INTERPROFESSIONAL CARE AND CARING
Trustworthiness
Caring Behaviors of a Health Care Provider
Caring behaviors are crucial for health care providers as
they directly impact the well- being and satisfaction of
patients. These behaviors contribute to a positive
patient- provider relationship and help ensure that
patients receive the best possible care.
1. Empathy
- A critical component of caring behavior in
healthcare. It involves understanding and
sharing the feelings of another person,
putting oneself in their shoes, and
responding with compassion.
- Health care providers should strive to
understand and share the feelings of their
patients. This involves active listening,
recognizing emotions, and demonstrating
compassion.
2. Respect
- A foundational principle in healthcare that
underlies all aspects of patient care. When
healthcare providers demonstrate respect,
they contribute to the development of a
positive and trusting patient-provider
relationship, leading to better patient
satisfaction and outcomes.
3. Communication
- Clear and effective communication is
essential. Providers should explain medical
information in a way that patients can
understand, encourage questions, and
involve patients in decision-making about
their care.
4. Compassion
- Compassion involves a deep awareness of
and sympathy for another's suffering.
Health care providers should show kindness
and a genuine concern for their patients'
well-being.
5. Collaboration
- Health care is often a team effort. Providers
should collaborate with other healthcare
professionals to ensure comprehensive and
coordinated care for the patient.
6.
- Building trust is crucial in the patient-
provider relationship. Health care providers
should be honest, reliable, and transparent
about the patient's condition, treatment
options, and expected outcomes.
7. Advocacy
- Health care providers should advocate for
their patients' best interests, ensuring they
receive appropriate care and have their
needs met within the healthcare system.
8. Cultural Competence
- Understanding and respecting diverse
cultural backgrounds is essential for
providing quality care. Health care providers
should be culturally competent and
sensitive to the unique needs of each
patient.
9. Professionalism
- Maintaining a high level of professionalism
is important. This includes being punctual,
maintaining confidentiality, and upholding
ethical standards.
10. Comfort and Safety
- Creating a physically and emotionally safe
environment is crucial for patient well-
being. Providers should ensure that patients
feel comfortable discussing their concerns
and that the healthcare setting is conducive
to healing.
11. Patience
- Patients may be anxious, scared, or
confused. Health care providers need to
exercise patience, taking the time to
address concerns, answer questions, and
provide necessary information.
Creating a Culture of Caring in the Health Care
Profession
A culture of caring is one in which all members of the
healthcare team are committed to providing
compassionate and respectful care to patients and their
families. It is a culture where everyone feels valued and
supported, and where there is a shared commitment to
excellence.
Three Things Every Nurse Should Do To Provide a
Culture of Caring
1. Show Respect
- The American Nurses Association (ANA) says
that nurses should “respect the inherent
dignity, worth, unique attributes, and
human rights of all individuals.”
- Furthermore, nurses must “establish
relationships of trust and provide nursing
services according to need, setting aside any
bias or prejudice,” according to the ANA.
2. Stay Focused on the Patient
- Patients need to feel that they are the focus
of everyone who comes into their room.
They shouldn’t feel that medical staff are
pressed for time. Instead, they should feel
that caregivers are devoting every second of
their attention directly to that patient.
3. Show Empathy
- “Patients want empathy; they want
kindness because they are afraid. Everything
that’s happening to them is new, and they
want to feel that they are being really cared
for by people who actually care about how
they’re experiencing things within
healthcare.”
The 6C’s of Caring (Roach, 1992)
1. Compassion
- Defined as how care is facilitated through
empathy, respect and dignity also known as
intelligent kindness.
2. Competence
- Use of scientific knowledge, evidence based
and humanistic knowledge to deliver the
best care to client.
3. Conscience
- The inner sense that directs us to be more
moral, ethical and legal in our practice and
directing our actions towards social justice.
4. Confidence
- Defined as ability to trust on self-care
facilitation potential that it can be given to
others.
5. Commitment
- Obligation and maintenance of standard of
care by delivering best care and abiding to
rules and regulations set by professional
nursing bodies.
6. Comportment
- The way nurses represent themselves to
others through their attitude, dress,
appearance, communication and language
that give a sense of caring environment to
others.
Interprofessional Collaborative Practice
Occurs when healthcare providers work with people
from within their own profession, with people outside
of their profession and with patients/clients and their
families. IPC requires a climate of trust and value. This
includes:
 Using appropriate language when speaking to
other healthcare providers or patients/family
 Understanding that all healthcare providers
contribute to the team or collaborative unit.
 Showing respect and building trust among team
members.
 Introducing new members of the team in a way
that is welcoming and gives them the
information they need in order to be a
contributing member.
 Turning to colleagues for answers
 Supporting each other when mistakes are made,
and celebrating together when success is
achieved.
10 Caritas Processes
1. Embrace (Loving-Kindness)
- Sustaining humanistic-altruistic values by
practice of loving-kindness, compassion and
equanimity with self/others.
2. Inspire (Faith-Hope)
- Being authentically present, enabling
faith/hope/belief system; honoring
subjective inner, lifeworld of self/others.
3. Trust (Transpersonal)
- Being sensitive to self and others by
cultivating own spiritual practices; beyond
ego-self to transpersonal presence.
4. Nurture (Relationship)
- Developing and sustaining loving, trusting-
caring relationships.
5. Forgive (All)
 - Allowing for expression of positive and - Showing empathy, respect and being
negative feelings — authentically listening sensitive
to another person's story.
2. Presence
6. Deepen (Creative Self) - Being available, attentive listening
- Creatively problem-solving- 'solution-
seeking' through caring process; full use of 3. Commitment
self and artistry of caring-healing practices - Being devoted to work, patient and
via use of all ways of persevering
knowing/being/doing/becoming.
4. Confidence
7. Balance (Learning) - Encouraging and motivating, instilling faith
- Engaging in transpersonal teaching and and hope, creating positive learning
learning within context of caring environment.
relationship; staying within other's frame of
reference; shift toward coaching model for 5. Competence
expanded health/wellness. - Knowledgeable, good communication skills,
and facilitative.
8. Co-Create (Caritas Field)
- Creating a healing environment at all levels; 6. Guidance
subtle environment for energetic authentic - Giving advice, monitor progress of students
caring presence. and follows through, strict but firm, being a
parent and advocate.
9. Minister (Humanity)
- Reverentially assisting with basic needs as 7. Conscience
sacred acts, touching mind, body, spirit of - Fair and objective, honest, responsible,
other; sustaining human dignity. nonjudgemental

10. Open (Infinity) Watson’s Theory of Human Caring

- Opening to spiritual, mystery, unknowns —
allowing for miracles.
Evidence Based Reasearch
Caring is a process of doing, relating, supporting and
facilitating people who need assistance and attention
characterized by a sense of compassion, commitment,
confidence, competence, guidance, concern, and
presence (Baua, 2010).
The phenomenon of “caring between” educators and
students is manifested by compassion, concern,
presence, guidance, confidence, commitment,
competence and conscience. (Baua, 2015).
Caring transpires in the teaching learning process of
nursing where nurse educators utilize PBL tutorial
sessions as teaching occasions for caring moments
(Baua, 2015) with students.
Caring Behaviors Between Teachers and Students of
Nursing (Baua, 2011)
1. Concern
 Developed between 1975-1979
 Connections between human caring, healing
and peace in the world
 Nurses as “caritas peacemakers” – practice
human caring for self and others
 Caring is described as a moral imperative having
a service identity (Smith and Liehr, 2018)
 “Caring is a global ontology of relation”
(Watson, 1979)
– Way of being
– Commitment
– Intentionality
– Consciousness
 Dr. Jean Watson's caring theory consists of three
major elements:
1. Carative Factor
o These refer to caring processes that
helps the person attain and/or
maintain health or a peaceful death.
o Later termed CARITAS processes
(Watson, 2008)
o These are the specific actions
nurses do or manifest that reflect
and embody the carative factors.
2. Transpersonal Caring Relationship
o Encompasses the interaction
between the nurse and the patient
in a given moment.
o The nurse in particular goes beyond
assessment but shows concern in
order for the patient to find
meaning in the health care
situation.
o GOAL: protect, enhance, preserve
human dignity, humanity,
wholeness and inner harmony.

3. Caring Occasion for Moment

o Any face-to-face interaction
between the nurse and patient
where HUMAN CARING is created.
o HUMAN to HUMAN transaction
o Both parties are influenced by the
actions and choices within the
relationship.