Computer network answers Tanenbaum book fifth edition 4:

1-An image is 1600 × 1200 pixels with 3 bytes/pixel. Assume the image is uncompressed. Howlongdoes it
taketotransmit itovera56-kbpsmodemchannel? Overa1-Mbpscablemodem?Overa10-MbpsEthernet?
Over100-MbpsEthernet? OvergigabitEthernet?

To calculate the time it takes to transmit an image over different network channels, we can use the
formula:

Time (in seconds)

Data size

Transmission rate

Time (in seconds)=

Transmission rate

Data size

Given:

Image size:

1600

1200

1600×1200 pixels

Bytes per pixel: 3 bytes

Image is uncompressed

Transmission rates: 56 kbps, 1 Mbps, 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, and 1 Gbps

First, let's calculate the size of the image in bytes:

Image size (in bytes)

Width

Height

Bytes per pixel

Image size (in bytes)=Width×Height×Bytes per pixel

Image size (in bytes)

1600

1200

Image size (in bytes)=1600×1200×3

Now, we can calculate the time it takes to transmit the image over each network channel:

Over a 56-kbps modem:

Time

Image size (in bytes)

Transmission rate

Time=

Transmission rate

Image size (in bytes)

Over a 1-Mbps cable modem:

Time

Image size (in bytes)

Transmission rate

Time=

Transmission rate

Image size (in bytes)

Over a 10-Mbps Ethernet:

Time

Image size (in bytes)

Transmission rate

Time=

Transmission rate

Image size (in bytes)

Over a 100-Mbps Ethernet:

Time

Image size (in bytes)

Transmission rate
Time=

Transmission rate

Image size (in bytes)

Over a 1-Gbps Ethernet:

Time

Image size (in bytes)

Transmission rate

Time=

Transmission rate

Image size (in bytes)

Let's perform the calculations:

Image size (in bytes)

1600

1200

Image size (in bytes)=1600×1200×3

Image size (in bytes)

=
5

760

000

bytes

Image size (in bytes)=5,760,000 bytes

Now, calculate the time for each transmission rate:

Over a 56-kbps modem:

Time

760

000

56

000

Time=

56,000

5,760,000

Over a 1-Mbps cable modem:

Time
=

760

000

000

000

Time=

1,000,000

5,760,000

Over a 10-Mbps Ethernet:

Time

760

000

10

000

,
000

Time=

10,000,000

5,760,000

Over a 100-Mbps Ethernet:

Time

760

000

100

000

000

Time=

100,000,000

5,760,000

Over a 1-Gbps Ethernet:

Time

=
5

760

000

000

000

000

Time=

1,000,000,000

5,760,000

Now, perform the actual calculations to get the time in seconds for each scenario.

2-Mobilephonenetworkoperatorsneedtoknowwheretheirsubscribers’mobilephones (hence
theirusers)arelocated.Explainwhythis isbadforusers. Nowgivereasons whythisisgoodforusers.

Why Location Tracking by Mobile Phone Network Operators is Potentially Bad for Users:

Privacy Concerns:

Location tracking raises significant privacy concerns. Users may feel that constant monitoring of their
whereabouts infringes on their privacy rights, as it provides a detailed record of their daily activities,
routines, and potentially sensitive locations.
Abuse of Information:

There is a risk that the collected location data could be misused or abused. If this information falls into
the wrong hands, it could be exploited for malicious purposes, such as stalking, theft, or even for
conducting targeted advertising without the user's consent.

Government Surveillance:

In certain regions, there is a concern that location tracking by mobile phone network operators could be
used by governments for surveillance purposes. This raises issues related to civil liberties, freedom of
movement, and potential abuse of power.

Security Risks:

Storing and transmitting location data pose security risks. If not adequately protected, this information
may be vulnerable to hacking or unauthorized access, leading to potential identity theft or other security
breaches.

Why Location Tracking by Mobile Phone Network Operators Can Be Good for Users:

Emergency Services and Public Safety:

Location tracking enables emergency services to quickly locate users in distress. In case of accidents,
medical emergencies, or criminal activities, accurate location information can be crucial for a timely
response, potentially saving lives.

Enhanced Services and Convenience:

Location-based services (LBS) can provide users with personalized and context-aware information. For
example, users can receive relevant local news, weather updates, and targeted advertisements. This
enhances the overall user experience by delivering content and services tailored to their current
location.

Lost or Stolen Device Recovery:

Location tracking can assist in recovering lost or stolen mobile devices. By remotely locating a device,
users have a chance to retrieve their belongings or protect sensitive information by remotely wiping the
device.
Family and Social Connectivity:

Location sharing features can be beneficial for families and social groups. Users can use location
information to coordinate meetups, share their whereabouts with loved ones, and ensure the safety of
family members, especially in situations like children returning from school.

Opt-In Features for Personalization:

Some users may find value in location-based personalization features that enhance their overall mobile
experience. This could include recommendations for nearby restaurants, events, or services based on
the user's current location and preferences.

Ultimately, the balance between the benefits and drawbacks of location tracking depends on the
transparency, consent, and control mechanisms in place. Ensuring that users have clear information
about when and how their location data is used, and providing them with options to opt in or opt out, is
crucial for maintaining trust and respecting user privacy.