RELATIVE CLAUSES

- WHO/THAT = QUE, QUIEN = PERSONA

o I told you about the woman who lives next door
- WHOM = QUIEN = who puede ser suj o complemento y WHOM solo complemento
o I invited the teacher who/whom I met at the conference
o The boy who is in the garden is my cousin
- WHICH = QUE = OBJ, ANIMAL, LUGAR
o Do you see the cat which is lying on the roof?
o Seville, which is in the south of Spain, is a beautiful city

- WHERE = DONDE = LUGAR

o Seville, where I live, is a beauiful city.
o The supermarket where we shop, is very big.
- WHEN = CUANDO = TIEMPO
o Yesterday was the last time when I saw him.
- WHY = POR EL CUAL = PORQUE
o That is the reason why I feel happy.
- WHOSE = CUYO = POSESIÓN
o Do you know the boy whose mother is a nurse?
- WHAT = QUE
o I don’t understand what you mean.

- DEFINING – ESPECIFICATIVAS
o They boy who/that we met yesterday is very intelligent
o Información esencial, nos ayuda a identificar persona, animal o cosa.
o No va entre comas.
o Relative se pueden omitir cuando no son el sujeto
o WHO/WHICH se pueden sustituir por THAT
- NON DEFINING – EXPLICATIVAS
o Nick, who is my best friend, is a lawyer.
o Información adicional, sin afectar al significado oración principal.
o Van entre comas
o Relatives no se pueden omitir
o THAT no sustituye
MODALES

- CERTEZA
o MUST = estamos seguros de que algo es TRUE
o CAN’T = estamos seguros de que algo es IMPOSIBLE
- POSIBILIDAD
o MIGHT / MAY / COULD
- EXPECTACIÓN
o SHOULD = DEBERIA

CONECTORES

- DESPITE / DESPITE OF = A PESAR DE

- IN SPITE / IN SPITE OF
- ALTHOUGH
- EVENTHOUGH