F.Y.B.Tech Students’ Engineering Design and Innovation (EDAI 1) Project Paper, SEM 1 A.Y.

2023-24
Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune, INDIA.

Automated Temperature controlled Fan Using Arduino UNO and

DHT11 sensor
Rajesh Ganesh Raikwar, Harshwardhan Singh Bhogal, Om Vikas Hase, Harshvardhan
Jagdishchoudhari, Hariom Digambar Hinge, Vedant Jagdish Hatekar, Harshal Kundan Jadhav

Department of Engineering, Sciences and Humanities (DESH)

Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune, 411037, Maharashtra, India

`

Abstract —The electrical fan is an electronic
accessory used at almost every indoor
establishment. Along with the regular use of fan
comes the power consumption. To make a positive
impact in terms of electrical power consumption,
the project is an automated fan that changes speed
according to the temperature of the surrounding
environment. The heart of this project is the
Arduino UNO microcontroller. Arduino provides
and easy interface to work with sensors and other
electronic parts. This closed loop feedback control
system is dependable and effective because
Arduino UNO uses embedded technology. For the
project, the DHT11 temperature and humidity
sensor has been used.DHT11 sensor gives the real
time information about the environment’s
temperature.This project can prove useful in
corporate offices, server rooms, greenhouses, and
animal shelters.
Keywords — Arduino, DHT11, Fan, Speed,
Temperature
I. INTRODUCTION
With the regular advancements in technology the
demand of automated electronics has increased.
Microcontrollers play the role of the brain of the
system in such automated projects. The
microcontroller of choice for this project is the
Arduino UNO. Arduino is an open-source
microcontroller which can be easily programmed,
erased and reprogrammed.
This project presents the design and simulation of
the fan speed control system using PWM
technique based on the room temperature. The
room's temperature has been determined using a
temperature sensor, and the PWM technique is
used to adjust the fan's speed in response to the
measured temperature. For the fan to sense the
temperature of the room to change its speed
accordingly, a reliable heat sensor is very
important. The heat sensor used in the project will
be the DHT11 Sensor. The sensor has high
reliability and excellent long-term stability, is
quick to respond and cost effective.
Pulse width modulation, or PWM, is a digital
technique that yields analog results. Digital
control generates an on-and-off signal, also known
as a square wave. This on-off pattern can simulate
voltages between full on (5 volts) and off (0 volts)
by varying the ratio of the signal's on time to its
off time. The amount of "on time" that happens is
called the pulse width. The green lines in the
graph below stand for a regular time interval. The
PWM frequency is inversely related to the
duration or period.
 F.Y.B.Tech Students’ Engineering Design and Innovation (EDAI 1) Project Paper, SEM 1 A.Y. 2023-24
Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune, INDIA.
Fig.1 Various duty cycle PWM signals
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
1) Temperature control smart fan: model analysis
and working analysis
Authors: A. Gupta, M. Gupta and K. Markam,
2023 1st International Conference on Innovations
in High Speed Communication and Signal
Processing (IHCSP), BHOPAL, India, 2023,
The project's primary focus is on a temperature-
controlled smart fan that adjusts its speed in
accordance with the ambient temperature. Arduino
Uno is used in the project's implementation. This
closed loop feedback control system is dependable
and effective because of the usage of embedded
technology by Arduino Uno. Temperature is
detected by the LM35 temperature sensor, and the
Arduino Uno regulates the fan speed to maintain
the desired temperature. It is affordable,
dependable, and simple to use hardware.
2) Temperature based speed control of fan using
Arduino.
Authors: Shweta S Baligar, Srinidhi S Joshi,
Sujay Mudhole, Spoorti S Jadhav, Chaitanya K
Jambotkar.
Published in IJIRT VOLUME 5 ISSUE 10.
The project is a DC motor fan automated to
change temperature according to its surroundings
using the LM35 temperature sensor. The project
showed the scope in the power consumption
friendliness of such fan and how cost effective it
is.
3) Monitoring The Temperature And Humidity
Air In The Room Using A Sensor IOT-Based DHT-
11
Author: Rizki juli syahputra
Published in “JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE AND ENGINEERING
APPLICATIONS”.
Abstract: The project dives deeper into the
features of the DHT11. The project aimed to
monitor the temperature and humidity of the
surrounding environment and sent the air
monitoring results via a wifi network connection
and displayed on an android phone.
4) Automatic room temperature-controlled fan
speed controller using PT-100
Authors: Al-Mashud, Md. Abdullah & Yasmin,
Dilruba & Razzaque, M. & Uddin
Published in INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF
SCIENTEFIC AND ENGINEERING
RESEARCH
The project's goal is to create a small number of
dependable systems that can be effectively utilized
by industries or regions where modern technology
is not as well-known. Among these is the
Automatic Room Temperature Controlled Fan
Speed Controller. The technology that has been
designed offers a setting where controlling the fan
speed is not necessary for the user. automatically
adjust the fan speed based on temperature readings
from the room.
 F.Y.B.Tech Students’ Engineering Design and Innovation (EDAI 1) Project Paper, SEM 1 A.Y. 2023-24
Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune, INDIA.

The circuit was designed using electronic Hardware Setup:

components available in local market to keep the
cost at low level.  Connect the Arduino Uno to the
The system is divided into six main parts, namely, breadboard using a USB A to B cable.
the low-voltage power supply, fixed voltage  Place the DHT11 sensor on the breadboard
circuit, sensor & driver circuit, subtraction circuit, and connect its power (VCC), ground
buffer circuit and fan dimmer circuit. The sensor (GND), and data (signal) pins to the
& driver circuit consists with PT-100 temperature corresponding pins on the Arduino Uno.
sensor with associative circuits.  Connect the 2n2222 transistor to the
breadboard and wire it to control the DC
fan. Connect the collector pin to the fan's
positive terminal, the emitter to the ground,
III. METHODOLOGY and the base to a digital output pin on the
A. Materials/Components Arduino Uno through a current-limiting
 Arduino UNO resistor.
 USB A to B
Arduino code implementation:
 Breadboard
 Develop the Arduino code for the
 DHT11 sensor
temperature-controlled fan system:
 DC Fan
 Include necessary libraries such as
 2n2222 transistor "DHT.h" for DHT11 sensor and.
 Connecting wires  Initialize variables to store temperature
B. Interfacing of the DC Motor with Arduino values and set the desired temperature
UNO: threshold.
 Implement the logic to read temperature
data from the DHT11 sensor and compare
it with the desired threshold.
 If the temperature exceeds the threshold,
activate the fan by sending a signal to the
transistor through the digital pin.

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

 The implementation of the automatic
temperature sensing DC fan using Arduino
and the DHT11 sensor demonstrated
robust performance in maintaining precise
Fig2.Circuit diagram. temperature control. The following key
findings highlight the success and
effectiveness of the project:
1.Accuracy of Temperature Sensing:
The DHT11 sensor exhibited reliable and
accurate temperature measurements,
enabling the system to respond promptly to
changes in the ambient environment.
Calibration and testing procedures ensured
the sensor's precision in capturing
temperature data.
Fig3. Block diagram.
 F.Y.B.Tech Students’ Engineering Design and Innovation (EDAI 1) Project Paper, SEM 1 A.Y. 2023-24
Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune, INDIA.
2. Dynamic Fan Speed Regulation: The
Arduino microcontroller effectively
processed temperature data and executed
dynamic adjustments to the DC fan speed.
As a result, the system consistently
maintained the desired temperature range,
showcasing the adaptability and
responsiveness of the control mechanism.
3. Energy-Efficient Operation: The
intelligent fan speed modulation
contributed to a notable reduction in
energy consumption. By activating the DC
fan only when required, the system
showcased its potential for energy
conservation, aligning with modern
sustainability goals.
4. Stability and Reliability: Extensive
testing under various environmental
conditions demonstrated the stability and
reliability of the automated temperature
control system. The project proved
resilient to fluctuations, ensuring a
consistent and comfortable environment.
5. Versatility Across Applications: The
project's versatility was evident as it
successfully adapted to different settings.
Whether deployed in a residential,
commercial, or agricultural context, the
system consistently provided effective
temperature regulation without requiring
constant human intervention.
 While working on this project the group
had a newfound understanding for the
realm of automation in home appliances.
 The following table 1 depicts the results
obtained by operating the prototype model
at various different temperatures
V. CONCLUSION
The automated temperature sensing fan proves to
be power efficient and feasible in many areas. The
DC motor is controlled via PWM signals sent from
the Arduino UNO.
This fan can be used in fields such as:
i. General use at homes, offices, schools
and various indoor establishments..
ii. This fan can prove beneficial at data
centers and server rooms to keep the
equipment at an optimal temperature.
iii. Can be used in greenhouses.
iv. The fan can be used in animal shelters
where the animals can always be in a
comfortable environment.
X . ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We thank Om Vikas Hase, Hariom Digambar
Hinge, Harshvadhan Jagdishchoudhari, Vedant
Jagdish Hatekar, Harshal Kundan Jadhav,
Harshwardhan Singh Bhogal for their useful
discussions and contributions to the project.
Great gratitude toward the college for providing
us with the robotics lab facilities which were of
great help in the project.
We would also like to thank Prof. Rajesh Ganesh
Raikwar for his insight and guidance throughout
the entirety of this project.
REFERENCES
[1] MACH, Václav, Stanislav KOVÁŘ, Jan
VALOUCH a Milan ADÁMEK. Brushless DC
motor control on Arduino platform. Przeglad
Elektrotechniczny [online]. 2018, vol. 94, iss. 11, s.
105-107. [cit. 2023-12-10]. ISSN 0033-2097
[2] Hemalatha, M. C., Nagarajan, M. R., Suresh, P.,
Shankar, G. G., & Vijay, A. (2017). Brushless DC
motor controlled by using internet of things. IJSTE-
International Journal of Science Technology &
Engineering, 3(09), 373-377.
[3] Srinu, V., Mounica, P., Varalakshmi, S. K. S.,
& Teja, K. (2017). A Novel Speed Control of
Brushless DC Motor Using Arduino UNO R3 and
BOT. Asian Journal of Applied Science and
Technology (AJAST), 1(7), 10-14.
 F.Y.B.Tech Students’ Engineering Design and Innovation (EDAI 1) Project Paper, SEM 1 A.Y. 2023-24
Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune, INDIA.

[4] Al-Mashud, Md. Abdullah & Yasmin, Dilruba

& Razzaque, M. & Uddin, M.. (2015). Automatic
Room Temperature Controlled Fan Speed
Controller Using PT-100[. International Journal of
Scientific and Engineering Research. 6. 1780-1783.

[5] syahputra, Rizki. (2023). Monitoring The

Temperature And Humidity Air In The Room
Using A Sensor IOT-Based DHT-11. Journal of
Artificial Intelligence and Engineering
Applications (JAIEA). 3. 363-367.
10.59934/jaiea.v3i1.329.

[6] Louis, Leo. (2018). Working Principle of

Arduino and Using it as a Tool for Study and
Research. International Journal of Control,
Automation, Communication and Systems. 1.
10.5121/ijcacs.2016.1203.

[7] Srivastava, D., Kesarwani, A., & Dubey, S.

(2018). Measurement of Temperature and
Humidity by using Arduino Tool and
DHT11. International Research Journal of
Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 5(12), 876-
878.

[8] Yedamale, P. (2003). Brushless DC (BLDC)

motor fundamentals. Microchip Technology
Inc, 20(1), 3-15.

[9] KARDILE, BALASAHEB & AUTI,

ABHIJEET. (2023). Power and Energy Analysis of
BLDC Motors: Impact of Vibration on
Performance. 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3641712/v1.