Trichostrongyles

Parasitic Group Species Location of Morphology Life Cycle PPP Pathogenesis Diagnosis Control Public Health
Infected Infection (Bold = most important) (Bold = most common) (*note: anthelmintic resistance is a serious problem in Significance
(Italics = rare) small ruminants)
Haemonchus Sheep, Goats, Abomasum Adult: Lancet in Direct: L3 retains cuticle > exsheaths Sheep = 1) Hyperacute Haemonchosis 1) Fecal Cattle: 1) Strategic deworming Economic loss
contortus & Cattle, Other mouth. Small or cuticle in rumen > migrate to abomasum 15 days (up to 30,000 worms) Floatation 2) Pasture management
Haemonchus Ruminants no buccal > penetrate gastric epithelial cells > Cattle = 2) Acute Haemonchosis (2,000 2) Clinical 3) Integrated Control System
placei capsule. "Looks emerge as L4 and L5 (with lifespan of 40- 25-28 and 20,000 worms) Signs (Anemia, 4) Slow Release Bolus
like barber pole" 60 days). They can overwinter due to days 3) Chronic Haemonchosis bottle-jaw, Small Ruminants: 1) Prelambing Treatment of Ewes
Embryo: hypobiosis. Periparturient rise in sheep (100 - 1000 worms) weight loss) 2) Spring Treatments (3, 6, 9, 12 weeks)
Trichstrongyle- (2-4 weeks postpartum) 3) Treat and Move
type egg 4) FAMACHA (ocular conjuctiva comparison)
Ostertagia Cattle (O. Abomasum Adult: Small Direct: L3 exsheaths cuticle in rumen > 21 days 1) Type I Ostertagiasis (Herd 1) Fecal Cattle: 1) Strategic deworming Significant
ostertagi & ostertagi only), brown worms migrate to abomasum > penetrate gastric outbreak in late summer/fall) Floatation 2) Pasture management economic loss can
Teladorsagia Sheep, Goats (can't see on epithelial cells > emerge as L5 2) Type II Ostertagiasis (Few 2) Clinical 3) Integrated Control System occur from
circumcincta necropsy) (Overwinter --> hypobiosis) animals in late winter/ early Signs (profuse 4) Slow Release Bolus subclinical
Embryo: spring) green diarrhea, Small Ruminants: 1) Prelambing Treatment of Ewes infections
Trichostrongyle- and the time of 2) Spring Treatments (3, 6, 9, 12 weeks)
type egg year of the 3) Treat and Move
outbreak) 4) FAMACHA
Trichstrongylus Cattle, Sheep, Abomasum/ Embryo: Direct: L3 exsheaths cuticle in rumen > N/A Diarrhea, anorexia, weight-loss, 1) Fecal Cattle: 1) Strategic deworming 2) Pasture management May infect humans
axei Goats, Stomach Trichostrongyle- migrate to abomasum > penetrate gastric poor hair coat, weakness, poor Floatation 3) Integrated Control System 4) Slow Release Bolus
(sometimes type egg epithelial cells > emerge as L5 (Very growth 2) Clinical Small Ruminants: 1) Prelambing Treatment of Ewes
Horses, Pigs, resistant to cold) Signs 2) Spring Treatments (3, 6, 9, 12 weeks)
Humans) 3) Treat and Move 4) FAMACHA
Cooperia spp., Cattle, Sheep, Small Adult: Small Direct: L3 is ingested, depending on the 14-21 Usually mixed with other 1) Fecal Cattle: 1) Strategic deworming Economic loss
Trichostrongylus Goats, llama Intestine worms species, the mucose of the intestine may days trichostrongyle infections, and Floatation 2) Pasture management
colubriformis, & (N. battus only) Embryo: be penetrated, regardless they mature in the clinical signs are masked by (eggs are 3) Integrated Control System
Nematodirus Trichostrongyle- the small intestine. abomasal worms. Causes cultured, 4) Slow Release Bolus
battus type egg, excpet (Overwinter --> hypobiosis) anorexia, diarrhea, weight-loss, hatched, and Small Ruminants: 1) Prelambing Treatment of Ewes
for N. battus, *N. battus must experience freezing poor hair coat. larvae are 2) Spring Treatments (3, 6, 9, 12 weeks)
who looks like its temperatures followed by warm N. battus - sudden onset identified OR 3) Treat and Move
center has a temperatures before hatching. diarrhea, anorexia, dehydration fecal egg count 4) FAMACHA
collection of dark leading to prostration taken)
pizzas. It is also T. colubriformis - diarrhea,
larger than other weight-loss, anorexia, poor wool
strongyle-types. coat, hypoproteinemia
Hyostrongylus Pigs Stomach Adults: red Direct: L3 retains cuticle > exsheaths N/A Blood sucking and mucosal 1) Fecal Direct your treating methods to your breeding herd. Treat Probably doesn't
rubidus Embryo: cuticle in rumen > migrate to abomasum damage causes hyperemia, Floatation sow in fall, then move to clean pasture, and retreat in spring. pass meat
Trichostrongyle- > penetrate gastric epithelial cells > gastritis, thickened mucosa. 2) Find worms inspection...
type egg emerge as L4 and L5 Clinical Signs: anemia, during
anorexia, Thin Sow Syndrome, slaughter
Death can occur b/c of gastric checks
ulcers