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Chapter 2
kg
2-1 Assume: From table 2-2 , 1.07 ;
capita / day
kg tons
20,000 people x 1.07 21.4 ;
capita / day day
tonnes
landfill capacity = 21.4 ; x 365 days x 10 years = 78,110 tonnes
day
tonnes
industrial waste = 900 tonnes per day, so 921.4 is generated.
day
Therefore, capacity will be reached in approximately 85 days instead of 10 years.
8 tonnes
2-3 2 tracks(0.5 ft)(3 ft) = 3m2; 2
2667 kg / m2
3m
2-5 Moisture transfer is the movement of water from wet materials such as food waste
to dry absorbent materials like paper.
2.2 kg
2-9 Assume: of waste collection; 220,000 kg/day generated waste;
capita / day
kg
Assume: loose refuse (no compaction); density 120 3 ;
m
kg
140,000 m3 capacity 120 3 1.68 107 kg capacity;
m
1 day
1.68 107 kg capacity 76 days;
220, 000 kg
kg
However, if it assumed that the refuse is compacted to a density of 450 ,
m3
kg
450 3
(140, 000 m3 ) 6.3 107 kg capacity;
m
3
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2-10 As-received Heat Value – includes organic materials, inorganic materials and water.
The heat value depends on mass of the sample and the heat generated by its
combustion.
Moisture-Free Heat Value – the heat value of the object excluding the water
component from the denominator
Moisture- and Ash-Free Heat Value – the heat value excluding both water and
inorganic material, or ash.
Calculated by:
2-11 The objective of diversion is to increase the life of a landfill or to reduce the cost of
disposal.
If the more honest calculation is used, we do not begin to achieve 75% diversion:
Re cyclables
Mixed household and commercial waste recyclable s
For example, suppose we assume that the purpose of the program is to recycle
more. Then 450 kg are either diverting or recycling it and compare the different
amounts of diversion obtained by the equations above.
4
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2-13 Using representative values for bulk density (Table 2-5);
0.21(12) 0.15(240) 0.08(210) 0.12(300) 0.03(14) 0.03(18) 0.05(90) 0.18(50) 0.04(37) 0.11(180) kg
127 3
1.00 m
1 m3
3.54m
3
450 kg
127 kg
0.21(430) 0.15(420) 0.08(210) 0.12(1080) 0.03(40) 0.03(240) 0.05(510) 0.18(300) 0.04(150) 0.11(600) kg
460 3
1.00 m
1m3
0.98m
3
450kg
460kg
Therefore, the loose volume is approximately 3.6 times as much as the baled refuse
volume.
2-14 Taking a weighted average of moisture contents, the overall moisture content is
(assuming 45 kg of waste):
5
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Chapitre Ier. — De l’Éducation : Principes et moyens 131
d’action
Chapitre II. — De l’Éducation : Quelques aspects 161
L’Argent. — Le Ménage. — De la Parure. — De la
Discussion. — Éducation sexuelle. — Mariage, amour,
famille.
Chapitre III. — De l’Instruction : Principes et moyens
d’action 199
Le Lycée. — Le Foyer. — La « Valise ». — Comment
apprendre. — Le Choix d’un métier.
Chapitre IV. — De l’Instruction : Quelques lacunes 233
Les Langages secrets. — La Constitution. — Soi-même. —
« Self-defence ». — Planter un clou. — Les
« applications ».
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