Professional Documents
Culture Documents
This document contains writing samples from Level 7 to Level 10 (Year 7-10) in imaginative,
persuasive, and discursive forms. So that you can see the differences between them, they are
all written using the same topic:
Solutions to contemporary issues that are found using science and technology, may impact on
other areas of society and may involve ethical considerations.
While your class might not be studying this topic, you will be able to find lots of useful advice on
how to write at a particular level.
You will be guided through using this document in your classes. You will refer to these pieces of
writing while you produce your own. Here are a few ways you can use this document:
1
Imaginative short story
Level 7
I looked around the room at all the faces of the people who were Uses an opening
counting on me. Everyone was here. My parents, my friends, even sentence which
some of my teachers from school. The pressure was on and I could creates tension.
feel my heart racing a million beats per minute. One of the people in
Varies sentence
the room caught my eye. It was Meesha, my sister. She was structures, including
nodding and smiling, and I could tell that she was thinking, “you can short sentences for
do it!” impact, e.g., “Everyone
was here.”
I pushed the big red button on the screen in front of me and watched
as my work came to life. I had been working on this project non-stop Uses noun-groups to
describe aspects of the
for nearly ten years, since we first heard about the climate disaster
story, like the
that was going to destroy the earth. The intelligent spiderbots raised “intelligent” spiderbots
themselves up on their spindly metal legs and turned to face the and their “spindly
crowd of people. I heard gasps from behind me as the spiderbots metal legs”
opened their glittering eyes. My stomach was doing somersults and
my heart hadn’t slowed down. Attempts complex
words like “somersault”
and “atmosphere”.
The spiderbots turned and began marching out of the room one by
Occasionally makes
one. There were over ten thousand of them just in this one room and spelling mistakes, but
there were rooms like this all over the country. They marched uses the words in the
through the door and out into the harsh summer heat. The heat that correct context.
had been getting worse year after year as more of our pollution
spewed into the atmospheer. I remembered back to the first year Uses paragraphs to
clearly structure the
that the temperature hit 50 degrees. The pavements cracked and
text.
the roads began to melt. I badly burned my hand on the car door on
the way home from work. And it got worse every year. Uses a (brief)
flashback to add
I brought up the screen over my head which showed a spiderbot’s interest to the
view as it scuttled across the hot ground. A group of spiderbots had structure: “I
already gone to work on a pile of trash outside the laboratory. They remembered back…”
crawled all over it and turned it into nothingness. Another group was
Begins to use imagery,
diving into the river that ran past the building. I switched the camera such as “my heart
to an underwater spiderbot that was sucking in polluted water and racing a million beats
spitting out sparkling clean water in its place. per minute”
Writes in a logical
order of events.
2
Behind me, the crowd of people began to cheer and celebrate. My
spiderbots crawled across the whole surface of the earth, cleaning Finishes the story with
up all of the mess that we humans had made over the last centuries. a satisfying ending.
Level 8
3
can hear them tunneling through the walls towards the bunker.
There isn’t much time! Oh no! They’re-------
Level 9
He looked different in real life than on TV. His lab coat was frayed There is a clear sense
around the edges and the fabric was more grey than white. There of the development of
were reddish-brown blotches all over it, and it was hard to figure out a unique ‘voice’ and
‘style’ in this piece.
if they were dirt or blood. His crazy white hair stuck out all over his
head and the dark rings around his eyes made him look like he
hadn’t slept in weeks. Uses short sentences
and fragments -
Maybe he hadn’t. “maybe he hadn’t” and
“we waited” - to break
This was the man who had almost ended the world. The up the paragraph
structure.
mad-scientist who had unleashed the destructive spiderbots from his
laboratory in Melbourne. He blinked slowly in the bright sunlight,
obviously not used to the light and the heat after so long Makes use of
underground. We stared at him, waiting for him to speak. Waiting for stereotypical
him to say something, anything in response to the awful things that characters and
had happened in the last twelve months. settings like the “mad
professor” and the hot
Australian climate.
We waited.
“I-,” he started. His voice cracked and he coughed. Somebody Uses dialogue
handed him a glass of water. The water had been scooped straight effectively, including
out of the Yarra and was sparkling clean. But the river wasn’t the using punctuation to
only thing the spiderbots had “cleaned up”. indicate patterns of
speech like the
stammering.
“I’m sorry.” He said. His words came out slowly. Everyone was silent.
“I’m sorry that I ever pushed that button. Sorry that I released those
vile things out into the world. They are gone now. My team worked Has been edited and
out how to disable them remotely. They will not come back. But the proofread to remove
world they leave behind is a different world.” spelling mistakes and
improve sentence
variety and structure.
The crowd murmured. There were people here who had lost family
and friends. At the back of the crowd, somebody shouted
“murderer!” The professor flinched.
4
“Some of you think that I am a murderer.” He ran a hand through his
wild hair. He was starting to sweat in the clear Melbourne sunlight.
“When I released the bots it seemed like the right thing to do. To- to-”
he stammered, his voice catching again. Then, from the crowd,
somebody threw a glass bottle towards the stage. It smashed at the
professor’s feet. The crowd surged forwards like a tidal wave.
Level 10
Maya skipped across the broken ground with light, hopping steps. This is a sustained
Step on a crack and break your mother’s back! she thought to piece of writing with a
herself as she dodged the uneven breaks in the pavement. Some of clear and well
the cracks were wide enough that she could have lost a whole foot if developed “voice” or
she hadn’t jumped over them anyway. Green slithers of vine grew style.
across the ground, merging together in some places to make a thick
mat of emerald. Maya was only seven years old - she had never
seen the world any other way. The crumbling towers and apartments There is
with their exposed metal frames were just a background to her life characterisation
down here on the ground. She skipped through the deserted streets through aspects such
of Melbourne as if it were her own personal playground. as the childlike speech
(e.g. “lextricity”) and
Her parents told her stories of the time before. To her, hearing about Maya’s reflections on
things like “lextricity” and “trafick” was as exciting as the best of the her earlier childhood.
picture books that her Dad had dug out of the rubble of the book
store down on Lygon street when she was four years old. She
couldn’t imagine that the huge rusting shapes that lay scattered all The structure of the
over the city had once rumbled and raced and sped down the story is broken up with
cracked roads. They lay everywhere like sleeping metallic beasts. flashbacks and
Maya used them as climbing frames. Hiding places when she played memories, and the
games with some of the other children from the block. Every now paragraphs are varied
and again, she found one that hadn’t been totally looted. Sometimes in length and pace.
they had treasures inside, black-screened slabs of metal that her
mother called “eye pads”, even though Maya couldn’t understand
how you’d ever wear one of them on your eyes. There is a wide variety
of clause structures.
She had only been six months old when her parents climbed out of
the bunker. They told her she’d been born down there in the dark,
underground. She couldn’t remember coming out into the light for Uses figurative
the first time, but even now she barely spent any time inside. Her techniques like similes
father called her a “wild thing”, and she cried “I’ll eat you up!” (e.g. “like sleeping
laughing at the image it brought into her head from one of her metallic beasts”) and
favourite stories. visual language (e.g.
“a thick mat of
She was playing one of her favourite games as she skipped along emerald”).
the deserted street. She imagined that the rusted cars were islands,
5
and she had to swim, run, or fly between them. She had heard of
“plains” but had never seen one in the sky. Still, she stuck her arms Includes relevant
out to the side and made the noise her Dad had shown her - references to other
“nyaaaoooooowwwwww”. She landed next to one of the vehicles texts, such as the
and gingerly peeled open the door. And that was when she saw it. allusion to the
children’s book ‘Where
Her eyes widened in horror. the Wild Things Are’.
Her parents had told her about them, but she’d never seen one.
They’d been collected up after the shutdown and sunk to the bottom Deliberately uses
of the ocean, or stacked high in huge piles and burned until their devices like short
fragile metal melted to nothingness. But she had been told stories sentences to create
about them. About what they did. About why this huge city with its tension, particularly at
towering buildings was almost empty. the end of the story.
She stared at the eight silvery metal legs, her heart pounding in her
chest. Maya leaned forward, seeing her reflection in the shining
surface.
6
Persuasive opinion piece
Level 7
Secondly, there are technologies which can help with medical issues Uses (anecdotal)
and problems with people’s health. Because we have better health evidence to support
care and have longer life expectencys people are living much longer arguments, such as
than they used to. This means that more and more technologies like the example of animals
medecine will be needed in the future to help to keep us alive for consuming plastic.
longer. People will need extra health services so that they can carry
on enjoying life while they are old. Structures the
response with
Finally, there are technologies like robotics which are already connectives like
helping to solve problems. In the past people have had to work in “firstly”, “secondly”,
dangerous environments such as down mines and in places where “finally” to indicate the
there are dangerous chemicals. In the future most of these jobs will order of the
be replaced by robots and there will be much less danger to arguments.
humans.
Ends with a concise
In conclusion, I believe that it is very important that science and statement summing up
technology play a part in our futures for the benefits to pollution and the rest of the piece.
climate, health, and robots working in dangerous places.
Level 8
7
identifying a problem if you don’t have a suggestion for a solution? I
have a simple solution for your readers: use less plastic! Did you Uses structural
know that thanks to modern technologies there are now hundreds of connectives like
alternatives to plastic, including materials made from coconut husks, “firstly”, “secondly” to
renewable woods, and even recycled paper? My own toothbrush is direct the arguments.
made from recycled toilet rolls! (That sounds kind of gross, but the
packet tells me it’s perfectly hygienic.) Uses persuasive
devices like rhetorical
Secondly, your article made it sound as though it is us everyday questions, humour,
people who cause the most damage to the environment with and metaphor (e.g.
plastics. Sure, I sometimes use an extra plastic bag to hold my “we...are just tiny
bananas at the supermarket, but do you seriously think that my ants”)
banana bag outweighs the damage done by major businesses all
over the world? Surely we everyday people are just tiny ants in References a credible
comparison to the great beasts of these businesses who year after source of information
year dump pollution into the oceans and the air. and provides a statistic
as evidence.
A recent survey by the CSIRO claimed there is 6-12 metric tonnes of
plastic going into the ocean each year. If governments do not act Concludes with a
now to punish big businesses who produce and dump these plastics, decisive statement of
then all of us will be impacted. Companies should be rewarded for opinion.
using technologies that reduce the amount of waste they produce.
Maybe then they would consider switching over to renewables and
actually paying some attention to their impact on the environment.
Next time you write an article about plastics, maybe you could carry
out some research first before blaming everyday people like me for
the world’s problems!
8
Level 9
Why We Need AI More Than You Might Think Uses the conventions
of the ‘opinion piece’
Opinion: By Maya Alexander form, including
headlines, the author’s
name, and a suitable
image.
The image is
referenced numerous
times during the
response and backs
up the arguments.
9
traffic lights and crossings, AI might be able to predict traffic jams think about…”,
before they even happen. “Finally”)
Finally, the health sector would get massive benefits from artificial
intelligence. Research into cancer treatment, new medicines, and
genetics could be greatly improved if we developed a powerful AI to
assist with our ordinary human thinking.
Level 10
Pays deliberate
attention to word
10
The future is here and it’s a scary place. choice (e.g., “scary”,
“threat”, “attacks”) and
We live in a world where the daily threat of cyber attacks, hacking, persuasive techniques
and digital warfare are very real. For many of us, having to protect (e.g. rhetorical
ourselves online has become an absolute necessity. From identity questions, statistics,
theft to bank fraud, the number of digital attacks against citizens are quotes, anecdotes)
increasing daily. And what about the even greater attacks on
businesses and the government?
Is sustained, and has a
Last year there was a 14% increase in cybersecurity attacks against clear style and ‘voice’
major Australian companies, and a similar rise in attempts to breach
the security of the Australian Government. These attacks target
vulnerable areas in important networks, things which could have a Creates a logical
real impact such as healthcare and financial services. argument that is
clearly designed to
In an article for The Strategist <insert link target the specific
https://www.aspistrategist.org.au/government-must-rethink-funding- audience.
model-to-support-technology-in-australias-public-sector/ > Lesley
Seebeck writes that the government spends too much time thinking
about efficency and keeping costs down, and not enough money on Has been proofread
improving digital security. In a similar article <insert link and edited, and
https://www.smartcompany.com.au/budget-2021/digital-economy-str reviewed by peers
ategy-budget-funding-better/ > for SmartCompany, Marek before submission.
Kowalkiewicz writes that government funding for digital technologies
must be increased because otherwise Australia will “slide down the
rankings” in global security.
Individual attacks are bad enough. Last year I had my bank account
details stolen in a cyberattack on a website I use for online
shopping. The attackers managed to drain ten thousand dollars from
my account before I reported it to the bank, and it took almost six
months to get the money back.
It’s time the government put its hand into its digital wallet and started
taking these threats seriously.
11
Discursive blog post
Level 7
12
Level 8
Level 9
Science and Cats - A blog for people who love science, and Uses the conventions
cats! of a personal blog
post, including the
Are advances in science good or bad? structure of the overall
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piece.
Blog post: Maya Alexander
3rd June 2021
Clearly references
Knowledge is power. And with great power comes great other sources of
responsibility. OK, now I’ve gotten the cliches out of the way, why information.
don’t we take a look at the pros and cons of science!
Readers of my blog will know that I am all for advances in Presents both sides of
technology and science. From smartphones to smarthouses, the an argument, using
advances in scientific knowledge and technologies have changed evidence to support all
the way we live. I can’t imagine having to actually turn a key in the points.
lock to my front door now that I can just wave my phone over the
keypad, and if my one click order wasn’t waiting for me inside and I
had to traipse across town to the post office, I think I might cry. But Tone is informal and
modern conveniences aside, do the risks of science and technology conversational,
outweigh the benefits? appropriate to both the
form and the audience.
Risks
There are unfortunately many risks to advantages in science and The ‘voice’ of the piece
technology. Products like those I mentioned before have become so is clear and unique,
commonplace that they dominate our lives. HelpGuide.org has an helped by the personal
entire section dedicated to smartphone addiction. There’s even a and friendly tone.
word - “nomophobia” - that means the fear of being without your
phone. Having access to all of this information, and having to be
available 24/7 for notifications and communication, can have serious Uses techniques such
mental health effects. as varied sentences,
humour, rhetorical
There’s also the environmental impact of advances in science and questions, and
technology. Even though electric vehicles can use renewable anecdotes to engage
energy, the fact that they are cheap to produce and fuel might the reader.
ultimately mean there are more cars on the road not less, and there
would still be an impact on the environment from the resources
needed to manufacture them and the electric batteries that store
their power.
Benefits
14
been invented to clear the ocean of plastics and chemicals, and we
are steadily righting some of the wrongs of the Industrial age.
Final thoughts
Look, if you’re here, then you either love science, or cats (or both).
It’s pretty clear which side of the fence I sit on in these arguments,
but there are reasonable concerns on both sides. If we want to
continue to advance in science and technology, we need to treat the
risks seriously. But I think that the future is a bright and exciting
place, and I’m here for it.
Level 10
15
appointments, automatic email reminders, and shared family References to multiple
calendars. issues and topics, all
under the umbrella of
2. Bring your games to life with VR the main topic.
Virtual reality has been around for a while now, but it’s finally
becoming affordable and accessible. Quality devices used to cost Chooses vocabulary
thousands of dollars, and now you can get your hands on a great with intent to have a
wireless system for a couple of hundred. And it’s not just about specific effect on the
gaming either. The other night I was sprawled on my couch watching audience, such as
netflix. Except, rather than squinting at my tiny 28” TV, I was choosing informal
strapped into a VR set looking at a huge cinema screen from the words and phrases
lounge room of my virtual Swiss chalet! (e.g. “a little peaky”) in
keeping with the
3. Get fit, and live longer overall tone.
Everybody knows that to live a long, healthy life you need to be able
to monitor and improve your overall health. One of the best ways of Addresses two main
doing this is through regular exercise. Smartwatches have features audiences: students
built into them not only to help you track exercise, but to motivate and working adults.
you through badges, awards and reminders. And if you’re feeling a Differentiates between
little peaky, these same watches can now monitor your heart rate, the different evidence
take an ECG, and in the future might even be able to measure blood for each audience, e.g.
sugar levels and other important health data. school work for
students, and personal
4. Make your money work for you finances for employed
adults.
For those of you earning money - whether you’re a student with a
part time job or you’re fully employed - you should be using
technology to keep track of and improve your financial situation. Includes many
Track your spendings on something as simple as a spreadsheet, or conventions of the blog
go one further and use a dedicated app. Have your online banking - format, including
through an app, of course - automatically funnel some of your hard references and links to
earned cash into savings. For those of you who are already other websites
investing, or keen to start, you can even get apps for trading shares
online, managing properties you own, or adding to your side-hustle
through social task apps. Remember - it’s not just for facebook! Ends with a comment
section, which the
5. Use science to save the world student has used to
illustrate multiple
This is the big one. So far, I’ve focused on some pretty low-key uses viewpoints, and to
of technologies like smartphones, smartwatches, and VR to improve allow the “author” of
your day to day life. But what’s the point of enjoying day to day life if the blog to further
there’s no world around to enjoy it in? Advances in science are some of the original
allowing us to tackle climate and health issues on a scale never arguments.
before manageable, and you can be a part of that. There are many
scientific research institutes now that allow you to “donate” some of
your computer’s spare processing power to science. There’s a great
article on this over at the Singularity Hub: 9 Ways You Can Use Your
Devices for Advanced Scientific Research Want to help
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So there you have it, my top five ways you can improve your life with
modern science and technology. I hope you’ve enjoyed the post, and
if you have anything to say, please leave a comment!
Comments:
Scikitty2004: Love your blog, totally agree with the first four points,
but if you think I’m giving up processor power that I could be using to
annihilate my friends on online games you must be dreaming!
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