1.

TOPIC: “PROMOTION OF HEALTH AND PREVENTION OF ILLNESS;

Hypertension or High Blood Pressure”

11. RATIONALE: BRIEF DESCRIPTION

Good day everyone, can we take your time for a meantime. Thank you. We are from the
Northford University College of Nursing Level 1 and I am your student nurse Zein Reyes, we are
here to conduct a Health Teaching Plan about the “PROMOTION OF HEALTH AND
PREVENTION OF ILLNESS; Hypertension or High Blood Pressure”. We are here to give
awareness, role play and discuss to you students in order to prevent Hypertension or High blood
pressure.

So, what is Hypertension? Let me give you a brief discussion. High blood pressure or
hypertension is a common condition in which the long-term force of the blood against your
artery walls is high enough that it may eventually cause health problems, such as heart disease.
Blood pressure is determined both by the amount of blood your heart pumps and the amount of
resistance to blood flow in your arteries. The more blood your heart pumps and the narrower
your arteries, the higher your blood pressure.

VII. PROCEDURE: Discussion and Visual Aids

Good day I am your student nurse Jackie Perez. I have here a sphygmomanometer and a
stethoscope to measure the blood pressure of the client. A blood pressure reading is given in
millimeters of mercury (mm Hg). It has two numbers:

Top number (systolic pressure). The first, or upper, number measures the pressure in your
arteries when your heart beats.

Bottom number (diastolic pressure). The second, or lower, number measures the pressure in
your arteries between beats.

So now how do we use the sphygmomanometer and the stethoscope. First is have your
patient. Ask the patient to loosen any tight clothing or remove long-sleeved garments so that it is
possible to access the upper arm. Place the cuff around the upper arm and secure. Connect the
cuff tubing to the sphygmomanometer tubing and secure. Rest the patient's arm on a surface that
is level with their arm. Place the stethoscope over the brachial artery in the bend of the elbow
and listen to the pulse. Pump up the cuff slowly and listen for when the pulse disappears. This is
an indication to stop inflating the cuff. Start to deflate the cuff very slowly whilst watching the
mercury level in the sphygmomanometer. Note the sphygmomanometer reading the number the
mercury has reached when the pulse reappears: record this as the systolic pressure. Deflate the
cuff further until the pulse disappears record this reading as the diastolic pressure. Record these
two measurements, first the systolic and then the diastolic for example 120/80 mmhg, in the
patient's notes or chart. Tell the patient the blood pressure reading.

Symptoms

Most of the time, there are no symptoms. For most patients, high blood pressure is found
when they visit their health care provider or have it checked elsewhere. Because there are no
symptoms, people can develop heart disease and kidney problems without knowing they have
high blood pressure. If you have a severe headache, nausea or vomiting, bad headache,
confusion, changes in your vision, or nosebleeds you may have a severe and dangerous form of
high blood pressure called malignant hypertension.

Signs and tests

Your health care provider will check your blood pressure several times before diagnosing
you with high blood pressure. It is normal for your blood pressure to be different depending on
the time of day. Blood pressure readings taken at home may be a better measure of your current
blood pressure than those taken at your doctor's office. Make sure you get a good quality,
well-fitting home device. It should have the proper sized cuff and a digital readout.

Prevention

High blood pressure can often be prevented or reduced by eating healthily, maintaining a
healthy weight, taking regular exercise, drinking alcohol in moderation and not smoking.

● Healthy diet. Cut down on the amount of salt in your food and eat plenty of fruit and
vegetables. The Eatwell Guide highlights the different types of food that make up our
diet, and shows the proportions we should eat them in to have a well-balanced and
healthy diet.
 ● Limit your alcohol intake. Regularly drinking too much alcohol can raise your blood
pressure over time.
● Lose weight. Being overweight forces your heart to work harder to pump blood around
your body, which can raise your blood pressure.
● Get active Being active and taking regular exercise lowers blood pressure by keeping
your heart and blood vessels in good condition. Regular exercise can also help you lose
weight, which will also help lower your blood pressure.
● Cut down on caffeine. Drinking more than 4 cups of coffee a day may increase your
blood pressure. If you're a big fan of coffee, tea or other caffeine-rich drinks, such as cola
and some energy drinks, consider cutting down. It's fine to drink tea and coffee as part of
a balanced diet, but it's important that these drinks are not your main or only source of
fluid.
● Stop smoking. Smoking does not directly cause high blood pressure, but it puts you at
much higher risk of a heart attack and stroke. Smoking, like high blood pressure, will
cause your arteries to narrow. If you smoke and have high blood pressure, your arteries
will narrow much more quickly, and your risk of heart or lung disease in the future is
dramatically increased. Get help to stop smoking

Treatment

The goal of treatment is to reduce blood pressure so that you have a lower risk of
complications. You and your health care provider should set a blood pressure goal for you if you

have pre-hypertension, your health care provider will recommend lifestyle changes to bring your

blood pressure down to a normal range. Medicines are rarely used for pre-hypertension. You can
do many things to help control your blood pressure, including:

● Eat a heart-healthy diet, including potassium and fiber, and drink plenty of water.
● Exercise regularly at least 30 minutes of aerobic exercise a day.
● If you smoke, quit find a program that will help you stop.
● Limit how much alcohol you drink one drink a day for women, two a day for men.
● Limit the amount of sodium (salt) you eat aim for less than 1,500 mg per day.
 ● Reduce stress try to avoid things that cause you stress. You can also try meditation or
yoga.
● Stay at a healthy body weight find a weight-loss program to help you, if you need it. Your
health care provider can help you find programs for losing weight, stopping smoking, and
exercising. You can also get a referral from your doctor to a dietitian, who can help you
plan a diet that is healthy for you. There are many different medicines that can be used to
treat high blood pressure.

VIII. EVALUATION:

1.What is hypertension?

Blood pressure is determined both by the amount of blood your heart pumps and the
amount of resistance to blood flow in your arteries. The more blood your heart pumps and the
narrower your arteries, the higher your blood pressure.

2. How to prevent hypertension?

High blood pressure can often be prevented or reduced by eating healthily, maintaining a
healthy weight, taking regular exercise, drinking alcohol in moderation and not smoking.

3. Can anyone give the causes of hypertension?

Unhealthy lifestyle like eating fatty foods and drinking too much of alcohol.

THANK YOU!