English 10

English – Grade 10
Quarter 2 – Module 7: Using Words and Expressions That Affirm or Negate in
Declarative Statement or Argument
Edition, 2020

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 English 10
Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 7
Using Words and Expressions That Affirm or
Negate in Declarative Statement or Argument
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the English 10 Self-Learning Module on Using Words and

Expressions That Affirm or Negate in Declarative Statement or Argument

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed, and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st-century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

Welcome to the English 10 Self-Learning Module on Using Words and

Expressions That Affirm or Negate in Declarative Statement or Argument.

The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is often
used to depict skill, action, and purpose. Through our hands, we may learn, create,
and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies
and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

This is your self-instructional learner module in English 10. All the

activities provided in this lesson will help you learn and understand: Using
Words and Expressions That Affirm or Negate in Declarative Statements.

PRETEST
Identify if each of the following statements is either affirming or negating.
Draw a happy face  if it is affirming, and draw a sad face  if it is negating.
Draw your answer on the space before each number.

____1. Rehabilitation programs for individuals serving life sentences should

be funded because these programs reduce violence within prisons.
____2. The Court had previously made clear that his actions and evidences
were no longer strong and might close the case.
____3. The company did not answer all the expenses of its employee who was
involved in an accident.
____4. Junk foods like sodas offered at canteens should not be allowed by
schools since they are bad for our health.
____5. The President presents his statement on why Congress should approve
military actions, laying out reasons and evidences to support such a
move.

RECAP

Before going on, what you have learned from your previous English
lessons are the affirmative and negative words used in an argument or
sentences. Being aware of words and expressions that affirm and negate plays
an important role in improving our speaking and writing skills.
 In English language, a declarative sentence is a sentence that makes
a statement, provides a fact, offers an explanation, or conveys information.
It is the most common type of sentences we use in our day to day life.
It will be interesting and effective to express ideas and opinions in the
form of a statement, once we know how to agree or disagree, approve or
disapprove, like or dislike, and others.

LESSON
Making a good argument is something that everyone needs to know how
to do. It is a skill that every learner should possess. Try to imagine and to
think about the statements or argument you make in your everyday life like:
I like to attend classes, I am excited to participate in all games, and my
English teacher set to explain the new grammar rules and so on. These
statements are declarative in form. They are used to express ideas, opinions
or to share information. But how are we going to give statements or to defend
our side, if we don’t like or we disagree with the given message?

So today, let us talk about using words and expressions that affirm
or negate in declarative statements.

Declarative sentences tell our readers in a normal conversation, without

excitement or strong emotion. We use them to convey messages. They always
end in a period and they can be in positive or negative form, and in any tense.

To better understand, here are the frequently used words in Affirmative

and Negative declarative form:

AFFIRMATIVE DECLARATIVE SENTENCES

It tell us what something is, has or does. In other words, any sentence
or declaration that is positive or true, it is an affirmative statement.
NEGATIVE DECLARATIVE SENTENCES

Sentences that contain “not” and “no” and are added after the helping
verbs. It tell us what something is not, has not, or does not.

Let’s try these following examples:

Indicates what someone is/someone not

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
Mrs. Peterson is an English teacher. Mrs. Peterson is not an English
teacher.

That someone is an English teacher. That someone is not an English

teacher.

Indicates what someone has/has not

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
I have the copy of your project. I don’t have the copy of your
project.
That someone has the copy of his
project. That someone do not have the copy of
his project.

Indicates what someone does/does not

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
Children are eating chocolates. Children are not eating chocolates.

The subject indicates that they were The subject indicates that they
eating chocolates. weren’t eating chocolates.

Here are some words to use for Affirming and Negating:

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
Yes No, not
Something Nothing
Always Never, not ever
Everybody, Someone, somebody Nobody
also Not either, neither
Any, some No, no one, not any, none
Contraction of “Not”
Be form (Is/are/was/were) Be + not (isn’t, aren’t, wasn’t, weren’t)
Has/have Hasn’t/haven’t
Do/Does/Did Don’t/doesn’t/didn’t
Modals (should, would, could, can, Modal + not (shouldn’t, wouldn’t,
etc.) couldn’t, cant’, etc.)

Let’s look at an example of affirmative declarative sentence.

Quasimodo suffers both pain of torture and public humiliation. He

begs for water, and someone answers his request for a drink.

In this sentence, we used “Someone” as the affirmative word that

agrees on the idea. Meaning there is someone who offers water to Quasimodo.

How about the negative declarative form of this sentence?

Quasimodo suffers both pain of torture and public humiliation. He

begs for water, and no one answers his request.

“No one” is used as the negative word for this sentence. It only indicates
that none of the people answered Quasimodo’s request.

Next example of Affirmative statement.

Studying abroad is the only way to get completely immersed in

another language and learn how other cultures and countries are different
from your own.

The word “is” is used as the affirmative word in this argument. It

presents “is” as the idea that we can learn another language and culture by
studying abroad.
What about the negative form of this argument? You try to give the negative
word showing your disagreement.

Studying abroad ______ the only way to get completely immersed in

another language and learn how other cultures and countries are different
from your own.

The answer is ‘isn’t or is not” because we used “is” in affirmative, so

we add “not” to show disagreement on the given statement. Meaning, studying
abroad is not the only way to learn another language and culture.

An affirmative statement can be changed into negative by using

another word which is the antonym, or by adding prefixes in the negative
sentence.

Here’s the example:

Parents are satisfied with the vaccination program to healthy

children for them to have good immunity against any virus.

When we changed it into negative statement,

Parents are dissatisfied with the vaccination program to healthy

children for them to have good immunity against any virus.

“Satisfied” is the word used in the affirmative sentence which indicated

that parents are contented with the vaccination. In negative form, the word
used is “dissatisfied”, meaning there are parents who were unhappy with the
program.
Guided Practice
Now that we have learned affirmative and negative words used in declarative
statements, let’s do these exercises to test our mastery of the lesson.

In this activity, you will tell if the given sentence in declarative form is
affirmative or negative. Let’s begin!

1. At least 25 percent of the national budget should be spent on helping

to upgrade business to clean technologies, researching renewable
energy sources, and planting more trees in order to control or eliminate
pollution.
- The answer is “Affirmative”, this example presents an affirmative
sentence since it only state facts or ways that might help in
eliminating pollution. Let’s try the next item!

2. Nobody has the right to degrade people with different skin colors, social
status or backgrounds.
- It is a “negative” statement”. What makes this argument/statement
negative? Because of the word “nobody”, it simply suggests that no
one has right to degrade people. How about the last one? Is it
Affirmative or Negative? Let’s go!

3. Parents should limit the usage of smart phones, monitor their children's
online activity, and report any cyber bullying to school officials in order
to combat this problem.
- It is “Affirmative” because the statement states advices to avoid and
to prevent cyberbullying among children.
 ACTIVITIES

Activity 1
Read and understand the statements below. Underline the correct affirmative
or negative word to be used in each argument.

1. Abortion (nothing, should not, always) be legalized for three simple

reasons: it devalues human life, put risks to the life of the mother and
doesn’t give the fetus a chance to decide whether it wants to live or not.
2. Secondhand smoking (any, is, isn’t) just as harmful as smoking and
leads to a higher prevalence of cancer and heart disease.
3. Some of the teen celebrities often engage in inappropriate and
sometimes illegal activities. They (should not, never, is not) be
considered role models for children.
4. While there is a lot of useful and educational information on the
internet, parents (wouldn’t, must, has) regulate the internet use of their
children. Children get distracted, spend more time on harmful web
sites, and avoid social interaction.
5. Skills and knowledge (aren’t, don’t, none) a matter for a top manager
as long as he has strong personality and leadership skills.

Activity 2
Write your argument on the given topic. Do you agree or disagree? Use the
words and expressions that will indicate your answer. Write your response
inside the box.

Social media has a huge impact on our lives, especially it can be used
as a place to express ourselves freely, such as posting pictures and videos,
posting announcements, and posting comments. Is it right to use social media
to share ideas about personal issues?
 WRAP-UP

To wrap everything up, let us reflect on how you performed in this

lesson, and make a plan on how to improve your language communication
skills. Use the following sentence starters:

The parts of this Self-Learning module I have learned are ____________

___________________________________________________________________________
The thing/s that I have to remember in making a negative argument
is/are ____________________________________________________________________
While for affirmative statement is/are _____________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
The following are the steps I can take to improve my skill in writing an
affirmative and negative argument _________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

VALUING

Let us be creative when expressing or communicating facts and ideas,

such as showing the proper way of agreeing or disagreeing in a conversation.
 POSTTEST

Choose the appropriate word or expression for each affirmative and negative
statement. Write the letter of your answer on the space provide before each
number.

____1. Having an effective communication between colleagues and

subordinates ___ lead to the increase of productivity.
A. are B. cannot C. can D. isn’t

____2. Every civilized country should ban circuses that use animals for their
shows. This kind of entertainment ___ worth the sufferings those animals go
through.
A. isn’t B. never C. don’t D. hasn’t

____3. Video games featuring violent episodes ___ be banned as they lead to
violence at schools, damage the mentality of kids, and create the perverted
image of reality.
A. not ever B. should C. something D. have

____4. Homeschooling is ___ for parents who are not able to educate and guide
children according on their needs and interests. They have to focus and to
give emphasis on their personal strength and weaknesses.
A. ineffective B. effective C. isn’t D. never

____5. If you work hard and get good results on your grades, you ___ be paid
accordingly. This way of encouragement is acceptable and can be used by
parents.
A. will not B. will C. must D. have
 KEY TO CORRECTION

References
Brandson, J. “Writing a Thesis and Making an Argument”. Servicescape,
2018. (accessed July 1, 2020).
https://www.servicescape.com/blog/25-thesis-statement-examples-that-will-
make-writing-a-breeze
CliffNotes. “Negative Words and Expressions”. Accessed July 1, 2020.
https://www.cliffsnotes.com/study-guides/spanish/spanish-i/negatives/negative-
words-and-expressions
Difference Between.com. “Difference Between Assertive and Affirmative
Sentence”. Accessed June 30, 2020.
https://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-assertive-and-affirmative-
sentence/
Howard, Larry. “100 Thesis Statement Examples”. ThesisHelp.net. Accessed
July 2, 2020.https://blog.thesishelp.net/thesis-statement-samples/
Learn CBSE. “CBSE Class 7 English Grammar – The Sentence”. Accessed
July 1, 2020. https://www.learncbse.in/cbse-class-7-english-grammar-sentence/
Lumen Learning: Simple Book Production. “Argumentative Thesis Statements”.
Accessed June 30, 2020.https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wm-writingskillslab-
2/chapter/argumentative-thesis-statements/
Mishra, Kanak. “Declarative Sentence”. Teachingbanyan.Com. Accessed July
1, 2020. https://www.teachingbanyan.com/grammar/declarative-sentence/
Nordquist, Richard. "Positive Rhetoric: Affirmative Sentences." ThoughtCo.
(accessed July 1, 2020). https://www.thoughtco.com/affirmative-sentence-
grammar-1688975