Hi Tech Nursery Medicinaland Aromatic Plants

Detailed Project Report
On
NURSERY-MEDICINAL
AND AROMATIC PLANTS,
HI-TECH NURSERY PLANTS
Preparation Date : 01.12.2021
Prepared by : R. Uma chandrika, Assistant Director

Branch MSME-Development Institute
Plot No 11, K. Pudur, Melur Main Road,
Madurai-625007
Phone: 0452-2918313
Email: brdcdi.mdri@dcmsme.gov.in
Branch MSME-Development Institute- Madurai Page 1

Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Commercial details of Nursery Medicinal and Aromatic Plants ............. 4
1.1 HSN code of the product ................................................................................................. 4
1.2 NIC code of the product ................................................................................................... 4
1.3 Clusters already existing on the product if any................................................................. 4
1.4 Possibility to create/ establish clusters on the product ..................................................... 4
1.5 Probable districts for establishment of products manufacturing ....................................... 6
1.6 Number of industries available in large scale industries ................................................... 6
1.7 Data about the imports of this product ............................................................................. 7
1.8 Data available for the exports well against this product ................................................... 8
1.9 Scope for the number of unit’s & number of years can be established ............................. 8
1.10 The demand in the domestic market ................................................................................ 8
1.11 Demand of the export market .......................................................................................... 8
Chapter 2: Technical Details ........................................................................................ 9
2.1 Sector in which the product is falling ................................................................................ 9
2.2 End users of the products/ sectors ................................................................................ 11
2.3 Governing Indian Standards .......................................................................................... 12
2.4 Governing International Specification ............................................................................ 13
2.5 Flow process chart of setting up a Hi-Tech nursery for MAP’s: ...................................... 15
2.6 Qualitative parameters of the product ............................................................................ 16
2.7 Details of the product licenses to be obtained................................................................ 17
2.8 Equipment required for the manufacturing of the product .............................................. 18
2.9 Test facilities required for the product ............................................................................ 19
2.10 The technology existing for the manufacturing of the product ........................................ 20
2.11 Suggested modern technology for implementation or available in the market ................ 21
2.12 Raw material required and availability ........................................................................... 22
2.13 Covering raw material standards Indian/ International standards ................................... 23
Chapter 3: Project Report on Hi-Tech Nursery Plants ............................................. 24
3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 24
3.2 Aromatic & Medicinal Plant Hi-Tech nurseries ............................................................... 24
3.3 Market: .......................................................................................................................... 25
3.4 Basis & Presumptions ................................................................................................... 25
3.5 Implementation Schedule .............................................................................................. 26
3.6 Technical Aspects ......................................................................................................... 27

3.7 Details of test facilities available in India ........................................................................ 40
3.8 Details of Raw materials suppliers ................................................................................. 42
3.9 Details of the machinery suppliers ................................................................................. 44
Chapter 4: Schemes and consultancy services ....................................................... 45
4.1 Existing schemes and their details................................................................................. 45
4.2 Proposed scheme (if existing is not suitable) ................................................................. 58
4.3 Details of agencies who can provide guidance ............................................................. 58

Chapter 1: Commercial details of Nursery Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
1.1 HSN code of the product:
HS Code for medicinal & Aromatic plants is 1211. This code covers raw plants and parts of
plants (fresh, chilled, frozen or dried, cut or uncut, crushed or powdered including seeds
and fruits) of a kind used primarily in perfumery, in pharmacy or for insecticidal, fungicidal or
similar purposes. However, HS code 1211, does not cover other raw aromatic plant
products that also fall under the broad definition of MAPs, hence following HSN codes are
used for other parts of plants utilized for medicinal purposes.
 121190-Other
 1211904- Roots & rhizomes
 12119049-Other
 1211909- Other
 12119099-Other
 1211902-leave powder flowers and pods
 12119029-Other
1.2 NIC code of the product
NIC code for growing of spices, aromatic, drug and pharmaceutical crops is 0128.
 01284 –Growing of perennial and non-perennial spices and aromatic crops.

 01285 -Growing of drug and narcotic drugs.
 01286- Growing of plants used primarily in perfumery, in pharmacy or for insecticidal,
fungicidal or similar purposes (Medicinal plants).
1.3 Clusters already existing on the product if any
In India so far around 500 aroma clusters were developed. In Tamil Nadu, high performing
clusters like vettiver cluster developed in Cuddalore. In Valparai and Ooty, considerable
group of farmers are involved in lemon grass and Geranium cultivation. So far, no cluster
data available on Hi- tech nursery-medicinal and aromatic plants.
1.4 Possibility to create/ establish clusters on the product
India has great potential for creating clusters on medicinal plants and establishing
commercially viable venture. Its rich bio-diversity and varied agro-climate provide a
conducive atmosphere for promotion of medicinal and aromatic plants as a successful
commercial venture. In Tamil nadu, hills of Valparai and Ooty has huge potential for
establishing clusters on medicinal and aromatic plants.
List of medicinal and aromatic plants which are widely cultivated in India is listed in the
following Table 1.

Table 1: Commercially cultivated Medicinal & Aromatic plants
Sl No Common name Botanical name Cultivating States in India
of the MAP
1. Tulsi Ocimum sanclum Andhra, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka.
2. Pippermint Mentha pipertia Uttharakhand, Uttar Pradesh.
3. Basil Ocimum basilicum Western ghats, Servarayan hills, Kolli hills.
4. Rosemary Rosemarimum Western ghats, Servarayan hills, Kolli hills.
oficinalis
5. Clocimum Ocimum Jammu & Kashmir.
gratissimum
6. Chamomile Matricaria Punjab, Utharapradesh, Kashmir.
chamomilla
7. Lavender Lavendula officinalis Himachal Pradesh, Kashmir valley, and
Uttar Pradesh states.
8. Geranium Pelargonium Nilgiri, Pulney Hills of Tamil Nadu, Andhra,
graveolens Karnataka, Maharashtra and Uttar
Pradesh
9. Palmarosa Cymbopogon Andhra, Maharastra, Madhya pradesh,
maritini Karnataka.
10. Citronella Cymbopogan lower hills of Assam, Karanataka and
winterianus southern Gujarat.
11. Lemon grass Cymbopogan Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Uttar
flexuosus Pradesh and Uttaranchal and Assam
12. Vettiver Vettiveria Kerela, Andhra, Tamil Nadu
Zizanioides
13. Eucalyptus Eucalyptus citriodera Kerela, Andhra, Tamil Nadu
14. Patchouli Pogestemon Western ghats, Kashmir, Uttarkand,
patchouli Utrapradesh
15. Senna Cassia angustifolia Tirunelveli, Madurai, Ramnad,
Viruthunagar in Tamil Nadu, Kadappa in
AP, Pune in Maharastra
16. Periwinkle Catharanthus roseus Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra,
Assam,West Bengal.
17. Glory Lily Gloriosa superb Erode, Salem, Dindigul, Madurai in Tamil
Nadu
18. Coleus Coleus forskohlii Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh,
Maharashtra, Karnataka and Rajasthan
19. Aswagandha Withania somnifera Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar
Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra and
Madhya Pradesh
20. Aloe Aloe vera Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and
Maharashtra
21. Long pepper Piper longum Khasi hills, the lower hills of West Bengal,
Eastern Uttar Pradesh,Madhya Pradesh,
Maharashtra, Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil
Nadu
22. Sarpagandha Rauvolfia serpentine Eastern and Western Ghats and in the
Andaman
23. Medicinal Solanum viarum Andhra, Karnataka, Gujarat, Maharastra
solanum
24. Safed musli Chlorophytum Hilly areas of Gujarat, Rajasthan and
borivilianum Madhya Pradesh
25. Annato Bixa orellana Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, West Bengal,

Madhya Pradesh, Assam, Maharashtra,
Odisha and Karnataka
26. Shatavri Asparagus Arunachal Pradesh, Delhi, Assam,
racemosus Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Kerala, Punjab,
Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Jharkhand
27. Medicinal yam Dioscorea floribunda Karnataka, Himachal Pradesh, Kashmir,
Uthrapradesh
28. Foxglove Digitalis lenata Himachal Pradesh, Kashmir,
Uthrapradesh
29. Pyrethrum Chrysanthemum Kashmir, nilgrils
cinerarifolium
30. Valerian Valeriana officinalis Western temperate Himalayas and Nilgiris
31. Aquarkara Anacyclus Himachal Pradesh, Kashmir,
pyrethrum Uthrapradesh
32. Vasambu Acorus calamus Kerela
33. Fig Ficus auriculata Maharastra, Pune, Karnataka, Punjab,
Bihar, West Bengal
34. Thyme Thymus vulgaris Western temperate Himalayas and Nilgiris
35. Ginger Zingiber officinale Ooty, kudalur, kodaikanal, pazhani,
Odissa, Himachalpradesh, West Bengal.
1.5 Probable districts for establishment of products manufacturing:
In Tamil Nadu, Medicinal and aromatic plants are cultivated widely around 20 districts.
However, agro-climatic conditions in Tirunelveli, Tuticorin, Kanyakumari, Madurai, Theni,
Dindigul, Nilgris, Coimbatore, Erode, Salem, Dharmapuri, Tiruvannamalai and Perambalur
districts possess huge potential for cultivating MAP’s and establishment of value added
manufacturing centers.
1.6 Number of industries available in large scale industries:
Approximately 55 large scale industries are involved in cultivation and value addition of
medicinal & aromatic plants production in Tamil Nadu. In the following table 2, some of the
domestic major players and famous brands engaged in manufacturing of Medicinal and
Aromatic plants and related products are provided:
Table 2: List of large scale industries
S.No Company name & location Activities
1 M/s Patanjali Ayurved, Haridwar, Cultivation, production, trading of

Uttarakhand. agricultural products.
2 M/s Dabur, Ghaziabad, UP. World leader in Ayurveda with a portfolio of

over 250 Herbal/ Ayurvedic products.
3 M/s Earthen Delight Agro products Engaged in cultivation, production, trading

Pvt ltd, Bengaluru. of agricultural products.
4 M/s Indian Worldwide Herbals, Engaged in manufacturing, supplying,

Chennai, Tamil Nadu. importing and exporting of medicinal Herbs.

5 M/s Mangalam Agro, Nagpur, Engaged in offering wide range of natural
Maharashtra. fragrance, Essential oil, Citronella oil etc.
6 M/s Ayush Life Elements, Neemuch, Engaged in manufacturing and supplying of

Madhyapradesh the wide assortment of Herbal Powder and
Leaves.
7 M/s Matribhumi Agriculture India Manufacturer and Trader of Spice Plant,

Private Limited, Manushpur, West Irrigation System, Vegetable Plant, Flower
Bengal. Plant.
8 M/S Shri Shail Medi Farms, Nagpur, Medicinal Plants and Ayush Kwath Powder
Maharashtra. manufacturer and supplier.
9 M/S Ayurleaf herbals, Mumbai, Manufacturer and supplier of natural herbs.

Maharashtra.
10 M/S Suman Aroma And Herbals, Wholesaler of Natural Attar, Natural Kewra
Barabanki, UP. Water, Slips Plant, Sandalwood Plants.
11 M/S Amritanjali Ayurved Private Manufacturer of a wide range of Medicinal

Limited Udaipur, Rajasthan. Seeds, Medicinal Herbal Powder.
12 M/S Malik Enterprise, Noida, Uttar Manufacturer and Trader of a wide range
Pradesh. of Decorative Flowers, Green Plants,
Green Trees.
13 M/S Mediaroma Agro Producer Manufacturing an assortment of Ayurvedic

Company LTD, Kasganj, UP. and Herbal Plants, Herbal Seeds,
Lemongrass slip.
14 M/S Genius Nature Herbs Private Manufacture of herbal products.

Limited, Coimbatore.
15 M/s Vanashree Agrotech, Hadapsar, Cultivating and supplying wide range of

Pune. agro products.
Above brands are having their own manufacturing units and/or having contract
manufacturing from other MSEs engaged in manufacturing of MAP’s and situated in various
clusters/areas of country.
1.7 Data about the imports of this product:
As per the DCMSME Import & Export database, among the 358 reserved products for
MSE’s, list of imported Medicinal & Aromatic plant products over the past three years is
shown in the following table 3.

Table 3: List of Imported MAP products based on DCMSME database
MSME_Sl Item Description Value (Rs. Crores)
2017-18 2018-19 2019-20
045 Castor Oil 0.266 0.331 0.567
172 Linseed Oil 3.996 0.653 1.027
199 Palma Rosa Oil 0.016 0.129 0.019
1.8 Data available for the exports well against this product:
As per the DCMSME Import & Export database, among the 358
reserved products for MSE’s, list of exported Medicinal & Aromatic plant
products over the past three years is indicated in table 4 below;
Table 4: List of Imported MAP products based on DCMSME database

MSME_Sl Item Description Value (Rs. Crores)
2017-18 2018-19 2019-20
045 Castor Oil 967.207 810.403 817.745
172 Linseed Oil 0.0285 0.007 0.046
199 Palma Rosa Oil 1.863 2.991 1.999
1.9 Scope for the number of unit’s & number of years can be established:
Drastic climatic conditions impose huge threat on cultivation and obtaining expected yield of
medicinal & aromatic plants (MAP’s). If hi-tech nursery concept utilized for the cultivation of
MAP’s, wide scope will arise for establishing significant additional processing units in Tamil
Nadu.
By implanting hi-tech nursery for MAP’s cultivation, around 500-600 units can be
established within a span of 5 years including timeline required for growth of crops.
1.10 The demand in the domestic market:
India has large biodiversity and is endowed with 45,000 plant species out of which about
15,000-20,000 plants are known to have medicinal properties. The Indian market has 1650
herbal formulation involving 540 major plant formulations. The market for medical plants in
India stood at Rs. 4.2 billion (US$ 56.6 million) in 2019 and is expected to increase at a
CAGR 38.5% to Rs. 14 billion (US$ 188.6 million) by 2026.
The Indian annual production of herbal drugs is estimated around INR 1000 million, while
the medicinal plant value is about INR 50.0 billion and the anticipated export is around INR
5500 million.
1.11 Demand of the export market:

Demand of Indian aromatic plants for essential oils, aroma chemicals and spices is
increasing rapidly and the global market is expanding. Leading essential oil market players,
such as doTERRA International and Moksha Lifestyle Products develop a wide variety of
essential oils, such as ginger oil, basil seeds oil, and others, to cater to the increasing
demands of essential oils in varied industries
The export of herbs and value-added extracts of medicinal herbs has been gradually
increasing over years. About 80% of the world population is dependent on medicinal plants
for healthcare and 20% of the pharma drugs are of plant origin, either extracted from the
plants or synthetic derivatives of these plant species. The demand for herbal/value-added
extracts of medicinal herbs is gradually increasing in foreign countries, especially in
European and other developed countries.
 The global herbal trade stands at USD120 billion in 2016 and is expected to
reach USD7 trillion by 2050.
 Despite a steady performance of MAP sector over the years, India’s share in the
world herbal export is insignificant (1.6%) and 2/3rd of it is in the form of raw
herbs.
 Global market for MAP’s is largely dominated by China, Japan, France,
Germany, Italy, Spain, UK and US.
 With a share 46.4%, the US is the largest importer of medicinal herbs value
added products from India in 2013. Other top importer countries include Pakistan
and Germany.
 Herbal drugs are used in cardio vascular (27%), respiratory (15.3%), digestive
(14.4%), hypnotics and sedatives (9.3%), miscellaneous (12%).
Considering the rich assorted and varied botanical resources available in the country, the
exported value is not impressive. India’s share in the global export of herbs and herbal
products is low due to unsophisticated agricultural and quality control procedures, lack of
processing, research & development, standardization in products and regulatory framework
in trade of medicinal plants.
Chapter 2: Technical Details
2.1 Sector in which the product is falling
Medicinal & Aromatic Plants (MAPs) are botanical raw materials, also known as herbal
drugs that are primarily used for therapeutic, aromatic and/or culinary purposes as
components of cosmetics, medicinal products, health foods and other natural health
products. They are the starting materials for value-added processed natural ingredients
such as essential oils, dry and liquid extracts and oleoresins. Following are the various
kinds of MAP’s used in the multiple sectors of industrial products.
 Aromatic Plants: they have essential oils, mostly in their leaves. Ex:
citronella and patchouli.
 Spices: they have substances with antiseptic and flavouring properties,

ex: cinnamon.
 Colorants: they have chemical components such as carotenes and

antocyans which can dye fabrics, food and cosmetics. Ex: Curcumin.

 Resins: they exude substances used for incenses, resins, and many
other uses. Ex: Protium spp
spp.
Processing of MAP’s and sector-wise applications
Various kind of products extracted from Aromatic plants are widely applied in perfumery
and aromatherapy which is depicted in the following diagram.
Applications of MAP’s into various industrial sectors
 Essential oils are produced by distillation, boiling or pressing of Aromatic plants.

plants
 Resinoids are often used in fragrances as a fixative that helps the fragrance to
endure rather than dissipate. Resinoids are mainly used as perfume
fume fixatives.
fixatives
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Development Institute
Institute- Madurai Page 10
 In concrete, due to the presence of heavier non-volatile compounds (waxes,
resins), concretes are partially soluble in ethanol. Hence, they are of limited use
in perfumery, but they can be employed for scenting soaps.
 Absolute oil is an essence, having an extremely high concentration of fragrance

very close to the natural smell of the plant material are produced through solvent
extraction from aromatic plants. Because of their high concentration of aromatics,
absolutes are most often used in perfumery instead of aromatherapy or other
health-related applications. Absolutes are often blended with essential oils, CO2
extracts and other types of extracted aromatics in alcohol or in a fixed oil.
Absolutes are largely used in the fragrance industry.
2.2 End users of the products/ sectors
The principal industrial sectors that consume MAPs are in order of importance: the
medicinal one and herbalist’s, food and perfumer - cosmetic. Inside these sectors, there are
the pharmaceutical industries and herbalist's, food, conditioning, manufacturers of essential
oils and extraction and formulation.
Table 5: End user of MAP’s
Use Product Applications
Pharmacological Powdered plants Phytotherapy
Extracts Homeopathy
Essential Oils Aromatherapy
Neutraceuticals
Culinary herbs
Isolated Active Principles Drugs
OTC medicines
Industrial raw Powdered plants Dietary complements
matter Essential Oils Extracts Food
Isolated Products Perfumery
Cosmoceuticals
Aromatic plants contain odorous, volatile, hydrophobic and highly concentrated compounds
called essential oils. These are obtained from various parts of the plant such as flowers,
buds, seeds, leaves, twigs, bark, wood, fruits and roots. The oils are usually extracted by
steam distillation, while currently the use of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction has
become increasingly popular. Aromatic plants—mainly their essential oils or components—
can act versus a large variety of organisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa,
parasites and insects. Moreover, the essential oils can exhibit hypolipidemic, antioxidant,
digestive stimulant, and antitoxigenic activities.

There are more than 3000 plants used for their essential oils of which about 300 are
ar used
commercially as flavors and fragrances. As shown in above figure,, the food industry uses
the oils in soft drinks, food confectionary, etc., and the cosmetic industry uses them in
perfumes, skin and hair care products, aromatotherapy, etc., while the pharmaceutical
industry utilizes them for their functional properties.
2.3 Governing Indian Standards
National Medicinal Plant board is operating a scheme known as ‘’Voluntary Certification

Scheme’’ for Medicinal Plant Produce under Ministry of Ayush which is co--jointly owned by
Quality Council of India (QCI)
(QCI).
Under the Scheme, any producer/collector/group of producers/collectors can obtain a
certification from an approved certification body (CB) and will be under regular surveillance
of the certification body. It also allows certification of intermediaries like traders who may
source certified medicinal plant material and supply further. QCI will initially provisionally
approve some CBs for the Scheme but ultimately the technical competence of such CBs
would be established through the internationally recognized concept of accreditation.
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Development Institute
Institute- Madurai Page 12
Procedure for obtaining Voluntary Certification Scheme
Apart from the above, Medicinal and Aromatic plants growers are advised to adapt the
following product quality standards.
 Good manufacturing practices (GMP).
 Good Agricultural practices (GAP).
 Good collection practices (GCP)
 Good laboratory practices (GLP)
 Organic certification from the National Programme for Organic Production may be
applicable for both cultivated and wild medicinal plants.
 Requirements for Good Agricultural practices-India GAP (Ref: FAD22 (1949) C)
2.4 Governing International Specification
The WHO Guidelines on Good Agricultural and Collection Practices (GACP) for Medicinal
Plants published by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2003) has provided a model for
adaptation in national and regional guidelines. Examples include guidelines developed by
the Swiss Import Promotion Programme (SIPPO) for collection of wild plants marketed as
“organic”, covering details of collection, drying and processing of wild collected materials as
well as purchase, processing and marketing aspects and the European Medicines Agency
(EMEA, 2006) guidelines on specific issues associated with agricultural production and
collection of medicinal plants or herbal substances in the wild, which emphasize cultivation,
good harvesting practices, quality assurance, primary processing, packaging and
documentation practices. The Botanical Raw Material Committee of the American Herbal
Products Association, in cooperation with the American Herbal Pharmacopoeia, has
developed GACPs for collectors and growers of herbs to verify the identity of herbal raw
material used in drugs and other products and to minimize adulteration (AHPA and AHP,
2006).
There is no exclusive scheme for medicinal plant certification. The Forest Stewardship
Council (FSC), although developed for timber certification, also includes medicinal plants
and other NWFPs under its purview. Currently, FSC provides NWFP/MAP certification for
individual species on a case-by-case basis as the variety and complexity of the

management criteria are much higher than for timber. The Programme for the Endorsement
of Forest Certification schemes (PEFC) recently issued a technical document on chain of
custody certification for NWFPs.
 International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9000 series for management
systems.
 ISO 14000 series for environmental management also apply to medicinal plants.
 International standards for organic certification, such as those of the International
Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements and may be applicable for both
cultivated and wild medicinal plants.
The International Standard for Sustainable Wild Collection of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
(ISSC-MAP) has been developed to meet the needs of industry, governments, certifiers,
resource managers, and collectors to understand whether wild collection activities for
medicinal and aromatic plants (MAP) are sustainable, and how to improve collection and
resource management operations that are detrimental to the long-term survival of these
resources. The ISSC-MAP is a generic set of principles and criteria focus on the ecological
sustainability of wild plant populations and species in their natural habitat, but it also
addresses the social and economic context of sustainable use.

2.5 Flow process chart of setting up a Hi-Tech nursery for MAP’s:
 Location
 Land Topography
 Soil
Site Selection for Hi-Tech Nursery  Water
 Drainage
 Logistics
 Labour
 Protection from wind
Hi-Tech nursery set up  Poly house

 Heating systems
 Cooling systems
 Shading systems
 Watering systems
 Fertigation
 Photoperiod control
 Control system
Preparation of nursery bed  Media preparation
 Fumigation
 Sunkeen beds
 Flat beds
 Raised beds
Applications of Manures &

Fertilizers
 Seed
Selection of vegetal material  Sprouts
 Roots
 Tendrils
 Soil treatment
Protection of seedlings  Solarisation of soil
 Steam treatment
 Chemical treatment
Vegetal material Propagation  Propagation by seeds

 Vegetal propagation
Plantation Establishment  Manual (savory or thyme

bunches)
 Semi-manual (lemon verbena
leaves)
 Mechanized (thyme, lemon
Harvesting balm, lavender)

2.6 Qualitative parameters of the product
The medicinal value of MAP’s is due to the presence of particular bioactive constituents.
Aromatic and medicinal plants has presence of metabolites such as alkaloids, Flavanoids,
Phenolic compounds, Saponin, Steroids, Tannins, Terpenoids, Glycosides, etc. Their
extracts and essential oils contain a variety of functional bioactive compounds, which have
possible applications in the food, feed, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Qualitative
parameters persent in commercially used MAP’s are listed in below table 6.
Table 6: Qualitative parameters of commercial MAP’s
Sl No Common Medicinal use Qualitative parameters of the MAP
name
1. Tulsi Cough, Cold, Oleanolic acid, Ursolic acid, Rosmarinic acid,
bronchitis
Eugenol, Carvacrol, Linalool, and β-caryophyllene
2. Pippermint Digestive, Anti- Menthol, menthone , Carvone, linalool and linanyl
imflammatory acetate
3. Basil Cold, cough Estragol, Eugenol, Linalol, thymol, Tannins, basil
camphor
4. Rosemary Cosmetics Cineol,Borneol, Monoterpene, Linalool, Verbenol
5. Clocimum Cosmetics Methyl Eugenol
6. Chamomile Cosmetics , Anti- Alpha-bisabolol, alpha-bisabolol oxides A & B
imflammatory
7. Lavender Cosmetics, Linalool, linalyl acetate, lavandulol, geraniol, bornyl
Cosmetics acetate, borneol, terpineol, eucalyptol
8. Geranium Cosmetics Geraniol, Rhodinol.
9. Palmarosa Cosmetics Geraniol, Geraniol acetate.
10. Citronella Insecticide Geraniol, Citronellol.
11. Lemon grass Insecticide Citral & Vitamin A.
12. Vettiver Cosmetics Khusimene, selinene, vetivenene,
cyclocopacamphanol, vetiselinenol, khusimol,
isovalencenol, khusimone, alpha-vetivone, vetivone
13. Eucalyptus Anti-inflammatory Monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, and aromatic
phenols, oxides, ethers, alcohols, esters,
aldehydes and ketones
14. Patchouli Cosmetics, Insect Patchoulol and norpatchoulenol
repellent
15. Senna Natural remedy Sennosides
for constipation,
Laxative
16. Periwinkle To treat High Reserpine, Ajmalcine, Serpentine, Vincristine &
Blood pressure vinblastine
and Lukeamia
17. Glory Lily Rheumatism, Colchicoside, Colchicine, Superbine
Leprosy
18. Coleus Glaucoma Forskohlin
19. Aswagandha Restorative, Withanine, Somniferine, Somniferinine
Tonic, stress,
nerves disorder
20. Aloe Skin care Aloin, Allosan
21. Long pepper Cough, Muscle Piperine, Longumine
relaxant, Laprasy

Sl No Common Medicinal use Qualitative parameters of the MAP
name
22. Sarpagandha High blood Ajmaline, Ajmalinine, Ravolfinine, Ravolscinne,
pressure, Reserpine, Serpentine, Serpentinine.
Insomnia.
23. Medicinal Anti-inflammatory Testosterone, Corticosteroid
solanum
24. Safed musli Immunity booster Saponin
25. Annato Antioxidant, Bixin, Norbixin.
anticancer, and
antimicrobial
26. Shatavri Diabetes, COPD Rutin, Aspartic acid
27. Medicinal yam Corticosteroids Progestrone, Testosterone, Cortisone
28. Foxglove To cure heart Digitoxin, Gitoxin, Digoxin
diseases
29. Pyrethrum Insecticide Pyrethrin, Jasmolin, Cinerin
30. Valerian Insomnia Valtrate, Valepotriates
31. Aquarkara Central nerve Anacyclin, pellitorin
system stimulator
32. Vasambu Indigestion Asarone, Acorine, Calaminol
33. Fig Constipation, Gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, flavonoids
Diabetes, COPD
34. Thyme Antiseptic, Thymol, Carvacrol, Borneol, eucalyptol, Thymene.
Antibiotic,
Antispasmodie
35. Ginger Indigestion, anti- Camphene, Gingerbrine, Borneol
inflammatory
2.7 Details of the product licenses to be obtained
A commercial nursery business requires a business license which is a rather lengthy

process. Normally, a nursery business would be considered an "agricultural use", but in
some cases it may also be interpreted as “commercial", "agribusiness", or some other
classification. Permits regarding establishment of green houses must be taken before
erection of a green house, storage building or warehouse for storing materials and
equipment required in a nursery. A nursery business may require a property hazard
insurance, workmen's compensation and general liability insurance to allow visitors to the
nursery. Nurseries in some areas may have to fulfill the government agricultural inspection
requirements as per the body governing the area. Permissions are also required from the
local authorities for availing electricity, water and other facilities.
For getting license to set-up plant nursery unit in India, pay challan of Rs.100/- in the name
of state director of horticulture or in any government treasury, or state bank of India. The
license will be initially provided for a period of 3 years and is further extended after
submission of renewal application. Licensing requirements for plant nursery units includes
the following-
 The person responsible for setting up the nursery should get prior license to initiate
the business.
 The department will inspect the stocks from where the mother plant samplings or
stockings are purchased which should be an authorized one.

 Inspection of the land documents where the nursery plant will be set up along with
the climatic conditions.
 Investigate the seeds or samplings, containers, mulching, soil conditions of the land
selected to propagate, equipment and implements.
2.8 Equipment required for the manufacturing of the product
Setting up a Hi-Tech nursery basically requires the following

equipments.
Table 7: List of Equipments required for nursery

Sl Equipment Uses
No name
1. Axe Use for cutting trees and splitting of wodden logs.
2. Dah Used for cutting small trees, shrubs and clearance of
jungle growth.
3. Felling DAO Used for cutting wood, bamboo, vegetables etc. It is also
used for clearing jungle growth and bushes.
4. Billhook Used for lopping of branches, cutting of shrubs and other
hard vegetative material.
5. Budding & grafting knife For budding and grafting in vegetables, nurseries and
fruit gardens. Also used for cutting of unwanted twigs,
defoliation of leaves and general cutting works in
nurseries.
6. Pruning Secateurs For cutting the unwanted branches or twigs of the trees.
7. Chain Saw Used to trim dead wood from the trees, to remove
inconveniently placed branches or fell trees.
8. Hedge shear Used for pruning and trimming of hedge and giving it
desired shape. Also used for cutting of shrubs.
9. Hedge trimmer Used for trimming hedges, shrubs and brambles.
10. Lopping & Used for pruning and cutting of branches and twig up to
Forester shear 60 mm thick of the trees.
11. Grass shear Used for trimming of the grass in the lawn. It is also used
for side dressing of the lawn and cutting of the soft
vegetative material.
12. Garden sword Used for cutting of the grass in the lawns and in the field.
It can be used for cutting or clearing the bushes with thin
and soft stems.
13. Flower For cutting flowers with stems and other soft vegetative
scissors materials.
14. Rotating disc / The mower is used for cutting grass in lawns and fields.
lawn mower
15. Crow bar For digging holes or pits for planting and fencing.
16. Power tiller Suitable for digging circular pits for planting saplings.
operated
auger digger
17. Post hole To dig holes for planting tree saplings.
digger
18. Screen To control amount of light, humidity and temperature.
19. Water heating To circulate hot water through network of pipes.

Sl Equipment Uses
No name
20. Extractor fan To renew the air inside the green house, extracting the
hot air from the inside.
21. Air circulation Efficient distribution of the air inside the green house.
fan
22. Cooling Water evaporation cooling system.
23. Fertigation Simultaneous application of water and fertilizers through
the irrigation system.
24. Fod system Misting system used for increasing the humidity and
lower the temperature.
25. Inflatable roof Creating of an air chamber between layers of plastic
allows saving energy and controlling the temperature.
26. Climate control Wide range of climate controllers for the automated
management of greenhouses.
General nursery tools Automated container filling machine
2.9 Test facilities required for the product
The testing of herbs and herbal products requires a variety of test facilities and equipments
as listed below.
 HPTLC  Water bath
 HPLC  Hot plate
 GC/ GCMS  U V– Spectrophotometer
 ICP-MS  Refractometer
 Microscope  Polarimeter
 pH meter  Karl Fisher titration
 Distillation apparatus
 Muffle furnace
 Clevenger apparatus for volatile oil
 Drying oven/ Hot air
 Flame photometer
oven
 Viscometer
 Balance
 Tap density apparatus
 DT apparatus

Cultivated Medicinal, Aromatic crops and their derivatives like AYUSH products and
Essential oils from various crops are governed by a list of Indian standards as enlisted in
Table 8 below.
Table 8: List of Indian Standards applicable for MAP’s
S.No Test method/ ISO standard Test Description
1 United States Pharmacopoeia, USP 61 Microbial enumeration test is

USP 40(61) Microbiological a quantitative test which determines the Total
Tests: 2018 Aerobic Microbial Count (TAMC) and Total
Yeast and Mold Count (TYMC) present in the
test product
2 API Vol. IX (Part I) Section Heavy metal analysis
3.1.2: 2016
3 USP articles of botanical Residual pesticide analysis
origin: 2014
4 API VOL IX (PART 1):2016 Acid insoluble ash
5 API Vol. IX (Part 1)Section Alcohol soluble extractive value

2.1.8: 2016
6 API Vol. IX (Part I)Section Loss on drying
2.1.4: 2016
7 API VOL IX (PART 1)Section Macroscopic & Microscopic Identification
2.1.1: 2016
8 API VOL IX (PART 1)Section Total Ash
2.1: 2016
9 API, Vol. IX, Section2.1.9: Water soluble extractive value
2016
10 API VOL IX (PART 1) :2016 Foreign Matter
2.10 The technology existing for the manufacturing of the product
Various medicinal plants such as Tulsi, Mint stevia, Gudamari and Brahmi are suitable for
homestead cultivation. Mostly medicinal and aromatic plants are maintained and conserved
by ex- situ and in situ methods. Following are the common methods employed for MAP’s
cultivation.
 Transplanting from plant cuttings:
In this methodology, plant cuttings about 4-5 cm long obtained by cutting mother plants into
small pieces, each containing a few leaves, nodes and roots are used as planting materials.
The cuttings are transplanted in wet soil at spacing of 40 cm x 40 cm. Flood irrigation is
provided immediately after planting. Ex: Medicinal plant Brahmi is cultivated by
transplanting method.
 Propagation from seeds:
Producing plants from seeds is the most important propagation method for agronomic,
forestry, vegetable and flowering bedding plants. These methods vary from field seeding

operations to very sophisticated greenhouse transplant production systems. Ex: Tulsi is
propagated through seeds.
 Nursery raising:
The soil should be well pulverized for forming the seed bed and it should be a raised bed
one. Mature seeds are collected in polyboxes/bags or small plots as nursery. The seedlings
raised are transplanted in field. The climber is given proper support for its better growth and
development. It can also be planted in between trees as intercropping. Some of the MAP’s
that are cultivated from nursery raisings are Gudmar, Ashwagandha, Sarpagandha,
Asparagus, Stevia , Kalmegh, Giloe, Lemon grass and Aloevera.
Cultivated MAP’s are extracted and processed for direct consumption as herbal or
traditional medicine. Preparation of MAP’s for experimental purposes involves the proper
and timely collection of the plant, authentication by an expert, adequate drying, and
grinding. This is followed by extraction, fractionation, and isolation of the bioactive
compounds. Extraction of medicinal plants is a process of separating active plant materials
or secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes, saponins, steroids, and
glycosides from inert or inactive material using an appropriate solvent and standard
extraction procedure.
Several methods were used in the extraction of MAP’s such as maceration, infusion,
decoction, percolation, digestion and Soxhlet extraction, superficial extraction, ultrasound-
assisted, and microwave-assisted extraction. In addition, thin-layer chromatography (TLC),
high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), paper chromatography (PC), and gas
chromatography (GC) were used in separation and purification of the secondary
metabolites. The choice of an appropriate extraction method depends on the nature of the
plant material, solvent used, pH of the solvent, temperature, and solvent to sample ratio.
Following flow chart depicts the commonly practiced extraction technologies;
Percolation Digestion MAE Various distillations
MAP’s commonly used extraction technologies
Infusion Decoction Soxhlet extraction Maceration
2.11 Suggested modern technology for implementation or available in the market
Traditional methods of extraction and processing of herbs and medicinal plants such as
Soxhlet, steam distillation or cold press are still in use. These methods of extraction lack
selectivity, give lower yields and because it uses large volume of organic solvents it present
safety concern and environmental risk. Several new extraction techniques for improving
efficiency and selectivity are now replacing the old methods of extraction.

With technological advancement, several new extraction techniques for improving efficiency
and selectivity are developed, such as the production of costly essential oils in a natural
state without any alteration of their thermosensitive components or the extraction of
essential oils for micro-analysis. Some of the novel extraction methods are:
 Headspace trapping techniques

 Static headspace technique
 Vacuum headspace technique
 Dynamic headspace technique
 Solid phase micro-extraction (SPME)
 Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE)
 Phytosol (phytol) extraction
 Protoplast technique
 Simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE)
 Microwave distillation
 Controlled instantaneous decomposition (CID)
 Thermomicrodistillation
 Molecular spinning band distillation
 Membrane extraction
 Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE)
 Subcritical Water Extraction (SWE)
 Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SCFE)
 Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE)
 Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE).
2.12 Raw material required and availability
Raw material inputs like mother plants, seeds, media, polybags, fertilizers, manures,
pesticides and consumables like labels, stationery, electricity and telephone are required for
setting up a hi-tech nursery unit.
Mother plants and seeds are available from Government nurseries or from Agricultural
Universities. Mother plants should be selected very carefully as the sale of the nursery
stock depends on the mother plants used for the propagation.
Bulk quantity of planting material such as seeds, cuttings, suckers, seedlings, etc. for
medicinal and aromatic plants are available from CSIR- Central Institute of Medicinal and
Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, Hyderabad and National Medicinal Plants Board
(NMCB), New Delhi. To ensure availability of planting material Entrepreneur need to
contact the CSIR-CIMAP or NMPB at least 12 months in advance.
Following are the raw material requirements for setting up a Hi-tech nursery.
 Manures and organic fertilizers
 Riverbed soil
 Seeds/ mother plants
 Plastic material for polybag
 Fertilizers for saplings and mother plants
 Water charges
 Electricity
 Plant protection

 Label and stationery
2.13 Covering raw material standards Indian/ International standards
For medicinal plants, ICMR has a series of books on “Quality Standards of Indian Medicinal
Plants”, which contains monographs on 35 plants along with the quantitative standards
such as foreign matter, acid insoluble ash, ethanol soluble extractive and water soluble
extractives of herbs & herbal drugs.
Cultivated Medicinal, Aromatic crops and their derivatives like AYUSH products and
Essential oils from various crops are governed by a list of Indian standards as enlisted
below.
Table 9: List of raw materials Standards
S.No Test method/ ISO standard Test Description
Governing Indian Standards
1 United States Pharmacopoeia, USP 61 Microbial enumeration test is

USP 40(61) Microbiological a quantitative test which determines the
Tests: 2018 Total Aerobic Microbial Count (TAMC)
and Total Yeast and Mold Count (TYMC)
present in the test product
2 API Vol. IX (Part I) Section Heavy metal analysis
3.1.2: 2016
3 USP articles of botanical origin: Residual pesticide analysis
2014
4 API VOL IX (PART 1):2016 Acid insoluble ash
5 API Vol. IX (Part 1)Section Alcohol soluble extractive value
2.1.8: 2016
6 API Vol. IX (Part I)Section Loss on drying
2.1.4: 2016
7 API VOL IX (PART 1)Section Macroscopic & Microscopic Identification
2.1.1: 2016
8 API VOL IX (PART 1)Section Total Ash
2.1: 2016
9 API, Vol. IX, Section2.1.9: 2016 Water soluble extractive value
10 API VOL IX (PART 1) :2016 Foreign Matter
Governing International Standards
1 Quality control methods for 1. Powder fineness and sieve size

medicinal plant materials 2. foreign matter
ISBN 92 4 154510 0 (NLM 3. Macroscopic and microscopic
Classification: QV 766) examination
4. Thin-layer chromatography
5. Ash content
6. Extractable matter
7.Water and volatile matter
8. Volatile oils
9. Bitterness value
10.Haemolytic activity
11.Tannins content
12. Swelling index
13.Foaming index
14. Pesticide residues
15.Arsenic and heavy metals
16.Microorganisms
17.Radioactive contamination

18.Culture media and strains of
microorganisms
Chapter 3: Project Report on Hi-Tech Nursery Plants
3.1 Introduction:
Hi tech nurseries is a method of precision farming where plant protection and fertigation are
applied at the root zone and plants are grown in precise conditions of temperature and
humidity for uniformity and maximization of yield. There are two approaches viz.,
Greenhouse / poly house system and open air system.
Hi-Tech nurseries grow plants in greenhouse, building of glass or a plastic tunnel, designed
to protect young plants from harsh weather, while allowing access to light and ventilation.
Modern greenhouses allow automated control of temperature, ventilation, light, watering
and feeding. In such type of nurseries plants with great economic value, rare and medicinal,
herbal plants are propagated.
3.2 Aromatic & Medicinal Plant Hi-Tech nurseries:
There is considerable increase in people adopting ayurvedic medicines with the changing
life style. It is also necessary to conserve the fast depleting precious medicinal and
aromatic plants. To save and multiply the valuable medicinal and other auspicious plants,
nurseries specializing in these plants have begun to flourish. These plants are also
demanded by the Ayurvedic medicinal practitioners.
There is sudden increase in the demand for certain Aromatic and medicinal plants. There is
necessity to have special techniques and methods to meet the demand and only Hi-tech
nurseries can satisfy this type of demand. Fully automated nursery in which all
environmental factors are controlled and manipulated for production of healthy planting
materials.
There is increasing awareness among farmers and urban dwellers on use and advantages
of various medicinal and aromatic plants. Aloe vera, sarpagandha, ashwagandha,

Asparagus racemosus, adulsa, Vinca rosea, senna, Bacopa monnieri, aonla, hirda, behda,
safed musali, mint, basil, citronella, lemongrass, khus etc are important crops which are
processed for their medicinal and aromatic value. Many plants like mint, citronella,
lemongrass, safed musali are grown as commercial plantation by the farmers. Such plants
are traded for their high value oils and tuber powder. Most of these medicinal and aromatic
plants are supplied through nurseries of State Agricultural Universities and nurseries
established under the support of National Medicinal Plants Board or under National
Horticulture Mission.
Plant materials with high content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids were found to
possess antioxidant properties, and hence are used to treat age-related diseases such as
Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinsonism, anxiety, and depression.
3.3 Market:
The Indian market has 1650 herbal formulation involving 540 major plant formulations. The
market for medical plants in India stood at Rs. 4.2 billion (US$ 56.6 million) in 2019 and is
expected to increase at a CAGR 38.5% to Rs. 14 billion (US$ 188.6 million) by 2026. The
Indian annual production of herbal drugs is estimated around INR 1000 million, while the
medicinal plant value is about INR 50.0 billion and the anticipated export is around INR
5500 million.
Demand of Indian aromatic plants for essential oils, aroma chemicals and spices is
increasing rapidly and the global market is expanding. About 80% of the world population is
dependent on medicinal plants for healthcare and 20% of the pharma drugs are of plant
origin, either extracted from the plants or synthetic derivatives of these plant species. The
demand for herbal/value-added extracts of medicinal herbs is gradually increasing in
foreign countries, especially in European and other developed countries.
The global herbal trade stands at USD120 billion in 2016 and is expected to reach USD7
trillion by 2050. With a share 46.4%, the US is the largest importer of medicinal herbs value
added products from India in 2013. Other top importer countries include Pakistan and
Germany. Herbal drugs are used in cardio vascular (27%), respiratory (15.3%), digestive
(14.4%), hypnotics and sedatives (9.3%), miscellaneous (12%).
3.4 Basis & Presumptions:
1. This project is based on single shift basis and 300 working days in a year.
2. The cost of machinery & equipment/materials indicated refer to a particular make

and the prices are approximate to these prevailing in the market at the time of
preparation of this profile.
3. Depreciation has been taken as an –
a) On Machinery & Equipment @ 10%

b) On Office Furniture & Fixture @ 10%
4. Interest on Total Capital Investment has been taken @ 13% per annum.
5. Minimum 40% of the total investment is required as margin money.

6. Payback period of the project will be 2-5 years depending upon the capacity
utilization.
7. Break Even Point has been calculated at the full capacity utilization.
8. For smooth functioning of unit it is suggested that unit should have a good stock of
quality raw materials.
3.5 Implementation Schedule:
The following steps involves in the implementation of the project.

a) Selection of site.
b) Form ownership.
c) Feasibility report.
d) Registration with National Horticultural Board.
e) Arrangement of finance.
f) Construction of Green house & storage area.
g) Recruitment of manpower.
h) Arrangement of raw materials including packaging materials.
i) Selection of marketing channel.
j) Miscellaneous work i.e. Power and Water connection, Pollution control board clearance etc.
Normally 3 months is required to implement the project.
S.No. Approving
Name of Service/ License Timeline (in Days)
authority
Application for Land / Plot

1 Allotment SIDCO/ SIPCOT 30 Days
CSIR-CIMAP /
2 Registration of Farmers -
CAP
3 Application for new connection LT / Tamil Nadu 15 Days

HT line – non domestic / industrial Electricity
board
Application for Water Connection Tamil Nadu
4 Water Supply 15 Days
and Drainage
Board

5 Application for building plan Directorate
30 Days
approval of town council &
planning
Application for Completion cum
6 30 Days
Occupancy Certificate
30 days - Green Category

7 Consent to Establish under TN Pollution
30 days - Orange Category
prevention of pollution control Control Board
45 days - Red Category
Application for Pre- Establishment
Health & safety NOC Directorate of
Industrial safety & 15 Days
8 Health
Application for Pre- Operational Fire
NOC Tamil Nadu Fire &
rescue service 30 Days
9
Registration under GST Department of 3 Days
10 Commercial Tax
Registration under Labour Department of 15 Days
11 department labour
3.6 Technical Aspects:
1. Greenhouse technology:
Growing of crops in green houses has proved to be the best way of utilizing the crops
potential. Computerized control of irrigation, fertilization (Fertigation) and microclimate in
green house enable precise monitoring of the most important production practices. In
temperate regions where the climatic conditions are extremely adverse and no crops can
be grown high value crops can be grown continuously by providing protection from the
adverse climatic conditions such as wind, cold, precipitation, excessive radiation, extreme
temperature, insects and diseases through Greenhouse Technology.
A greenhouse is a framed, infrastructure covered with a transparent material in which crops
can be grown under at least partially controlled environment. Various designs of
greenhouse viz., shade net house, plastic film green house, glass house and natural green

houses may be designed according to the need and resource availability. A shade net
nursery usually has 20 m x 10 m dimensions. It is erected using GI pipes as a support. UV
stabilized HDPE green or black colour shade net of 50 to 75% shade intensity is used to
cover the nursery area at a height of 6.5 feet. Wire grid is provided at the top of the
structure as support for shade net. To prevent insect entry, 40 mesh UV stabilized nylon
insect proof net is fitted on all the four sides of the nursery. Provision is also made to pull
polythene sheet over the pro-trays in the event of rainfall by way of making low tunnel
structure. For preparing low cost polytunnel structure, 3/4" LDPE pipes and 400 gauge UV
stabilized polyethylene sheet are used. Sometime bamboo poles and polysheets may also
be used. Glass house is preferred when the greenhouse is to be placed against the side of
an existing building. It makes best use of sunlight and minimizes the requirements for roof
supports. Consolidation of interior space reduces labor, lowers the cost of automation,
improves personnel management, and reduces energy consumption. Glass greenhouse is
seldom used today because they are not adaptable to automation. The construction cost of
glass house is more than that of plastic film greenhouses. Several styles of glass
greenhouses are designed to meet specific needs.
i. Advantages of greenhouses:
 The yield may be 10-12 times higher than that of outdoor cultivation
depending upon the type of greenhouse, type of crop, environmental
control facilities.
 The technology is ideally suited for vegetables and flower crops
where uniformity in yield is very important.
 Year round production of floricultural crops and Off-season
production of vegetable and fruit crops is possible.
 Disease-free and genetically superior transplants can be produced
continuously.
 Efficient utilization of chemicals, pesticides to control pest and
diseases and efficient use of Water.
 Production of quality produce free of blemishes.
 Most useful in monitoring and controlling the instability ofvarious
ecological system.
ii. Classification of greenhouses:

Greenhouse structure of various types are used for crop production. The different types of
greenhouses based on shape, utility, construction, material and cost are briefly given
below:

Green house classification
Based on shape Based on Utility Based on Based on Based on cost

a) Spherical dome a) Active heating construction covering factor
b) Hyperbolic b) Active cooling a) High cost
a) Wooden material
paraboloid framed b) Medium
a) Glass glazing
c) Qounset structure cost
b) Fibre
d) Modified b) Pipe framed c) Low cost
reinforced
Quonset structure plastic glazing
e) Gothic arc c) Truss framed c) Plastic film
f) Mansard roof structure
g) Gsnic even
span
h) Modified arch
i) Modified IARI
iii. Components and Features of a Hi-tech green house Agriculture system
a) Polythene
Poly house / Green houses are made of transparent, tight, cheap and flexible polythene.
This enables cultivation of vegetables and other crops in any season of the year depending
upon their requirement, because temperature and humidity can easily be controlled in
Polyhouses as they prevent the thermal radiation from escaping which increases the
temperature and energy and thus helps in the process of photosynthesis. It is well
established that for the production of energy vegetable, fruits and flower crop, the
polyhouses are constructed with the help of ultraviolet plastic sheets, so that they may last
for more than 5 years. Sheets are usually of 1501-micron thick plastic sheet and draped
around bamboo or iron pipes which are more durable but costlier.
b) Heating Systems
Heating is usually required in winter season. Generally the solar energy is sufficient to
maintain inner temperature of polyhouse but when this is insufficient, via media like
construction of a tunnel below the earth of polyhouse, covering the northern wall of the
house by jute clothing, covering whole of the polyhouse with jute cloth during night and
installing solar heating systems can be considered.
c) Cooling systems
In summer season when ambient temperature rises above 40 °C during daytime, the
cooling of polyhouse is required. This is done by providing adequate ventilation and
removing the internal air of polyhouse out of it in a natural manner or by installing high
power fans which need to be switched on at regular intervals. Installation of cooler on
eastern or Western Wall can also be done to keep the temperature low and maintain proper
humidity. Alternatively Water-misting mechanism can be installed.

d) Shading systems
Certain plants are damaged due to very high light intensity during summer. Shading
reduces light intensity and cools the microclimate inside the greenhouse. Shade paints
(lime or Redusol or Vari clear), agro-shade nets or retractable thermal screens are
generally used and operated manually or through automatic devices.
e) Watering systems
Water quality is very important and often overlooked. Total salt-content levels, alkalinity
levels, the balance of individual ions such as boron and fluoride can all have serious
bearing on crop success. The water sources should be tested before a greenhouse is
established. Electrical conductivity level should be 0.75 – 1.5 dS/m and a pH of 6-7.
Automatic watering system through drips or overhead foggers are generally used
depending upon the crop.
f) Fertigation
It varies from single broad casting of fertilizers to use of soluble grade fertilizers over
different operating systems. One of the most modern technologies is currently offered by
Priva – Phillips Nutriflux or Van Vliet Midi Aqua Flexilene System. Both the system have
nutrient plant demand of nutrients in relation to EC/pH of the media, temperature, RH, light
intensity, crop growth, mineral deficiency, etc.
g) Photoperiod control
Several plant species flower only when they are exposed to specific light duration. Yield
and quality of flower crops could be increased with artificial lighting during night hours.
Cyclic lighting is most effective. Short day conditions in greenhouses can be created with
fully automatic, semi-automatic or manual ‘black out’ system using good quality black
polythene sheets, especially for chrysanthemum.
h) Control system
A manual or semi-automatic control system is less capital intensive but requires a lot of
attention and care. Recently, computerized control systems are available which can
integrate temperature, light intensity, relative humidity, CO2, plant moisture, nutrient
requirement, and plant-protection measures.
i) Equipment’s needed
In case of permanent polyhouse structure steel and fibre made glass are galvanised hallow
pipe-having glass or transparent polythene sheet structure is needed. For small farmers
they can build up the polyhouse they require bamboo structure on which polythene sheet is
used for cover purpose. For irrigation facility sprinkler irrigation unit is needed, while for
controlling the air temperature ventilators are required.
For polyhouse roof construction, plastic film, nylon, acrylic, vinyl, polycarbonate and
polyethylene film can be used. At present among the available polyfilm, use of film of 200
microns or 800 gauge thickness ultraviolet protective film is considered. The framework of
polyhouse should be made of G.I pipe.
j) Watering system

Micro irrigation system is the best for watering plants in a greenhouse. Micro sprinklers or
drip irrigation equipment can be used. In micro sprinkler system, water under high pressure
is forced through nozzles arranged on a supporting stand at about 1 feet height. This
facilitates watering at the base level of the plants. Equipment required for drip irrigation
system includes;
 A pump unit to generate 2.8kg/cm2 pressure.

 Water filtration system – sand/silica/screen filters.
 Drippers of different types are available.
 Labyrinth drippers.
 Turbo drippers.
 Pressure compensating drippers containing silicon
membrane which assures uniform flow rate for years.
 Button drippers. These are good for pots, orchards and
are available with side outlet/top outlet or micro tube out
let
 Pot drippers cones with long tube.
 Water output in drippers.
• 16mm dripper at 2.8kg/cm2 pressure gives
2.65 litres /hour (LPH).
• 15mm dripper at 1 kg/cm2 pressure gives 1
to 4 litres per hour.
 Filters for different types of water.
 Gravel filter: Used for filtration of canal / reservoir water
contaminated by organic impurities, algae etc. The
filtering is done by beds of basalt or quartz.
 Hydro cyclone: Used to filter well or river water that
carries sand particles.
 Disc filters: Used to remove fine particles suspended in
water.
 Screen filters: Stainless steel screen of 120 mesh
(0.13mm) size. This is used for second stage filtration of
irrigation water.
k) Fertigation system
Fertigation systems are automatic mixing and dispensing units which consist of system
pumps and a supplying device. The fertilizers are dissolved separately in tanks and are
mixed in a given ratio and supplied to the plants through drippers.
l) Fertilizer Injectors
Fertilizer injectors are of two basic types. Those that inject concentrated fertilizer into water
lines on the basis of the venturi principle and those that inject using positive displacement.
The most common in use in Kerala is the Venturi Sytem. Basically these injectors work by
means of a pressure difference between the irrigation line and the fertilizer stock tank.
These injectors are inexpensive and are suitable for small areas. Large amounts of fertilizer
application would require huge stock tanks due to its narrow ratio.

iv. Environmental control
a) Temperature control
A thermostat can be coupled to water circulating pump or exhaust fan for controlling the
temperature inside the greenhouse.
b) Relative humidity control

A humidistat coupled to water circulating pump or exhaust fan is used to control the relative
humidity inside the fan and pad greenhouse. The maximum achievable relative humidity is
90% only in fan regulated (FR) greenhouse. The RH in Non ventilated (NV) GH can be
increased by providing foggers.
c) Light intensity control

In certain areas where natural illumination is absent or very low, illumination for plants may
be provided by artificial sources. Incandescent bulbs generate excessive heat and are
unsatisfactory in most instances. Fluorescent tubes are useful as the sole source of light for
African violets, gloxinias and many foliage plants which grow satisfactorily at low light
intensities.
2. Site Selection for Hi-Tech nursery
Selection of site is the basic requirement of a nursery. Site is a place upon which
one can produce seedlings of plants. Qualities of a good site are;
 Nearness of road
 Near a habitat Suitable climate
 Neither shady nor exposed area
 Sufficient sunlight
 Good irrigation facilities
 Good soil condition
 Good transport facility
Nursery plants require due care and attention after having either emerged from the seeds
or have been raised from other sources like rootstock or through tissue culture technique.
Generally plants are grown in the open field under the protection of Mother Nature where,
they should be able to face the local environment. It is the duty and main objective of a
commercial nursery grower to supply the nursery plants with suitable conditions necessary
for their development and growth. Hi-tech nursery is established under protected structures
in which the nursery can be successfully raised are as follows.
Thatched roof: In this type of nursery, a thatched roof is constructed over the nursery beds,
which protects the seedlings from damage caused by extreme wind, rain, heat, etc.
Shade-net: Such a nursery is raised under shade-net houses. To give different amount of
shade to plants based on their requirements, shade-nets of different colours and mesh
sizes are used as covering material.
3. Tools for Hi-tech nursery management
There are four main tools for planning nursery operations

1. Nursery calendars: A nursery calendar to help plan necessary
actions and purchases of seed, supplies and equipment.
2. Plant development registers: A plant development register for

collecting species-specific information about seed treatment,
germination requirements and duration, plant development, special
requirements for potting substrate, watering, shading or disease control.
3. Nursery inventories: A nursery inventory to keep track of the species

and numbers of seedlings in different stages of development.
4. Records of nursery experiments: A record of ongoing nursery

experiments.
All four can be maintained in tabular form designed for ease of data
capture on to computer programs. Computerized systems have
increased the flexibility of data collection and analysis, making it easy for
a nursery manager to correlate the collected information to necessary
actions rapidly.
4. Location and Infrastructure Requirements for Nursery

Nursery like any other enterprise requires certain resources. The criteria for selection of
products also depend on these resources. These resources thus play a very important role
in determining the type of nursery enterprise. These physical resources are enlisted below,
1. Land:
Land is the basic and fundamental physical resource for plant nursery. The area available
must be considered before planning the nursery and the products. Soil sample testing
should be done to avoid problematic and unmanageable soils. Soil should be well drained,
porous and light to medium in texture. Soil pH should be 6.5 – 7.5. Heavy, black cotton soil,
sandy, ill drained and soils having high pH more than 8 are strictly avoided. Low lying land
should not be selected. The soils should be free from salts and other harmful elements. The
selected site should be close to railway station or bus station. Wind breaks and shelter belts
should be raised prior to planting nursery plants. Entrepreneurs may also seek the
guidance from the district agriculture / horticulture departments or KVKs in the regions for
identifying ideal location for nursery units.
2. Soil:
Well drained, light to medium textured fertile soils are preferred for setting up commercial
nursery units. Low lying areas prone for water logging, saline and alkaline soils should be
avoided.
3. Labour:
Labour is another important resource. Degree of mechanization must be considered before

estimating the labor requirement. Skilled as well as unskilled man power is necessary for
grafting, budding, weeding, irrigation, spraying, dusting, training, pruning, etc. Technically
sound gardeners are also necessary. Labour should be available at reasonable rates.

4. Electricity:
The availability of power or electricity is also very important and is in accordance with the
man power available. Load shedding should be minimum possible. Regular supply of
electricity is very essential. Electricity is required for water pumps, spraying, dusting and
many other operations.
5. Road and Transport:
Once the nursery stock is ready for sale, there should be good roads and transport
facilities. These facilities are also required for timely importing of stock and other material
for the nursery.
5. Project Components
1. Irrigation Facilities: Sufficient and assured supply of irrigation is the most important
basic resource. Quality of irrigation water should be at prescribed level. Harmful factors
can be tested by water testing in laboratory. The pH and electrical conductivity (EC) of
irrigation water should be tested. Depending upon the production components of an
integrated nursery units which comprises of mother plant garden, rootstock nurseries,
poly tunnels, mist chambers, etc., different types of irrigation systems are required to be
designed and installed.
2. Propagation Structures: This is for ensuring better root growth, bud/graft union,
hardening and higher success rate in plant multiplication. The specific requirements of
plant growing structures vary for different types of nurseries. For multiplication of
perennial horticultural crops as envisaged under the model scheme, the following
structures are considered necessary.
3. Mist Chambers: This provide a humid and cool micro environment that is necessary for
propagation of soft wood cuttings, hard to root species. The requirement of mist
chamber for perennial fruit crops nursery depends upon the species/varieties to be
propagated. A mist chamber of 15 to 20 sq m area is considered adequate for the
nursery model envisaged.
4. Poly house: In a poly house, temperature, light and humidity are maintained at optimum
conditions required for quick growth and development of grafted/budded plants. This
would help in higher success rate of multiplication with better and healthy nursery plants.
A poly house to stock around 10,000 rooted /budded / grafted nursery plants (1/3 of
envisaged production) at any given point of time is required for which, a 200 sq m poly
house area (naturally ventilated of suitable dimensions) is provided for. Vacant space
available in the poly house for shorter / intervening periods of about 3 to 4 weeks can be
effectively utilized for commercial production of nursery for short duration/annual crops
like vegetables and flowers in protrays.
5. Shade net area: This provides necessary microclimate for acclamization and hardening
of layered/budded / grafted plants and offer protection from direct sunlight, heavy rainfall
and heat waves/dry winds. Shade house would also facilitate raising of seedlings in bags
directly where necessary. Considering the envisaged capacity of the nursery, a she net
area of 500 sq. meters (to house 10000 grafts at any given point of time) is considered
adequate. Like in poly house, vacant space available under the shade net area for
shorter / intervening periods of about 3 to 4 weeks can be effectively utilized for
commercial production of nursery for short duration/annual crops like vegetables and
flowers in portrays or under poly-tunnels.

6. Mother plants garden: Production of good quality planting material is the basic
objective of a commercial nursery unit. To ensure the same, it is necessary that the bud
wood/ scion material is sourced from “true to variety” mother plants. Since the timely
availability and regular supply of scion material is necessary, an exclusive mother plants
garden is maintained as part of commercial nursery unit, where different perennial
horticulture crops and their varieties in demand are grown in separate plots variety wise.
Important criteria for selection of mother plants include genetic purity (true to type /
variety), vigorous, healthy and high yielding. They should be free from pests, diseases
and viruses. It is important that these mother plants are sourced from reliable / authentic
sources like government nurseries or from research stations or from registered nurseries
of repute. Since the purpose of mother plant garden is to ensure more of graftable
shoots / scions, high density planting at a spacing of 2mX2m is maintained. This would
also facilitate grafting operation where approach grafting/ air layering are involved.
7. Mother plants: Mother plants are the most important factor for successful nursery.
Separate planting of mother plants is necessary. Different varieties of mother plants are
planted in different plots. Pests and diseases are controlled regularly by spraying
pesticides and fungicides. Mother plants should be authentic and selected from
Government nurseries or from Agricultural Universities. Mother plants should be
selected very carefully as the sale of the nursery stock depends on the mother plants
used for the propagation. Criteria for selection of mother plants are as follows;
1. Mother plants should be vigorous, healthy and high yielding. It should have a
regular bearing habit.
2. It should be free from pests, diseases and viruses.
3. The mother plants must necessarily be genetically pure and superior in quality.
They must be obtained from Registered Farms, Agriculture Universities or
Government Nurseries.
4. The purchase receipt of mother plant should be preserved to prove the origin and
authenticity of the mother plants.
5. Mother plants should be selected corresponding to the regional demand of the
nursery plants.
6. Medicinal and Aromatic mother plants are planted under protected conditions either
under shade net or semi-shade conditions. They are planted according to the
recommended planting distance. Care should be taken that the mother plants attain
optimum vegetative growth.
8. Mother Bed: They are seed sowing beds prepared with fertile and clean nursery
mixtures (Soil, sand and FYM). Generally they are rectangular in shape with 1 to 1.8 m
width and 1.8 (in hills) to 12 m (in plains) length. The lengthy side of the bed should be
oriented towards the sun (east-west) so that shading can be done. Nursery beds are
required for raising rootstock seedlings especially in crops where propagation by budding /
grafting is involved. The rootstock material is raised directly in nursery beds or in polybags
in a well laid out plots of 1.25 meter width and of any convenient length. A working area of
60cm between the beds is necessary for undertaking sowing, intercultural operations
(weeding, watering, plant protection, etc.) and uprooting of rootstock plants.
9. Growing Medium & Pot mixture preparation: The material in which plants grow in pots
is known as ‘potting material’, while the substrate or medium used to grow plants is called
‘growing medium’. The choice of the type of potting material is important as the growth of
plants largely depends on it. The growing medium must be slightly acidic to neutral, i.e., pH
of 6 – 6.5 being satisfactory in most cases. It must be free of weeds, pests and pathogens.

Preparation of potting mixture and potting are important activities for which adequate space
is necessary for keeping of inputs (soil, leaf mold, manure, pots, etc). For better growth and
establishment of nursery plants after grafting operations, a good potting mixture is
necessary. The potting mixtures is prepared by mixing fertile red soil with well decomposed
FYM and leaf mold, and sand in 2:1:1 proportion which is utilized for filling of pots /
polybags. An area of 30 to 50 sq m is demarcated for potting operations.
Hardening off: Young, pampered seedlings that were grown either indoors or in a
greenhouse will need a period to adjust and acclimatize to outdoor conditions, prior to
planting. This transition period is called "hardening off". Hardening off gradually exposes
the tender plants to wind, sun and rain and toughens them up by thickening the cuticle on
the leaves so that the leaves lose less water. This helps prevent transplant shock in which
the seedlings have a stunted growth or they die from sudden changes in temperature.
Hardenings off time depend on the type of plants grown and the temperature fluctuations.
10. Store and Office: Garden tools, implements, raw materials, insecticides, fungicides,
manures, fertilizers, boards, polythene bags etc are stored in store house. An ideal nursery
has at least one well managed office for keeping all registers, notebooks, information books
and for instructing the team. The record of mother plants, progeny, Stock of plants, etc is
preserved in office.
11.Tools and Implements: Nursery operations require special tools like budding/grafting
knives, and implements including sprayers and equipment like wheel barrows for movement
of inputs/potted plants within the nursery area. Adequate financial provision is made to
meet these requirements.
12. Fencing: The nursery area is required to be adequately protected from stray cattle and
tress-passing with proper fencing. Considering the total area required which approximately
works out to about 2.47 acres, fencing covering a length of 400 sq.m is required
6. Production Capacity (per annum)
The estimated production capacity of Hi-Tech nursery plant per annum is as follows:
Item Quantity / annum Value (Rs. Lakhs)

Medicinal and Aromatic 1,,00,000 No’s 45 lakhs
plants
7. Pollution Control:
Entrepreneur is advised to contact State Pollution Control Board for detailed guidance
directly.
8. Legal Authorizations & Quality Requirements for starting Nursery Business

Nursery being a specialized commercial enterprise and the success is always linked to the
quality of the planting material produced. It is necessary that the entrepreneurs acquire
necessary skills through appropriate training and capacity building. The entrepreneur
should also have a clear understanding of the crop and variety specific demand for
planting material across different regions and should plan the production programme
accordingly. The infrastructure created, especially poly house, shade net area, etc.,
should be effectively utilized.
A commercial nursery business requires a business license which is a rather lengthy
process. In many cases zoning ordinances dictate possible uses for land. Normally, a

nursery business would be considered an "agricultural use", but in some cases it may also
be interpreted as commercial", "agribusiness", or some other classification. Permits
regarding establishment of green houses must be taken before erection of a green house,
storage building or warehouse for storing materials and equipment required in a nursery. A
nursery business may require a property hazard insurance, workmen's compensation if you
have paid employees and general liability insurance if you expect visitors to your nursery.
Nurseries in some areas may have to fulfill the government agricultural inspection
requirements as per the body governing the area. Permissions are also required from the
local authorities for availing electricity, water and other facilities.
a) Government Regulations and Support for Nursery
Availability of quality planting material is a prerequisite for the success of horticulture

development initiatives. The Nursery Registration Act is presently in force in respect
of horticulture nurseries only in the States of Punjab, Maharashtra, Himachal
Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jammu and Kashmir, Orissa and Tamil Nadu.
b) Minimum Quality Standards for growing of plants inside

greenhouses/polyhouses
1. Effective sanitation practices for insect and disease prevention must

be adhered to.
2. Varieties must be separated by physical barriers such as proper

tagging, which will prevent varietal mixture.
3. If testing performed by an accredited laboratory reveals the presence

of banned viruses, fungus or bacteria the tissue-cultured plants should
not be dispatched from the premises of the production lab and the entire
material should be destroyed.
9. Area requirement
For setting up a Hi-tech nursery unit to produce about 1,00,000 grafts/planting material, an
area of about 1 hectare (2.47 acres) with assured irrigation facilities is required. The
component wise area requirement details are indicated below:
1. FINANCIAL ASPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF HI-TECH NURSERY (1.0 Hectare)
I. Fixed Capital
A. Land & Building
Build up Area 2.47 acres with 1000 Sq. m build up area
B. Equipments
S.No Particulars Quantity Rate in Total cost
Rs
1 Fencing 400 sq.m 250 1,00,000
2 Work shed 20 sq.m 2500 50,000
3 Mother plant block 6000 sq.m 10 60,000
4 Irrigation with pipeline 10000 sq.m 25 2,50,000
5 Office cum store 27 sq.m 1500 40,500

6 Shadenet house 400 sq.m 400 1,60,000
7 Polyhouse 200 sq.m 1000 2,00,000
8 Mist chamber 15 sq.m 2500 37,500
9 Poly tunnel 150 sq.m 760 1,14,000
10 Land preparation, nursery beds, 2000 sq.m 250 5,00,000
internal roads, pathways, potting
yard
11 Computerization cost 1 unit 100000 1,00,000
12 Digital weighing balance 1 unit 20000 20,000
13 Water storage 1 unit (20000 100000 1,00,000
L capacity)
Total 17,32,000
C. Electrification, Installation, Packaging, Taxes, forwarding 3,46,400
charges etc @20 %
D. Office furniture & fixtures in lakhs @10 % 1,73,200
E. Preliminary & pre-operative expenses @ 10 % 1,73,200
Total Fixed investment 24,24,800
II. Working Capital

A. Personnal
Designation No Salary (Rs) Total (Rs)
Manager 1 20,000 20,000
Accountant/ Store-keeper 1 18,000 18,000
Skilled worker 2 15,000 30,000
Unskilled worker 2 10,000 20,000
Total 88,000
Prequisites @10% 8,800
Total Rs. 96,800
B. Raw material including packaging materials (per month)
Items Quantity Rate Amount in Rs
Cost of planting material for 500 60 30,000
mother plants @ Rs.60/plant
Maintenance @ Rs. 60/plant 500 60 30,000
Cost of Seed for rootstock 1 kg 1000-8000 4,000
raising @ Rs. 4000/kg (depending
on the
MAP)
Cost of pot mixture (manure, 5000 5 25,000
red earth leaf mold) for
rootstock in polybags/pots
Plant protection (mother plants, 5000 5000
rootstock/grafted plants)
Total Rs.94,000
C. Utilities (per month)
Power, Electricity & water charges 15,000
Total Rs.15,000
D. Other contingent expenses (per month)

Sl Description Amount in Rs

No
1 Consumable Store, Repair & maintenance, 10,000/-
postage, stationery, Insurance, Telephone bill,
advertisement, Transport etc
Total Rs.10,000
II. Recurring Expenses (per month)

A Personnel Rs.96,800
B Raw material Rs.94,000
C Utilities Rs.15,000
D Other Expenses Rs.10,000
Total Rs.2,15,800
Working capital for 3 months Rs. 6,47,400
III. Total Cost of the Project

A Fixed Investment Rs.24,24,800
B Working Capital for 3 months Rs. 6,47,400
Total Rs.30,72,200
IV. Financial Analysis

A Cost of production (per annum)
S.No Particulars Amount (Rs in lakhs)
1 Total recurring expenditure 25,89,600
2 Depreciation on machinery & equipment @10 % 2,42,480
p.a
3 Depreciation on Office Furniture & Fixtures @ 17,320
10%
4 Interest on total capital investment @ 13% p.a. 3,15,224
Total Rs.31,64,624
V. Turnover (per annum)

Item Qty per annum Rate (Rs/ number) Amount (Rs in
lakhs)
Medicinal & 1,00,000 Rs 45/ piece 45 lakhs/-
Aromatic Plants
LS Marketing Expenses (-) Rs.2.00 lakhs
Net Sales: Rs.43 lakhs
C. Net Profit Per Annum (Before Taxes) Rs. 11,35,376

D. Net Profit ratio on Sales (Per Annum): 26.40 %
Profit/ annum X100 (11,35,376 X100/43,00,000=26.40%)
Sale per annum
E. Rate of return: 46.82 %
Profit/ annum X100 (11, 35,376X100/24,24,800=46.82%)
Total Capital investment
F. Fixed Cost / Annum: Rs. 11,42,344

(Rent) + (Depreciations & Amortization) + (40 % of salaries &
wedges)+ (40 % of utilities & other expenses excluding rent) +
Interest on capital investment
(0+2,42,480+4,64,640+1,20,000+3,15,224=Rs. 11,42,344)
G. Breakeven point: 50.15 %

Fixed cost per annum X100 (11,42,344 X100/
(11,42,344+11,35,376) =50.15 %)
(Fixed cost per annum + Net Profit per annum)
3.7 Details of test facilities available in India:
Below list of testing laboratories are already approved by Ministry of AYUSH for testing of
herbs and herbal products
Table 10: List of Test facilities available in India
S. No Name of the State Name of the laboratory

1 Gujarat 1. M/s Shree Dhanvantary Pharmaceutical Analysis & Res.
Centre, Near Railway Station, Kim (E), Kudsad Road,
TalukaOlpad, Surat - 394110, Gujarat;
2. M/s Oasis Test House,
24, A-B. Sardar Patel Industrial Estate, Narol, Ahmedabad-
382405,
2 Himachal Pradesh 1) M/s Charak Pharmaceuticals (P) Ltd.,

Village - Katha, P.O - Baddi, Tehsil-Nalagarh, Solan -
173205, H.P
2) M/s Ayurvet Ltd.
Village - Katha, P.O-Baddi-173205, Tehsil- Nalagarh, Solan
- 173205 ,H.P;
3) M/s Baijnath Research & Development Laboratory,

Paprola, Tehsil - Baijnath, Dist. Kangra -176115 (HP)
3 Kerala 1) M/s Nagarjuna Herbal Concentrates Ltd.,

Kalayanthani, Thodupuzha, Idukki, Kerala – 685588,
2) M/s SreedhareeyamAyurvedic Medicines (P) Ltd,

Door No. KGP V/485F, V/485 G, Nellikkattumana,
Koothattukulam, Ernakulam - 686662 (Kerala).
3) The Pharmaceutical Corporation (IM)Kerala Ltd.

(Oushadhi)Kuttanellur P.O, Thrissur
4 Karnataka 1) M/s KLE Society’s Shri B.M. Kankanvari Ayurvedic

Mahavidyalaya, Shahpura, Belgaum-03
2) M/s. Karnataka Antibiotics and Pharmaceuticals Ltd.14, 2nd
phase, Peenya Industrial Area,
Bangalore-560058
3) FRLHT, 74/2 JarakabandeKaval,

Post Attur Via Yelahanka, Bangalore - 560 064.
4) M/s. Shiva Analytical (I) Ltd.,

Plot 24D (P) & 34 (D), KIADB Industrial Area, HausKote,
Bangalore
5) M/s Natural Remedies Pvt. Ltd.,

5-B, Veersandra Industrial area, 19th K.M. Stone, Hosur
Road, Electronic City post, Bangalore -560100;
5 Orissa M/s Bio Lab, C/o Bio Sourcing. Com Pvt. Ltd
A 41, Ashok Nagar, Janpath,Bhubaneswar – 751009
6 Punjab
M/s Herbal Health Research Consortium Pvt Ltd
Village- KhayalaKhurd, Ram Tirth Road,
Amritsar
7 Rajasthan M/s Ayushraj Enterprises Pvt. Ltd
Village - Mansinghpura, DahmiBegas Road,
Ajmer Road, Jaipur (Raj)
8 Tamilnadu 1) M/s Cholayil Pvt. Ltd.,

31-A/24 SIDCO industrial Estate,
Ambatture, Chennai – 600098;
2) M/s Sargam Laboratory Pvt Ltd.,

No.2, Ramavaram Road, Manapakkam, Chennai – 600089.
3) M/s Department of Chemistry, Regional Research Institute

of Unani Medicine,
1, West Mada church Road, Royapuram,
Chennai-600013, Tamilnadu
4) M/s Captain SrinivasaMurti Drug Research Institute for

Ayurveda,
AA Govt. Hospital of Indian Medicine, Arumbakkam,
Chennai- 600106.
5) M/s Centre for Advance research in Indian System of

Medicine,
Unit of Shanmuga Arts, Science, Technology and Research
Academy (SASTRA) University, Thanjavur

9 Uttar Pradesh M/s Amar Pharmaceuticals & Labs (India) Pvt Ltd.
107-B-2, Industrial Cooperative Estate, Dada Nagar,
Kanpur, U.P
10 Uttarakhand 1) M/s Devansh Testing & Research Laboratory

94, Shiv Ganga Industrial Estate, Lakeshari, Roorkee,
Haridwar, Uttarakhand
2) M/s Multani Pharmaceuticals Ltd.,
Khasra No.37 Village- Makkanpur- MahmoodAlam,
Bhagwanpur, Roorkee, Uttarakhand
3) AYUSH Drug Testing Laboratory,

IMPCL, Mohan Nagar, Almora
11 Delhi 1) M/s ARBRO Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Analytical Division, 4/9,

Kirti Nagar Ind. Area, New Delhi-15
2) M/s Standard Analytical Laboratory Pvt. Ltd. 69,
Functional Ind. Estate, Parparganj, Delhi-92
3) M/s ITL Labs Pvt. Ltd.B-283-284, Mangolpuri Ind. Area,
Phase-I, Delhi-83
4) M/s Delhi Test House. A-62/3, G.T.Karnal Road Ind. Area,
Opp. Hans Cinema, Azadpur, Delhi-33
5) M/s Sophisticated Industrial Materials Analytic Labs. Pvt.
Ltd.
C-95, Okhla Ind. Area, Phase-I, New Delhi-20
6) M/s Shree Krishna Analytical Services

A-5/4, Mayapuri Industrial Area, Phase-2, New Delhi-110064
7) M/s Shriram Institute for Industrial Research

19, University Road, Delhi-110007
3.8 Details of Raw materials suppliers:
The planting material can be procured from approved centres managed by the
Department of Agriculture or from the different campuses of the Agricultural Universities
and KVKs and also from approved private nurseries. Most of the MAP’s raw materials
can be sourced from CIMAP or Horticulture Department of respective states.
MAP’s can be grown in nurseries by means of different parts of planting material such as
seeds, cuttings, suckers, seedlings etc. Some of the important Medicinal and Aromatic
plants that are in demand are indicated in Table 11 below along with the price for reference.
The list is only indicative. Cost of the MAP’s are taken from CIMAP website.

Table 11: List of raw materials Suppliers
S.No Crops Type of planting material Rate (Ref: CIMAP)
1 Menthol mint Seedling @Rs.200/= per Kg
2 Satawar Seedling @Rs.2/= per seedling
3 Geranium Rooted cutting from nursery @Rs.5/= per cutting
4 Geranium Plant cutting in poly bags @Rs.15/= per cutting
5 Geranium Mother plant in poly bags @Rs.20/= per cutting
6 Patchouli Rooted plants @Rs.15/= per cutting
7 Pipli Rooted plants @Rs.15/= per cutting
8 Rosemary Rooted plants @Rs.15/= per cutting
9 Coleus Rooted plants @Rs.15/= per cutting
10 Damask Rose Rooted plants @Rs.25/= per cutting
11 Sarpganda Rooted plants @Rs.15/= per cutting
12 Stevia Rooted plants @Rs.15/= per cutting
13 Vach Rooted plants @Rs.15/= per cutting
14 Lemongrass Slip @Rs.3/= per slip
15 Citronella Slip @Rs.2/= per slip
16 Vetiver Slip @Rs.2/= per slip
17 African Seeds @Rs.2000/= per Kg

Marigold
18 Ashwagandha Seeds @Rs.1000/= per Kg
19 Black Seeds @Rs.1000/= per Kg

henbane
20 Chamomile Seeds @Rs.3000/= per Kg
21 Clarysage Seeds @Rs.2000/= per Kg
22 Isabgol Seeds @Rs.1000/= per Kg
23 Kalmegh Seeds @Rs.3000/= per Kg

24 Kewanch Seeds @Rs.1000/= per Kg
25 Milk thistle Seeds @Rs.2000/= per Kg
26 Palmarosa Seeds @Rs.2000/= per Kg
27 Pyrethrum Seeds @Rs.8000/= per Kg
28 Satawar Seeds @Rs.1500/= per Kg
29 Pili Satawar Seeds @Rs.4000/= per Kg
30 Senna Seeds @Rs.500/= per Kg
31 Sweet Fennal Seeds @Rs.2000/= per Kg
32 Tulsa (CIM- Seeds @Rs.2500/= per Kg

Saumya)
33 Tulsi (CIM- Seeds @Rs.5000/= per Kg

Ayu &
Angana)
3.9 Details of the machinery suppliers
Below table lists out the details of leading suppliers of machineries required for setting up
hi-tech nursery
Table 12: Details of machinery suppliers

S.No Supplier name Address Phone
1 Agriplast Tech India Nallur, Hosur, 08048762133
Pvt ltd Krishnagiri
2 Greentech India No. 305, 08049187024
Swamipuram
Municipal Colony,
Pune - 411030,
Maharashtra, In
3 Kaveri Agri products Plot no 7, Anna 08048413761
nagar, Hosur,
Krishnagiri-635109
4 Blue stallion No. 4585, Street 08048757741
Equipments Pvt ltd No. 14, Near
Kwality Chownk,
Shimla Puri,
Ludhiana-5141003,
Punjab, India
5 Paras Enterprises 2780/35, Shiv 08048925566
market, Hamilton
road, Mori gate,

Delhi-110006
6 Complete green D 11, Focal Point, 08048840912
house solution Pvt Chanalon
ltd Kurali
Mohali - 140103,
Punjab, India
7 Umapati overseas 08048554498
Vastral, Ahmedabad,
Gujarat
8 Trishul Textiles MG Road, Mumbai, 07971470040
Maharastra
9 Parry Enterprises Palej, Bharuch, 08048600821
India Ltd Gujarat
10 Sri Sai Fibres Pvt ltd IDA, Jeedimetla, 08048372463
Hyderabad
Chapter 4: Schemes and consultancy services
4.1 Existing schemes and their details
Following table 13 summarizes list of incentive schemes provided by the

central Government and various state Governments to promote Nursery
development
Table 13: List of Government Schemes to support Hi-Tech nursery set up

S.No Scheme Component Incentive type Pattern of assistance
1 Agri Insurance: Insurance protection for  Uniform maximum premium for all
Pradhan Mantri Fasal food crops, oilseeds and farmers:
Bima Yojana (PMFBY)
annual horticultural/  Kharif season - 2% of sum
commercial crops insured.
 Rabi Season 1.5% of sum
notified by state insured.
government.  Annual commercial/horticultural
crops - 5% of sum insured.
 The difference between actual
premium and the rate of Insurance
payable by farmers shall be
shared equally by the Centre and
State.
 Claims of full Sum Insured (SI),
without capping or reduction in SI.
 If the sowing is not done due to
adverse weather/climate, claims
upto 25% of sum insured will be
paid for prevented sowing/planting
risk.
 When the crop yield is less than
the guaranteed yield of notified
crops, the claim payment equal to

shortfall in yield is payable to all
insured farmers
 If 50% loss in mid season of crop
then on account advance
payment, up to 25% of likely
claims will be paid as immediate
relief.
 Losses caused by inundation,
hailstorm and landslide would be
assessed at individual farm level.
 Post harvest losses assessment
for damage to crops in cut and
spread in the field up to 14 days
on account of cyclonic rain and
unseasonal rain in the entire
country .
 Use of Remote Sensing
Technology and drones to
supplement Crop Cutting
Experiments for faster settlement
of claims.
Implementing agency will be selected
by the State Government through bid
Whom to approach :Nearest branches
of Bank/ PACS/Cooperative Banks/
Common Service Centre (CSC)
Empanelled General Insurance
Companies notified for the area and
District Agriculture Officer/Block
Development Officer may be
contacted or visit web portal
www.pmfby.gov.in.
2 Pradhan Mantri Krishi Protective irrigation to all PMKSY is strategized by focusing on
Sinchai Yojana agricultural farms end-to end solution in irrigation supply
(PMKSY) : chain, viz. water sources, distribution
network, efficient farm level
applications, extension services on
new technologies & information etc.
based on comprehensive planning
process at district/State level
Whom to approach :District
Agriculture Officer / District
Horticulture Officer / Project Director
ATMA
3 Drip Irrigation (PMKSY) Financial assistance up to Maximum permissible assistance will
55% for small & marginal be restricted to 5 hectare per
farmers and 45% for other beneficiary.
farmers. Indicative cost of
drip Irrigation system Whom to approach :District
ranges from Rs. 21643 to Agriculture Officer / District
Rs. 112237 per hectare Horticulture Officer / Project Director
depending upon the ATMA
spacing of drip lateral pipes
and land size.

4 Sprinkler Irrigation Financial assistance up to Maximum permissible assistance will
(Portable, mini, micro, 55% for small & marginal be restricted to 5 hectare per
semi, permanent, large farmers and 45% for other beneficiary.
volume/Raingun etc.) farmers. Indicative cost of
sprinkler irrigation system Whom to approach :District
ranges from Rs. 19542 to Agriculture Officer / District
Rs. 94028 per hectare Horticulture Officer / Project Director
depending upon the ATMA
spacing of sprinkler pipes,
type of sprinkler system and
land size.
Water Harvesting and Management
5 Water Harvesting 50% of cost (Construction cost Rs. 125/- for plane and Rs. 150/- per
System for individuals cum for hilly areas) limited to Rs. 75,000/-, for plane areas and Rs.
RAD component of 90,000/- for hilly areas including lining. For smaller size of the
NMSA ponds/dug wells, cost admissible on pro rata basis. Cost for non-
lined ponds/tanks will be 30% less
Whom to approach :District Agriculture Officer / District Horticulture
Officer / Project Director ATMA
6 Lining of Tanks/ Ponds 50% cost of plastic/RCC lining limited to Rs. 25,000/- per
constructed under pond/tank/well.
MNREGA/WSDP etc Whom to approach :District Agriculture Officer / District Horticulture
7 Water Harvesting 100% of the cost limited to Rs. 20 lakhs/unit in plain areas, Rs.25
System for lakhs/unit in hilly areas, for 10 ha of command area or any other
communities: smaller size on pro rata basis depending upon the command areas.
Construction of Cost for non-lined ponds/tanks will be 30% less.
Community Whom to approach :District Agriculture Officer / District Horticulture
tanks/onfarm Officer / Project Director ATMA
ponds/check dams/
reservoirs with use of
plastic/RCC lining on
public land.
8 Construction of Tube 50% of the total cost of installation limited to Rs. 25,000/- per unit
Wells /Bore Wells Whom to approach :District Agriculture Officer / District Horticulture
(Shallow/ Medium) Officer / Project Director ATMA
9 Restoration/Renovation 50% of the cost of renovation limited to Rs. 15,000/- per unit
of small tanks Whom to approach :District Agriculture Officer / District Horticulture
10 Pipe/pre-cast 50% of the cost of system limited to Rs. 10,000/- per hectare with
Distribution System assistance up to a maximum of 4 hectare per beneficiary or group
11 Water lifting Water lifting Devices(Electric, Diesel, Wind/Solar)
Devices(Electric, Diesel, Whom to approach :District Agriculture Officer / District Horticulture
Wind/Solar) Officer / Project Director ATMA
12 (i) Construction of 50% of cost limited to Rs. 100 per cum of storage capacity.
Secondary Storage Maximum permissible assistance will be restricted to Rs. 2 lakh per
Structures with Poly beneficiary
lining, protective fence Whom to approach :District Agriculture Officer / District Horticulture
at feasible locations Officer / Project Director ATMA
(RAD component of
NMSA)
13 Construction of Brick 50% of cost limited to Rs. 350 per cum of storage capacity.
masonry/Concrete Maximum permissible assistance will be restricted to Rs. 2 lakh per
Secondary Storage beneficiary.

structures (Diggie) with Whom to approach :District Agriculture Officer / District Horticulture
protective fence etc. Officer / Project Director ATMA
Assistance for soil management
14 Water Carrying Pipes @50% of the cost limited to Rs. 50/- per meter from HDPE pipes,
(National Food Security Rs. 35 per meter for PVC pipes and Rs. 20/- per meter for HDPE
Mission (Oil Seed & Oil laminated oven lay flat tubes with maximum ceiling of Rs. 15,000 per
Palm) farmer/ beneficiary for water carrying pipes”
15 Plastic/RCC based Rs. 20 lakhs per unit in plane areas; and Rs. 25.00 lakhs per unit in
water harvesting hilly areas with 500 micron plastic lining/RCC lining, for 10
structure/ farm Whom to approach :District Agriculture Officer / District Horticulture
pond/construction of Officer / Project Director ATMA
community tank(100
meter x 100 meter x 3
meter) For smaller size
ponds/ tanks, cost will
be admissible on pro
rata basis, depending
upon command area
(NHM/HMNEH Sub
schemes under MIDH)
16 Water Storage in Farm Rs. 1.50 lakhs per beneficiary for plane areas & Rs. 1.80
Pond/ Dug well lakhs/beneficiary for hilly areas with 300 micron plastic lining/RCC
(Measuring 20 meter x lining, for 2-hectare command area.
20 meter x 3 meter) by Whom to approach :District Agriculture Officer / District Horticulture
individual For smaller Officer / Project Director ATMA
size ponds/ dug wells,
cost will be admissible
on pro rata basis
(NHM/HMNEH Sub
schemes under MIDH)
17 Sprinkler Set for pulses, Sprinkler Set for pulses, wheat & Nutri-Cereals
wheat & Nutri-Cereals Whom to approach :District Agriculture Officer / District Horticulture
(National Food Security Officer / Project Director ATMA
Mission )
18 (a) Creation of bore well Assistance as per NMSA quideline i.e. 50% of the cost limited to Rs.
at Oil Palm farm (b) 25,000/- per bore well/tube well subject to condition that these are
Water Harvesting not installed in critical, semicritical and over exploited ground water
Structures/ponds zones. 50% of the cost (Construction cost Rs. 125/- per cubic meter
(National Food Security for plain and Rs. 150/- per cubic meter for hilly areas) limited to Rs.
Mission) 75,000/- for plane areas and Rs. 90,000/- for hilly areas including
lining
19 Construction of dug 100% of cost limited to Rs. 30,000/-
Well/ Bore well (BGREI) Whom to approach :District Agriculture Officer / District Horticulture
20 Shallow Tube Wells Shallow Tube Wells
(BGREI) Whom to approach :District Agriculture Officer / District Horticulture

21 Pump Set (up to 10 HP) Rs. 10,000/- per pump-set or 50 % of the cost whichever is less.
for Rice, Wheat &
Pulses(NFSM)
22 Mobile Rain gun for Rs. 15,000/- per mobile rain gun or 50 % of the cost whichever is
Pulses only (NFSM) less.
23 Agriculture marketing To develop Agricultural Marketing Infrastructure including Storage
infrastructure, Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare is
implementing capital investment subsidy sub-scheme "Agricultural
Marketing Infrastructure (AMI)" of Integrated Scheme for Agricultural
Marketing (ISAM). The erstwhile two schemes viz. (i) Grameen
Bhandaran Yojana (GBY) (ii) Scheme for
Strengthening/Development of Agricultural Marketing Infrastructure,
Grading & Standardization (AMIGS) . The AMI sub-scheme of ISAM
was sanctioned for the XII plan Period (2012-17). At present the
scheme is not available for any category of beneficiaries. Further, to
create additional Agricultural Marketing infrastructure projects
including storage projects across the country, the Government has
approved relaunch of AMI sub-scheme for the period coterminous
with 14th Finance Commission.
Whom to approach :Dy. Agricultural Marketing Advisor (AMI),
Directorate of Marketing & Inspection (DMI), CGO Complex, NH-IV,
Faridabad (Haryana)
Establishment of new gardens (Area expansion- for a maximum area of 4 ha per
beneficiary)
25 Hi-tech Nursery (4 100% to public sector limited to Rs. 100 lakh/ unit and in case of
ha/unit) private sector, credit linked back-ended subsidy @40% of cost,
(Sub Scheme of NHM & subject to a maximum of Rs. 40 lakh/unit, for a maximum of 4 ha. as
HMNEH under MIDH) project based activity on prorate basis. Each nursery will produce a
minimum of 50,000 numbers per hectare of mandated perennial fruit
crops/ tree spices/ aromatic trees/plantation crops per year, duly
certified for its quality
Maximum subsidy: Rs. 25.00 lakh per ha
Whom to approach: District Horticulture Officer/Dy.

Director (Horticulture) and Director, Horticulture at State
level
26 i) Cost intensive i) 40% of cost, subject to a maximum of Rs.40,000 per ha, for
aromatic plants meeting the expenditure on planting material and cost of material for
(patchouli, geranium, INM/IPM etc
rosemary, etc.)
Sub Scheme of NHM & Maximum subsidy i) Rs. 1,00,000/- per ha
HMNEH under MIDH
level
27 ii) Other aromatic plants i) 40% of cost, subject to a maximum of Rs.16,000 per ha, for
(Sub Scheme of NHM & meeting the expenditure on planting material and cost of material for
HMNEH under MIDH) INM/IPM etc. For (i) and (ii) above, in the case of NE & Himalayan

States, TSP areas, A&N and Lakshadweep Islands, assistance will
be @ 50% of cost.

level
Protected Cultivation
28 Green House structure
a) Fan & Pad System 50% of cost for a maximum area of 4000 sq. m. per beneficiary.
Maximum subsidy: 50% of cost for a maximum area of 4000 sq. m.
per beneficiary.
29 b) Naturally Ventilated System
(i) Tubular structure 50% of cost limited to 4000 sq. m. per beneficiary.
Maximum subsidy: Rs. 1060/Sq. m (up to area 500 Sq. m) Rs.
935/Sq.m (>500 Sq. m upto 1008 Sq. m) Rs. 890/Sq. m (>1008 Sq.
m upto 2080 Sq. m) Rs. 844/Sq. m (>2080 Sq. m up to 4000 Sq. m).
Above rate will be 15% higher for hilly areas
Whom to approach: District Horticulture Officer/Dy. Director
(Horticulture) and Director, Horticulture at State level
30 ii) Wooden structure 50% of cost limited to 20 units per beneficiary (each unit not to
exceed 200 sq.m.).
Maximum subsidy: Rs. 540/Sq. m. and Rs. 621/Sq. m for

hilly areas.

level
31 iii) Bamboo structure 50% of the cost limited to 20 units per beneficiary (each unit should
not exceed 200 sq.m.)
Maximum subsidy: Rs. 450/Sq. m and Rs. 518/Sq. m for

hilly area

level
2. Shade Net House:
32 (a) Tubular structure 50% of cost limited to 4000 sq.mt. per beneficiary.
Maximum subsidy: Rs. 710 Sqm and Rs. 816/ Sqm for hilly areas
33 (b)Wooden Structure 50% of cost limited to 4000 sq.mt. per beneficiary.
Maximum subsidy: Rs. 710 Sqm and Rs. 816/ Sqm for hilly areas
34 (c ) Bamboo Structure 50% of cost limited to 20 units per beneficiary (each unit not to
exceed 200 sq. m)
Maximum subsidy: Rs. 360/ Sq.m and Rs. 414/ Sq.m. for
hilly areas.
35 3.Plastic Tunnel 50% of cost limited 1000 sq. m. per beneficiary.
Maximum subsidy: Rs. 60/- per sq.m and Rs. 75 per sq. m. for hilly
areas.

36 4. Walk in tunnels 50% of cost limited to 5 units per beneficiary (each unit not to exceed
800 sq. m.).
Maximum subsidy: Rs. 600/ sqm

37 5. Anti Bird/ Anti Hail 50% of cost limited to 5000 sq. m. per beneficiary.
Nets Maximum subsidy: Rs. 35/ Sq.m
38 6. Cost of planting 50% of cost limited to 4000 sq. m. per beneficiary.
material & cultivation of Maximum subsidy: Rs. 140/ Sq.m
high value vegetables
grown in poly house
39 7. Cost of planting 50% of cost limited to 4000 sq. m. per beneficiary. Maximum
material & cultivation of subsidy: Rs. 700/ Sq.m
Orchid &Anthurium
under poly house /
shade net house.
40 8. Cost of planting 50% of cost limited to 4000 sq, m. per beneficiary.
material & cultivation of
Carnation & Gerbera Maximum subsidy: Rs. 610/ Sq.
under poly house /
shade net house.
41 9. Cost of planting 50% of cost limited to 4000 sq. m per beneficiary.
material & cultivation of Maximum subsidy: Rs. 426/ Sq.m
Rose and lilum under
poly house / shade net
house
42 10. Plastic Mulching 50% of the total cost limited to 2 ha per beneficiary. Maximum
subsidy: Rs. 32,000/ ha and Rs. 36,800/ha for hilly areas
Promotion of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) Integrated Pest Management
(IPM)
43 i) Promotion of IPM/INM 30% of cost subject to a maximum of Rs. 1200/ha limited
to 4.00 ha/beneficiary. Maximum subsidy: Rs. 4000/ha
44 ii) Disease forecasting 100% of costs. Maximum subsidy: Rs. 6.00 lakh/unit
unit (PSUs)
45 iii) Bio control lab 100% to Public sector and 50% to private sector.
Maximum subsidy: Rs. 90.00 lakh / unit
46 iv) Plant Health Clinics 100% to Public sector and 50% to private sector.
Maximum subsidy: Rs. 25.00 lakh / unit
47 v) Leaf / Tissue analysis 100% to Public sector and 50% to private sector.
labs Maximum subsidy: Rs. 25.00 lakh/ unit
Organic Farming
48 i) Adoption of organic 50% of cost limited to Rs. 10000/ha for a maximum area
farming of 4 ha. per beneficiary, spread over a period of 3 years
involving an assistance of Rs. 4000/- in first year and Rs.
3000/- each in second & third year. The programme to
be linked with certification. Maximum subsidy: Rs.
20,000/ha
49 ii) Organic Certification Rs. 5 lakh for a cluster of 50 ha which will include Rs.
1.50 lakh in first year, Rs. 1.50 lakh in second year and
Rs. 2.00 lakh in third year. Maximum subsidy: Project
based

50 iii) Vermi compost Units 50% of cost conforming to the size of the unit of
/ organic input 30’x8’x2.5’ dimension of permanent structure to be
production) administered on prorata basis. For HDPE Vermibed,
50% of cost conforming to the size of 96 cft (12’x4’x2’)
and IS 15907:2010 to be administered on prorate basis.
Maximum subsidy: Rs. 100,000/ unit for permanent
structure and Rs. 16,000/- unit for HDPE vermibed.
1. Integrated Post Harvest Management
51 (i) Pack house (Sub 50% of the capital cost. Maximum subsidy: Rs. 4.00
Schemes of NHM, lakh/unit with size of 9Mx6M
HMNEH & NHB under
MIDH)
52 (ii) Integrated pack Credit linked back-ended subsidy @ 35% of the cost of
house with facilities for project in general areas and 50% of cost in case Hilly &
conveyer belt, sorting, Scheduled areas for individual entrepreneurs. Maximum
grading units, washing, subsidy: Rs. 50.00 lakh per unit with size of 9Mx18M
drying and weighing.
53 (iii) Pre-cooling unit Credit linked back-ended subsidy @ 35% of the cost of
project in general areas and 50% of cost in case Hilly &
Scheduled areas for individual entrepreneurs. Maximum
subsidy: Rs. 25.00 lakh / unit with capacity of 6 MT
54 (iv) Cold room (staging) Credit linked back-ended subsidy @ 35% of the cost of
project in general areas and 50% of cost in case Hilly &
Scheduled areas per beneficiary. Maximum subsidy: Rs.
15.00 lakh/ unit of 30 MT capacity
55 (v) Mobile precooling Credit linked back-ended subsidy @ 35% of the cost of
unit project in general areas and 50% of cost in case Hilly &
Scheduled areas per beneficiary. Maximum subsidy: Rs.
25.00 lakh
2. Cold Storage (Construction, Expansion and Modernisation)
56 i)Cold storage units Credit linked back-ended subsidy @ 35% of the cost of
Type 1 – basic project in general areas and 50% of cost in case Hilly &
mezzanine structure Scheduled areas per beneficiary. Maximum subsidy: Rs.
with large chamber (of 8,000/MT, (max 5,000 MT capacity)
>250 MT) type with
single temperature zone
(Sub Schemes of NHM,
HMNEH & NHB under
MIDH)
57 ii)Cold Storage Unit Credit linked back-ended subsidy @ 35% of the cost of
Type 2 – PEB structure project in general areas and 50% of cost in case Hilly &
for multiple temperature Scheduled per beneficiary.
and product use, more
than 6 chambers and Maximum subsidy: Rs. 10,000/MT, (max 5,000 MT
basic material handling capacity)
equipment.

58 iii) Cold Storage Units Credit linked back-ended subsidy @ 35% of the cost of
Type 2 with add on project in general areas and 50% of cost in case Hilly &
technology for Scheduled areas per beneficiary.
Controlled Atmosphere
Maximum subsidy: Additional Rs. 10,000/MT for add on
components of controlled atmosphere technology.
59 iv)Technology induction Credit linked back-ended subsidy @ 35% of the cost of
and modernization of project in general areas and 50% of cost in case Hilly &
cold-chain Scheduled areas per beneficiary.
Maximum subsidy: Rs250.00 lakh for modernization of

PLC equipment, packaging lines, dock levelers,
advanced graders, alternate technologies, stacking
systems, modernization of insulation and refrigeration,
etc.
60 v) Refrigerated Credit linked back-ended subsidy @ 35% of the cost of
Transport vehicles project in general areas and 50% of cost in case Hilly &
Scheduled areas per beneficiary.
Maximum subsidy: Rs. 26 lakh for 9 MT (NHM &

HMNEH) and prorata basis for lesser capacity but not
below 4 MT.
61 vi) Primary / Mobile/ Credit linked back-ended subsidy @ 40% of the capital
Minimal processing unit cost of project in general areas and 55% in case of Hilly
& Scheduled areas. Maximum subsidy: Rs 25.00
lakh/unit
62 vii) Ripening chamber Credit linked back-ended subsidy @ 35% of the capital
cost of project in general areas and 50% in case of Hilly
& Scheduled areas for a maximum of 300 MT per
beneficiary. Maximum subsidy: Rs. 1.00 lakh/MT
63 viii) Evaporative / low 50% of the total cost. Maximum subsidy: Rs. 5.00
energy cool chamber (8 lakh/unit
MT)
64 ix) Preservation unit 50% of the total cost. Rs.2.00 lakh/unit for new unit and
(low cost) Maximum subsidy: Rs.1.00lakh/unit for up-gradation
65 x) Low cost onion 50% of the total cost. Maximum subsidy: Rs. 1.75
storage structure (25 lakh/per unit
MT)
66 xi) Pusa Zero energy 50% of the total cost. Maximum subsidy: Rs. 4000 per
cool chamber (100 kg) unit
67 xii) Integrated Cold Credit linked back-ended subsidy @ 35% of the cost of
Chain supply System project in general areas and 50% of cost in case Hilly &
600.00 lakh. Scheduled areas per beneficiary. Maximum subsidy:
Project Based. Project should comprise of minimum two
components listed under C.1 to C.13 above, with
maximum cost of Rs. 600.00 lakh.
68 Post harvest storage 40% of cost, as credit-linked back-ended subsidy.
and treatment facilities Maximum subsidy: Rs. 25.00 lakh
for bamboo

69 Central Sector Scheme Grant-in-aid for Setting up of Medicinal Plants Conservation and
on Conservation, Development Areas (MPCDAs)
Development and 100% central assistance @ 20,000/- per ha
Sustainable Grant-in-aid for upgradation / reviewing / strengthening of previously
Management of designated Medicinal Plants Conservation Area (MPCA) which were
Medicinal Plants established more than three years ago under NMPB or other
schemes in various states
Assistance @ 5,000/- per ha

70 Support to Joint Forest Grant-in-aid Assistance limited to a maximum of Rs.15.00 lakhs per
Management JFMC / Van Panchayats / BMCs
Committees (JFMCs) /
BMCs / Van
Panchayats etc
71 Research and Research and Development
Development 100% assistance for R&D Institutions/Universities in the public
sector/Government aided college’s etc. 50% assistance for
organizations/labs/Institutions in private sector
72 Information, Education Reimbursement of expenditure incurred by the organizations for
and Communication participation in fairs etc. Reimbursement of up to 1.00 Lakh for state
(IEC) Activities level, Rs. 2.00 Lakhs for National level and Rs. 3.00 Lakhs for
international level. For private organizations including Industry, the
cost would be limited to 50% of the above or the actual expenditure
whichever is less (which includes Travel, Accommodation, hire
charges, stall fabrication, publicity, etc) will be reimbursed

S.No Scheme Component Incentive Pattern of assistance
type
73 Information, Education Incentives for Pattern of assistance: Rs. 1.00 Lakh for organizing
and Communication Organizing district level event, Rs. 2.00 lakh for State, Rs. 3.00
(IEC) Activities Seminar/Wor Lakhs for regional level, Rs. 5.00 Lakhs for National
kshop/ level and Rs. 10.00 Lakhs for international level
Conferences/ event.
Exhibition/Ar
ogya Fairs at
district,
regional,
state,
national and
international
level for
promotion
and
awareness of
medicinal
plants.
74 Publication of 100% assistance in project mode

Periodicals/M
agazines and
Newsletters
75 Incentives for Rs. 2,000/- per trainee for a minimum of two days
Training and with in the state and Rs. 5,000/- per trainee out side
Capacity the state will be provided which will include
Building exposure visits. For officers training/exposure visit
within the State Rs. 5,000/- per trainee and outside
their state the cost will be limited to Rs. 10,000 per
trainee.
76 Herbal Gardens Incentives for Financial assistance of Rs. 2500/- per Home Herbal
Home Herbal Garden including cost of raising seedling,
Gardens transportation, awareness raising, documentation,
development, dissemination and use of publicity
material, folk theatre, special campaigns, etc
77 Incentives for Assistance @ Rs.25,000/- per school for an area of
School 500 sq. m. First year for establishment and up to
Herbal Rs.7,000/- per annum per school as maintenance
Garden cost for the next four years
78 Incentives for Activities supported would include land
Institutional / development, site protection, setting up irrigation
Public Herbal facilities and procurement of basic planting material,
Gardens laying of beds, planting, initial maintenance,
signage’s, walking trails etc.@Rs.3 lakhs per ha. for
establishment. Thereafter annual maintenance of
the Herbal Garden @ Rs. 60,000/- per year per ha.
for a maximum of four years.
79 Support for For creation of nursery covering an area of 1 ha Rs.

establishing 6.25 Lakhs per unit to be given in two instalments.
nursery as a The assistance will be to the extent of 100% to
part of any public sector/SHGs and 50% of the cost subject to a
project ceiling of Rs.3.125 Lakhs in private sector
proposal will
be provided
80 Bilateral/Internation al Reimbursem Reimbursement would be limited to 50% of the
cooperation and ent of expenditure or Rs. 3.00 lakhs whichever is less.
collaboration with expenditure Other activities will be supported in project mode
International Agencies incurred by with 100% assistance to Public Sector and 50% of
the Industry the project cost to the private sector.
organizations
for
participation
in
international
exhibitions/
fairs etc.
NATIONAL AYUSH MISSION
81 Model Nurseries Incentives for Incentives for development of model nurseries under
development the public as well as private sector
of model
nurseries
under the
public as well
as private
sector.
82 Quality testing, Incentives for The growers will be entitled to 50% of the testing
certification and Quality charges subject to a maximum of Rs. 5000 if the
insurance Testing herbs/medicinal plants are tested in AYUSH/NABL
accredited Laboratories
83 Certification Certification charges will be admissible on a group
basis to the limit of Rs. 5 lakhs for 50 hectares of
cultivation in groups/clusters
84 Cultivation Incentives for 75% of the cost of cultivation
species that
are highly
endangered
and in high
demand by
AYUSH
industry
85 Incentives for 50% of the cost of cultivation
species that
are
endangered
and sources
of supply are
declining
86 Incentives for 30% of the cost of cultivation

species that
are
endangered
and sources
of supply are
declining
87 Post-Harvest Incentives for 100% assistance for Govt. / Semi-Govt. / Public
Management Drying sheds Sector and 50% for SHGs / Cooperatives/ Private
sector
88 Incentives for 100% assistance for Govt. / Semi-govt. / Public
Storage Sector and 50% for SHGs / Cooperatives/ Private
godowns sector
89 Processing And Value Incentives for Project based. 100% assistance to Public Sector
Addition Marketing and 50% assistance to Private Sector /SHGs /
infrastructure Cooperatives
A hi-tech nursery must have one to four hectares of land with a project cost of Rs 10
million. The public sector will receive 100 per cent subsidy, while the private sector
can get 50 per cent with a subsidy cap of Rs 40 lakh (Rs 4 million).
A small nursery requires one acre (0.4 hectare) of land and costs Rs 15 lakh to
establish. The maximum subsidy for this category is Rs 7.5 lakh (Rs 750,000), with
the remaining amount being covered by a bank loan.
The subsidy will be given to the applicant for setting up a modern nursery. The
nursery should have facilities like a polyhouse, net house and drip irrigation. It is a
credit-linked back-ended subsidy in which the applicant can take a loan from a bank
of his choice. The candidate needs to prepare a project, and the horticulture
department will release the subsidy once the project has been approved. Once
a proposal is filed with the Horticulture Department and it is approved, the
department will provide the subsidy
4.2 Proposed scheme (if existing is not suitable)
Existing central and state government schemes suits very well to set up a Hi-Tech
nursery.
4.3 Details of agencies who can provide guidance (CSIR. MSME TC’s Sector
councils, etc)
Following list of Institutions/ Organizations engaged in Research/Cultivation of Medicinal and

Aromatic Plants which can be approached by aspiring Entrepreneurs who wants to set up a Hi-
Tech nursery.
1. ICAR- National Bureau of Plant Genetics and Resources, New Delhi
2. ICAR- Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Research, Gujarat
3. ICAR- Indian Institute of Horticulture Research, Bangalore
4. Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow and Research Centre at
Bangalore, Hyderabad, Pantnagar and Purara ( Uttarakhand)
5. National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
6. Regional Research Laboratory (CSIR) Bhubaneswar, Orissa

7. Regional Research Laboratory (CSIR), Jorhat, Assam
8. Centre for Advanced Study in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, CHENNAI,
Tamil Nadu
9. Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikkara, Trichur, KERALA
10. Narendra Dev University of Kumarganj, Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh University of
Agricultural Sciences, G.K.V.K., Campus, Bangalore, Karnataka
11. G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pant Nagar, Uttaranchal
12. Department of Horticulture, S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Rajasthan Agriculture
University, Rajasthan
13. Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, Maharastra
14. Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru College of Agriculture, Karikal, Pondicherry
15. High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar,
Garwal, Uttaranchal
16. Herbal Garden, Herbarium and Research Institute, Joginder Nagar, Govt. of Himachal
Pradesh, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh
17. Instt. of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh
18. University of Agricultural Sciences, G.K.V.K., Campus, Bangalore, Karnataka
19. Department of Botany, Jai Narayan Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan
20. Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh
21. Herbal Garden, Herbarium and Research Institute, Joginder Nagar, Govt. of Himachal
Pradesh, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh
22. Tropical Botanical Garden and Research Instt. Karimancode, Research Instt.,
Karimancode, P.O. Palode, Thiruvanthapuram, Kerala
23. Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh
24. Department of horticulture and plantation crops, Tamilnadu
25. Drug research Institute for Ayurveda, Chennai

Hi Tech Nursery Medicinaland Aromatic Plants

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Hi Tech Nursery Medicinaland Aromatic Plants

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Detailed Project Report

Preparation Date : 01.12.2021

Prepared by : R. Uma chandrika, Assistant Director

Branch MSME-Development Institute- Madurai Page 1

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1.1 HSN code of the product:

1.2 NIC code of the product

 01284 –Growing of perennial and non-perennial spices and aromatic crops.

1.3 Clusters already existing on the product if any

1.4 Possibility to create/ establish clusters on the product

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1.5 Probable districts for establishment of products manufacturing:

1.6 Number of industries available in large scale industries:

Table 2: List of large scale industries

S.No Company name & location Activities

1 M/s Patanjali Ayurved, Haridwar, Cultivation, production, trading of

2 M/s Dabur, Ghaziabad, UP. World leader in Ayurveda with a portfolio of

3 M/s Earthen Delight Agro products Engaged in cultivation, production, trading

4 M/s Indian Worldwide Herbals, Engaged in manufacturing, supplying,

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6 M/s Ayush Life Elements, Neemuch, Engaged in manufacturing and supplying of

7 M/s Matribhumi Agriculture India Manufacturer and Trader of Spice Plant,

9 M/S Ayurleaf herbals, Mumbai, Manufacturer and supplier of natural herbs.

11 M/S Amritanjali Ayurved Private Manufacturer of a wide range of Medicinal

13 M/S Mediaroma Agro Producer Manufacturing an assortment of Ayurvedic

14 M/S Genius Nature Herbs Private Manufacture of herbal products.

15 M/s Vanashree Agrotech, Hadapsar, Cultivating and supplying wide range of

1.7 Data about the imports of this product:

Branch MSME-Development Institute- Madurai Page 7

Table 4: List of Imported MAP products based on DCMSME database

1.10 The demand in the domestic market:

1.11 Demand of the export market:

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Chapter 2: Technical Details

2.1 Sector in which the product is falling

 Spices: they have substances with antiseptic and flavouring properties,

 Colorants: they have chemical components such as carotenes and

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Processing of MAP’s and sector-wise applications

Applications of MAP’s into various industrial sectors

 Essential oils are produced by distillation, boiling or pressing of Aromatic plants.

 Absolute oil is an essence, having an extremely high concentration of fragrance

2.2 End users of the products/ sectors

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2.3 Governing Indian Standards

National Medicinal Plant board is operating a scheme known as ‘’Voluntary Certification

2.4 Governing International Specification

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Hi-Tech nursery set up  Poly house

Applications of Manures &

Vegetal material Propagation  Propagation by seeds

Plantation Establishment  Manual (savory or thyme

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2.7 Details of the product licenses to be obtained

A commercial nursery business requires a business license which is a rather lengthy

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2.8 Equipment required for the manufacturing of the product

Setting up a Hi-Tech nursery basically requires the following