Professional Documents
Culture Documents
of
By
1.1.2 Hazard Identification & Risk Assessment (HIRA) for Integrated Cement Project
Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis (HIRA) is a collective term that encompasses all activities
involved in identifying hazards and evaluating risk at facilities, throughout their life cycle, to make
certain that risk to employees, the public, or the environment are consistently controlled within the
organization’s risk tolerance. These studies typically address three main risk questions to a level of
detail commensurate with analysis objectives, life cycle stage, available information and resources.
A thorough Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis, or risk system is the core element in the RBPS
pillar of understanding hazards and risk. The cement manufacturing industry is labor intensive.
Cement industries experiences risk of a number of hazards inherent to the cement production
process. The possible area, places, type of likely hazards identified are as under in Table - 1.
Table - 1
The possible area, places, type of likely hazards identified
Department / Location Activity Hazards / Impact
Mines Mining Inundation / Sudden in rush of water
Table - 2
Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA) and Safety measures to be adopted at Cement Plant
S. No. Possible Hazard Cause of Hazard Safety Measures
1. Exposure to High Temperature Carelessness during working • Shielding surfaces where workers
• Handling of hot raw meal hours, Damage of proximity and close contact with hot
(Powdered limestone, equipment/tools equipment is expected,
laterite additives etc. • Using personal protective equipment
heated in a pre-heater (PPE), as needed (e.g. insulated gloves
cyclone). and safety helmet & safety shoes);
• Handling of hot clinker. • Water arrangement at site;
• Operation & maintenance • Minimizing the work time required in high
of kiln or other hot temperature environments by
equipment implementing shorter shifts at these
locations.
2. Physical Hazards
• Falling / impact with • Slips, Trips and fall. • It will be personally ensured that the
objects. • Contact with falling / equipment’s with moving parts are de-
• Hot Surface burns moving objects and energized, isolated and locked/tagged
• Transportation Lifting/ over exertion. out.
• Work permit for work at height
1) Earthquake • Construction of buildings as per IS 1893 Part 4:2005 Criteria for Earthquake
Resistant Design of Structures (Industrial Structures Including Stack-Like
Structures) and IS 13920:1993 Ductile Detailing of Reinforced Concrete
Structures Subjected to Seismic Forces to minimize the risk of Seismic loads.
• Identification and Constitution of Emergency Response Team.
• Equipping the Control Centers with Communication facilities, emergency
vehicles, emergency contact and supplies, etc.
• Assembling of persons at emergency assembly points will be ensured during
emergency
Injury leading to Use appropriate PPE's (Face shield & fire proximity suit).
Removal of Flush / Emission of
Permanent disability, - 3 2 6 Maintain proper draught.
coating at kiln hot material
Loss of body parts, Burns
Definition
A major emergency in a work is one, which has the potential to cause serious injury or loss of life. It
may cause extensive damage to property and serious disruption both inside and outside the work.
It would require the assistance of emergency services to handle it in effective manner.
Scope
The aim of hazard control and disaster management is concerned with preventing accidents
through good design, operation, maintenance and inspection, by which it is possible to reduce the
risk of an accident, but it is not possible to eliminate it. Since, absolute safety is not achievable; an
essential part of major hazard control must also include mitigating the effects of a major accident.
An important aspect of mitigation is emergency planning, i.e., identifying accidents as soon as
possible, evaluating the consequences of such accidents and deciding on the emergency
procedures, both on-site and off-site, that would need to be adapted in the event of an emergency.
Objective
The objectives of the emergency plan will be:
a) To protect plant personnel and general public.
b) To prevent and minimize damage to property and to the environment.
c) To help persons at site in a systematic manner meeting a disaster situation.
d) To restore the affected areas back to normal as soon as possible.
e) To review accident after it has occurred and to evaluate company’s efforts in order to improve
emergency management response in the future.
Auxiliary Team Leader (ATL) Combat Team Leader (CTL) Rescue Team Leader (RTL)
(Personnel / HR/ PR) (Operation / Maintenance) (Medical Fire and Security)
All applicable duties for silent hours / enumerated earlier will apply.
In-charge of the affected area will handle the situation with the available manpower and
services, till the designated authorities of emergency organization reach the emergency site.
Shift In-charge (SHE) Shift In charge (Med.) & Shift In charge (Security) &
Shift Staff Shift Staff Shift Staff
Table - 4
List of Extinguishers to be used as Site specific
First Aid
A first aid center with adequate facilities will be provided. It will be maintained round the clock by a
compounder cum dresser and a doctor. An auxiliary first aid squad will be identified, the members
of which will be spread in each shift in different departments. In the event of an emergency this
squad will augment medical services. An Ambulance which will be available with plant will also be
used at site to carry affected people to hospital. Assistance of these hospitals will be taken in case
of any necessity.
Safety
The safety wing led by a Safety officer will meet the requirement of emergencies round the clock.
The required safety appliances will be distributed at different locations of the plant to meet any
eventualities. Poster/placards reflecting safety awareness will be placed at different locations in the
plant area.
Emergency Drills
The emergency response plans and emergency preparedness level would be tested through the
following drills:
a. Table-top exercise (TTE)
b. Functional exercise (FE)
c. Full-scale exercise (FSE)
All elements/procedures of the On-Site Emergency Plan would be first tested through TTE and
perfected to the extent possible. The Plan then would be modified/ updated. Functional Exercises
basically to ensure proper functioning of various equipment such as the fire-fighting equipment and
the fire hydrant system. The Full-Scale Drill would be conducted to know the level of preparedness
of all teams. Initially, TTE and FE would be conducted periodically.
The following drills will be conducted periodically:
a. Plant Emergency Drill for fire
b. Fire Drills at offices and admin building
c. Plant Emergency Drills (fire scenario involving evacuation)
Apart from this, all the employees will be provided with helmets and safety shoes. It will be
statutory on the part of the company employees to wear the appropriate safety gear given while
attending duty in the factory.
The off-site emergency plan is vital part of any hazard control system. It is based on those accidents
identified by the works management, which could affect people and the environment outside the
works. Thus, the off-site plan follows logically from the analysis that took place to provide the basis
for the on-site plan and the two plans therefore complement each other. The roles of the various
parties that may be involved in the implementation of an off-site plan are described below. The
responsibility for the off-site plan will be likely to rest either with the works management or with
the local authority. The plan must identify an emergency coordinating officer who would take
overall command of the off-site activities. Consideration of evacuation may include the following
factors:
In the case of a major fire but without explosion risk (e.g. an oil storage tank), houses close to
the fire are likely to need evacuation
If fire is escalating very fast it is necessary to evacuate people nearby as soon as possible.
In acute emergency people are advised to stay indoors and shield themselves from the fire.
Organization
Organizational details of command structure, warning systems, implementation procedures,
emergency control centres include name and appointments of incident controller, site main
controller, their deputies and other key personnel involved during emergency.
Communications
Identification of personnel involved, communication centre, call signs, network, list of telephone
numbers.
Voluntary Organizations
Details of Voluntary organizations, telephone numbers nearby hospitals, Emergency helpline,
resources etc. are to be available with chief authorities.
Chemical information
Details of the hazardous substances (MSDS information) and a summary of the risks associated with
them are to be made available at respective site.
Meteorological information
There is to be arrangements for obtaining details of weather conditions prevailing at before the
time of accident and weather forecasts updates.
Humanitarian Arrangements
Transport, evacuation centres, emergency feeding, treatment of injured, first aid, ambulances,
temporary mortuaries.
Public Information
Dealing with the media-press office
Informing relatives, etc.
Assessment
Collecting information on the causes of the emergency
Reviewing the efficiency and effectiveness of all aspects of the emergency plan.
Role of local authority
Local Authorities like Panchayat, Sabha, Samiti, municipalities can help in combating emergency
situation after assessing the impact scenario in rescue phase.
Role of police
Concerned police will be available for controlling and guidance at the accident site,
organizing evacuation and removing of any seriously injured people to hospitals.
Co-ordination with the transport authorities, civil defence and home guards
Co-ordination with army, navy, air force and state fire services
Arrange for post mortem of dead bodies
Establish communication centre with easy contact with ECC
Media
The media is to have ready and continuous access to designated officials with relevant
information, as well as to other sources in order to provide essential and accurate
information to public throughout the emergency and to avoid commotion and confusion.
Efforts are made to check the clarity and reliability of information as it becomes available,
and before it is communicated to public.
Public health authorities are consulted when issuing statements to the media concerning
health aspects of chemical accidents.
Members of the media are to facilitate response efforts by providing means for informing
the public with credible information about accidents involving hazardous substances.
Role of health care authorities
Hospitals and doctors must be ready to treat all types of injuries to causalities during
emergency
Co-ordinate the activities of Primary Health Centres and Municipal Dispensaries & District
Hospital to ensure required quantities of drugs and equipment.
Securing assistance of medical and paramedical personnel from nearby
hospitals/institutions.
Temporary mortuary and identification of dead bodies.
1.3.1 Conclusion
It has concluded that there will be no major risk involved due to Proposed Integrated Cement
Project. Suitable Risk Control Measures with respect to Risk Assessment will be implemented to
minimize the risk to an acceptable level. Regular Training, Implementation of SOPs and compliance
of relevant Personal Protective Equipment’s (PPEs) will help to minimize the health hazards and
incidental casualties. So, it is safe to say that there will be no major risk involved due to the
proposed project.