Lab No.

10:
TO OPTIMIZE THE HYDROLOGICAL MODEL FOR THE CASE
STUDY CATCHMENT.

 EXPERIMENTAL DATA:
The data given in this experiment is
1. Time at which observations are taken
2. Flow in cfs
3. Terrain Data
4. Basin Model
5. Meteorological Data
6. Catchment areas
7. Curve number for the catchments

 OBJECTIVE OF THE EXPERIMENT:

The objective of this experiment is.
 To find the Rainfall-Runoff relationship for the catchment (USGS
03274650 WHITEWATER RIVER NEAR ECONOMY, IN
Latitude 40°00'15", Longitude 85°06'56" NAD27
Wayne County, Indiana, Hydrologic Unit 05080003)
 Optimization of the hydrological data by different approaches
 Correction of the data

 BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE

OPTIMIZATION OF HYDROLOICAL DATA:

Optimization of hydrological data involves improving the quality, accuracy,
and efficiency of collecting, analyzing, and utilizing data related to water
resources and hydrological processes.
 TYPES OF OPTIMIZATION:
 Deterministic Optimization (deals with important parameters)
 Stochastic Optimization (deals with optimization problems where
some parameters are subject to randomness or uncertainty.)

 HEC-HMS:
Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC-HMS) is a hydrologic modeling
software developed by the US Army Corps of Engineers of the Hydrologic
Engineering Center (HEC), which contains an integrated tool for modeling
hydrologic processes of dendritic watershed systems. This model consists of
several components for processing rainfall loss, direct runoffs, and routing. The
HEC-HMS model has been widely used, for example, in many hydrological studies
because of its simplicity and capability to be used in common methods.
Key Concepts in Rainfall-Runoff Modeling:
1.Hydrologic Processes:
HEC-HMS simulates various hydrologic processes, including precipitation,
infiltration, evaporation, snowmelt, and routing.
Precipitation data is a crucial input, and HEC-HMS supports different types of
rainfall distributions, such as constant, temporal, or spatially variable.
2.Watershed Representation:
The watershed is divided into sub-basins, and each sub-basin is further divided into
hydrologic response units (HRUs) representing homogeneous land areas.
Land use, soil types, and other watershed characteristics are considered to
represent the spatial variability within the watershed.
3.Rainfall-Runoff Transformation:
HEC-HMS employs various methods for transforming rainfall into runoff, such as
the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) method.
The SCS-CN method considers land use, soil type, and antecedent moisture
conditions to estimate direct runoff.
4.Hydrograph Generation:
The model generates hydrographs representing the temporal distribution of runoff
from the watershed.
Different methods, including the Unit Hydrograph (UH) and the Clark method, can
be used for hydrograph generation.
5. Routing:
HEC-HMS includes options for hydrologic routing to simulate the movement of
runoff through the watershed's channels and reservoirs.
Muskingum-Cunge, lag and route, and other routing methods are available for
channel routing.

STEPS IN HEC-HMS RAINFALL-RUNOFF MODELING:

 Data Input
 Model Configuration
 Simulation
 Analysis
 Scenarios and Forecasting

 UTILIZED SOURCES OF ANALYSIS:

We use two different software for analyzing our data.
1. MICROSOFT EXCEL (for analyzing the data)
2. HEC-HMS (for Rainfall-Runoff Modeling etc.)

 ANALYSIS OF DATA:

HEC-HMS involves verifying input data accuracy, calibrating model

parameters for improved representation, and executing simulations to generate
hydrographs. The hydrographs are then analyzed for peak flows, shapes, and
time-to-peak to understand watershed behavior. Model performance is
evaluated through a findings are valuable insights .
  RESULTS

After simulation the results comes as in the form of table in HEC_HMS

  CONCLUSION:
In this lab experiment, we can find the rainfall and runoff relationship using HEC-
HMS and through optimization (by making a optimization trail in HMS and
defining a different parameters used in the basin characteristics) by
both(deterministic and stochastic) we correct the values for the observed flow and
outflow.