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PDF 04dec23 0847 Splitted
PDF 04dec23 0847 Splitted
The free electrons in the material due only to natural causes are referred to
as intrinsic carriers.
The more distant the electron from the nucleus, the higher the energy state,
and any electron that has left its parent atom has a higher energy state than
any electron in the atomic structure.
the isolated atomic structure can appear. As the atoms of a material are
orbit of one atom having slightly different energy levels from electrons in
the same orbit of an adjoining atom.
sufficient energy to break away from the atomic structure and enter the
conduction band. You will note that the energy associated with each
appropriate since
𝑊 = 𝑄𝑉 𝑒𝑉
of the atom with energy levels associated with the valence band of Fig. 1.4.
However, at room temperature (300 K, 25°C) a large number of
conduction band.
will occur which will cause a net reduction in Eg for both semiconductor
at room temperature!.
Intrinsic:
material which have almost an empty conduction band and almost filled
valence band with a very narrow energy gap (≈1eV). Common examples
of such semiconductors are germanium and silicon which have forbidden
energy gaps of 0.7eV and 1.1eV respectively. Another example for