SoS IN LIFE SCIENCE

SUBMITTED TO : SUBMITTED BY :
Dr. MANOJ KUMAR PATEL BISANTI NETAM
M.Sc. IV SEMESTER
(MICROBIOLOGY}
 INTRODUCTION

The term biotechnology is derived from a fusion of biology

and Technology.

Biotechnology is defined as the broad area of biology,

The term “ Biotechnology” was coined in the year 1919 by an

agricultural engineer Karoly Ereky, hence he is called as the father of
Biotechnology.

 which uses both the technology and the application of

living organisms & their components to develop, modify and to
produce a useful product for human welfare.
 TYPES OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

Fig-2, Agricultural biotechnology

Fig.-1

Fig-3 Fig- 4, Aquatic biotechnology

 APPLICATIONS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
APPLICATIONS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE
The use of biotechnology in the agriculture is known as Green
Biotechnology or Green Revolution.
Biotechnology has contributed a lot to be the field of agriculture and
they include : 1) Organic agriculture
2) Agro-chemical based agriculture
3) Genetically engineered crop-based agriculture
The application of biotechnology has tripled the yield & the food
supply.

Fig- 5 Fig-6 Fig- 7

Apart from the regular crop production, pest-resistant plants and
genetically modified crops are introduced to increase food production
& to feed the growing human population.

Genetically modified crops have their genes altered by inserting the

genes with desired characteristics.
 Bt cotton, Bt brinjal , golden rice are a few examples of genetically
modified crops.

APPLICATIONS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE

The recombinant DNA technology has added to the advancements in

the field of healthcare by permitting mass production of more
effective therapeutic drugs.
The drugs are mainly produced by the process of genetic engineering.
Hamelin, the genetically modified insulin, is used to treat diabetes is
produced through genetic engineering.
Biotechnology has developed gene therapy which helps in the
removal of the genetic disorders in the embryo.

Other applications of biotech, in the field of medicines and molecular

diagnosis include: ELISA, PCR

Fig- 8 Fig-9 Fig-10

TRANSGENIC ANIMALS – Transgenic animals can be defined

as those animals in which a new or altered
gene has been experimentally inserted into the genome by genetic
engineering technique.
EXAMPLE – Transgenic animals are rats,rabbits,pigs,sheeps, etc.
 APPLICATION IN AQUACULTURE
Biotechnology applications help in the improvement of quality and
quantity of fish , and other aquatic animal.
The gonadotropin – releasing hormone is introduced into the fish to
enhance breeding. This help in enhancing growth & improving their
genetic characteristics.

APPLICATION IN PRODUCTION OF ANTIBIOTICS

Biotechnology helps in the production of vaccines, antibiotics, and
artificial hormones, using plants, Genes.
Genes with desired characteristics are introduced into the plants to
Manufacture the encoded proteins.
Edible vaccines are cost – effective, can be easily stored and
administered in the body.
These are used to cure disease such as measles, hepatitis, cholera,
etc.
ADVANTAGES
 Improve health and life
span.
 Increase crop production
 Biomass production for
energy.
 Plants and Animals as
Bioreactors.
 Improved food storage
facility.
 Improved production and
health of livestock.
/ DISADVANTAGES
• Depending on developed
countries for technology &
resources.
• Increase in unemployment.
• Reduction in natural
biotechnology.
• Legal and financial
complication.
CURRENT RESEARCH
Name of research paper- Industrial biotechnology : Tools and applications

Weng Lin Tang and Huimin Zhao 1,2

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-

Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA

2 Departments of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Bioengineering, Institute for Genomic Biology,

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA

INTRODUCTION : Industrial biotechnology, also known as white biotechnology, is the

application of modern biotechnology to the sustainable production of chemicals, materials, and
fuels from renewable sources, using living cells and/or their enzymes.

Industrial biotechnology involves the use of enzymes and microorganisms to produce valuable
chemicals from renewable sources. Because of its association with reduced energy
consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and waste generation, industrial biotechnology is a
rapidly growing field. Here we highlight a variety of important tools for industrial
biotechnology, including protein engineering, metabolic engineering, synthetic biology,
systems biology, and downstream processing.

Received 18 May 2009 Revised 12 July 2009

Accepted 6 August 2009
Name of research An Overview of Biotechnological Applications in Ayurveda:
paper - Amalgamation of Modern Techniques and Science

Authors: Chauhan, Ashutosh; Semwal, Deepak K; Joshi, Sunil Kumar

Source: Current Traditional Medicine, Volume 9, Number 1, 2023, pp. 23-32(10)
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
ABSTRACT - Health systems and their trends are continually evolving with advanced research
on new tools and techniques. Since every health system has its limitations, there is a
requirement for the integration of different medical systems to better serve mankind. In this
direction, a practitioner of modern medicine should take into consideration traditional
medicine practices, while the traditional medicine practitioner should also integrate the
beneficial strategies of modern medicine. In spite of different approaches, the aim of all these
medical systems is the same, which is to serve mankind by treating various health problems.
Although traditional medicine has the potential to treat a variety of diseases, its acceptance by
the global community is less than that of modern medicine due to inadequate scientific
validation of its therapeutic benefits.

Publication date: February 1, 2023

 REFERENCES :
Researchers Weng Lin Tang1 and Huimin Zhao1,2

1 Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-

Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
2 Departments of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Bioengineering, Institute for Genomic Biology,
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA

B.D. SINGH ,BIOTECHNOLOGY Expanding Horizons, 2020

KALYANI PUBLISHERS , PRINTED IN INDIA – At Diamond Agencies Pvt . Ltd., B-125, Sec – 63,
Noida and Published by Mrs. Usha Raj Kumar for Kalyani Publishers , New Delhi-110 002

Name of research paper An Overview of Biotechnological Applications in Ayurveda:

Amalgamation of Modern Techniques and Science

Authors: Chauhan, Ashutosh; Semwal, Deepak K; Joshi, Sunil Kumar

Source: Current Traditional Medicine , Volume 9, Number 1, 2023, pp. 23-32(10)
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers