORT

ON

FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

ON TOPIC

AMUL {THE TASTE OF INDIA}

SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL

FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS

FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

Under the guidance of

DR. FATIMA HASSAN

SUBMITTED BY –

Jagrati Varshney (23GSOB2010975)

Harshit Pratap Singh (23GSOB2010943)

Harsh Dubey (23GSOB2010552)

Kamalkant Upadhyay (23GSOB2010654)

Harsh Rana (23GSOB2011093)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

An engineer with only theoretical knowledge

is not a complete engineer. Practical knowledge is very important to develop and

to apply engineering skills. It gives me a

great pleasure

to have an opportunity to acknowledgement

and

to

express

gratitude

to

those who were

associated with me during my training at ‘AMUL’.

Special thanks to our faculty members for providing me with an opport

unity to undergo training under his able guidance.

I express my sincere thanks and gratitude to Amul authorities for

allowing me to undergo the training in this prestigious organization. I will

always remain indebted to them for their constant interest and

excellent guidance in my training work, moreover for providing me with an opportunity to

work and gain experience.

PREFACE
The conceptual knowledge acquired by management student is best manifested in the

project and training they undergo. I have got a change to undergo practical training in

Amul. The present project gives a perfect event to understanding of the financial

management specially the most modern concept of “economic value added” and

organization behavior.

The project report entitled “MARKET STRATEGY ON AMUL PRODUCTS” is based on the

theme of Amul. performance based on economic value addition made by the AMUL

PRODUCT in the last 5 years.

The report will provide all the information regarding the MARKET STRATEGY ON AMUL,

and their importance in marketing strategy

I also hope that this report will be beneficial.

CERTIFICATE
This is certified that the contents of the projects entitled Industrial Analysis Report on

MARKET STRATEGY ON AMUL.by JAGRATI is a bonafide work of his for consideration in

partly fulfillment requirement of the syllabus and to teach many aspects of the business

under the supervision of the professional manager. The original work was carried out by

him under my supervision in the academic year 2022 - 23. Based on the declaration made

by him, I recommend this project report for evaluation.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The project report is titled “Acceptance of Amul products at the retail level”.

This project report draws significant information about the Amul Retail Stores. The

customer‟'s perception of Amul products & and the problem faced by the Retailers. It gives

information on where Amul needs to improve the level of customer satisfaction and the role

of Retailers in Amul product‟s distribution.

I have done my project under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Sahil Arora.

The analysis and conclusion were carried out from the data collected through various
primary and secondary resources (Market survey, Company Website namely

www.amul.com, Books, company‟s executives, e-newspapers, e-magazines, journals,

interviews, and many other websites).

CONTENTS

S.No.

Particulars

Page No.

1.

INTRODUCTION

2.

COMPANY PROFILE

11

3.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

26

,4.

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

32

5.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

33

6.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

CASE STUDY OF AMUL IN CANADA

34

7.

DATA ANALYSIS &INTERPRETATION

44

SWOT ANALYSIS

54

8.

OBJECTIVES AND FINDINGS

55

9.

SUGGESTION

56

10.

CONCLUSION

57

QUESTIONNAIRE & BIBLIOGRAPHY

58

Introduction:
Project title: “Acceptance of Amul products at retail level”

Description: This project briefly covers market research on various Amul-preferred outlets

and Amul parlors along with the Amul distributors.

Amul has justified its undisputed leadership in the food business by creating 6000 Amul

Preferred outlets in a record time which exclusively sell a wide range of Amul products.

This has been possible due to strong brand equity and immense Consumer support. Amul

Parlor is successfully operating in more than 1400 towns on high streets, residential areas,

Railway Stations, Bus Stations, Educational Institutions, and a whole lot of centers of

Excellence. “Amul Preferred Outlets are an excellent business opportunity for Budding

Entrepreneurs.
Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF), custodian of the Amul brand is

largest food products marketing organization. 4 With its wide product Portfolio

GCMMF today has a turnover over Rs. 9774 Cr. With a singular focus on marketing and

distribution, GCMMF today reaches consumers in all parts of the country. A state-level

apex body of milk co-operatives in Gujarat, GCMMF has endeavored to provide

remunerative returns to the farmers and also serve the interest of consumers by providing

quality products that are good value for money. Today ice creams are equally popular

among children and grown-ups.

Amul is committed to producing wholesome and safe foods of excellent quality to remain

the market leader through the deployment of quality management systems, state-of-the-art

technology, and innovation, and eco-friendly operations to achieve the delightment of

customers and betterment of milk producers. The dairy industry companies run mainly on

factors such as availability, service frequency, affordability, taste, and marketing.

Availability plays a vital role

because purchasing power depends upon availability of that product, in case distributors'

and retailers' service matter a lot. A retailer or retail store is any business enterprise whose

sales volume comes primarily from retailing.

Value addition to the company by this project:-

The project gives the current position of the Amul Retail Shops in the Pune division. The

report tells:

1. How Amul Retail Shops are performing?

2. What are the problems faced by Retailers?

3. What is the customer‟s perception towards Amul?

All this information can be useful for the company in making decisions for Retailers which

will help to eliminate the problems and generate more sales & and increase the profit.

3 Company Profile:

INDUSTRY PROFILE:
Dairy is a place where handling of milk and milk products is done and technology refers to

the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes. Dairy Technology has been

defined as that branch of dairy science, which deals with the processing of milk and the

manufacture of milk products on an industrial scale. The dairy sector in India has shown

remarkable development in the past decade and India has now become one of the largest

producers of milk and value-added milk products in the world.

The dairy sector has developed through co-operatives in many parts of the State.

During 1997-98, the State had 60 milk processing plants with an aggregate processing

capacity of 5.8 million liters per day. In addition to these processing plants, 123

Government and 33 co-operatives milk chilling centers operate in the State.

Also India today is the lowest cost producer per litre of milk in the world, at 27 cents,

compared with the U.S.' 63 cents, and Japan‟s 2.8 dollars. Also to take advantage of

this lowest cost of milk production and increasing production in the country multinational

companies are planning to expand their activities here. 3 Some of these milk producers

have already obtained quality standard certificates from the

authorities. This will help them in marketing their products in foreign countries in processed

form.

Research and Development in Dairy Industry:

Research and development are needed for the dairy industry to develop and survives for

long time with better status. The various institute and milk dairy companies R&D results
provide base for today‟s industry growth and development. The research and development

of products of dairy, like yogurt and cheese market research and company reports provides

insights into product and market trends, analysis opportunities, sales and marketing

strategies will help local milk unions to develop and spread worldwide through obtaining this

knowledge. Specific on market share, segmentation, size and growth in the US and global

markets are also helps industry to expand its market worldwide even small union also.

Development of food Processing Industry:

The food processing industry sector in India is one of the largest in terms of production,

consumption, export and growth prospects. The government of accorded it is a high

priority, with a number of fiscal relieves and incentives, to encourage commercialization

and value addition to agriculture produce, for minimizing harvest wastage, generating

employment and export growth.

Food processing industry is providing backbone support to the milk industry.

The development food products by using milk can give good market opportunities to

produces milk.

There are different sectors within the dairy industry that promise great business investment

opportunities:
Biotechnology:

The Indian cattle yield less milk as compared to their foreign counterparts. 3 The Indian

cattle breeders are on the lookout for ways to improve their milk yield through cross-

breeding. Thus, there is a huge potential available for foreign investors to invest in dairy

cattle breeding of high-quality buffaloes with hybrid cows.

There is also great scope for investment in different dairy cultures, including dairy

biologics, enzymes, probiotics, and other coloring materials for food processing.

Producing biopreservative ingredients based on dairy fermentation, such as pediococcin,

acidophilic, Bulgarian, and Nissan contained in dairy powder, also promises great

investment opportunity.

Dairy/Food Processing Equipment:

Great potential lies for foreign investment for manufacturing and marketing of cost-

effective, top- quality food processing machinery.

Food Packaging Instruments:

There is a tremendous investment opportunity for foreign investors in the manufacturing of

both machinery and packaging materials that aid the development of brand loyalty and

gives a clear edge in the marketing of dairy products.

Retailing:

Retailing of dairy products also promises great investment opportunities for standardization

and upgrading dairy products in the main metropolitan cities.

Manufacture of ingredients:

Several intredients are involved in the making of different dairy products like ghee,

condensed milk, and cheese, Manufacturing of ingredients for these products offers a great

potential for foreign investment.

Finished Products:

There is a great scope for investment in the manufacturing of finished dairy products such

as cheese souse and cheese powders.

2.2 PROBLEMS:
India and China are two emerging economy in Asia. The Dairy and Food Processing

industry in India still have underdeveloped market and fragmented supply base. On the

other hand, the size of both, Markets and the suppliers are large. Also, the purchasing

power of the consumer and demand for health-based quality products is increasing at a

fast rate resulting in imbalance in demand- supply equilibrium.

HISTORY

Amul (Anand Milk Union Limited), formed in 1946, is a dairy cooperative movement in

India. It is a brand name managed by an apex cooperative organization, Gujarat Co-

operative Milk Marketing Federation Ltd. (GCMMF), which today is jointly owned by

some 2.6 million milk producers in Gujarat, India. It is based in Anand town of Gujarat and

has been a sterling example of a cooperative organization's success in the long term.

The Amul Pattern has established itself as a uniquely appropriate model for rural

development. Amul has spurred the White Revolution of India, which has made India the

largest producer of milk and milk products in the world. It is also the world's biggest

vegetarian cheese brand.

GCMMF

Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF) is India's largest food products

marketing organization. It is a state level apex body of milk cooperatives in Gujarat

which aims to provide remunerative returns to the farmers and also serve the interest of

consumers by providing quality products which are good value for money. Amul's product

range includes milk powders, milk, butter, ghee, cheese, curd, chocolate, ice cream,
cream, shrikhand, paneer, gulab jamuns, basundi, Nutramul brand and others. In

January 2006,

Amul plans to launch India's first sports drink Stamina, which will be competing with Coca

Cola's Powerade and PepsiCo's Gatorade.

Achievement:

Amul: Asia s largest dairy co-operative was created way back in1946 to make the milk

producer self-reliant and conduct milk- business with pride. Amul has always been the

trend setter in bringing and adapting the most modern technology to door steps to rural

farmers.

Amul created history in following areas:

A) First self motivated and autonomous farmers‟ organization comprising of more than

5000000 marginal milk producers of Karla District.

Created Dairy co-operatives at village level functioning with milk collection centers

owned by them.

Computerized milk collection system with electronic scale and computerized accounting

system.

The first and only organization in world to get ISO 9000 standard for its farmer‟s co-

operatives.

e) First to produce milk from powder from surplus milk.

Amul is the live example of how co-operation amongst the poor marginal farmers can

provide means for the socio-economic development of the under privileged marginal

farmers.

Amul in abroad:

Amul is going places. Literally. After having established its presence in China, Mauritius

and Hong Kong, Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF), India s largest

milk cooperative, is waiting to flood the Japanese market. Then, GCMMF is also looking

at Sri Lanka as one of its next export destinations. Amul products are already available on

shelves across several countries, including the US, China, Australia, West Asian countries

and Africa

CURRENT PLAYERS IN THE INDUSTRY:

Amul (GCMMF, Gujarat) is the largest brand in the industry. Other regional brands

(dairy

co-operatives): Aarey, Gokul, Warana (Maharashtra), Saras (Rajasthan),Verka(Punjab),

Vijaya (Andhra Pradesh), Avian (Tamil Nadu), Nandini (Karnataka), Mother Dairy (New

Delhi).

Mother Dairy (Delhi) and Bangalore Dairy (Nandini brand) have tie ups with GCMMF,

Anand.

Private sector dairies: JK Dairy, Heritage Foods, Indiana Dairy and Dairy Specialties.
Global Players: HLL, Britannia, Heinz, Kraft Foods, SmithKline Beecham, Nestle etc

AMUL TODAY

The Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF) which markets the popular

Amul brand of milk and dairy products crosses the 2 billion dollar sales turnover mark.

During the financial year 2010-11, GCMMF registered a top line growth of 22.1%,

achieving turnover of Rs 9774 crores.

The results of the apex body of the dairy cooperatives in Gujarat were declared on 21st

June 2011, in the 37th Annual General Meeting of GCMMF.

GCMMF: An Overview

Sales Turnover

Rs (million)

US $ (in millions)

1994-95

11140

355

1995-96

13790

400
1996-97

15540

450

1997-98

18840

455

1998-99

22192

493

1999-00

22185

493

2000-01

22588

500

2001-02

23365

500

2002-03

27457

575

2003-04

28941

616

2004-05

29225

672

2005-06
37736

850

2006-07

42778

1050

2007-08

52554

1325

2008-09

67113

1504

2009-10

80053

1700

2010-11

2011-12

97642

116680

2172

2500
HEAD OFFICE:

Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation Ltd.

Amul Dairy Road,

P B No.10, Anand – 388001,

Gujarat, India.

VISION:

- Liberate our farmers from economic oppression and lead them to prosperity

MISSION 2020:

- Dairy cooperatives of Gujarat turnover of Rs. 27000 crores by the year 2020.

- To satisfy the taste and nutritional requirements of the consumers and increasing

numbers of these consumers today are to be found only at the large format stores. Hence,

in order to reach these consumers, we need to form equitable alliances with organized

retail chains wherever possible.

Objective:

Is to ensure that the maximum share of the consumer‟s rupee goes back to the milk

producers.

Future Plan:

◗ Expansion of distribution network, creative marketing, consumer education and product

innovation, we will leverage effectively on rising income levels and growing affluence

among Indian consumers.

◗ Tapping the rising demand for new value-added products.

◗ Milk shed area will increase to 231 lakh kg per day (23.1 million kg per day), at an annual

growth rate of 4%

◗ Installing Bulk Milk Chillers and Automatic Milk Collection Systems in all our village

cooperative societies.

◗ 8 Collect as much as 195 lakh kg per day (19.5 million kg per day) of milk in the peak

flush season.

◗ Satellite dairies with combined processing and liquid milk packaging capacity of 50 LKPD

will be established in major metro market

◗ We plan to double to processing capacity of our dairy plants to 20.7 million kg per day, by

2020

◗ Milk drying capacity will also be enhanced by 200 MT‟s per day

◗ Plan to expand our cattle feed manufacturing capacity, more than four times to 12,000

MT‟s per day, by 2020.

◗ Total investments envisaged for creating all the required infrastructure would be Rs.
2,600 crores (Rs. 26 billion) till the year 2020

The Product Range

Breadspreads

Amul Butter, Amul Lite, Delicious Table Margarine

Cheese Range

Amul Pasteurized Processed Cheddar Cheese, Amul Processed Cheese Spread, Amul

Pizza (Mozarella) Cheese,Amul Emmental Cheese, Amul Gouda Cheese, Amul Malai

Paneer (cottage cheese), Utterly Delicious Pizza

Fresh Milk

Amul Gold Full Cream Milk 6% fat, Amul Shakti Standardised Milk 4.5% Fat, Amul Taaza

Toned Milk 3% fat, Amul Slim & Trim, Amul Cow Milk

UHT Milk Range

Amul Gold 4.5% fat Milk, Amul Shakti 3% fat Milk, Amul Taaza 1.5% fat Milk, Amul Lite

Slim-n-Trim Milk, Amul Fresh Cream

Milk Powders

Amul Full Cream Milk Powder, Amulya Dairy Whitener, Sagar Skimmed Milk Powder,

Amulspray Infant Milk Food, Sagar Tea and Coffee Whitener

Milk Drink

Amul Kool Flavored Milk, Amul Kool Café, Amul Kool Koko,Amul Kool Milk Shaake, Amul

Kool Chocolate Milk,Nutramul Energy Drink

Health Drink

Stamina Instant Energy Drink

Brown Beverage

Nutramul Malted Milk Food

Curd Products

Amul Masti Dahi (fresh curd), Amul Masti Spiced Butter Milk,Amul Lassee, Amul Flaavyo

Yoghurt

Pure Ghee

Amul Pure Ghee, Sagar Pure Ghee

Sweetened Condensed Milk

Amul Mithaimate

Mithaee Range (Ethnic Sweets)

Amul Shrikhand, Amul Mithaee Gulab jamuns, Amul Basundi,Avsar Ladoos

Ice-cream

Sundae Range, probiotic,,sugarfree and probiotic

Chocolate & Confectionery

Amul Milk Chocolate, Amul Fruit & Nut Chocolate, Amul Chocozoo, Amul Bindass, Amul

Fundoo
Butter

Margarine

Amul lite

Cheese

Cheese Spread
Paneer

Pizza Cheese

Pizza

Tetra milk

Pouch milk
Chocolates

Milk shake

Flavored Milk

Buttermilk

Lassi

Amulya
Amul spray

SMP

Nutramul

Ghee

Mithai Mate
Basundi

Gulabjamun

Fresh cream

Ice cream

Shrikhand
Dahi

Yogurt

Table: List of products marketed by GCMMF under brand name Amul

COMPETITION:

PRODUCTS

MAJOR COMPETITORS

Cheese range

Britannia cheese, Mother Dairy Cheese, Gowardhan, Kraft

Mithaee Range (Ethenic sweets)

Haldirams

Milk Range

Mother Dairy, Nestle, Aarey, Gokul

Amul Ice-creams

Quality Walls, Mother Dairy, Pastonjee, Vadilal

Chocolates & confectionery

Cadbury, Nestle, Parle

Table: Major competitors of Amul

SERVICES:

GCMMF is sole marketer of all products under brand AMUL and SAGAAR.

7 It is also the sole selling agent for the National Dairy Development Board‟s (NDDB)

edible oil – „DHARA‟.

GCMMF is India's largest exporter of Dairy Products. It has been accorded a "Trading

House" status. GCMMF has received the APEDA Award from Government of India for

Excellence in Dairy Product Exports for the last 13 years.

CLIENTS:

Major clients are the five stars hotels (TAJ, Oberoi etc.) and big restaurants throughout the

country.

Many of Amul‟s products are now available in the USA, Gulf Countries and Singapore.

Review of Literature:
Amul Preferred Outlets:-

Amul has justified its undisputed leadership in foods business by creating 6000 Amul

preferred outlets in a record time which exclusively sell wide range of Amul products.

This has been possible due to strong brand equity and immense consumer support. Amul

are now having ambitious plans of creating 10,000 Amul parlours by 2012.

Amul Parlours are successfully operating in more than 1400 towns at high streets,

residential areas, Railway Stations, Bus Stations, Educational Institutions and a whole lot

of Centers of Excellence.

Here is a list of the few of the Amul parlours operating across the various parts of the

country

1. Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad

2. New Delhi Railway Station PF6/7 & PF10/11

3. National Institute of Design

4. Infosys Technologies in Bangalore, Mysore & Pune

5. Wipro, Bangalore

6. Indian Institute of Management, Kolkata

7. Ahmedabad Airport

8. Koyambedu Bus Station, Tamilnadu

9. Savitha Dental College, Chennai

10. IIT, Guwahati

◻ "Amul Preferred Outlets are an excellent business opportunity for budding

entrepreneurs.

To have a better idea please go through the following:

1. The criteria for selection of APOs would be –

a. Visibility - How prominent is the location of your shop?

b. Shop area: 100 - 300 sq. ft.

c. Good Business potential

d. Exclusive Amul outlet - no other products are to be sold

2. Renovation Work of the Shop to give it a standard look - would be done to meet the

design and specifications at your cost. The cost of renovation of a typical shop would

normally be between Rs. 60,000 to Rs. 1 lakh.

3. Branding- The cost of the signage‟s fabrication and installation would be borne by

GCMMF Ltd.

4. Equipment- You would require the following equipment:

a. 1or 2 deep freezers (Can be purchased through Hamara Apna Deep Freezer Scheme )

b. 1 Refrigerator through Hamara Apna Refrigerator Scheme

c. 1 pizza oven

d. 1 Chest Milk Cooler for Pouch Milk

5. Security Deposit- You would be required to furnish an interest free refundable security

deposit of Rs. 25,000 to us locked for one year. The entire amount would be forfeited in

case the parlour closes down within the first year of operation.

6. Supplies- The delivery of products would be done through our wholesale dealers.

7. Agreement- An agreement bringing us together would be signed.

Amul Scooping Parlours:-

India a booming ice cream market up for grabs

Today ice creams are equally popular among children and grown-ups. Eating ice creams

have become an occasion for celebration. In India alone, the organized ice cream industry

has a turnover of around

Rs. 1000 Cr. and the market is witnessing a booming growth rate of 12-15% annually.

Per capita consumption of ice creams in India is around 250 ml compared to 23 litres in the

US, 18 litres in Australia, 14 litres in Sweden and 800 ml even in neighbouring Pakistan.

This presents a huge opportunity for organized players in the ice cream industry.

Amul - the leader in Ice Creams

Since its launch in 1996, Amul Ice Creams have consistently combated Competition like

Kwality Walls, Mother Dairy and other brands. The customers have shown huge faith in the

quality of Amul Ice Creams and today it‟s the No. 1 ice cream brand of the country.

Nearly 4 times as large as its nearest competitor, it is now the only national brand. Amul

has been able to write such a success story because of the quality of its products,

economic pricing and the belief consumers have in the brand.

Amul Ice Creams - Melting point for taste buds

Amul offers a selection of almost 220 products with flavours ranging from exotic Honey

Banana to Kesar Pista and many more. Apart from

the delicious individual novelties Amul also have ice creams for the health conscious. In

January 2007, Amul introduced Sugar Free & ProLife Probiotic Wellness Ice Cream which

was a first in India.

Amul Scooping Parlours:

Seize the opportunity to partner with India’s leading Ice Cream Brand

Today people like to spend quality time with their family outside

the home. With increasing income they love to spoil themselves with a variety of choices.
Keeping up with the latest trend Amul has started Ice Cream Scooping Parlours across the

country. One can enjoy world class ice creams, Sundaes, shakes and other ice cream

concoctions in a cozy and nice ambience at these parlors. It‟s fun time for the entire family.

Currently Amul has Scooping Parlours across the country including Mumbai, Chennai,

Delhi, Bangaluru, Thane, Pune, Kolkata, Nagpur, Ahmedabad and Coimbatore. Apart from

these, there are more Amul Scooping Parlours coming up in different parts of the country.

These Parlours have been well received by customers and are doing upbeat business.

Some of the recipes on offer at these Parlours are:

◻ Simply Delicious Ice Cream Sco ops

◻ Double and Triple Sundaes

◻ Double Swirl/Magic Swirl

◻ Thick Shakes

◻ Amul Cool Drinks

The recipes on offer at these Scooping Parlours are designed by Amul. The maximum

retail price of the products is pre-determined by Amul. The disposables and consumables

are also standardized by Amul and supplied by parties approved by Amul.

Objectives of the study:

Primary Objectives:-

1. An audit on standard operation procedures at Amul Retail Store.

2. To improve existing retail network of Amul product.

3. To understand the problem faced by Retailer holder pertaining to selling & storage of

Amul products.

4. To evaluate customer response toward Amul Retail Stores.

Secondary Objectives:-

1. To create consumer awareness about Amul.

Effectiveness of “Visy Cooler” (Cold Storage Machine provided by AMUL at a charge):

How many Retailers effectively use Visy Cooler?

4. Impact of Visy Coolers on sales.

Scope of the study:

1. The study includes Dairy Retail store observation and audit.

2. Understanding the distribution channel of Amul products.

3. The study will help in enhancing distribution channel of Amul Products.

The study not only gives idea about what problems are faced by distributors in

distributing Amul products but will also help in identifying solution for problems faced by

distributors.

The study helps in increasing no. of retailer in Amul products.

6. The study will help in restructuring margin policy for retail distributors.

7. The study will help in supplying required products & services to retail distributors in

timely manner.

8. This study also will also help in improving the market share of Amul in Dairy market.

Research Methodology:

“Market research is the systematic design, collection, analysis and reporting of data and

finding relevant to a specific marketing situation facing the company.”

An effective marketing research involved five steps:

MARKETING RESEARCH

The American marketing association defines marketing research as follows:

“Marketing Research is the functional links to the customers, consumers &public to

marketing through information. Information used to identify and define marketing

opportunities and problems; generate, define and evaluate marketing actions; monitor

marketing performance and improve understanding of marketing process.”

Marketing Research specifies the information requires addressing these issues, designing

the method for collecting information, managing and implementing the data collecting

process, analyzing the result and communicating the findings and their implementations.

In other words Marketing Research is any organized efforts to gather information about

markets or customers. It is a very important component of business strategy.

Marketing Research is for discovering what people want, need, or believe. It can also

involve discovering how they act. Once that research is completed, it can be used to

determine how to market your product.

Questionnaires and focus group discussion surveys are some of the instruments for market
research.

Marketing Research Methods:

Methodologically, marketing research uses the following types of research designs:

(I) Based on questioning:

Qualitative Marketing Research- generally used for exploratory purposes- small number of

respondents – not generalizable to the whole population – statistical significance and

confidence not calculated – examples including focus groups, in-depth interviews, and

projective techniques.

(II) Based on observations:

Ethnographic studies: It is by nature qualitative, the researcher observes social

phenomena in their natural setting – observations can occur cross-sectionally

(observations made at one time) or longitudinally (observations occur over several time-

periods) – examples include product-use analysis and computer cookie traces.

PROMOTION:

Promotion is one of the four elements of marketing mix (product, price, promotion, and

place). It is the communication link between sellers and buyers for the purpose of

influencing, informing, or persuading a potential buyer‟s purchasing decision.

The specification of five elements creates a promotional mix or promotional plan. These

elements are personal selling, advertising, sales promotion, direct marketing and publicity.

A promotional mix specifies how much attention to pay to each of the five sub-categories

and how much money to budget for each. A promotional plan can have a wide range of

objectives, including: sales increase, new product acceptance, creation of brand equity,

positioning, competitive retaliations, or creation of a corporate image. Fundamentally,

however there are three basic objectives of promotion. These are:

◻ To present information to consumers as well as others.

◻ To increase demand.

◻ To differentiate product.

A. Secondary data:

The sources from which secondary data was collected:

◻ Press releases of the company.

◻ Newsletters and In-house journals.

◻ Brochures and detailed descriptive leaflets.

◻ Magazines

◻ Websites such as www.amul.com and www.google.com. These were the sources

from which secondary data has been gathered. Most of the information presented in this

report was extracted from the above data sources.

B. Primary data:

Collection of primary data was conducted by visiting the people personally for the

population for the preparation of the report.

i) Research approach:

It means the way by which the information was collected. Visiting the various places of

Pune, getting the questionnaire filled by different individuals.

Beside this, frequent visit to the retailers was of great help to conduct the analysis and

research work.
Contact methods:

Instrument or Data collected Forms: It is the method by which data is gathered. It could be

done through various instruments like questionnaires, observations, getting information

from the shopkeepers was sufficient enough to conduct the study.

ii) Collection of information:

The primary information was collected by face-to-face and direct interviews with the

retailers and the customers. They provide the relevant information regarding the profile of

the company as compared to the other company in the Indian market.

The secondary sources of information were various web sites of the companies,

newspapers & magazines.

iii) Analyzing the information:

The data collected was carefully analyzed. The research and analysis of the information

has been done on the basis of various sales and marketing strategies adopted by the

company during its tenure.

iv) Reporting and conclusions and recommendations:

This is the most vital part of the work undertaken. After collection and analysis of data, it

was recorded in the form as prescribed. The major part of the report is the findings.
Research Method – Exploratory & Conclusive Research

Exploratory research provides insights into and comprehension of an issue or situation. It

should draw definite conclusions only with extreme caution.

Conclusive research draws conclusions: the results of the study can be generalized to the

whole population.

Exploratory research information is conducted to explore a problem to get some basic idea

about the solution at the preliminary stages of research. It may serve as the input to

conclusive research.

Exploratory research information is collected by focus group interviews, reviewing literature

or books, discussing with experts, etc. This is unstructured and qualitative in nature. If a

secondary source of data is unable to serve the purpose, a convenience sample of small

size can be can be collected.

Conclusive research is conducted to draw some conclusion about the problem. It is

essentially, structured and quantitative research, and the output of this research is the

input to management information systems (MIS).

Exploratory research is also conducted to simplify the findings of the conclusive or

descriptive research, if the findings are very hard to interpret for the marketing managers.

Sampling:

Sampling is the process of selecting units (e.g., people, organizations) from a population of

interest so that by studying the sample we may fairly generalize our results back to the

population from which they were chosen.

Researchers rarely survey the entire population because the cost of a census is too high.

The three main advantages of sampling are that the cost is lower, data collection is faster,

and since the data set is smaller it is possible to ensure homogeneity and to improve the

accuracy and quality of the data.

The methodology used to sample from a larger population will depend on the type of

analysis being performed, but will include simple random sampling, systematic sampling

and observational sampling.

Random Sampling:

A random sample is a subset of individuals that are randomly selected from a population.

Because researchers usually cannot obtain data from every single person in a group, a

smaller portion is randomly selected to represent the entire group as a whole. The goal is

to obtain a sample that is representative of the larger population.

For example, imagine that a market research company is interested in learning more about

what type of dish soap people use. Instead of polling every single person, they will select a

random sample of individuals and question them about the type of soap they use. By using

a randomized sample, they get a clearer idea of what likely exists in the population at

large.

Types of random sample:

Simple random sample is selected so that all samples of the same size have an equal

chance of being selected from the entire population.

A self-weighting sample, also known as an EPSEM (Equal Probability of Selection Method)

sample, is one in which every individual, or object, in the population of interest has an

equal opportunity of being selected for the sample. Simple random samples are self-

weighting.

Stratified sampling involves selecting independent samples from a number of

subpopulations, group or strata within the population. Great gains in efficiency are

sometimes possible from judicious stratification.

Cluster sampling involves selecting the sample units in groups. For example, a sample of

telephone calls may be collected at by first taking a collection of telephone lines and

collecting all the calls on the sampled lines. The analysis of cluster samples must take into

account the intra-cluster correlation which reflects the fact that units in the same cluster are

likely to be more similar than two units picked at random.

CASE STUDY

CASE -1- Amul Dairy secures major win in a trademark infringement case in Federal

Court of Canada
Federal Court of Ontario (Canada): In an Intellectual Property battle the Bench of Alan S.

Diner, J., had granted major win to India’s giant dairy producer, Kaira District Co-operative

Milk Producers’ Union Ltd. (Kaira), i.e. AMUL Dairy and Gujarat Cooperative Milk

Marketing Federation Ltd. The Bench held that,

“The Defendants’ conduct had exceeded the usual case of confusion caused

by slight alterations of the mark, similar description of copyrighted

material, or modification of a design, rather, they were using, without

any colour of right, an exact duplicate of the Plaintiffs’ mark, and an exact copy of their

copyrighted material.”

Plaintiff alleged that Defendant-AMUL Canada had been advertising, marketing, offering

for sale,

selling, and providing goods identical to the Plaintiffs’ goods in Canada with the trademarks

and

trade names AMUL and Amul Canada Ltd. through LinkedIn. Further, it was alleged that

the

Defendants, namely AMUL Canada, Mr. Mohit Rana, Mr. Akash Ghosh, Mr. Chandu Das,

and Mr Patel were not only using the exact marks and designs belonging to the Plaintiffs,

but they were claiming

to be the Plaintiffs, through copying the information available on the AMUL websites

regarding the Plaintiffs’ background and activities. Defendant also purported to have

employees in Canada even though the Plaintiffs had never licensed nor provided consent

for either Amul Canada or any of the

four individual Defendants to use the Plaintiffs’ trademarks and copyrights in any manner

. The Kaira was established in India in 1946, in the business of the manufacture and
marketing of milk products. Its trademark AMUL is India’s largest food brand and a “well-

known trademark” in India.

The Plaintiffs deposed that Gujarat and Kaira had offered for sale, advertised, sold, and

distributed certain AMUL trademarked goods in Canada since 2010. Specifically, Kaira was

the registered owner

of the Canadian Trademark “AMUL” since 2014, which had been used in Canada since

30-06-2020. Plaintiff also owned the Canadian trademark design having the expression

“Amul the Taste of India”, which had been used in Canada, in association with the goods

“coffee, tea, cocoa, coffee substitutes, sugar, milk etc. Similarly, Kaira also owned the mark

and design having the expression “Amul

Pasturized Butter utterly butterly delicious”, used in association with the dairy products,

edible oils

and fats. Finally, the Plaintiffs owned copyright in the designs associated with these

trademarks

Motion for Default Judgment

Noticing the evasive conduct of the Defendants and that the Plaintiffs

had exhausted all reasonable attempts to had the Defendants cease and desist their

conduct both

prior to and through the commencement of these proceedings, the Bench held that the

Plaintiffs had every right to bring the Motion for Default Judgment in ex parte manner to

stop the blatant abuse of their intellectual property.

Passing Off under section 7(b) of the Trademarks Act Passing off has been statutorily

codified in

section 7(b) of the Trademarks Act, RSC 1985, c T-13 [Trademarks Act]. The elements for

establishing passing off are: the existence of goodwill; the deception of the public due to

misrepresentations; and actual or potential damages to the plaintiff [Ciba-Geigy Canada

Ltd v Apotex Inc, 1992 SCC OnLine

Can SC 85] Holding that the Defendants had engaged in deliberate deceitful conduct and

had

directed public attention to its business in such a way as to cause confusion in Canada

between the goods and business of the Defendants, and those of the Plaintiffs, the Bench

stated that there was

clearly potential damages that could have related, whether through sales, marketing,

distribution, and/or recruiting employees, through the unauthorized guise of Amul Canada.

Hence, opining that

each of the three elements was met in the instant case, the Bench stated, “Not only has

the Amul

brand existed for well over 50 years and is advertised globally through online and other

channels –

and thus acquired distinctiveness over time – and the volumes of milk and cheese

distribution

illustrate that Amul products have a reputation within at least a certain segment of

consumers of its dairy products in Canada.

” Trademark Infringements The act of falsely advertising their desire to increase butter

sales in Canada, so that the Defendants may attract further interest in the company,

potentially hoping to attract more purported employees, distributors and/or consumers

through social media pages was held by the Court to be unauthorized use of the Amul
mark sufficient to infringe right to exclusivity contrary to Sections 19 and 20(1)(a) of the

Trademarks Act.

Similarly, the Defendants had directed public attention to their business in such a way as to

cause or be likely to cause confusion in Canada, at the time they commenced so to direct

public attention to them, between their business and the goods and business of the

Plaintiffs, contrary to Section 7(b) of the Trademarks Act.

Copyright Infringement In reproducing the copyrighted Amul design and corporate

information, the Defendants had copied not only the mark, but also the Plaintiffs’ literature

as prominently displayed on their websites (www.amul.com and www.amuldairy.com). The

image and wording used was not simply strikingly similar, as had been found to establish

copyright infringement in many other cases. Here, the image and wording used was an

exact copy of that owned by the Plaintiffs. Hence, it was held that the Defendants had

reproduced the Plaintiffs’ copyrighted material without their consent and infringed the

Plaintiffs’ rights to exclusive use of its copyright contrary to Section 27 of the Copyright Act

.Verdict In the backdrop of the above, the Bench reached the following conclusions:

To permanently enjoin from infringing the trademark and copyright of the Plaintiffs, and

directing public attention to the Defendants’ goods, or business in such a way as to cause

or be likely to cause confusion in Canada. To transfer to the Plaintiffs within thirty (30)

days, ownership and all rights access, administration, and control for and over the LinkedIn

pages/accounts used by them, together with any other LinkedIn pages/accounts, domain

names and social media pages registered to or controlled by the Defendants displaying the

Plaintiffs’ trademark or copyright. To provide a listing and contact information for all entities

that contacted the Defendants about the Defendants’ business through the LinkedIn pages.

The Plaintiffs were awarded damages in the amount of $10,000 for actions contrary to the

Trademarks Act, $5,000 for actions contrary to the Copyright Act and the costs in lump
sum of $17,733. [Kaira District Co-

1 Research Design:

This research design is exploratory as researcher need to find out the scope of Amul

Products from retailers in Pune. The method of data collection is qualitative and descriptive

in nature i.e. survey and observation based research. The study is done in steps stated

below.

1. Understanding the Amul Products.

2. Understanding the Amul distribution system.

3. Collection of data:

Primary Data - Through questionnaire from various Parlours, Restaurant, Retailers in Pune

region.

Secondary Data - Through internet, magazines and newspaper etc.

1. To analyze the data

2. Finally the conclusion and giving recommendation on the basis of research.

Sample Design:

The sample was drawn by using Random Sampling Techniques, as researcher needs to fill

questionnaire from Retailer.

Apart from that, Random Sampling Techniques are more economical than any other

sampling technique.

Target population includes, Retailer, Restaurant, Parlours, etc.

Sample Size:

A sample size of 100 was taken out of 180 because they are Amul product buyers. The

samples were randomly selected from the population for the research work.

Limitations of the study:

◻ Some outlets did not co-operate with us as they though; it is just wastage of time

◻ Since all the products are not widely used by all the customers it is difficult to draw
realistic conclusions based on the survey

◻ There was no way to assess the reliability of the outlets and parlours. Whatever they

said had to be assumed to be truth

◻ Interpretation of data may vary from individual depending on the individual

understanding the product features of the company

Data Analysis and Interpretation:

7.1 Analysis of the data (from the questionnaire) obtained from the Amul Retail Shops.

Do you stock Amul dairy products?

a.) Yes b.) No

Table 1. Stock Amul Dairy products

Stockiest

No. of respondents

Yes

90

No
10

Total sample size

100

Interpretation of Graph 1:

As per the graph we can interpret that only 10% retailers are not maintaining the stock of

“Amul” milk, so majority market segment has been covered by this company and for the

remaining market share we can interpret that it has been covered by “Mauli” & “Katraj” Milk

products.

If no, why?

a) Absence of packaging date b) Low margin

c) No Replacement for leakage d) Low distribution

Table 2:

Reason

No. of retailers

Absence of packaging date

15

Low margin
50

No replacement for leakage

30

Low distribution

Total sample size

100

Interpretation:

From the above mentioned graph we can conclude that the remaining 10% retailers are not

keeping the “Amul” milk products because their major competitors in this Pune region

i.e.”Mauli” & “Katraj” is giving more margin to their retailers. And another reason for not

purchasing its products is not providing replacement facility.

which is the most preferable brand of packaged dairy products that you stock?

a) Amul b) Katraj c) Nestle d) Gokul Table 3:

Product Brand

Retailers Stock

Amul

45
Katraj

30

Nestle

15

Gokul

10

Total sample size

100

Interpretation:

From the above mentioned graph we can interpreted that major sample customers are

Preferring the “Amul” milk products due to the best packaged in comparison to their

Competitors and that is the main reason of major market segments.

If yes, what product does you preferred to store?

a.) Amul butter b) Planner c) Butter milk d) Dahi

e) Flavored milk f) Cheese g) Amul pro h) other Table 4:

Amul Products

Retailers Preferred

Amul Butter

70

Panner

40
Butter Milk

25

Dahi

30

Flavored Milk

30

Cheese

40

Amul pro

Other

10

Total Sample size

100

Interpretation:

From the above mentioned graph we can interpret that customers mainly preferred the

“Amul Butter” and “Amul Cheese and Paneer” and it is only due to increasing demand for

the fast food in Indian market. However customers also prefer “Amul Milk” because it

produces much different flavored milk in comparison to their main competitors.

what is the source from where do you get Amul Products?

a) Distributor b) Other supplier

Table 5:

Sources

Respondent

Distributers

95

Other Suppliers

Total sample size

100

Interpretation:

As per the graph we can conclude that majority of its products are selling to their final

customers by their distributors and remaining customers are directly purchasing from the

market i.e. from the supermarket and malls.

Do you know which sales promotinal activities does the company undertake for Amul

products?
a.) Price off b) Free samples c) Credit Facility

d) Advertisement e) Coupons f) P-O-P Displays Table 6:

Promotional Activity

Respondent

Price off

Free sample

Credit Facility

10

Advertisement

40

Coupons

10

P_O_P Display

30

Total sample size

100

Interpretation: As per this graph Advertising are main focus while making advertising they

are more focusing on current affairs. And second focus is providing P-O-P display provided

selected retailers.
Are you satisfied with Amul distributer?

a) Yes b) No

Table 7:

Satisfaction

No. of respondent

Yes

95

No

Total sample size

100

Interpretation:

As per this graph 95 retailers are satisfied of distributers because they are following they

are wise supply chain management which are actually starting from midnight in two ships.
Are you interested in distribution of Amul dairy products?

a) Yes b) No

Table: 8

Interested in Distribution

No. of respondent

Yes

90

No

10

Total sample size

100

Interpretation of graph 8:

As per this graph 90 retailers are interested of distribution because the customer are Amul
products are more in Indian Market due to its quality & price of its products Asia‟s
however it is

also no. 1 Milk dairy.

what is your expectation from Amul dairy products?

a) Margin b) Pakaging c) Availability

Table 9:

Retailer’s Expectation

No. of Respondent

Margin

83

Pakaging

10

Availability

Total sample size

100
Interpretation:

As per this graph Retailers are expecting more margins on its products because their

competitors are providing more margins.

Q.10 Give you rating to following attributes of Amul dairy products?

Good

Very Good

Average

Bad

Very Bad

A.

30

40

10

5
0

B.

Brand Image

30

50

C.

Availability

20

20

40

10

10

D.

Packaging

30

20

30

10

10

E.

Margin

10

20

45
20

Interpretation:

As per this graph Amul has provide good quality and Amul brand image is very good in

dairy market its provide average availability comparison other competitor, its packaging are

good but Amul has no provide a good margin to their retailers comparison other

competitors.

“SWOT” Analysis of Amul STRENGTH

1. Brand name and Goodwill.

2. India‟s major giant player in dairy products.

3. Wide product range.

4. Qualified marketing & sales force.

5. Maximum milk handling capacity (11.22 million litres) per day.

6. High-quality products sold at reasonable prices.

WEAKNESS
1. Lack of availability of stock at various locations.

2. Lack of promotions (advertisements/offers/schemes).

3. Weak distributors service channel to retailers (in some areas).

4. Low profit margin to retailers.

OPPORTUNITIES

1. Areas can be targeted to cover Retailers look for convenience and margin.

2. Promotions will pay good results, market is lacking with the same.

3. A great opportunity to cash the brand name once again by giving good quality products.

4. Weak up the entire market as per the demand.

THREAT

1. Some customers are in the hand of retailers because the retailer enjoys good profit

margin from other competitor‟s brand.

2. Psychological state of mind of retailers and consumers.

3. Old manufacturing date on packs is a major threat.

4. Competitors are cutting up the market share of Amul Product.

5. Competitor brand are offering huge profit margin to retailers, whereas few of them are

selling at lower retail prices.

Observations and Findings:

Observation:

The key observations are as follows:

1. The replenishment of orders is about 64% which is average.

2. About 40% of the Amul parlour and retailers says that often damaged materials came to

them

3. The schemes/ discounts are often given by distributors to parlours and retail stores.

4. The availability and product quality of Amul products is good

5. The satisfaction level of customers of Amul parlours and retail stores is good.

6. The replacement of defective material is poor and also the process is very complicated.

7. The damage material often came about 79% which is due to improper handling by

distributors.

Findings:

1. Most of the Amul parlours are not interested in running them for longer period due to

very low margins.

2. The sales of Amul product is average round the year.

3. The full varieties of Amul products are almost as par customers need.

4. Retailers want more margins from Amul.

5. People were highly satisfied with product quality of Amul.

6. Distributors could not provide all type of varieties because of less stock.

7. Due to negligence of the company the customers of Amul are shifting towards other

company

8. More preference should be given to parlours and outlets as within the prescribed 1 km

radius other retailers also provide Amul products.

Suggestions/Recommendations:

This industry is most competitive industry; there are large numbers of competitors in this

field. In such condition a small loop may create a big problem. The condition is made

tougher by Gowardhan, which is recently dominating in this industry, so only a detained

study and fully fledged effort can help in good sales to capture the market. Four things are

necessary to improve the sales in the sub city:

1. Service

2. Advertisement

3. Replacement policy

4. Proper distribution

5. Special attention

1. Service

It is the critical factor in the success of any brand. There is no doubt that Amul services are

good but it needs little more improvement to completely capture the market.

2. Advertisement:

This is the most important factor that affects both the sales as well as the consumers‟

attention. Amul has to take aggressive advertising centered specially for its parlours and

outlets.

3. Replacement policy

Amul is already blamed for poor replacement policy; it has to give certain kind of

replacement policy to make its product more acceptable to the parlours and outlets.
4. Distribution

The replenishment is average and often damaged material came on account of improper

handling by distributors due to this parlours find it difficult to retain the customer. The

number of distributor operating in an area also very low in number which also adds to

improper distribution.

5. Special attention

The priority should be given to Amul parlours and outlets as compared to other retailers

who also keep products of Amul. Many a times it happens that outlets are not having the

product but other retailers are having the product.

Chapter-10 Conclusion:

On complete analysis of the Questionnaire, it is concluded that Amul parlours has good

reputation in the market and it has 100% satisfied customer but lack proper distribution and

marketing. Very few distributors are in a particular area which not only is resulting in

improper distribution but also resulting in monopoly of these distributors. The position of

both the parlours and outlets can be uplifted in the market by sound marketing and proper

distribution channel which results in delivery on time.

Amul has a good reputation and name because of existence in the market for so many

years especially through the name of “Amul Butter”.

Within short span of time Amul has launched so many products which are still lacking

promotion and availability. Amul has customer driving power but is not able to retain
customer due to unavailability of the newer products.

been great experience working with Amul and doing promotional activity for new

products of “Amul Pro”. The market survey has helped a lot in understanding forward

integration of Amul to link directly with the customer. It has helped me in not only knowing

the business potential of Amul as a brand through its sales in parlours and outlets but also

knowing Amul in leap and bound like knowing it‟s pattern of distribution, depth of the Amul

products, margin associated with Amul products, business structure of Amul.

ANNEXURE

Questionnaire (for retailers)

Name of the shop

Retailer name Mo. No. Address

BACKGROUND

We are doing a brief survey to find out the level of retailer perception regarding Amul
products; Parlours & Retail stores. We would be grateful if you could spare a few minutes

to participate in it. Thank you for your cooperation.

1. Do you stock Amul dairy products?

a.) Yes

2. If no, why?

b)
No

a) Absence of packaging date

c) No Replacement for leakage

b)
Low margin

d) Low distribution

3. Which is the most preferable brand of packaged dairy products that you stock?

a) Amul

b)
Katraj

c)
Nestle

d)
Gokul

4. If yes, what product do you preferred to store?

a.) Amul butter

b) Paneer

c) Butter milk

d) Dahi

e) Flavored milk

f) Cheese

g) Amul pro

h) other

5. What is the source from where do you get Amul Products?

a.) Distributors b.) Other suppliers

6. Do you know which sales promotinal activities does the company undertake for Amul

Products?

a.) Price off b) Free samples c) Credit Facility

d) Advertisement

e)
Coupons

f)
P-O-P Displays

7. Are you satisfied with Amul distribute

a) Yes b) No

8. Are you interested in distribution of Amul dairy products?

a) Yes b) No

9. What is consumer‟s expectation from Amul dairy products?

a) Good quality b) Pakaging c) Availability

10. Give you rating to following attributes of Amul dairy products?

Good

Very Good

Average

Bad
Very Bad

A.

Quality

B.

Brand

C.

Image

D.

Availability
E.

Packaging

F.

Margin

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

A) Books:

1. Kotler Philip, “ Marketing Management”

2. Kothari C.R., “ Marketing Research”

B) Websites:

1. http://www.amul.com

2. www.google.com
Sources
http ://doku n.t p /docu nt / u r nt rn h p proj ct ul nd .ht l
I TER ET
7%

2
http :// . cconl n .co /blog/po t/202 /07/ / ul/
I TER ET
2%
http :// . tudocu.co /ro /docu nt/ b r r un v r ty of c nc nd t chnology/ b b yond th

3 hyp /doku n t
I TER ET
nt rn h p doc/ 270 0

0%
http :// . l d h r .n t/ r nGoy l / ul proj ct bu n tud
I TER ET
%
http :// ul.co / / ul pr f rr d outl t
5 I TER ET
3%
http :// . l d h r .n t/Roh n k2/proj ct r port on ul
I TER ET
3%

7
http :// . l d h r .n t/k n l_ h h/ ul f n l
I TER ET
2%
http :// tudyl b.n t/doc/ 220979/ volut on of ul
I TER ET
%

9
http ://gr d f x r.co /fr y x pl /guj r t coop r t v lk rk t ng f d r t on/
I TER ET
%

0
http :// doc.pub/docu nt /proj ct r port on rk t ng of ul d 7odg zdl2
I TER ET
%
http :// . orld d journ l .co / nd n journ l of ppl d r rch
IJAR)/r c nt_ u _pdf/20 /F bru ry/F bru ry_20 _ 39 259 2 _ fc_ 77.pdf
I TER ET
%
http :// . cr bd.co /docu nt/ 30725 9 /A ul Int rn h p R port lg opy
2 I TER ET
%
http :// cono ct . nd t .co / ndu try/con product /food/ ul cro 2 b ll on doll r l

3 turnov r
I TER ET
rk/ rt cl ho / 93 905.c

%
http :// . cr bd.co /docu nt/3 3 500 9/AMUL D tr but on h nn l nd S l PROJE T
I TER ET
%
EXCLUDE CUSTOM MATCHES OFF

EXCLUDE QUOTES ON

EXCLUDE BIBLIOGRAPHY ON