IGCSE Maths 3ed Core Practice Book Answers

CAMBRIDGE IGCSE™ MATHEMATICS: CORE PRACTICE BOOK
Answers
The questions and example answers that appear in this resource were written by the author. In examination, the way marks would
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Chapter 1
Exercise 1.1 Exercise 1.3
1 Student’s own tables. 1 a 2, 3, 5, 7
2 Various answers are possible; these are examples: b 53, 59
a 12 . 11 c 97, 101, 103
b x<5 2 a 2×2×3×3
c 4x = 12 ∴ x = 3 b 5 × 13
___
d √25  = 5 c 2×2×2×2×2×2
e 32 ≠ 3 × 2 d 2×2×3×7
f k>2 e 2×2×2×2×5
g 4,5 f 2×2×2×5×5×5
g 2 × 5 × 127
3 a  1 
−2, 0, −7, −32, __
2 h 13 × 151
1 
b  __
2 3 a LCM = 378, HCF = 1
c 3, 5, 23, 29 b LCM = 255, HCF = 5
d 1, 9, 4, 25 c LCM = 864, HCF = 3
4 a 121, 144, 169, 196, … d LCM = 848, HCF = 1
1 , __ e LCM = 24 264, HCF = 2
b  __   1 , __
  2 , __
  2 , etc.
4 6 7 9 f LCM = 2574, HCF = 6
c 83, 89, 97, 101, … g LCM = 35 200, HCF = 2
d 2, 3, 5, 7 h LCM = 17 325, HCF = 5
5 a 365 289
b 1 703 473 212 Exercise 1.4
1 −3 °C
Exercise 1.2 2 a −2 °C b −9 °C c −12 °C
1 a 18 b 36 c 90 3 a 4 b 7 c −1
d 24 e 36 f 24 d −2 e −3
g 72 h 96
4 a −3 b −26 c −14
2 a 6 b 18 c 9 d 0
d 3 e 10 f 1
5 a −5 b 41 c −78
g 12 h 50
d −9 e 16
3 18 metres
6 a 80.34 to the euro
4 120 shoppers b −5.5
5 20 students
6 14 cm, 165 squares
1 Cambridge IGCSE™ Mathematics – Morrison © Cambridge University Press & Assessment 2023
Exercise 1.5 j 2.79 k 7.82 l 0.21

m 8.04 n 1.09 o 8.78
1 a 9 b 324 c 441
p 304.82 q 94.78 r 0.63
d 625 e 216 f 3375
s 4.03 t 6.87 u 6.61
g 5832 h 42 875
v 3.90 w −19.10 x 20.19
2 a 11 b 8 c 21
d 11 e 36 f 51 Exercise 1.7
g 56 h 27 i 6
1 a i 5.65 ii 5.7 iii 6
3 square: 121, 144, 169, 196, 225, 256, 289 b i 9.88 ii 9.9 iii 10
cube: 125, 216 c i 12.87 ii 12.9 iii 13
4 square: 1, 49, 64, 256, 676, 625 d i 0.01 ii 0.0 iii 0
cube: 1, 64 e i 10.10 ii 10.1 iii 10
5 a 7 b 5 c 14 f i 45.44 ii 45.4 iii 45
d 10 e 3 f 25 g i 14.00 ii 14.0 iii 14
3
__ h i 26.00 ii 26.0 iii 26
g     h 5 i 2
4
3 2 a 53 200 b 713 000
j 5 k 1 __
    l 12
4 c 17.4 d 0.00728
6 a 64 b 2401 c 65 536 3 a 36 b 5.2
d 1728 e 8000 f 100 000 c 12 000 d 0.0088
g 1954 h 155 i 1028 e 430 000 f 120
g 0.0046 h 10
j 4096
1  1  1  4 a 4 × 5 = 20 b 70 × 5 = 350
7 a  __ b  __ c  __
4 5 8 c 1000 × 7 = 7000 d 42 ÷ 6 = 7
d  ___1   1  
e  ___ 1  
f  ___ 5 a 20 b 3 c 12 d 243
5 2 3 3 2 5
g  ___1   1  
h  ___ 1  
i  ____
3 4 8 6 23 3 Review exercise
j  ____1   1 24, −12, 0, −15, −17
12 4
2 15, 30, 45, 60, 75
8 a 2−1 b 6−1 c 3−2
3 60
d 2−3 e 3−3 f 2−4
g 11−2 h 4−3 i 5−1 4 a 2×2×7×7
j 3−1 b 3 × 3 × 5 × 41
c 2×2×3×3×5×7×7
9 a 38 b 102 c 33
d 32 e 2−7 f 31 5 14
g 4−1 h 103 i 1 6 a 5 b 5 c 64
j 412 k 36 l 42 d 145 e 138 f −168
m 109 n 10−4 o 21 g 5 h 10
p 46 7 a 16.07 b 9.79 c 13.51
d 11.01 e 0.12 f −7.74
Exercise 1.6 8 a 30 b 33 c 3−2
1 a 26 b 66 c 25 d 3−1 e 32 f 30
d 15.66 e 3.39 f 2.44 g 38 h 3−4
g 3.83 h 2.15 i 1.76
___
9 a 37 b 26 c 2−1 12 Yes, table sides are √1.4 = 1.18 metres
d 40 or 118 cm long. Alternatively, area of
cloth = 1.44 m2 and this is greater than the
10 a 1240 b 0.765 c 0.0238 table area.
d 31.5
13 1.5 metres
11 Yes (80 × 80)
14 a 40 b 6 c 22 d 72
Chapter 2
1 a 7x b
x + 12 1 a 3x + 6 b 2x − 8
x c −2x − 6 d −9 + 6x
c 5x − 2 d 2x − __
   
3 e x2 + 3x f 2x − x2
2 a p+5 b p−4 c 4p
g −2x − 2x2 h 3x2 − 9x
x
3 $ __
a     i −4x + 10x2 j −x + 2
3
k 4x2 − 4xy l 4x −2x2
    ($ =  ___ )
x 2x 6x 2x
$ __
b    , $ ___
    and $ ___
9 9 9 3 2 a 2x2 − 4x b xy − 3x
c −2x − 2 d −3x + 2
Exercise 2.2 e −2x2 + 6x f 3x + 1
1 a 20 b 60 c 11 g x3 − 2x2 − x h x2 + x + 2
d 25 e −50 f 9 x
3 x 2 + __
a     b x2 + xy
g 75 h 100 i 9 2
x 3y
j 15 k 2 l 16 c −8x3 + 4x2 + 2x d  __  + ___
   
2 2
m 15 n 3 o 15 e 3x2 − 6x f −5x − 6x
2
p 7.5
2 a −10 b −10 c 12 Exercise 2.5
d −23 e −26 f 28 1 a x11 b y13 c 6x3
g −1000 h 8000 d 6x8 e x5y4 f 48x4
3 a 54 cm2 b 1.875 m2 g 2x3y2 h −27x12
c 110.25 cm2 d 8 cm2 2x 2
2 a  ____  b 3x2
3
Exercise 2.3 2y
c  ___  d
x −1 1  
 ____  or  ___
3 2 2x
1 a 2m + 6n
3x −2y −5 ______ 3 2 x 2z
b 6x + 2 e  ________   or   2 5  f 2x2y−3z or _____
  3 
2 2x y y
c a2 + 6a − 5
7 4x
d y2 − 5y − 2 g 7x−1 or __   x  h 4xy−1 or ___
  y 
e 3x2 − 2x + 3 x y −1 ___ x x 3
i  _____   or     j x3y−2 or ___   2 
f 4x2y − 2xy 3 3y y
g 5ab − 4ac − 3x z 3 x
5 x 5y−6
k  _______
  l  ____6  or _____
   
h 4x2 + 5x − y − 5 2 2 y 2
1   or __ 3
2 a 12xy b 8ab c x2 3 a  ___   1  b  ___3 
d −6x e −30mn f 6x2y 3 2 9 x
x 1
g 6xy3 h −4x3y i 4b c  ___  d  ___
xy 
2y
1   9m
j  ___ k 3b l ___
    1   or ________
4y 4 e  ______   1   f 16x2y2
( 8xy) 2 64 x 2y 2
20y 3x
2 2y 2
m  ____  n ____
    o  ____   x 3
3x y x 2 g y h  ___4 
y
y 2 15a 2 − 14y x 2 y 2
___
p  ___  q  _____
  r  _____
  i  ___2  j   6 
2 4 5 y x
x 27x 2 8x 7 4x 3
s  ___  t  _____
  k  ____3  l  ____2 
6y 10 9y 7y
4 a x6 b −8x9 c 16x4 2 a −6 b 24 c − 14
 ____
 
9
d x27 e −x9y18 f x12y8 2 
3 a −2 b  __ c 5
g −2x3y3 h 16x5 i 1 3
j x16y4 k
3 yx y 2 l −8x6 d 7 e −4
x 6 2 x 2 4 a 630 b 44 c 150

5 a  ___2  b 3x4y c  ____ 
y 3y d 12
5x 9
d xy10 e  ____3  f x7y 3 5 a 2y + 10 b 4y − 4
2y
c 12x − 8y d xy + 2x
50x 3 49
g  _____  h  _______   i x7y e 20x − 14y + 6z f 6x2 + 2x
27y 25x 3y
8x 10y 3 3125x y
4 2 g 2x + 7 h 4x + 18
x 16
j  _______   k  ____   l __________
    i 15x − 6y
3 y 16 16
x 8 x 5 8 6 a 9a + b b x2 + 3x − 2
6 a  ___2  b  ___4  c  _____  
y y x 5y 7 c −4a4b + 6a2b3 d −7x + 4
1   y 16 y 22
d  ___ e  ____   f  ____4  4x 5y
x 9 x 22 2x e  ___
y  f 10x2 − ___
   
2
7 a x=3 b x=5 c x=4 7 a 11x − 3 b 6x + 15x − 8
2
d x=4 e x = −5 f x = −3 c −2x2 + 5x + 12 d −x3 + 3x2 − x + 5

5x 5 1  
Review exercise 8 a  ____
  b 15 c  ___
6 x 4
1 a x + 12 b x−4 64x 9
x d 16x4y8 e  _____   f x9y8
c 5x d __
    y 15
3
x 9x 4 xy 6
e 4x f  __  g  ____3  h  ____
 
4 4y 2
g 12 − x h x3 − x
Chapter 3
Exercise 3.1 12 a x = 15° (co-int angles)
1 a obtuse, 112° b acute, 32° b x = 60° (co-int angles)
c right, 90° d reflex, 279° c x = 45° (angle STQ corr angles then VO)
e obtuse, 125° f reflex, 193° d x = 77.5° and y = 75° (co-int angles)
e x = 90° (angle ECD and angle ACD co-int
2 a i 90° ii 180° angles then angles round as point)
b 30° c 360° f x = 18° (angle DFE co-int with angle CDF
d quarter to one or 12:45 then angle BFE co-int with angle ABF,
3 No. If the acute angle is <45° it will produce then subtract DFE from BFE )
an acute or right angle.
Exercise 3.2
4 Yes. The smallest obtuse angle is .90° and
the largest is ,180°. Halving will give angles 1 a 74° (angles in triangle)
between (but not equal to) 45° and 90°, all of b 103° (angles in triangle)
which are acute. c 58° (ext angle equals sum int opps)
5 a 45° b 28° d 51° (ext angle equals sum int opps)
c (90 − x)° d x° e 21° (ext angle equals sum int opps)
6 a 135° b 90° f 68° (ext angle equals sum int opps)
c 76° d (180 − x)° g 53° (base angles isosceles)
e x° f (90 + x)° h 60° (equilateral triangle)
g (90 − x)° h (220 − 2x)° i x = 58° (base angles isosceles and angles
in triangle); y = 26° (ext angle equals sum
7 z = 65° (angles on line); y = 65° (VO); int opps)
x = 25° (comp angle to z) j x = 33° (base angles isosceles then ext
8 angle QON = 48° (85° − 37°), so a = 48° (VO) angles equals sum int opps)
9 a angle EOD = 41° (angles on line), k x = 45° (co-int angles then angles in
so x = 41° (VO) triangle)
l x = 45° (base angles isosceles);
b x = 20° (angles round point)
y = 75° (base angles isosceles)
10 angle HGB = 143° (angles on line);
2 a x = 36; so A = 36° and B = 72°
angle AGF = 143° (VO); angle BGF = 37° (VO);
angle DFG = 143° (corr angles); b x = 40; so A = 80°; B = 40° and angle
angle CFG = 37° (corr angles); ACD = 120°
angle CFE = 143° (VO); c x = 60°
angle EFD = 37° (VO) d x = 72°
11 a x = 68° (angle BFG = 68°, angles on line, e x = 60; so R = 60° and angle RTS = 120°
then alt angles) f x = 110°
b x = 85° (co-int angles); y = 72° (alt angles)
c x = 99° (co-int angles); y = 123° Exercise 3.3
(angle ABF = 123°, co-int angles then VO) 1 a square, rhombus
d x = 47° (alt angles); y = 81° (angles in b rectangle, square
triangle BEF or on st line); z = 52°
c square, rectangle
(alt angles)
d square, rectangle, rhombus, parallelogram
e x = 72° (angle BFE = 72°, then alt angles);
y = 43° (angles in triangle BCJ ) e square, rectangle
f x = 45° (angles round a point); f square, rectangle, parallelogram, rhombus
y = 90° (co-int angles) g square, rhombus, kite
h rhombus, square, kite Review exercise

i rhombus, square, kite
1 a When two parallel lines are cut by a
2 a x = 69° b x = 64° transversal, the alternate angles are
c x = 52° d x = 115° formed inside the parallel lines, on
opposite sides of the transversal
e x = 30°; 2x = 60°; 3x = 90°
b A triangle with two equal sides
f a = 44°; b = 68°; c = 44°; d = e = 68°
c A quadrilateral with two pairs of adjacent
3 A − Kite sides equal in length
B − Trapezium d A quadrilateral with four equal sides and
C − Rhombus opposite sides parallel to each other
D − Parallelogram e A many-sided shape with all sides equal
E − Square and all interior angles equal
F − Rectangle f An eight-sided shape
g The distance around the perimeter of a
Exercise 3.4 circle
h A straight line that crosses a pair of
1 a 60° b 720° c 120°
parallel lines
2 a 1080° b 1440° c 2340°
2 a x = 113°
900
____ b x = 41°
3    = 128.57°
7
c x = 89°
4 20 sides
d x = 66°
360
5 a 165.6° b  _____  = 25sides e x = 74°; y = 106°; z = 46°
14.4
f x = 38°; y = 104°
Exercise 3.5 g x = 110°; y = 124°
a circumference b diameter h x = 40°; y = 70°; z = 70°
c radius d arc
3 a x = 60 + 60 + 120 = 240°
e chord f semicircle
b x = 90 + 90 + 135 = 315°
g segment h segment
4 a i radius
i sector j tangent
ii chord
Exercise 3.6 iii diameter
b OA, OB, OC, OD
1 a Either B A D E C or B D A E C
b You can start with any of the sides and c 24.8 cm
draw the arcs in different order. d Student’s own diagram
2 Student’s own diagram 5 AB, AC and BC are radii of the circles, so
they must measure half the diameter, in other
3 Student’s own diagram
words, 4.5 cm long. Use that measurement to
4 Scalene construct the equilateral triangle.
C
5 a He’s drawn the arcs using the length of
AC instead of the lengths of the other two
given sides.
b B 4.5 cm 4.5 cm
7 cm
3 cm
A 4.5 cm B
A 8 cm C
Chapter 4
Exercise 4.1 f Stem Leaf
1 eye colour, hair colour 2 6
2 grade, height, shoe size, mass, number of 3 8

brothers/sisters 4 0245689
3 shoe size, number of brothers/sisters 5 1234444555566777899
6 013335577799
4 height, mass
7 013688
5 possible answers include: eye colour,
8 028
hair colour – observation; height, mass –
measured; grade, shoe size, number of siblings 9 1
– survey, questionnaire
Key: 2 | 6 = 26 per cent
Exercise 4.2 The actual data values are given, so you

can calculate exact mode, median and
1 Mark Tally Frequency range. You can also see the shape of the
1 | 1 distribution of the data quite clearly.
2 || 2 4 a
3 || 2 Eye colour
Brown Blue Green
4 | | | | 5 Hair colour
5 | | | | | | | | 9 Blonde 0 0 1
6 | | | | | | 7 Brown 3 0 0
Black 3 1 2
7 | | | | | 6
8 ||| 3 b Answers may vary. For example: All the
students with brown hair have brown eyes.
9 ||| 3 There are no blonde students with brown
10 || 2 eyes. Most students have black hair. And
so on, based on the data.
2 a Score 1 2 3 4 5 6 c Student’s own answer with a reason.
Frequency 5 8 7 7 7 6 5 a Stem Leaf

b The scores are fairly similar for even a low 0 1257
number of throws, so the dice is probably 1 22689
fair.
2 0349
3 a Score 0–29 30–39 40–49 50–59 3 1113579
Frequency 1 1 7 19 4 138
5 1
Score 60–69 70–79 80–100
Key: 0 | 1 = 1 car, 1 | 2 = 12 cars
Frequency 12 6 4
b 51 cars
b 10 c 2 d 26
e There are very few marks at the low and Exercise 4.3
high end of the scale.
1 a pictogram
b number of students in each year group in
a school
c 30 students 6 a Pie chart with sector sizes:

d half a stick figure A – 18°; B – 43°; C – 148°; D – 90°;
E or lower – 61°
e 225
f Year 11; 285 b 6 c 50 d C
g rounded; unlikely the year groups will all 7 a 29.6° C
be multiples of 15 b April–November
2 Student’s own chart, for example: c northern hemisphere
Time spent on social media d no
Key
Alain =1hr e 10 mm
Li f February
Zayn g There is little or no rain.
David
Review exercise
3 a The number of students in Grade 10 whose
home language is Bahasa and Chinese. 1 a survey or questionnaire
b 18 c 30 b discrete; you cannot have half a child
d The favourite sports of students in Grade c quantitative; it can be counted
10, separated by class.
d No. of
e athletics children in Tally Frequency
f athletics family
g 9 0 | | | | | | 7
4 Charts can be drawn vertically or horizontally. 1 | | | | | | | | 10
a Breakfast food chosen 2 | | | | | | | | | 11
3 | | | | | | | | | | 12
Bread
4 | | | | 5
5 | | | | 2
Hot porridge 6 | 1
e Pie chart with sector sizes:

Cereal 0 − 53°; 1 − 75°; 2 − 83°; 3 − 90°; 4 − 37°;
5 − 15°; 6 − 7°
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 f The number of families that have three or
Frequency
fewer children is five times greater than
the number of families with four or more
b Breakfast food chosen children.
2 a 10A 10B
Bread Key Leaf Stem Leaf
Grade 10 14 57
Hot porridge Grade 11 9 15 479
7665 16 1223446
Cereal
886554 17 11
7543 18 0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32
Frequency Key: 9 | 15 = 159 cm and 14 | 5 = 145 cm
5 a cars b 17% c 20 b 13
d handcarts and bicycles
c The heights in 10A are clustered more 5 a Downtown

towards the higher end, suggesting they are b $4750
taller (as a group) than the students in 10B.
c $2500
3 Student’s own pictogram d $3750
4 a Compound bar chart e 15%
b It shows how many people, out of every 6 a The value drops very quickly in the first
100, have a mobile phone and how many year. After that the value drops more
have a land line phone. steadily and slowly
c No. The figures are percentages.
b $3600
d Canada, USA and Denmark
e Germany, UK, Sweden and Italy
f Denmark
g Student’s opinion with reason
Chapter 5
Exercise 5.1 35 183 161
j  ___  k  ____  l  ____ 
6 56 20
1 1 
a  __ b   1 
__ c   1 
__
18 41  29
2 3 3 m  ___  n  ___ o  ___ 
65 40 21
d   1 
__ e   1 
__ f   1 
__
−5 − 10
4 4 8 p  ___  q  ____ r − 26
     
____
3 6 3 9
g   1 
__ h   2 
__ i __
   
5 3 4 13  43
___
 ___
s t    
3
__ 21 12
j    
8 96 7
5 a 24 b  ___  c  ___ 
2 a 33 b 300 c 25 7 96
d 65 e 168 f 55 10 10 9
d  ___  e  ___  f  ___ 
g 117 h 48 i 104 27 9 14
38 4 39
j 63 6 a  ___  b  __  c ___
   
9 5 7
19 5 215
Exercise 5.2 d  ___ 
4
e  ___ 
12
f  ____ 
72
13 25 17
1 a  ___  b  ___  c  ___  11   187
6 8 11 g 0 h  ____ i  ____
 
170 9
93 59 15
d  ___  e  ___  f ___
    7 a $525 b $375
10 5 4
59 25 28 8 a 300
g  ___  h  ___  i ___
   
4 9 3 b 450 per day × 5 days = 2250 tiles per week
− 25 2  
j  ____   9  ___
9 25
2 1  
a  ___ b   1  
___ c   2 
__
25 10 5 Exercise 5.3
9 16
d  ___  e  ___  f ___  4   1 a 50% b 67% c 16.7%
20 99 11
d 62.5% e 29.8% f 30%
30 6 15
g  ___  h ___    i ___
    g 4% h 47% i 112%
91 25 28
j 207%
9 1  3
j  ___  k  __ l  ___ 
44 2 25 1  9
2 a  __ b   4 
__ c ___
   
72 21  1  4 5 10
m  ___  n  ___ o  __ 1  49
5 4 6 d  __ e   1 
__ f ___
   
8 2 50
108 63
3 a  ____  b  ___  c 14 3
5 13 __
g     h   11 
___
5 50
28 6
d  ___  e 3 f ___
    3 a 60 kg b $24 c 150 litres
5 19
3 d 55 ml e $64 f $19.50
g 120 h  ___  i 72
14 g 258 km h 0.2 grams i $2.08
____ 233 7 j 475 m3 k $2 l 4.2 kg
j 3 k     l  __ 
50 4
4 a 40% b 2% c 54%
4 11 
a  ___ b ___
    11 c ___  4   d 40% e 31.25%
20 30 45
13 19 5 a +20% b −10% c +53.3%
d  ___  e   4  
___ f ___    
24 15 60 d +3.3% e −28.3% f +33.3%
19 16 13 g +2566.7%
g  ___  h ___
    i ___
   
21 15 24
6 a $54.72 b $945 c $32.28 4 a 1.2 × 1031 b 4.5 × 1011

d $40 236 e $98.55 f $99.68 c 3.375 × 1036 d 1.32 × 10−11
7 a $58.48 b $520 c $83.16 e 2 × 1026 f 2.67 × 105
d $19 882 e $76.93 f $45.24 g 1.2 × 102 h 2 × 10−3
i 3 × 10−8
8 28 595 tickets
5 a the Sun b 6.051 × 106
9 1800 shares
6 a 500 seconds = 5 × 102 seconds
10 $129 375
b 19 166.67 seconds = 1.92 × 104 seconds
11 21.95%
12 $15 696 Review exercise
13 $6228 1 4 
a  __ b   2 
__ c   2 
__
5 3 3
14 2.5 g 5
2 a   1 
__ b 63 c __
   
7 6 3
15 ___
    = 28%increase, so $7 more is better 13 3 31
25 ___
d     e  ___  f  ___ 
15 44 48
16 a 76 droplets 71 361 334
b 380 000 virus particles g  ___  h ____
    i  ____ 
6 16 45
3 1 
 __
Exercise 5.4 4
1 a 4.5× 104 b 8 × 105 4 a 8% b 5% c 63.33%
c 8 × 10 d 2.345 × 106 5 2.67%
e 4.19 × 106 f 3.2 × 1010
6 a 24.6 kg b 0.5 litres c $70
g 6.5 × 10−3 h 9 × 10−3
7 a 12.5% b 33.33% c 34%
i 4.5 × 10−4 j 8 × 10−7
k 6.75 × 10−3 l 4.5 × 10−10 8 $103.50
2 a 2500 b 39 000 9 $37.40

c 426 500 d 0.00001045 10 67.7%
e 0.00000915 f 0.000000001 11 a 97.5% b 0.625%
g 0.000028 h 94 000 000
12 2940 metres
i 0.00245
13 a 5.9 × 109 km
3 a 5.62 × 1021 b 6.56 × 10−17
b 5.753 × 109 km
c 1.28 × 10−14 d 1.44 × 1013
e 1.58 × 10−20 f 5.04 × 1018
g 1.98 × 1012 h 1.52 × 1017
i 2.29 × 108
Chapter 6
1 a x = 16 b x = 24 1 a 3 b 8 c 5
c x=8 d x = 54 d a e 3y f 5ab
e x=7 f x = −2 g 4xy h pq i 7ab
g x = −16 h x = −60 j xy2z k ab3 l 3xy
i x = −9 j x = −15 2 a 12(x + 4) b 2(1 + 4y)
k x = 13 l x = 15 c 4(a − 4) d 2(x − 6)
2 a x=8 b x = 15 e 4(x − 5) f 8(2a − 1)
5 g x(3 − y) h a(b + 5)
c x = − __   1 
    = −2 __ d x = −10
2 2 i 3(x − 5y) j 8(a + 3)
e x = −4 f x = −12 k 6(2x − 3) l 8xz(3y − 1)
3 a x=3 b x=4 m 3b(3a − 4c) n 2y(3x − 2z)
__ 9 1
__ o 2x(7 − 13y) p −7x2(2 + x3)
c x=     = 4     d x=4
2 2
3 a x(x + 8) b a(12 − a)
36 18 3
x = ___
e     =  ___ = 3 __
    f x=5
10 5 5 c x(9x + 4) d 2x(11 − 8x)
g x=2 h x = −5 e 2b(3ab + 4) f 18xy(1 − 2x)
3 1 
i x=4 j x = −  __  = −1 __ g 3x(2 − 3x) h 2xy2(7x − 3)
2 2
1 
11 = 5  __ i 3abc2(3c −ab) j x(4x − 7y)
x =  ___
k l x=3
2 2
k b2(3a − 4c) l 7ab(2a − 3b)
4 a x = 10 b x = −2
4 a (3 + y)(x + 4) b (y − 3)(x + 5)
8
x = − __
c   2 
    = −2 __ d 4  = 1 __
x =  __ 1 
c (a + 2b)(3 − 2a) d (2a − b)(4a − 3)
3 3 3 3
1  e (2 − y)(x + 1) f (x − 3)(x + 4)
e x=8 f =  __
x
4 g (2 − y)(9 + x) h (2b − c)(4a + 1)
g x = −4 h x = −9 i (x − 6)(3x − 5) j (x − y)(x − 2)
i x = −10 j x = −13 k (2x + 3)(3x + y) l (x − y)(4 − 3x)
20 7
k x = −34 l x = ___
    = 1 ___  Exercise 6.3
13 13
5 a x = 18 b x = 27 1   D 
m = __
k
c x = 24 d x = −44
2 c = y − mx
e x = 17 f x = 29
P+c
g x = 16 h x = 23 3 b = ______
  a 
a−c
i x = −1 j 1 
x =  __ 4 b =  ___
x 
2
5 a a=c−b b a = 2c + 3b
x = − __
k   1  l x=9
3 c+d d−c
a =  ____
c
  d a =  ____
 
16 3 b b
x =     = 1 ___ 
m ___ n x = 10
13 13 e a = bc − d (or a = −d + bc)
o x = 42 p −11
x =  ____ 1 
  = −5 __ cd − b
2 2 f a = d + bc g a =  _____
 
2
de − c e+d
a =  ____
h   i a =  ____
 
b bc
ef − d c ( f − de) m+r mq − p

a =   ____
j   k a =  ________   2 x = _____
a
  np  b x =  ______
n 
bc b
d(e − c) d 3 a 4(x − 2) b 3(4x − y)
l a =  ________   m a =  __
c  + b
b c −2(x + 2) d 3x( y − 8)
c
n a = __     − 2b e 7xy(2xy + 1) f (x − y)(2 + x)
d
g (4 + 3x)(x − 3) h 4x(x + y)(x − 2)
6 a w = __   P  − l b w = 35.5 cm
2 4 a 4(x − 7) = 4x − 28
C b 2x(x + 9) = 2x2 + 18x
7 a r = ___     b 9 cm c 46 cm
2π c 4x(4x + 3y) = 16x2 + 12xy
8 2A  − a; b = 3.8 cm
b =  ___ d 19x(x + 2y) = 19x2 + 38xy
h
Review exercise
1 a x = −3 b x = −6
c x=9 d x = −6
e x=2 f x = −13
g x = 1.5 h x=5
Exercise 7.2
Chapter 7
1 a cube
Exercise 7.1 b cuboid
1 a 120 mm b 45 cm c square-based pyramid
c 128 mm d 98 mm d octahedron
e 36.2 cm f 233 mm 2 a cuboid
2 a 15.71 metres b 43.98 cm b triangular prism
c 53.99 mm d 21.57 metres c cylinder
e 18.85 metres f 150.80 mm 3 The following are examples; there are other
g 24.38 cm h 23.00 cm possible nets.
a
3 90 metres
4 164 × 45.50 = $7462
5 9 cm each
6 about 88 cm
7 a 63π cm b 70π cm
8 a 841 mm2 b 406 m2
c 332.5 cm2 d 1.53 m2
e 186 cm2 f 399 cm2
g 150 cm2 h 59.5 cm2
i 71 cm2 j 2296 mm2
b
k 5.76 m2 l 7261.92 cm2
m 243 cm2
9 a 7853.98 mm2 b 2290.22 cm2
c 7696.90 mm2 d 18.10 m2
e 17.45 cm2
10 a 288 cm2 b 82 cm2
c 373.5 cm2 d 581.5 cm2
e 366 cm2 f 39 cm2
g 272.97 cm2 h 4000 cm2
i 5640.43 cm2
11 a 30 cm2 b 90 cm2
c 36.4 cm2 d 61.2 cm2
e 720 cm2 f 600 + 625π cm2
12 11.1 m2
13 70 mm = 7 cm
14 a 43.98 mm b 47.12 cm
c 8.38 mm
15 6671.70 km
16 a 24π cm2 b 266.67π cm2
c (81π − 162) mm2
17 61.4 cm2
c 7 a Volume = 480 cm3

Surface area = 376 cm2
b Volume = 66 m3
Surface area = 110 m2
c Volume = 4904.78 mm3
Surface area = 1901.59 mm3
8 332.5 cm3
9 a 224 m3 b 44
10 67.5π m3
d
11 Various answers – for example:
Volume (mm3) 64 000 64 000 64 000 64 000

Length (mm) 80 50 100 50
Breadth (mm) 40 64 80 80
Height (mm) 20 20 8 16
Review exercise
1 a 346.4 cm2 b 66.0 cm
2 4.55 cm
3 a 2000 mm2 b 33 000 mm2
Exercise 7.3 c 40 cm2 d 80 cm2
1 a 2.56 mm2 b 523.2 m2 e 106 cm2 f 35 cm2
c 13.5 cm2 d 402.12 mm2 g 175.93 cm2
2 a 384 cm2 b 8 cm 4 15 metres
3 a 340 cm2 b 153 000 cm2 5 243 cm2

c 4 tins 6 a cuboid B
4 a 90 000 mm3 b 60 cm3 b 14 265.48 mm3
c 20 420.35 mm3 d 1120 cm3 c student’s own diagram
e 960 cm3 f 5.76 m3 d cylinder 7539.82 mm2, cuboid 9000 mm2
g 1800 cm3 h 1.95 m3 7 64
5 a 5.28 cm3 b 33 510.32 m3 8 a 180π cm3
c 25.2 cm3 b 565.49 cm3
6 56 cm3 c Radius of base = 3 cm, so C = 6π cm
9 37.7 cm3
Chapter 8
3 9 17
1 red = ___
a    , white = ___
   , green = ___
    1 H T
10 25 50
1  H HH HT
b 30% c 1 d  __
3 T TH TT
2 a A: 0.61, B: 0.22, C: 0.11, D: 0.05, E: 0.01
3 1 
b i highly likely a  __  b  __
4 4
ii unlikely
2 a Yellow
iii highly unlikely
1 2 3
3 a 53.89%
1 1, 1 1, 2 1, 3
b 77.22% Green
2 2, 1 2, 2 2, 3
c Yes, 53.89 rounds down to 50%
3 3, 1 3, 2 3, 3
4 a red, blue 1 
b  __ c yes
2 b 9 c  __ 1  1 
d  __
5 a 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 3 3
3 1  
a  ___ b  ___ 1  
1 
b  __ 1 
c  __ d 0 36 18
2 2 1 
c  __ d __   1 
6 a 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 6 9
1   3
b i  ___
10
ii 1 iii  ___ 
10
Exercise 8.3
3 2  1 
iv  ___  v  __ vi  __ 1 a A E A
10 5 2
3 9 C CA CE CA
vii  ___  ___
viii     ix 0
10 10 N NA NE NA
2  3
7 a  __ b no sugar; probability = __
    B BA BE BA
5 5
1  1  1  R RA RE RA
8 a  __ b  __ c  __
4 2 2 R RA RE RA
7
9 a     ___ b   1 
__ 2
__
c    
4 1 
20 2 5 b  ___  c  __ d   4  
___
3 15 5 15
d  ___  e   1 
__
10 5 1 
2  __
13 6
10  ___ 
40 16 25 40
3 a  ___  b  ___  c  ___ 
11 0.73 81 81 81
5
12  __  Review exercise
8
13 a 0.16 b 0.84 c 0.6 1 a 10 000
d strawberry 63, lime 66, lemon 54, b Heads = 0.4083, Tails = 0.5917
blackberry 69, apple 48 1 
c  __
14 a 0.12 b 0.88 c 0.24 2
d could be – probability of the tails
d 2000
outcome is higher than the heads outcome
for a great many tosses
2 1 
a  __ b  __ 2  c   1  
___ d 0 4 1  
a  ___ b  __ 1  c   1 
__
2 5 10 10 2 5
9 9 1  1  1 
e  ___  f ___    g  __ 5 a  __ b  __
10 10 2 6 3
3 1  
a  ___ b  1 
7, probability is __ c 0 d __   1 
36 6 2
1 
c  __ d   1 
__
2 6
Chapter 9
Exercise 9.1 3 a {−2, −1, 0, 1, 2}
1 a 17, 19, 21 (add 2) b {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
b 121, 132, 143 (add 11) 4 a A ∪ B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
c 8, 4, 2 (divide by 2) b A ∩ B = {}
d 40, 48, 56 (add 8) 5 a {−2, −1, 0, 1, 2} b {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
e −10, −12, −14 (subtract 2)
6 a {x: x is even, x < 10}
f 2, 4, 8 (multiply by 2)
b {x: x is square numbers, x < 25}
g 11, 16, 22 (add one more each time than a, b, d, f, g, j, k
added to previous term) 7
P C
h 21, 26, 31 (add 5)
h
2 a 7, 9, 11, 13 b 37, 32, 27, 22 i
p s t, e, m, r
c   1 , __
1, __   1 , __
  1  d 5, 11, 23, 47 c
2 4 8 y
e 100, 47, 20.5, 7.25
3 a 5, 7, 9 35th term = 73
l, n, o, q, u, v, w, x, z
b 1, 4, 9 35th term = 1225 8 a 9 b 20
c 5, 11, 17 35th term = 209 c {c, h, i, s, y} d {c, e, h, i, m, p, r, s, t, y}
d 0, 7, 26 35th term = 42 874 A B
9 a
e 0, 2, 6 35th term = 1190
f 1, −1, −3 35th term = −67
4 a 8n − 6 b 1594
2 4 6 8 10 5
c 30 : 234 + 6 = 240, 240 ÷ 8 = 30
th
d 18th term = 138 and 19th term = 146,

so 139 is not a term
5 a 2n + 5 50th = 105 1, 3, 7, 9
b 3 − 8n 50th = −397 b i A ∩ B = {10}
c 6n − 4 50th = 296 ii 4
d (n + 1)2 50th = 2601 iii A ∪ B = {2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10}
e 1.2n + 1.1 50th = 61.1 A B
10
f n3 + 1 50th = 125 001
Exercise 9.2
3
_ _ 18 − 4 = 14 4 12 − 4 = 8
1 a
√16 , √12 , 0.090090009
_ 3 _ _
√45 , √90 , π, √ 8 
b
Exercise 9.3 4
1 a false b true c false
d true e false
2 a {}
b {1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, 18}
T-shirts tested(100) _
11 4 0.213231234 …, √2,  4π
logo flaw stitching flaw 2 , ___−3
5 a  __    , −4, 0, 25, 3.21, −2.5, 85, 0.75
3 5
b −4, 0, 25, 85
6 a A B
12 − 4 = 8 4 15 − 4 = 11
77 2, 4, 8, 10 6 3, 9
a 23 b 77
Review exercise
1, 5, 7
1 a 5n − 4 120th term = 596 b A ∩ B = {6}
b 26 − 6n 120th term = −694 c n(A ∪ B) = 7
c 3n − 1 120th term = 359 cracked wrong size
7
d −n2 120th term = −14 400
2 a 2, −1, −6, −13, −22 …
b 5, 11, 21, 35, 53 …
8−3=5 3 11 − 3 = 8
3 a
= 120 104
b n2 + 3 a 13 b 104 c 16
c 327
Chapter 10
Exercise 10.1 6 a m = 3, c = −4
1 a x −1 0 1 2 3 b m = −1, c = −1
y 4 5 6 7 8 c m=−   1 , c = 5
__
2
d m = 1, c = 0
b x −1 0 1 2 3
e m = __   1 , c = __
  1 
y 1 −1 −3 −5 −7 2 4
f 4
m =  __ , c = −2
c x −1 0 1 2 3 5
g m is undefined, c = 7
y 9 7 5 3 1
h m = −3, c = 0
d x −1 0 1 2 3 7 a y = −x b 1 x
y =  __
2
y −1 −2 −3 −4 −5 c y = 2.5 d y = −2x −1
e 1 x −1
y =  __ f y =2x + 1
e x 4 4 4 4 4 2
y −1 0 1 2 3 g x=2 h   1 x + 2
y = − __
3
(in fact, any five values of y are correct) i y = −2x j y=x+4
f x −1 0 1 2 3 k y = 3x − 2 l y=x−3
y −2 −2 −2 −2 −2 8 a x = 2, y = −6 b x = 6, y = 3
c x = −4, y = 6 d x = 10, y = 10
g x −1 0 1 2 3 −5
e x =  ___ , y = −5
y 1.5 −0.5 −2.5 −4.5 −6.5 2
h x −1 0 1 2 3 Exercise 10.2
y −1.2 −0.8 −0.4 0 0.4 1 a x2 + 5x + 6 b x2 − x − 6
c x2 + 12x + 35 d x2 + 2x − 35
i x −1 0 1 2 3 e x2 − 4x + 3 f 2x2 + x − 1
y −1 −0.5 0 0.5 1 g y2 − 9y + 14 h 6x2 − 7xy + 2y2
i 2x4 − x2 − 3 j x2 + x − 132
j x −1 0 1 2 3
y 0.5 −0.5 −1.5 −2.5 −3.5 k   1 x2
1 − __ l −3x2 + 11x − 6
4
m −12x2 + 14x − 4
2 student’s graphs of values above
2 a x2 + 8x + 16 b x2 − 6x + 9
3 y=x−2
c x2 + 10x + 25 d y2 − 4y + 4
4 a no b yes c yes
e x2 + 2xy + y2 f 4x2 − 4xy + y2
d no e no f no
3 a Length x + 40; width x − 40
g yes (horizontal lines)
b A = x2 − 1600
h yes (vertical lines)
c 1600 cm2
5 a m=1 b m = −1 c m = −1
6
d m = __
    e m=2 f m=0
7
g undefined h   1  
m = ___
16
Review exercise 6 a t 0 2 4 6
1 a   1 x
y = __ D 0 14 28 42
2
b Caroline’s distance at 7 km/h
x −1 0 1 2 3
y
y −0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 45
40
b   1 x + 3
y = __
2 35
Distance (kilometres)
x −1 0 1 2 3 30
y 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 25
c y=2 20
x −1 0 1 2 3 15
y 2 2 2 2 2 10
d y − 2x − 4 = 0 5
x
0
x −1 0 1 2 3 0 2 4 6
y 2 4 6 8 10 Time (hours)
Student’s graphs of four lines using values c y = 7x d 7

above. e i 3 hours
2 a m = −2, c = −1 ii 1 h 26 min
b m = 1, c = −6 iii 43 min
c   1 
m = 0, c = − __ f i 21 km
2 ii 17.5 km
d m = −1, c = 0
iii 5.25 km
3 a y=x−3 b y = −  __2  x +  __
1 
3 2 7 a x2 + 10x −24 b x2 − 3x − 40
4 c 4x2 + 18x + 20 d 4x2 + 12x + 9
c y = −x − 2 d y = − __    x − 3
5 8 a 14, 48 i.e.
e y = 2x −3 f y = −x + 2 (x + 6)(x + 8) = x2 + 14x + 48
g y=2 h x = −4 b 4, 24 i.e.
(x + 4)(x + 6) = x2 + 10x + 24
4 A 0, B 1, C 2, D 1, E 4
c 2, 2, 14 i.e.
5 a y = −2x − 6 b y=7 (2x + 2)(2x + 7) = 4x2 + 18x + 14
c 4  x + 4
y =  __ d x = −10
3
e y = −x f y = −3
Chapter 11
1 a 5 cm b 17 cm 1 A, C, F and G are congruent.
c 12 mm d 10 cm 2 Only 4 are possible.
e 1.09 cm f 0.45 cm
3 a Yes, angle sum of a triangle is 180°, so
g 8.49 cm h 6.11 cm third angle of each must be 60°.
2 a 55.68 mm b 14.36 cm b No. the 3 cm side is the hypotenuse of one
c 5.29 cm d 10.91 mm triangle and the side adjacent to the right
angle of the other.
e 9.85 cm f 9.33 cm
c For example:
3 a no b yes c no d yes

4 20 mm
5 44 cm 3cm
6 height = 86.60 mm, area = 4330.13 mm2

30°
7 13 metres and 15 metres 3cm
8 1562 metres
4 a 67.4° b 7 cm
Exercise 11.2 5 a Yes b 76.2 cm
1 A and C, B and D, E and F

Review exercise
2 a 2.24 cm b 6 mm
1 a Sketch of rectangle with width labelled 50
c 7.5 mm d 6.4 cm metres and length 120 metres.
e y = 6.67 cm, z = 4.8 cm b 130 metres
f x = 5.59 cm, y = 13.6 cm
2 102 = 62 + 82 ∴ triangle ABC is right-angled
g x = 9 cm, y = 24 cm (converse Pythagoras)
h x = 50 cm, y = 20 cm
3 P = 2250 mm
3 angle ABC = angle ADE (corr angle are equal)
4 a x = 3.5 cm
angle ACB = angle AED (corr angle are equal)
b x = 63°, y = 87°
angle A = angle A (common)
c x = 12 cm
∴ triangle ABC is similar to triangle ADE
5 a, b and d
4 25.5 metres
6 Reasons will vary, but here are some
suggestions.
Exercise 11.3
a True, sides will be exactly the same length
1 a Measurement 200 mm on D is incorrect, it in both rectangles.
should be 160 mm.
b True, the base and height will be equal in
b 100 mm congruent triangles, so their area will be
2 a x = 18 cm equal too.
b x = 27 cm, y = 16 cm c False, they may be congruent but you
cannot say they will be congruent as they
3 scale factor = 27 ÷ 15 = 1.8 could be differently shaped triangles with
perimeter of A = 83 cm, perimeter of B = 83 × the same area.
1.8 = 149.4 cm
d False, they could be the same type of

quadrilateral and be congruent, but they
could also be different shaped rectangles
(for example) or a square a rectangle.
7 5.63 metres
8 a 140 mm ]
68 mm
560 mm
420 mm
140 mm
b 156 mm
Chapter 12
Exercise 12.1 2 a mean = 12.8, median = 15, mode = 17,
range = 19
1 mean median mode
b mode too high, mean not reliable as range
a 6.14 6 6 is large
b 27.44 27 27 and 38
3 a Runner B has the faster mean time; they
c 13.08 13 12
also achieved the faster time, so would
d 5 5 no mode
technically be beating Runner A.
e 4.89 5 4
b A is more consistent with a range of only
f 5.22 5 6
2 seconds (B has a range of 3.8 seconds).
2a iii and vi
4 Median. The mean will be affected by the
b For example: very high value of 112 minutes and the
Different sets can still add up to the same mode has only two values, so unlikely to be
total as another set. If divided by the same statistically valid. The median is 21 minutes
number they will have the same mean. which seems reasonable given the data.
3 255
Exercise 12.3
4 15
5 a 14 metres b 8.6 metres 1 Score Frequency
c 10 metres d 10 metres 0 6
1 6
6 Need to know how many cows there are to
work out mean litres of milk produced per 2 10
cow. 3 11
7 a 40 b 111 c 2.78 d 1 4 5
8 a $20.40 b $6 c $10 5 1
d 2 (only the category B workers) 6 1
e The mean is between $20 and $40 so the Total 40
statement is true. a 2.25 b 2 c 3 d 6
9 a 32 b 38 c 38.5
2 Data set A B C
mean 3.5 46.14 4.12
Exercise 12.2
median 3 40 4.5
1 a mean = 4.3, median = 5, mode = 2 and 5.
The data is bimodal and the lower mode mode 3 and 5 40 6.5
(2) is not representative of the data. 3 a 8 years b 4 years
b mean = 3.15, median = 2, mode = 2. 288
The mean is not representative of the data c  ____ = 5.3 years d 5 years
54
because it is too high. This is because
there are some values in the data set Review exercise
that are much higher than the others.
1 a mean 6.4, median 6, mode 6, range 6
(This gives a big range, and when the
range is big, the mean is generally not b mean 2.6, median 2, mode 2, range 5
representative.) c mean 13.8, median 12.8, no mode,
c mean = 17.67, median = 17, no mode. range 11.9
There is no mode, so this cannot be 2 a 19 b 9 and 10 c 5.66
representative of the data. The mean
and median are similar, so they are both
representative of the data.
3 a mode 154, median 154, mean 145, e Given that these are rounded masses and
range 96 the mean of the given data is 61, it could
b One value is very low and that lowers the be argued that a mean of approximately
mean height. You can see from the range 60 kg is accurate enough, but given that
that the data is spread out. both the mode and the median are 61 it
would be more accurate to round 60.5
c The mode or the median as they are both
to 61 and to use that as the approximate
unaffected by very high or very low values.
mean.
You could also work out the mean of ten
values, leaving out the outlier of 60 cm 5 C – although B’s mean is bigger it has a larger
and you would get a mean of 153.5, which range. C’s smaller range suggests that its mean
is more representative of the sample data. is probably more representative.
4 a 28 kg b 61 kilograms 6 a 4.82 cm3 b 5 cm3 c 5 cm3
c 61 kg d 20
Chapter 13
Exercise 13.1
1 Student’s own diagrams
2 a 2600 metres b 230 mm
c 820 cm d 2450.809 km
e 20 mm f 0.157 metres
3 a 9080 g b 49 340 g
c 500 g d 0.068 kg
e 0.0152 kg f 2.3 tonnes
4 a 19 km 100 metres
b 9015 cm 15 cm
c 435 mm 2 mm
d 492 cm 63 cm
e 635 metres 35 metres
f 580 500 cm 500 cm
5 a 1200 mm2 b 900 mm2
c 16 420 mm2 d 370 000 m2
e 0.009441 km2 f 423 000 mm2
6 a 69 000 mm3 b 19 000 mm3
c 30 040 mm3 d 4 815 000 cm3
e 0.103 cm3 f 0.0000469 m3
g 0.455 litres h 42 250 cm3
7 220 metres
8 110 cm
9 42 cm
10 88 (round down as you cannot have part of
a box)
Exercise 13.2
1 a b
Name Time in Time out Lunch
Hours worked Daily earnings
3
Dawoot   1  past 9
__ Half past five  __  hour   1  hours
7__ $100.88
4 4 2
Nadira 8.17 a.m. 5.30 p.m.   1  hour

__ 8 h 43 min $117.24
2
John 08 23 17 50 45 min 8 h 42 min $117.02
Robyn 7.22 a.m. 4.30 p.m. 1 hour 8 h 8 min $109.39
Mari 08 08 18 30 45 min 9 h 37 min $129.34
2 6 h 25 min
3 20 min
4 a 5 h : 47 min b 10 h : 26 min 3 a 9 kg b 45 kg
c 12 h : 12 min d 14 h : 30 min c i 20 kg ii 35 kg iii 145 lb
5 a 09 00 b 1 hour c 10 05
d 30 minutes Exercise 13.5
e It would arrive late at East Place at 10 54 1 a US$1 = ¥115.76 b £1 = NZ$1.97
and at West Lane at 11 19. c €1 = IR84.25 d Can$1 = €0.71
e ¥1 = £0.01 f R1 = US$0.07
Exercise 13.3 2 a 3800 b 50 550 c 9650.10
1 The upper bound is ‘inexact’ so 42.5 in table
3 a 13 891.20 b 64 160 c 185 652
means ,42.5
Upper Lower Review exercise

bound bound
1 a 2700 m b 690 mm
a 42.5 41.5
c 6000 kg d 0.0235 kg
b 13 325.5 13 324.5
e 263 000 mg f 29 250 ml
c 450 350 g 0.24 litres h 1000 mm2
d 12.245 12.235 i 0.006428 km2 j 7 900 000 cm3
e 11.495 11.485 k 29 000 000 m3 l 0.168 cm3
f 2.55 2.45
2 23 min 45 s
g 395 385
3 2 h 19 min 55 s
h 1.1325 1.1315
4 1.615 metres < h , 1.625 metres
2 a 71.5 < h , 72.5
b Yes, it is less than 72.5 (although it 5 a No, that is lower than the lower bound
would be impossible to measure to that of 45.
accuracy). b Yes, that is within the bounds.
6 a
conversion graph showing litres against
Exercise 13.4 gallons (conversion factor)
1 a 1 cm per 100 000 rupiah b i 45 litres ii 112.5 litres
c i ≈3.3 gallons ii ≈26.7 gallons
b i 525 000 rupiah
d i 48.3 km/g and 67.62 km/g
ii 1 050 000 rupiah
ii 10.62 kilometres per litre and
iii 5 250 000 rupiah
14.87 kilometres per litre
c i Aus$38 ii Aus$304
7 €590.67
2 a Temperature in degrees C against
8 a US$1 = IR76
temperature in degrees F
b 152 000 rupees
b i 32 °F ii 50 °F iii 210 °F
c US$163.82
c Oven could be marked in Fahrenheit, but
of course she could also have experienced 9 £4046.25
a power failure or other practical problem.
d Fahrenheit scale as 50 °C is hot, not cold
Chapter 14
Exercise 14.1 2 Answers may vary within the given range.
1 a x = 3, y = 2 b x = 1, y = 2 a 9, 8 … b 10, 11 …
c x = 3, y = −1 d x = 3, y = 5 c 2, 1, 0 … d 3…6
e 300, 301 … f 0, −1, −2 …
2 a x = 2, y = 1 b x = 3, y = −1
g −3, −2, −1, … 0 h 2, 3
c x = 5, y = 2 d x = 3, y = 2
i 6, 7 … or 3, 2, 1 …
3 a A: y = −2
3 a x , −4 b x > −4
B: y = x
C: y = 3x − 6 c x > −2 d x . 10
D: y = −7x − 1 e −5 < x , 0 f −3 , x , 4
E: y = −2x + 4 g −5 , x < 17 h x < −2 or x > 3
i 1  j
x , −2 or x > 2 __ 2.7 < x < 6.3
b i x = −2, y = −2 2
ii x = 3, y = 3
4 a
iii x = 3, y = −2
x
iv x = −1, y = 6 6
v x = 2, y = 0
b
4 a x = 1, y = 3 b x = −3, y = 10
x
c x = 3, y = 1 d x = 1, y = 2 −3
e x = −1, y = −6 f x = 2, y = 3
c
5 a x = 2, y = −1 b x = 4, y = 1
x
c   2 , y = 2
x = __ d x = 4, y = −3 −5
3
e x = 2, y = 1 f x = −1, y = 4 d
6 a x = 1, y = −2 b x = 2, y = 1 x
−3
c x = 3, y = 1 d x = 5, y = 2
e x = 7, y = −4 f 1 , y = −2
x =  __ e
3
x
g x = 3, y = 2 h x = 3, y = 3
1.2 4.8
i x = 2, y = −1 j x = 5, y = 1
7 x = 70 and y = 50 f
x
8 A pack of markers is 150 grams, a notebook is
−3.5 2.8
80 grams.
9 x + y = 23; 8x − 15y = 92, x = 19 g
19 people took a class
x
−8 −3
Exercise 14.2
1 a x.9 b y , −5 h
x
c x<1 d −2 , y , 6 15 17
e −10 < x , −4 f (y + 3) > (x − 4)
i
x
3 9
Review exercise 8 a b , 15

1 a x = 2, y = 5 b x = 4, y = 2
b
c x = 0.5, y = 1.5 d   1 
x = 1, y = − __ 15
2
2 x = 2 and y = −6 b L < 15
3 x = 1, y = −1
4 x = 31 and y = 7 L
11
5 Melon costs $2.60 and peach costs $0.35
c p , 500
6 a A: y = −2x + 6; B: y = −x + 5

b x = 1 and y = 4
p
c 4 = −2(1) + 6 = −2 + 6 = 4 and 1 + 4 = 5 500
7 10 cm d 1200 < p < 1500

p
1200 1500
e 180 < u , 250

u
180 250
f 60 < m , 75

m
60 75
Chapter 15
Exercise 15.1
1 1 cm 0.5 cm 0.5 cm
0.5 cm
0.5 cm 0.4 cm
2 3.3 cm
2.1 cm
5.4 cm 5.4 cm
5.4 cm
3.3 cm
3 a i 100 mm ii 200 mm
iii 250 mm iv 125 mm
b 1 : 200
4 a 16 metres b 10 metres
c 12.4 metres d 2 metres
5 13 mm or 1.3 cm
6 0.32 mm
Exercise 15.2
1 a B
b i 115° ± 1° ii 333° ± 1°
c 022° ± 1°
2 329° ± 1°
3 a 200 metres b 037° ± 1°
4 6 km
Exercise 15.3
1 Triangle Hypotenuse Opposite u Adjacent u
ABC AB BC AC
DEF DF EF DE
XYZ XZ XY YZ
2 a b c d e f
i sin u 0.6 0.385 0.814 0.96 0.471 0.6
ii cos u 0.8 0.923 0.581 0.28 0.882 0.8
iii tan u 0.75 0.417 1.400 3.429 0.533 0.75
3 a 0.743 b 0.978 c 2.605 2

d 0.416 e 0.839 f 0.839
g 0.185 h 0.993
(v)
4 a 5.75 cm b 26.26 mm
(i)
c 7.27 metres d 7.56 cm N
e 61.44 cm f 7.47 metres
5 a 32° b 12° c 44° control tower
(iv) (ii)
d 39° e 73° f 50°
6 a 36.9° b 23.2° c 45.6°
d 66.0° e 68.0° f 9.6°
Exercise 15.4
1 a 15.08 metres b 30.16 cm (iii)
2 6.06 metres 200 km
3 16.62 cm
3 a 150° b 160°
4 52.43 km
4 a 0.8 b 0.6 c   4 or 1.33
__
5 a 1689 metres b 975 metres 3
d 0.8 e 0.8 f 0.75
Review exercise 5 a x = 14.43 cm b x = 13.44 cm
1 Lines drawn accurately to the following c x = 14.41 cm d x = 51.82 cm
lengths: e x = 12.49 cm f x = 43.34°
a 1 cm b 2 cm c 3.4 cm g x = 36.03° h x = 58.67°
d 1.4 cm e 3.6 cm f 1.8 cm
6 185.41 metres
7 a 64.2° b 4.36 metres
8 4.71 metres
Chapter 16
Exercise 16.1 Review exercise
1 a
A strong negative correlation. The more 1 aThe number of accidents at different
hours of watching TV, the lower the test speeds
score. b average speed
b A strong positive correlation. The longer answers to (c) depend on student’s best fit line
the length of arm, the higher the bowling
speed. c i ≈35 accidents
c Zero correlation. The month of birth has ii ,45 km/h
no effect on mass. d strong positive
d A strong negative correlation. The more e There are more accidents when vehicles
someone sits during the day (eg the less are travelling at a higher average speed.
active they are), the less the length of life. 2 a There is a strong negative correlation at
e A moderate positive correlation. Usually first, but this becomes weaker as the cars
the taller one is, the bigger the shoe size. get older.
2 a Student’s own line (line should go close to b 0−2 years
(160, 4.5) and (175, 5.5)) c it stabilises around the $6000 level
Answers (b) and (c) depend on student’s d ≈3 years
best fit line
e $5000 – $9000. This is not very reliable
b
≈4.80 metres as there is limited data from only one
c i Between 175 cm and 185 cm dealership.
ii This is not a reliable prediction
because 6.07 metres is beyond the
range of the given data.
d Moderately positive
e Taller athletes can jump further
3 a
y
10
9
8
7
6
Rating 5
4
3
2
1
0
0 1 2 3x
Price ($)
b Weak positive
c Answers will vary. Reasons should include
that for prices above $2 dollars, all of the
taste ratings are six or higher, but also
that two of the cheaper ones are also rated
highly.
Unit 5
Chapter 17
1 $19.26 1 a 12 h b 40 h c   1  h
25 __
2
2 $25 560 2 a $1190 b $1386 c $1232
3 a $930.75 b $1083.75 3 a $62 808 b $4149.02
c $765 d $1179.38
4 a Student’s own graph showing values:
4 $1203.40
Years Simple interest Compound interest
5 $542.75
1 300 300
6 a $625 b $25 c $506.50
5 1500 1592.74
10 3000 3439.16
Exercise 17.2
1 a $7.50 b $160 c $210 A comment such as, the amount of
compound interest increases faster than
d $448 e $343.75
the simple interest
2 5 years
5 $862.50
3 2.8%
6 $3360
4 $2800 more
7 a $1335, $2225
5 $2281 more b $1950, $3250
6 a $7.50 b $187.73 c $225.75 c $18 000, $30 000
d $574.55 e $346.08 8 a $4818 b 120%
7 $562.75 9 $425
8 a $2000 b $9000 10 $211.20
11 $43.36 (each)
Exercise 17.3
12 $204
1 a $144 b $264.50
c $245.65 d $400
2 $1080
3 $387.20
4 $64.41
5 a $179.10 b $40.04 c $963.90
Chapter 18
Exercise 18.1
1 a x −6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
y −33 −22 −13 −6 −1 2 3 2 −1 −6 −13 −22 −33
b x −6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
y 50 37 26 17 10 5 2 1 2 5 10 17 26
c x −6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
y 4 1 0 1 4 9 16 25 36 49 64 81 100
y b y
100
8 (0, 8)
90 y = 3x2 + 6x + 3
80
70
60
(b) 50
40 (−2, 0) (0, 2)
x
30 −2 0 2
20
y = −2x2 + 8
10
(c) c y
0
−6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5 6x
−10
−20
−30
(a)
−40
2
2 a D b B c A d C x
y 0
3 a 1.5
1.0
0.5   1 x 2 + 2
y = __
2
x
4 a 8 metres b 2 seconds
−3.0 −2.5 −2.0 −1.5 −1.0 −0.5 0 0.5
−0.5 c 6 metres d just short of 4 seconds
e 3 seconds
−1.0
−1.5
−2.0
y = x2 + 3x
5 a y = 2x2 + 3
b x −10 −5 0 5 10
y 203 53 3 53 203
c y
250
200
150
100
50
−10 −5 0 5 10 x
d As the temperature increases from 0 °C,

so does the price and as the temperature
decreases from 0 °C, so does the price.
e 7 °C or −7 °C
Exercise 18.2
1 a x −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5
 2
y = __
x  −0.4 −0.5 −0.67 −1 −2 2 1 0.67 0.5 0.4
x
0
b x −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5
−1 
y =  ___ 0.2 0.25 0.33 0.5 1 −1 −0.5 −0.33 −0.25 −0.2
x
y
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
−5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5x
−0.2
−0.4
−0.6
−0.8
−1.0
c x −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5
y=1 −0.2 −0.25 −0.33 −0.5 −1 1 0.5 0.33 0.25 0.2

y
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
−5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5x
−0.2
−0.4
−0.6
−0.8
−1.0
d x −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5
y=1 0.4 0.5 0.67 1 2 −2 −1 −0.67 −0.5 −0.4

y
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
−5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5x
−0.5
−1.0
−1.5
−2.0
2 a length 1 2 3 4 6 8 12 24
width 24 12 8 6 4 3 2 1
b 24
22
20
18
16
Width (m)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Length (m)
c The curve represents all the possible

measurements for the rectangle with an
area of 24 m2
d ≈3.4 metres
Exercise 18.3
1 a x = 1, x = 3
b x = 0, x = 4
c x = 4.2, x = −0.2
2 a y
8
y = x2 − 4x − 5
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
−7 −6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9x
−1
−2
−3
−4
−5
−6
−7
−8
−9
−10
b i x = −1 or x = 5
ii x = 1 or x = 3
iii x = −0.5 or x = 4.5
3 a y b y
14 5
y = x2 − x − 6
13
12 4
11
10 3
9
8
2
7 (iii) y = 6
6
5 1
4
3
−3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 x
2
(ii) y = 0
1 x −1
0
−4 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5
−2
−2
−3
−4 c y
−5 40
(i) y = −6
−6
−7 20
−8
b i x = 0 or x = 1 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4x
ii x = −2 or x = 3 −20
iii x = −3 or x = 4 −40
Review exercise 3 a
A is y = x2 + 2x − 8 because the
coefficient of x2 is positive and so the
9
1 a y = x2 − 4 b y =  __
x 
graph is ∪-shaped.
4  B is y = −x2 + 2x + 8 because the
y = − __
c   x d y = −x2 + 9
coefficient of x2 is negative and so the
2 a y graph is ∩-shaped.
5
b i x = −4 or x = 2
4 ii x = −2 or x = 4
3 iii x = −3 or x = 1
iv x=1
2
v x = −1.5 or x = 3.5
1
−1.5 −1.0 −0.5 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 x

−1
−2
Chapter 19
1 a C = 1, A = 1, M = 1, B = 1, R = 0, I = 2, 1 Working and reasoning may vary but size of
D = 1, G = 0, E = 1 angle should be as given below. Students must
b I = 2, all other letters have no rotational show their working and valid reasoning using
symmetry. statements that demonstrate knowledge of
angle properties and relationships.
2 a A B
a 40° b 22° c 45°
d 40° e 122° f 64°
2 100°
C D 3 54°
4 w = 90°, tangent meets radius
x = 53°, angles on a straight line
y = 90°, angle in a semi-circle
z = 53°, angles in a triangle
E F
Review exercise
1 a i 1 ii none
b i 1 ii none
G
c i 4 ii 4
d i 8 ii 8
e i 1 ii none
H has no line symmetry
2 a = b = 28°, c = 56°, d = e = 34°
b A = 0, B = 3, C = 4, D = 4, E = 5,
F = 2, G = 2, H = 2
3 a 2, student’s diagram
b 2
4 Student’s own diagram but as an example:
Chapter 20
Exercise 20.1 b A is 6 metres (6000 mm acceptable)
1 a 4:5 b 3:4 c 6:1 B is 12 metres (12 000 mm acceptable)
d 5 : 14 e 9 : 40 f 7:8 C is 15.75 metres (15 750 mm acceptable)
g 1:5 h 1 : 20 i 1:4 8 a 4:1 b 14.8 cm
j 6:5 k 1 : 15 c 120 mm or 12 cm
2 a x=9 b x=4
c x = 16 d x=3 Exercise 20.3
e x=4 f x = 1.14 1 25.6 litres
g x = 1.875 h x = 2.67 2 11.5 kilometre per litre
i x=7 j x = 13.33 3 a 78.4 km/h
k x = 2.4 l x = 0.16 b 520 km/h
3 $7200 and $4800 c 240 km/h (or 4 km/minute)
4 100 and 250 4 a 5h b 9 h 28 min
5 60 cm and 100 cm c 40 h d 4.29 min
6 a 20 ml oil and 30 ml vinegar 5 a 150 km b 300 km
b 240 ml oil and 360 ml vinegar c 3.75 km d 18 km
c 300 ml oil and 450 ml vinegar 6 167 seconds or 2.78 minutes
7 60°, 30° and 90° 14500
______
7    = 20 g/cm3
725
8 810 mg
Exercise 20.4
Exercise 20.2
1 a i 100 km
1 a 1 : 2.25 b 1 : 3.25 c 1 : 1.8 ii 200 km
2 a 1.5 : 1 b 5:1 c 5:1 iii 300 km
3 240 km b 100 km/h c vehicle stopped
4 30 metres d 250 km e 125 km/h
5 a 5 cm 2a 2 hours
b 3.5 cm b 190 min = 3 h 10 min
6 a It means one unit on the map is equivalent c 120 km/h
to 700 000 of the same units in reality. d i 120 km
b ii 80 km
e 48 km/h
Map
distance 10 71 50 80 1714 2143 f 40 min
(mm) g 50 min
Actual h 53.3 − 48 = 5.3 km/h
distance 7 50 35 56 1200 1500 i Pam 12 noon, Dabilo 11.30 a.m.
(km)
7 a A is 8 mm
B is 16 mm
C is 21 mm
3 a y Ani’s distance from the classroom Review exercise

35
30
1 a 14 : 19 b 1 : 500 c 1:8
25 2 a 420 and 180 b 350 and 250
Distance (m)
20 c 210 and 390 d 300 and 300

15
3 a 1 spadeful b 0.5 bags
10
c 0.375 wheelbarrows full
5
4 a 90 mm, 150 mm and 120 mm
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 x b Yes, (150)2 = (90)2 + (120)2
Time (s)
5 5 cm
b 2.5 m/s
6 1 : 50
c 64 metres
d 1.28 m/s 7 a 10.10 m/s b 36.36 km/h
8 a i 85 km
Exercise 20.5 ii 382.5 km
1 a Yes, __   1  
  A  = ____ iii 21.25 km
B 150 b i 0.35 h
8
b No,  ___ is not = __  1  ii 4.7 h
15 2
A 10 iii 1.18 h
c Yes,  __  = ___    
B 1 9 a 150 km b after 2 hours for 1 hour
2 a $175 b $250 c 100 km/h d 100 km/h
3 $12.50 e 500 km
4 60 metres 10 4.5 min
5 a 75 km b 375 km 11 187.5 g
c 3 h 20 min
6 a 15 litres b 540 km
7 a inversely proportional
b i 1  days
2  __ ii   1  day
__
2 2
8 a 12 days b 5 days
9 5 h 30 min
10 1200 km/h
Chapter 21
1 a 9 b 26 c 134 1 10
d 8 e 6 f 2 2 4
g 7 and 2 h 40 and 60
3 4
2 9 cm
4 Nathi has $67 and Faisal has $83
3 a x−4 b P = 4x − 8
5 55
c A = x2 − 4x
6 $40 and $20
5x + 2
4 a S = 5x + 2 M =  ______
b  
3 7 a P = 4x + 2
5a P = 3x + 12 b length = 27 mm, width = 22 mm
b i 11 cm, 15 cm and 19 cm 8 144 km
ii 3.75 cm, 7.75 cm and 11.75 cm
9 Pam = 11, Amira = 22
6 a x + 1, x + 2 b S = 3x + 3
10 4.00 p.m.
7 a x+2 b x−3
11 80 km
c S = 3x − 1
8 14
9 width = 13 cm, length = 39 cm
10 a 2x + 5 = 2 − x b x = −1
11 80 silver cars, 8 red cars
12 father = 35, mother = 33 and Nadira = 10
Chapter 22
Exercise 22.1 5 10
y
1 A9 B9 8 A
B C D 6
(a) B''
4
C''
2
A D9 C9
D D0 C0 x
−10 −8 −6 −4 −2 0 2 4 6 8 10
−2
(b) C
−4
B
−6
A0 B0 A''
D''
−8
2 A9 −10
y
8 6 A: centre (0, 2), scale factor 2
I0 J0
A (a) B: centre (2, 0), scale factor 2
6 (c) (ii)
B9 C94 H0 C: centre (−4, −7), scale factor 2
K0
2 I9 J9  1 
D: centre (9, −5), scale factor __
B C F9 4
G9 (b) (c) (i) x 7 a i
−10 −8 −6 −4 −2 0 2 4 6K9 8
D9 E9 −2 H
I
D E −4
K A'
−6 J
G F −8
A
3 y
8
A
P9 6 P X
B
4
(b i) Q9 Q
C S9 2 S
b i
P99 R9 R x
−8 −6 −4 −2 0 2 4 6 8
−2 A9 B'
(b ii) Q99
−4 (a) B9
S99
R99 B
−6
C9
−8 X
4 A: y = 5
c
B: x = 0
C: y = −1.5 C'
D: x = −6
C
d i 8 a y
A' A
7
6
5
4
D' D 3
B' C' C B
2
1
x
−5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5
−2
B'' C'' −3
−4
−5
a ii
−6
A A'' −7
A'' b rotation 180° about (0, 0)

9 a y
X
10
b ii 8
6
C C B
C'' 4
A
2
x
−4 −2 0 2 4 6 8
c ii
−2
B −4
B''
X
b enlargement scale factor 2, using (8, −1)
as centre
d ii Review exercise
1 a i reflect in the line x = −1
D
ii rotate 90° clockwise about the origin
D''
iii reflect in the line y = −1
b i rotate 90° anti-clockwise about (0, 0)
then translate ( − 2)

−1
ii reflect in the line y = −1 then
translate (− 8 )

0
iii rotate 180° about origin then
translate (6 )
0
iv reflect in the line x = 0 ( y-axis) then
translate (  0 )

−2
2 y 4 a&b y
14
7 D99 C99
6
12
5
4 D'
3 G' 10
2
1 E' D9
x 8 C9
F'
−5 −4 −3 −2 −10 1 2 3 4 5
6
−2 G F
−3
G'' D C
−4 D F'' 4
E
−5
−6 2 B9
−7 A A9 B
A99 B99
D'' E''
−4 −2 0 2 4 6 8x
3 y −2
10 (d)
B'''8 c 1:2 d 4:1
B''''
B' A''' B
(c) A'''' 6
4
(a) A' C''' C''''
C
2
D''' D'''' A''
C'
x
−10 −8 −6 D'−4 −2D'' 2 4 6 8 10
−2 (b) B''
−4
C''
−6
−8
−10
a B9 (−6, 6) b B9 (6, −2)
c B9 (−1, 8) d B9 (3, 9)
Chapter 23
Exercise 23.1 3 a Traffic light Pedestrian crossing
1 Card Coin 2 Stop

9
H Green
R 3 7
T 4 9 Not stop
H
Y
T
H
G 1 2 Stop
T 4 9
H Not green
B 7
T 9 Not stop
2 G 1   7
1 b  ___ c  ___ 
H 18 12
A
2
B Exercise 23.3
C
3 1
D
E Even M3
4
F
Exercise 23.2 2, 4, 8, 10
6
3, 9
12
1 a 1 H
1 2
2 Blue
1
T 1
2 2 H 1, 5, 7, 11
1 1 H 1
3 2
2 T
Yellow 1
1 2 H 1 
a  __ 2 
b  __ c 1 
 __ d 1 
 __
2 T
1
1
H
1 T 2 3 6 3
2 2
6 Black
1 2 a B S
2 T
1  5
b  __ c   1  
___ d  ___ 
4 12 12
2 a 1 H 9 24 23
2
1 H
2 1
2 T
H 1
1 1 2
H
2 2 T
1
T 19
2
1 H 8
1 1 H
2
b i   24  = ___
P(both) = ___    
2 2 1
T
75 25
2
T 19
1
1
2
H ii P(neither) = ___    
2 T 75
1
T 56
2
iii P(at least one) =  ___ 
75
1 
b  __ c   1 
__ 1 
d  __
8 2 2
e 0, not possible on three coin tosses
Review exercise 3 a D H
1 a &b 1
2 H
1 H 1
2 2 T
1 1
1 1 2 H
6 2 T 3 3 2
1 H
1 T
2 2
1 2
6 1
2 T 1
H
2
1 H 1
1 2 T
6 3 2
1 2
1 H
2
3 3 4 
1
2
1
T
1 T b i  ___  ii  ___  iii  __
6 2 H 2 10 10 5
4
1
T 1 c 20% chance of getting neither.
1 2 2 H
6 1 H 1
2 2 T
5 1
1 1 2 H
6 2 T
1 H
1 T
2 2
6
1
2 T
1 
c  __ d   1  
___
8 12
2 a
W G
5 1 3
11
b i   4 
__ ii 1 
 __ iii 11 
 ___
5 4 20

IGCSE Maths 3ed Core Practice Book Answers

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CAMBRIDGE IGCSE™ MATHEMATICS: CORE PRACTICE BOOK

Exercise 1.5 j 2.79 k 7.82 l 0.21

​x​​ 6​ 2 ​x​​ 2​ 4 a 630 b 44 c 150

d x=4 e x = −5 f x = −3 c −2x2 + 5x + 12 d −x3 + 3x2 − x + 5

h rhombus, square, kite Review exercise

2 grade, height, shoe size, mass, number of 3 8

Exercise 4.2 The actual data values are given, so you

Frequency 5 8 7 7 7 6 5 a Stem Leaf

c 30 students 6 a Pie chart with sector sizes:

e Pie chart with sector sizes:

c The heights in 10A are clustered more 5 a Downtown

6 a $54.72 b $945 c $32.28 4 a 1.2 × 1031 b 4.5 × 1011

2 a 2500 b 39 000 9 $37.40

ef − d c (​ f − de)​ m+r mq − p

c 7 a Volume = 480 cm3

Volume (mm3) 64 000 64 000 64 000 64 000

2 a 384 cm2 b 8 cm 4 15 metres

3 a 340 cm2 b 153 000 cm2 5 243 cm2

d 18th term = 138 and 19th term = 146,

Student’s graphs of four lines using values c y = 7x d 7

6 height = 86.60 mm, area = 4330.13 mm2

Exercise 11.2 5 a Yes b 76.2 cm

1 A and C, B and D, E and F

d False, they could be the same type of

Nadira 8.17 a.m. 5.30 p.m. ​​ 1 ​​ hour

Upper Lower Review exercise

7 10 cm d 1200 < p < 1500

e 180 < u , 250

3 a 0.743 b 0.978 c 2.605 2

y −33 −22 −13 −6 −1 2 3 2 −1 −6 −13 −22 −33

d As the temperature increases from 0 °C,

c The curve represents all the possible

−1.5 −1.0 −0.5 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 x

3 a y Ani’s distance from the classroom Review exercise

20 c 210 and 390 d 300 and 300

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x 6 2 x 2 4 a 630 b 44 c 150

ef − d c ( f − de) m+r mq − p

Nadira 8.17 a.m. 5.30 p.m.   1  hour