Hologic QDR 1500 - Service Manual

MODEL QDR -1500
WHOLE BODY X-RAY BONE DENSITOMETER
TECHNICAL MANUAL
Hologic Inc. Phone (617) 890-2300

590 Lincoln Street In the USA (800) 343-XRAY
Waltham, MA 02154 FAX (617) 890-8031
Document # 080-0396
RECORD OF REVISIONS
Document # 080- 0396
Date: Revision: Description:

2/19/93 A Release document.
Hologic, Inc. Model QDR-1500 Technical Manual
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................1-1
1.1 DISCLAIMER ............................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.2 PROPRIETARY INFORMATION NOTICE ............................................................................ 1-1
1.3 WARRANTY NOTICE .............................................................................................................. 1-1
1.4 CONTACTING HOLOGIC FOR SUPPORT........................................................................... 1-1
1.5 LICENSE REQUIREMENTS.................................................................................................... 1-2
1.6 QUALIFICATIONS.................................................................................................................... 1-2
1.7 SAFETY ...................................................................................................................................... 1-3
ELECTRICAL HAZARDS................................................................................................. 1-3
X-RADIATION HAZARDS............................................................................................... 1-3
MECHANICAL HAZARDS............................................................................................... 1-4
LASER RADIATION HAZARDS...................................................................................... 1-4
PROTECTION OF SERVICE PERSONNEL ................................................................... 1-4
PROTECTION OF OPERATOR AND PATIENT............................................................ 1-4
1.8 REFERENCE MATERIAL ........................................................................................................ 1-5
QDR-1500 OPERATOR'S MANUAL .............................................................................. 1-5
COMPUTER OPERATOR'S MANUAL........................................................................... 1-5
DOS OPERATING SYSTEM MANUAL.......................................................................... 1-5
PRINTER MANUAL.......................................................................................................... 1-5
OPTICAL DISK DRIVE MANUAL .................................................................................. 1-5
1.9 SPECIFICATIONS..................................................................................................................... 1-6
MACHINE AND ROOM DIMENSIONS......................................................................... 1-8
MINIMUM ENTRANCE CLEARANCE.......................................................................... 1-8
2.0 THEORY OF OPERATIONS....................................................................................2-1

2.1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW............................................................................................................... 2-1
2.2 X-RAY SCANNING THEORY................................................................................................. 2-3
X-RAY BEAM GEOMETRY............................................................................................. 2-5
2.3 COMPUTER............................................................................................................................... 2-7
HARD DRIVE..................................................................................................................... 2-8
FLOPPY DRIVE................................................................................................................. 2-8
OPTICAL DRIVE OPTION ............................................................................................... 2-8
2.4 DISPLAY ADAPTER................................................................................................................. 2-8
2.5 SCSI INTERFACE BOARD ...................................................................................................... 2-10
2.6 AT BUS INTERFACE BOARD................................................................................................. 2-10
2.7 MONITOR .................................................................................................................................. 2-11
2.8 PRINTER OPTIONS.................................................................................................................. 2-12
MITSUBISHI VIDEO PRINTER....................................................................................... 2-12
HP DESKJET 500 .............................................................................................................. 2-12
HP DESKJET 550C ........................................................................................................... 2-13
HP PAINTJET..................................................................................................................... 2-13
2.9 DETECTOR ASSEMBLY.......................................................................................................... 2-13
2.10 MOTOR & DRIVE PC BOARD ............................................................................................. 2-13
PC BOARD LAYOUT........................................................................................................ 2-15
MOTOR & DRIVE CONNECTOR PIN-OUT ASSIGNMENTS..................................... 2-16
M&D THEORY OF OPERATION:................................................................................... 2-19
2.11 X-RAY CONTROLLER.......................................................................................................... 2-24
THEORY OF OPERATION............................................................................................... 2-24
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Revision A Copyright 1992 by Hologic, Inc. All rights reserved i
X-RAY CONTROLLER CONNECTOR PIN-OUT ASSIGNMENTS.............................2-26

TESTING THE X-RAY CONTROLLER BOARD............................................................2-26
2.12 HIGH VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY AND X-RAY SOURCE ............................................2-27
2.13 ANALOG TO DIGITAL (ADC) BOARD ...............................................................................2-28
2.14 MOTION CONTROL PANEL.................................................................................................2-29
MOTION CONTROL PANEL ...........................................................................................2-29
2.15 GENEVA POSITION ENCODER BOARDS .........................................................................2-29
2.16 MOTION COUNTER PC BOARD .........................................................................................2-30
MOTION COUNTER PCB CONNECTOR PIN-OUT ASSIGNMENT..........................2-31
2.17 POWER SUPPLIES.................................................................................................................2-31
LOW VOLTAGE (+5V, +/-15V DC) POWER SUPPLY................................................2-31
5V DC POWER SUPPLY..................................................................................................2-31
24V DC POWER SUPPLY................................................................................................2-32
28V DC POWER SUPPLY................................................................................................2-32
2.18 POWER DISTRIBUTION PANEL .........................................................................................2-32
POWER DISTRIBUTION PANEL BLOCK DIAGRAM.................................................2-33
P.D.P. CONNECTOR PIN-OUT ASSIGNMENT.............................................................2-33
2.19 TRANSITION CONNECTOR PANEL CONNECTIONS......................................................2-34
TRANSITION CONNECTOR PIN-OUT ASSIGNMENT................................................2-34
2.20 TABLE BELT PATH ................................................................................................................2-39
3.0 INSTALLATION.......................................................................................................3-1
3.1 RECOMMENDED TOOLS & SUPPLIES ...............................................................................3-1
3.2 ROOM SIZE................................................................................................................................3-2
3.3 ARRANGE FOR HELP..............................................................................................................3-2
3.4 INSPECT FOR VISIBLE SHIPPING DAMAGE .....................................................................3-2
3.5 UNCRATE UNIT........................................................................................................................3-2
UNCRATING MAIN QDR ASSEMBLY..........................................................................3-2
UNCRATING C-ARM ASSEMBLY AND INSTALLING CASTERS ............................3-3
3.6 INSPECT FOR HIDDEN SHIPPING DAMAGE.....................................................................3-3
3.7 TAKE INVENTORY...................................................................................................................3-3
3.8 WALK AND MEASURE PATH FROM DOCK TO DESTINATION ....................................3-4
3.9 MOVE TO DESTINATION........................................................................................................3-4
TIPPING THE UNIT...........................................................................................................3-5
SET UP.................................................................................................................................3-5
3.10 CHECK POWER LINE VOLTAGE........................................................................................3-7
MEASURE LINE VOLTAGE.............................................................................................3-7
MEASURE ISOLATION TRANSFORMER SECONDARY VOLTAGE........................3-8
3.11 CHECK FILTER WHEEL PHASING.....................................................................................3-8
3.12 CHECK TUBE KV PEAK POTENTIAL ................................................................................3-9
3.13 CHECK TUBE CURRENT......................................................................................................3-9
3.14 CHECK X-RAY BEAM ALIGNMENT..................................................................................3-10
3.15 CHECK HVPS/S (TANK) FOR RADIATION LEAKAGE ...................................................3-10
3.16 CHECK LASER POSITIONING OFFSET & COPPER FOIL..............................................3-10
3.17 FINISH REASSEMBLING UNIT............................................................................................3-11
3.18 RUN PMT DETECTOR BIAS VOLTAGE .............................................................................3-12
3.19 RUN BACKLASH UTILITY PROGRAM ..............................................................................3-13
3.20 MEASURE X-RAY DOSE TO PATIENT...............................................................................3-14
3.21 MEASURE X-RAY SCATTER FROM PHANTOM..............................................................3-14
3.22 CALIBRATE MACHINE.........................................................................................................3-14
3.23 TEST ALL FUNCTIONS OF THE MACHINE.......................................................................3-15
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ii Copyright 1992 by Hologic, Inc. All rights reserved Revision A
4.0 TEST AND ALIGNMENT PROCEDURES..............................................................4-1

4.1 FILTER WHEEL PHASING PROCEDURE............................................................................. 4-1
4.2 TUBE KV PEAK POTENTIAL CHECK.................................................................................. 4-4
4.3 TUBE CURRENT CHECK........................................................................................................ 4-6
4.4 X-RAY BEAM ALIGNMENT CHECK.................................................................................... 4-9
4.5 CHECKING THE HVPS/SOURCE FOR RADIATION LEAKAGE...................................... 4-10
4.6 CHECKING FOR SCATTER RADIATION AND PATIENT DOSE ...................................... 4-10
4.8 ADJUSTING X-RAY PULSE ENERGIES............................................................................... 4-11
4.9 FIELD CALIBRATION/VERIFICATION PROCEDURE....................................................... 4-12
CHECKING THE BONE MINERAL CONTENT (BMC) CALIBRATION................... 4-12
CHANGING THE BMC CALIBRATION, IF REQUIRED, BY CHANGING THE
BONE CORRECTION FACTOR (BCF)........................................................................... 4-13
CHECKING THE BONE MINERAL DENSITY (BMD) CALIBRATION .................... 4-14
CHANGING THE BMD CALIBRATION, IF REQUIRED, BY CHANGING THE
AREA CORRECTION FACTOR (ACF) ........................................................................... 4-14
5.0 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE..............................................................................5-1

5.1 CUSTOMER PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE....................................................................... 5-1
5.2 FIELD SERVICE PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE................................................................ 5-1
5.3 EXTENDED PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE....................................................................... 5-1
5.4 SERVICE NOTES ...................................................................................................................... 5-2
SERVICE PHILOSOPHY.................................................................................................. 5-2
RETURNED MATERIAL AUTHORIZATIONS .............................................................. 5-2
COMPONENT SUBSTITUTIONS.................................................................................... 5-2
SOFTWARE MODIFICATION OR SUBSTITUTIONS................................................... 5-3
6.0 PROBLEM ISOLATION...........................................................................................6-1

6.1 PROBLEM LOCALIZATION................................................................................................... 6-1
IMAGING/X-RAY GENERATION PROBLEMS............................................................ 6-1
IMAGING/X-RAY GENERATION PROBLEMS - continued ....................................... 6-2
PRECISION PROBLEMS ................................................................................................. 6-2
MOTION PROBLEMS ...................................................................................................... 6-3
NOISE PROBLEMS........................................................................................................... 6-4
DATA STORAGE & RETRIEVAL PROBLEMS............................................................. 6-4
DATA STORAGE & RETRIEVAL PROBLEMS - continued......................................... 6-5
MISCELLANEOUS PROBLEMS..................................................................................... 6-5
DETECTING ARCING IN THE HVPS\SOURCE............................................................ 6-5
7.0 SOFTWARE..............................................................................................................7-1
7.1 SOFTWARE INSTALLATION AND UPGRADES................................................................. 7-1
PROTECTION OF CUSTOMER'S DATABASE.............................................................. 7-1
RESTORING THE QDR DATABASE .............................................................................. 7-1
MANUALLY RESTORING THE QC DATABASE ......................................................... 7-5
MOVING A QDR-1000 DATABASE TO A QDR-1500................................................. 7-5
UPGRADING A DPA DATABASE TO QDR-1500........................................................ 7-5
INSTALLING SOFTWARE OPTIONS............................................................................. 7-5
INSTALLING SOFTWARE UPGRADES ........................................................................ 7-6
COMPLETE SOFTWARE INSTALLATION ................................................................... 7-6
7.2 FILE ORGANIZATION............................................................................................................. 7-7
7.3 SERVICE AND DIAGNOSTIC SOFTWARE .......................................................................... 7-10
7.4 DIAGNOSTIC SOFTWARE...................................................................................................... 7-19
THE SURVEY PROGRAM ............................................................................................... 7-19
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Revision A Copyright 1992 by Hologic, Inc. All rights reserved iii
INDEX
APPENDICES
Appendix A- Parts List and Assembly Drawings
TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1-1 Room Layout ................................................................................................................................1-8
Figure 2-1 System Block Diagram................................................................................................................2-2
Figure 2-2 Q Image Plot.................................................................................................................................2-4
Figure 2-3 QDR-1500 Pencil-Beam Geometry ...........................................................................................2-6
Figure 2-4 Paradise VGA Display Adapter (PVGA) ...................................................................................2-9
Figure 2-5 Supercom VGA Display Adapter (ZPVGA) ...............................................................................2-9
Figure 2-6 Unique VGA Display Adapter (MVGA-P1C) ............................................................................2-10
Figure 2-7 AT Bus Interface ..........................................................................................................................2-11
Figure 2-8 Motor & Drive PC Board Assembly..........................................................................................2-15
Figure 2-9 Motor & Drive 50Hz & 60Hz Timing Diagrams ......................................................................2-20
Figure 2-10 X-ray Controller Block Diagram .............................................................................................2-24
Figure 2-11 X-ray Controller Timing Diagram............................................................................................2-25
Figure 2-12 X-ray Controller Board Assembly...........................................................................................2-25
Figure 2-13 X-ray controller waveforms .....................................................................................................2-27
Figure 2-14 ADC Board.................................................................................................................................2-28
Figure 2-15 Motion Control Panel ...............................................................................................................2-29
Figure 2-16 Geneva Wheel Position Encoder Schematic...........................................................................2-30
Figure 2-17 Power Distribution Panel Block Diagram...............................................................................2-33
Figure 2-18 Table Belt Path (viewed from the front)..................................................................................2-39
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iv Copyright 1992 by Hologic, Inc. All rights reserved Revision A
Figure 2-19 Table Belt Path (viewed from the rear) ................................................................................... 2-39
Figure 3-1 Transition Connector Panel (side of C-arm) ............................................................................ 3-6
Figure 3-2 Isolation Transformer ................................................................................................................. 3-8
Figure 3-3 Laser Offset Dimension ............................................................................................................. 3-11
Figure 3-4 Sample PMTVOLTS.TXT File................................................................................................... 3-12
Figure 3-5 "Backlash" Phenomenon.............................................................................................................. 3-13
Figure 4-1 Filter Motor, Timing Marks ....................................................................................................... 4-1
Figure 4-2 Filter Motor, Side View.............................................................................................................. 4-1
Figure 4-3 LED and Test Points on Motor & Drive PCB............................................................................ 4-2
Figure 4-4 PICK and SYNC Pulses .............................................................................................................. 4-3
Figure 4-5 kVp Test points on HVPS/Source .............................................................................................. 4-4
Figure 4-6 kVp Test points on X-ray Controller Board.............................................................................. 4-5
Figure 4-7 Tube kV Peak Potential ............................................................................................................... 4-6
Figure 4-8 Tube Current Test points on HVPS/Source............................................................................... 4-7
Figure 4-9 Tube Current Test points on X-ray Controller Board .............................................................. 4-7
Figure 4-10 Tube Current Peak Potential .................................................................................................... 4-8
Figure 7-1 Typical MotorX Display ............................................................................................................. 7-15
Figure 7-2 Motor and Laser Control Pad..................................................................................................... 7-17
Figure 7-3 SURVEY2 Program..................................................................................................................... 7-20
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Revision A Copyright 1992 by Hologic, Inc. All rights reserved v
Section 1 - Introduction
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 DISCLAIMER
Hologic, Inc. has made all reasonable effort to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate
and complete. Hologic, Inc. shall not, however, be liable for any technical or editorial errors or
omissions contained herein, or for incidental, special or consequential damages in connection with
the furnishing or use of this material. The information contained in this manual is subject to change
without notice.
1.2 PROPRIETARY INFORMATION NOTICE

This manual contains proprietary information which is protected by copyright, and all rights are
reserved. No portion of this document may be copied, photocopied, reproduced or translated into
another language without the prior written consent of Hologic, Inc.
Hologic QDRâ-1500 is a registered trade mark of Hologic, Inc. All other products and company
names are trademarks and registered trademarks of other manufacturers.
1.3 WARRANTY NOTICE

Many of the procedures described in this document are for reference only, and are intended solely
for use by direct employees of Hologic, Inc. or authorized Hologic Equipment Resellers and their
trained technicians. Any unauthorized or untrained persons performing these procedures may affect
the warranty of the Hologic Model QDR-1500.
1.4 CONTACTING HOLOGIC FOR SUPPORT

The Hologic factory technical support staff can be reached for software, application or general
information Monday through Friday from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM EST/EDST by telephoning:
Phone: (617) 890-2300
or, from locations in the US only: (800) 343-XRAY (800-343-9729)
the Hologic factory FAX number is: (617) 890-8031
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Revision A Copyright 1992 by Hologic, Inc. All rights reserved 1-1
1.5 LICENSE REQUIREMENTS

Local regulations regarding the registration and licensing of X-ray equipment vary from state to state,
and among countries. Many states and countries also require that X-ray equipment be operated only
by licensed personnel, and some even require that service technicians who install X-ray equipment be
licensed as well. Please check your local regulations.
In the United States, Federal law restricts this device for use by or under the order of a physician.
1.6 QUALIFICATIONS
This manual assumes that the reader:
° has been trained by Hologic in the installation, maintenance and repair of the QDR-1500 X-
ray Bone Densitometer.
° has reasonable mechanical abilities and a working knowledge of analog and digital
electronics.
° is thoroughly familiar with the use of test equipment (oscilloscope and DVMs) , and has at
least some experience with high-voltage equipment and X-radiation monitoring devices.
° has a good working knowledge of PC AT-type computers and the DOS operating system, and
is familiar with the DOS FORMAT, COPY, DEL (Delete), CD (Change Directory), MD
(Make Directory), EDLIN and CHKDSK (Check Disk) commands, and with the use of * and
? wild cards in DOS file names.
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1-2 Copyright 1992 by Hologic, Inc. All rights reserved Revision A
1.7 SAFETY
ELECTRICAL HAZARDS
Exercise proper caution when servicing the system. There are dangerous -- and
potentially lethal -- voltages accessible within the QDR-1500 X-ray Bone
Densitometer cabinet. Circuit breaker CB-1 is normally left on at all times to keep
the detector powered up and thereby to avoid drift. Unless breaker CB-1 is off or
the power cord has been removed, line voltage (100V, 120V, 220V or 240V) is
present at all times on the primary of the isolation transformer, and 120V is present
on the secondary.
The High Voltage Power Supply/Source (HVPS/S) assembly is a sealed

subassembly. It contains voltages of 70kVp and 140kVp internally, and while these
voltages are not normally accessible outside the case, multiple failures can make
them appear on the barrier strip. Caution should be exercised, and no attempt
should ever be made to open or internally service a HVPS/Source assembly in the
field.
X-RADIATION HAZARDS
The QDR-1500 X-ray Bone Densitometer produces ionizing radiation in the form
of X-rays. It may be dangerous to the patient, operator or service technician unless
safe exposure factors and operating instructions are observed. To avoid unsafe
exposure, do not attempt to service this equipment unless you are a Hologic, Inc.
certified service technician. Exercise proper caution when servicing the system. A
dosimeter (film badge) should always be worn while on site.
Never place hands, head or other body parts in the X-ray beam path unnecessarily.
This is especially important if the beam is turned on using the SURVEY2 utility
program, which causes the beam to come on without scanning motion. High spot
doses are a consequence of such failure to scan.
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MECHANICAL HAZARDS
The QDR-1500 X-ray Bone Densitometer incorporates a computer-controlled

motion system that operates automatically upon scan initiation. The system audibly
alerts the operator before starting a scan and before granting a manual motion
request. Exercise caution when working inside the system.
The large power resistor on the X-ray controller board gets hot in normal operation.
Exercise caution when removing a board that has been running for any length of
time.
LASER RADIATION HAZARDS
The QDR-1500 contains a Class II (<0.5 mW) laser. The patient, operator and
service technician should avoid looking directly into the beam or placing reflective
objects in the beam path. An audible alert sounds continuously when the laser is on.
PROTECTION OF SERVICE PERSONNEL
To avoid exposure to shock hazards, breaker CB1 should be switched off, and the
power cord removed, before working inside the QDR-1500.
If work must be done inside the machine while power is applied, the control panel
STOP button should always be pressed in to avoid the possibility of carriage
motion.
PROTECTION OF OPERATOR AND PATIENT
Dose and scatter radiation measurements must be taken after each service call to
ensure that these parameters are still within specifications.
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1.8 REFERENCE MATERIAL

QDR-1500 OPERATOR'S MANUAL
The QDR-1500 Operator's Manual (P/N 080-0397) is supplied with each QDR-1500 X-ray
Bone Densitometer. Please refer to it for specific instructions on how to operate a QDR-
1500.
COMPUTER OPERATOR'S MANUAL
There is a separate Operator's Manual for the computer used in the QDR-1500 X-ray Bone
Densitometer. Please refer to this manual for specifics regarding the QDR-1500's
computer.
DOS OPERATING SYSTEM MANUAL
There is a separate DOS Manual for the computer's operating system. Please refer to this
guide for any questions you may have regarding the DOS Operating System.
PRINTER MANUAL
Two black-and-white and two color printers are available for the QDR-1500. For specific
information on any of these printers, please see the appropriate manual itself.
OPTICAL DISK DRIVE MANUAL
The optical disk drive comes with its own manual, which should be referenced for details
regarding operation and troubleshooting of this optional peripheral.
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1.9 SPECIFICATIONS
Scanning method: A-P: Rectilinear scan and indexing table for whole body.
X-ray system: Switching Pulse Dual-Energy source (70kVp/140kVp).
Scanning sites: A-P lumbar spine, proximal femur, general region-of-
interest, total skeleton, radius, and research/small animal.
Scatter dose: Less than 0.5mR/hr (.005mSv/hr) at 2 meters from
patient.
Leakage: Less than 0.2mR/hour (.002mSv/hr) at 1 meter.
Accuracy: Measurements of Bone Mineral Content (BMC)
calibrated to HOLOGIC DPA/QDR-1 anthropomorphic
spine phantom of known material content by weight
accurate to 0.5%.
Linearity: using a phantom containing three 3,5x5 cm blocks of
CaHA with nominal BMDs of 0.6, 1.0 and 1.6 g/cm2,
measured BMC values for all three blocks will be within
+1% of their specified values.
Calibration: self-calibrating using Hologic Automatic Internal

Reference System. Operator calibration not required.
External shielding required: None
Safety and Regulatory: Conforms to applicable portions of 21 CFR 1020.30
(Diagnostic X-ray Systems) and 21 CFR 1040.10 (Laser
Products). Designed to comply with applicable portions
of IEC 601.1
X-ray voltages: 70kVp +5% and 140kVp +5%
X-ray current: 3mA peak +5% at 70kVp
Target material: Tungsten
Half-value layer: 0.172" (4,37 mm) minimum of Al 1100 at 70kVp
0.539" (13,7 mm) minimum of Al 1100 at 140kVp
System Weight: 1,250 lbs. (568Kg) installed weight
1,500 lbs. (682Kg) shipping weight
@60 Hz @50 Hz
Power Requirements: 100 VAC +10% 13.2A 17.5A
115 VAC +10% 11.5A 15.2A
230 VAC +10% 5.7A 7.6A
Temperature: 60° - 90°F (15° - 32°C) operating
50° - 110°F (10° - 43°C) storage
Humidity: 20%-80% relative humidity, non-condensing
BTU Output: 3700 BTUs on 60 Hz system, 4300 BTUs on 50 Hz
system
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Performance Table:
Fast Mode
(for Rapid Assessment)
Exam Scan Time in vivo Precision Dose
Spine (4" x 5") 2 min 1.0% 2.0 mR
Hip (4" x 4") 3 min 1.0% 2.0 mR
Whole Body (60" x 24") 11.5 min 0.5% 1.0 mR
Performance Mode
(for Superior Monitoring Capability)
Exam Scan Time in vivo Precision Dose
Spine (4" x 5") 4 min 1.0% 5.0 mR
Hip (4" x 4") 6 min 1.0% 5.0 mR
Note: Scan times quoted are at 60 Hz. Scan times at 50 Hz operation are 20% higher.
Standard Configuration - Hardware:

° Computer Worktable with:
° 80486/25 MHz CPU, DOS 5.0
° 120 MB hard disk drive
° 5.25" 1.2 MB floppy drive
° 101 key Enhanced keyboard
° Super VGA Graphics driver
° 14" SVGA color display monitor
° HP Deskjet 500 Printer
° Indexing scan table
° X-Y adjustable C-arm
° Positioning accessories
Optional Hardware:
° 80486/33 MHz CPU
° 200 MB hard disk drive
° Optical Storage module
° WORM device driver
° includes 800 MB cartridge
° HP Deskjet 550C Color Printer
° HP Paintjet 3630 Color Printer
° Mitsubishi P71U B&W Video Color Processor
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MACHINE AND ROOM DIMENSIONS
Figure 1-1 Room Layout
MINIMUM ENTRANCE CLEARANCE
36" (92 cm) Without tipping or disassembling the unit.

26" (66 cm) With the table top removed and the base unit tipped on its side.
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Section 2 - Theory of Operations
2.0 THEORY OF OPERATIONS
2.1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW

The Hologic QDR-1500 X-ray Bone Densitometer images and measures the bone mineral content
(BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) of selected areas of the body, or of the entire skeleton. It
does so using X-rays of two different energy levels; this dual-energy scheme allows soft tissue within
the selected area to be subtracted out, leaving only bone to be imaged and measured.
The patient lies face up on the table and, with the aid of a pointing laser, the operator positions the
scanning arm over one corner of the region of interest. After entering patient data and selecting the
type and size of scan desired, the operator initiates the scan with a single keystroke. Scanning,
analysis, and presentation of the scan image and analysis results are automatic, as is the printing of a
hard-copy record. The operator needs only to accept or reject the regions of interest suggested by
the computer.
The operator is not required to select technique factors, as tube current and voltage are preselected
and fixed. Since imaging is performed by raster-scanning a small spot, rather than by flooding the
area as in conventional radiography, the imaging time is a function of the dimensions of the area to be
measured, the desired resolution and the desired precision.
BMC results are expressed in grams of calcium hydroxyapatite, and BMD is reported in grams/cm2
of the same compound.
The patient entrance dose is less than 5 mR, approximately one tenth the exposure of a standard chest
X-ray. Leakage radiation at one meter is less than 0.2 mR/hour, or approximately one-one thousandth
of the limit specified in 21 CFR 1020.30 (k). No additional shielding is necessary for patient,
operator or room, and the QDR-1500 can be placed in any convenient non-shielded examination
room.
The QDR-1500 employs a patented Automatic Internal Reference System, which continuously
calibrates the machine to eliminate the effects of variations in temperature, tube flux, etc. No daily
calibration is required, though Hologic does recommend the daily scanning of a quality control
phantom to provide assurance that the system is functioning correctly, and to aid in the detection of
any long-term drift.
The X-ray images produced by the QDR-1500 and displayed on the monitor are intended only to
locate anatomical sites for measurement, and to assure the operator that the machine is operating
properly. They are not intended as a substitute for conventional film-based diagnostic images
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Figure 2-1 System Block Diagram
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2.2 X-RAY SCANNING THEORY

An X-ray source, consisting of a generator and tube in a common, shielded enclosure, is mounted
beneath the patient. It generates a narrow, tightly collimated beam of X-rays which alternates, at
power line frequency, between 70kVp and 140kVp. The source is at one end of a C-arm; at the other
end, above the patient, is a crystal/PMT detector. During a scan, the C-arm oscillates rapidly in the
transverse direction while slowly moving longitudinally. Both transverse and longitudinal motion are
under computer control.
Before passing through the patient, the beam is filtered through a rapidly rotating wheel, in which
alternating segments have radioopacities equivalent to tissue, bone and air. When finally intercepted
by the detector, the beam contains information about the X-ray absorbing characteristics of both the
patient and the calibration materials in the filter wheel. An A/D converter, fed by the detector,
supplies a complex digital signal to the computer, which uses that signal both to construct the screen
image and as the basis for its computations of BMC and BMD.
The QDR-1500's computer algorithm is based on the principle that bone selectively attenuates high-
energy X-ray photons, and that the bone mineral content of any sample point can be computed from:
Q = kH - L
where H and L are the logarithms of the sample attenuation at high (140kVp) and low (70 kVp)
energies, respectively, and the constant k depends on the tissue attenuation characteristics of the
beam. In the QDR-1500, k is continuously measured using the "tissue" segment in the filter wheel.
The program works in the following manner:
1) Loads preliminary image and obtain regions of interest from operator.
2) Estimates k as an average value of:
k = [Ltissue - Lair] / [Htissue - Hair]
where Ltissue indicates a low-energy measurement with tissue-equivalent material interposed

by the filter wheel, and Lair, Htissue and Hair are similarly defined.
Note: the subscript "air" designates the filter wheel segment that is empty (i.e., contains
neither bone- nor tissue-equivalent material).
3) Using this value of k, calculates Q for each point scanned using the formula given above (Q =
kH - L). This array of Q values constitutes a "Q image". Displays the Q image.
4) Compiles a histogram of the Q values. Because a large portion of the image contains soft
tissue only, this histogram will have a large peak. Chooses a threshold value just above this
peak, and applies that value to discriminate, point by point in the Q image, between "bone"
points (whose Q is above the threshold) and "non-bone" points (whose Q is below the
threshold).
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Figure 2-2 Q Image Plot
5) Uses the "non-bone" points to calculate a baseline value for each transverse scan line. Using
these points, forms a new histogram and repeats steps 4 and 5 until the results converge.
6) Smoothes the segment boundaries to eliminate isolated noise-generated "bone" points.
7) Displays the "bone" and "non-bone" points for operator approval.
8) Determine the constant of proportionality (d0) that relates the Q values to actual BMC
(grams). That constant is determined by measuring how much Q shifts when bone-equivalent
material is interposed by the filter wheel.
9) Calculate the total bone mineral values by adding up the Q values for all "bone" points in each
region of interest (e.g., each vertebra), and multiplying by d0.
10) Determines the bone areas by counting the number of "bone" points in each region of
interest.
11) Calculates bone mineral density as:
BMD = BMC / area
12) Displays the calculated results and print the report.
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X-RAY BEAM GEOMETRY
The following table and figure show the specifications of the Pencil-beam geometry employed by the
QDR-1500. The geometry shown in the figure is for Whole Body.
Measured
Slit Slit Det. Det. Beam Beam
Width Length Width Length Width Length
Scan Mode Anatomical Sites (C) (D) (E) (F) (G) (H)
Fast Spine/Hip/Forearm 0.089 0.089 0.886 1.654 0.5 0.5
Performance Spine/Hip/Forearm 0.120 0.120 0.886 1.654 0.67 0.67
Whole Body Whole Body 0.178 0.400 0.886 1.654 0.88 1.65
Notes:
1) All Dimensions are in inches.
2) A = 31.9", B = 9.0".
3) Beam sizes were measured using high-contrast x-ray films.
4) The standard pencil-beam "slit" is a circular hole of 0.089" diameter, and the performance
pencil -beam "slit" is a circular hole of 0.120" diameter.
5) The x-ray focal spot diameter is approximately 1mm.
6) The detector used for the QDR-1500 is a single CdWO4 scintillator, 1.654" long, 0.886"
wide, 0.197" thick and >99% efficient.
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Figure 2-3 QDR-1500 Pencil-Beam Geometry
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2.3 COMPUTER
The QDR-1500 interfaces to a ISA Bus computer to control motion and X-ray
generation, perform all necessary calculations, and manage patient and QC database information.
The computer is a 80486 running at 25MHz, and may be supplied by several vendors. It is
supplied with 4 Megabytes of RAM and 64K of zero wait-state direct mapped read and write-
back cache memory. Also included are two integrated serial (RS232) ports, one parallel
communications port and a dual floppy/hard disk controller. Setup information is stored in
CMOS RAM and backed up by a battery built into the CMOS RAM.
The normal system configuration is a base unit with a single half-height 5.25-inch 1.2MB floppy
drive, a half-height 3.5-inch 120MB hard disk drive, a dual hard disk/floppy controller board and
an enhanced 101-key keyboard. To that is added a Video Graphics Array (VGA) display adapter
board and an AT Bus Interface board. An optional 5.25-inch half-height optical disk drive can
also be installed in the second drive bay.
The CMOS SETUP information for the Hyundai computer is as follows:
Base memory size ..... : 640 KB Floppy drive A ........: 1.2 MB, 5-1/4"
Ext. memory size ....... : 3456 KB Floppy drive B ........: Not Installed
Numeric processor.... : Not Installed Hard disk C: type ....: 34
Date............................. : Enter current date Hard disk D: type....: Not Installed
Time............................ : Enter current time Primary display.......: VGA or EGA
NOTE: The computer uses a switching low voltage high frequency power supply which has
outputs of +5V DC and +12V DC. The power supply is both over-voltage and over-current
protected. If the supply shuts down due to an over-voltage or over-current condition, you
may notice a high-pitched sound as the switching circuit changes frequency down to the
audible range. Start disconnecting the loads (boards and drives) until the source is isolated.
The software provided with the computer is the DOS operating system, and a diagnostic disk.
Practical diagnostics are limited to running the manufacturer's utilities to test various sections of
the system such as the keyboard, floppy and hard disks, display adapter, and parallel and serial
communication ports. The replacement of defective components is limited to both disk drives,
the hard disk controller, the VGA display adapter, the AT Bus Interface board and the keyboard.
Problems related to the main system motherboard or the low voltage power supply would require
the replacement of the base unit itself.
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HARD DRIVE
The computer's hard disk drive is a 3.5-inch high-capacity 120MB (200MB optional) mass
storage device with fast read/write operations. All system and option software (see
SOFTWARE section for details) is resident on the hard drive, and there is room as well for
storage of 500 hip/spine or 200 whole-body scans. Additional scan must be archived to
floppy diskettes or an optical cartridge.
CAUTION
CAUTION: To protect the hard disk drive, always wait at least 45 seconds after powering
OFF the system before powering it back ON again.
FLOPPY DRIVE
The floppy disk drive is a 5.25-inch high capacity (1.2 MB) unit identified as drive A. The
drive can store up to six hip/spine or two whole-body scans on a 1.2MB, 5.25-inch high
density diskette (2HD).
Be sure to use only high density (2HD) floppy diskettes. Do not attempt to use low density
360KB (2D or 2DD) floppy diskettes, as these may produce system errors and possible loss
of archived data.
OPTICAL DRIVE OPTION
The second disk drive bay is available for the optional Optical Write-Once/Read-Many
(WORM) drive. It interfaces to the computer through a SCSI (small computer systems
interface) board, and uses a low-power laser to record 400Mb on each side of a removable
5.25-inch optical cartridge. The disk's capacity is over 4,000 hip/spine or 1,600 whole-body
scans. Data written on the cartridge cannot be erased, so the system is ideal for archiving
scans. If present, the WORM drive is identified as drive D.
Optical drives are not field-repairable. If a WORM drive option is installed, a full set of
diagnostic routines will be present at the [C:\CORELDRV] directory. Details of their use
are discussed in the optical disk drive manual.
2.4 DISPLAY ADAPTER

Current QDR-1500s employ a Video Graphics Array (VGA) display adapter. Three VGA display
adapters, Paradise, Supercom and Unique, are currently supported. Substitution of other brands
may cause system display errors. Please refer to the following figures for jumper and dip switch
settings.
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Figure 2-4 Paradise VGA Display Adapter (PVGA)
Figure 2-5 Supercom VGA Display Adapter (ZPVGA)
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Figure 2-6 Unique VGA Display Adapter (MVGA-P1C)
2.5 SCSI INTERFACE BOARD

This board is required only if a WORM (Write Once Read Many) optical disk drive option is
present.
To function properly, the board's EPROM must be removed, and all jumpers must be installed
correctly (see optical disk drive installation instructions).
The SCSI board is not field-repairable.
2.6 AT BUS INTERFACE BOARD

The AT Bus Interface board connects the system computer to the electronics of the QDR-1500
instrument. All control and data signals between the computer, an AT bus device, and the Motor
& Drive board are converted to RS485 differential signals by the AT Bus Interface board to allow
the use of up to 100 feet of cable between the instrument and the computer console. The AT Bus
Interface board also adds a slight delay to the access by the computer to allow for signals to
propagate across the long cables reliably. Additional circuitry is provided on the board to
provide a fast lookup table that is used by software to convert the raw data from the PMTs into a
scaled logarithm format.
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J3
U5 U4
ASSY NO. 131-0047 REV
U3 U2 U1
J3
RP1 INTERNAL
CONNECTOR
1 2
J2
C5 C4 C3 C2 C1
C22
U10
+ +
1
U9 U8 U7 U6
LOG PROM LOW
405-0020
C10 C9 C8 C7 C6
U15
R1
RP2
J2
LOG PROM HI
EXTERNAL
U14 U13 U12
U11 39 40
405-0019 405-0017
405-0016 405-0018 C11
C15 C14 C13 C12

CONNECTOR
U21 U18 U17
U20 U16
U19 C17
25
C21 C20 C19 C18 C16
JP1
R2
C1 J1
AT BUS INTERFACE 131-0047
Figure 2-7 AT Bus Interface
There are no jumpers or switches on the board to be set, the addressing is controlled by a
programmable logic IC that is pre-configured at Hologic to hex 3340. The two connectors on
the board are provided for use with either internal or external computer systems. When used in a
QDR-1500, the computer is external to the instrument and is located at the operator console.
The external 50 pin D style connector is used to connect the AT Bus board to the Bulkhead
Connector board located at the Power Panel of the instrument via a shielded 50 conductor cable.
The Bulkhead Connector board converts the 50 conductor cable back to a 20 pair ribbon cable
that plugs into the Motor & Drive board. The internal connector is only used when the AT Bus
Interface board is used as a replacement for a QDR-2000 Timing and Control Interface board.
The computer is internal to the instrument in this case and the 40 pin internal connector mates
with the 40 conductor ribbon cable from the Motor & Drive board.
2.7 MONITOR
The QDR-1500 comes with a Video Graphics Array (VGA) color CRT display. The
VGA color monitor may be supplied by several vendors. The monitor is used in the standard VGA
mode (640 x 480 pixel resolution), and is set to display 64 colors, including the QDR-1500 64-
level image gray scale. The most common reason for monitor failure is failure of the monitor's
internal power supply.
CAUTION: The color CRT monitor is designed to operate with 120 VAC power only. Never
CAUTION connect it to any other power source other then the one specifically provided for it.
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2.8 PRINTER OPTIONS
Along with the standard Mitsubishi P71U black-and-white Video Copy Processor,
there are now currently three other printer options available. They are the Hewlett Packard
DeskJet 500, DeskJet 550C and PaintJet series printers. The DeskJet 500 produces black and
white images on plain pre-cut (8"x11") paper, the DeskJet 550C produces color and B&W
images on plain paper, and the PaintJet produces color images on specially-designed sprocket-
fed paper.
To acquire a hard copy print with any of these printers, first make sure power has been applied to
the printer (press the power button if necessary), then press the <Print Scrn> key on the
keyboard. In a few seconds (longer for the P71U), a printed copy of the current monitor screen
display will begin to feed out. For further details, please refer to the printer Users Guide shipped
with each unit.
CAUTION: All printers are designed to operate with 120 VAC power only. Never connect them
CAUTION to any power source other then the one specifically provided for them.
MITSUBISHI VIDEO PRINTER
The standard hard copy device normally shipped with the QDR-1500 is the Mitsubishi P71U.
The P71U is a black & white thermal video copy processor. It has fine resolution and is
capable of printing at least 16 levels of gray. The printer can receive direct video input but it
is configured for the parallel port to eliminate any noise which might be present in the video
signal. For normal operation, the switches on the video printer should be set as follows:
Normal P71U Switch Settings:
CONTRAST................Dark
DIRECTION ...............Normal
INPUT.........................Parallel
FRAME/FIELD ..........Frame (button out)
POSI/NEGA................Posi (button out)
PAPER (on rear) ........Supper
HP DESKJET 500
The HP DeskJet 500 is a inkjet printer that produces jet-black, laser-like output. It works
well with most types of paper, although variables in paper composition may affect print
quality and paper handling. Bond paper gives excellent quality. Paper should be tested to
insure best performance. HP PaintJet paper should not be used.
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HP DESKJET 550C
The HP DeskJet 550C is a inkjet printer that produces integrated black and color, laser-like
output. It works well with most types of paper, although variables in paper composition may
affect print quality and paper handling. Bond paper gives excellent quality. Paper should be
tested to insure best performance. HP PaintJet paper should not be used.
HP PAINTJET
The HP PaintJet is a inkjet printer that produces colored prints. Using seven basic colors,
thousands of color shades can be printed by dithering (printing small dots of the basic colors
side by side). It works well with most types of paper although variables in paper
composition may affect print quality and paper handling. Paper should be tested to insure
best performance. Whenever possible, use HP PaintJet paper.
2.9 DETECTOR ASSEMBLY

The detector assembly consists of a scintillator crystal cemented to the face of a photomultiplier
tube (PMT), a circuit board containing a bias network, a current-to-voltage converter/amplifier,
and a high voltage power supply. The crystal/PMT and PC board are enclosed in a light-tight
container with a radiotransparent window in one face.
Exercise caution when working around the detector. The box should never be opened with power
on.
The detector assembly is not field-repairable, but problems can be diagnosed using an
oscilloscope and/or SURVEY.
2.10 MOTOR & DRIVE PC BOARD

The Motor and Drive (M&D) board serves as an interface for data and control signals between the
computer and the A/D board, the X-ray Controller, the stepper motors, the Power Distribution panel's
relays and LED indicators, the filter wheel pickoff, motion counter boards, limit switches, the
collimator position detector and all manual controls.
The M&D board generates all system timing signals, locking them synchronously to the 50Hz or
60Hz AC line. Such synchronization is required because the X-rays pulses occur on the positive and
negative half-cycles of the line, so all related filtration introductions, A/D conversion, and interrupts
must be line-synchronous as well. The transitions of all M&D board timing signals are also
synchronous with the board's 500K Hz clock, which is derived from an on-board 11MHz oscillator.
The M&D board provides, under proper conditions, the for control signals (HV ON, Zero-X, TRIM
and WARM) to the X-ray Controller board allowing X-rays to be generated.
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There is a pulse train (one 1msec pulse every 8.33 or 10.00 msec, depending on line frequency)
generated by the filter wheel pickoff. If the wheel is rotating synchronously and with the proper
position/line phase relationship, the pickoff pulse train will cause LED D3 to light; if not, the motor
mounts must be loosened and the motor physically rotated until D3 does light.
The stepper motor controller chips (U79-U82) are microprocessors programmed to control, through
off-board stepper translators, the stepper motors which provide X-axis, Y-axis, and table motion.
These are the only field-replaceable chips on the board; in all other respects, the board is not field-
repairable.
Some of the QDR-1500's switches (motion direction and table limits) are mechanical, and are
debounced before detection. The X-axis and Y-axis limit switches are Hall effect types, and are
sensed directly.
The M&D board communicates to the computer through the AT Bus Interface board's differential line
drivers and receivers, which buffer signals traveling to and from the computer's internal data, address
and control busses.
The Motor and Drive PC board base address is 3340 hex.
Note: On QDR-1500, the cables for JP13 and JP20 are installed and plugged into the M&D
board, but do NOT plug in to anything at the other end. Jumpers are used in the connectors at
the far end. This was done so that cables (and cable routing) could be standardized on QDR-
1500 and QDR-2000. The JP13 jumpers provide tilt switch signals, and the JP20 jumpers
provide array limit signals, to the computer. These jumpers are necessary for proper
operation of the QDR-1500.
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PC BOARD LAYOUT
Figure 2-8 Motor & Drive PC Board Assembly
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MOTOR & DRIVE CONNECTOR PIN-OUT ASSIGNMENTS
JP1
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNALS TO AND FROM COMPUTER VIA T&C INTERFACE
TRUE SIGNAL NAME COMPLM. TRUE SIGNAL NAME COMPLM.
1 Data Bit 0 2 21 Address Bit 2 22
9 Data Bit 4 10 29 Input/Output Read 30
11 Data Bit 5 12 31 Input/Output Write 32
13 Data Bit 6 14 33 Reset 34
15 Data Bit 7 16 35 Detector Valid Signal 36
17 Address Bit 0 18 37 External Valid Signal 38
19 Address Bit 1 20 39 Spare1 40
JP2
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNALS TO AND FROM A/D CONVERTER BOARD
COMPLM. SIGNAL NAME TRUE COMPLM. SIGNAL NAME TRUE
1 Spare1 (Vcc) 2 21 Detector Address 1 22
3 Spare2 (Vcc) 4 23 Detector Address 0 24
5 500K Hz Clock 6 25 Data Bit 7 26
7 INTG* (Time0) 8 27 Data Bit 6 28
9 Detector I/O Write 10 29 Data Bit 5 30
11 Detector I/O Read 12 31 Data Bit 4 32
13 Detector Address 5 14 33 Data Bit 3 34
JP3 JP4
X-RAY CONTROLLER OUTPUTS HIGH VOLTAGE (PMT)
PROGRAMMER DATA OUTPUT
1,3,4,5, - 1,3,5,7,9, GND
6,11,15 11,13,15
2 X-ray Enable (+5) 2 PMT Prog. Data Bit 7
7 +5V 4 PMT Prog. Data Bit 6
8 Zero Cross (low true) 6 PMT Prog. Data Bit 5
10 Warmup (low true) 10 PMT Prog. Data Bit 3
12 X-ray Spare 12 PMT Prog. Data Bit 2
14 Trim (low true) 16 PMT Prog. Data Bit 0
16 HV ON (low true)
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JP5 JP6
POST COLLIMATOR, MOTION AND X-RAY ON OUTLET, COLLIMATOR
LASER INDICATOR OUTPUTS (Geneva Wheel) AND LASER OUTPUTS
1 Post-collimator Power (not used) 1 X-ray Outlet ON (low true)
2 +5V 2 -
3 Post-collimator Step (not used) 3 Filter Motor Enable (low true)
4 +5V 4 Collimator Direction (low true)
5 Post-collimator Direction (not used) 5 Filter Motor Slow (low true)
6 +5V 6 Filter Motor Brake (low true)
7 Laser Enable Indicator (low true) 7 Filter Motor Reverse (not used)
8 +5V 8 Filter Wheel Pin (not used)
9 Motion Enable Indicator (low true) 9 -
10 Collimator Power (low true)
11 -
12 Laser Enable (low true)
JP8 JP10 JP11 JP12

DC POWER 50/60 Hz FILTER PICK- EMERGENCY
INPUT SENSE INPUT OFF INPUT STOP INPUT
1 GND 1 16V AC 1 - 1 GND
2 +5V (Vcc) 2 - 2 - 2 GND
3 GND 3 16V AC 3 +5V 3 -
4 - 4 Pick Signal 4 E-Stop (24V DC)
5 - 5 GND 5 Interlock (not used)
6 - 6 GND 6 -
7 -
JP13 JP14 JP15 JP16

TILT & POST X-AXIS LIMITS Y-AXIS TABLE
COLLIMAT. LIMITS LIMITS LIMITS
1 GND 1 +5V 1 GND 1 GND
2 - 2 GND 2 - 2 GND
3 Post-collimat. N.C. 3 - 3 Right 3 GND
4 Tilt C-Arm N.C. 4 Back 4 +5V 4 T. Left N.C.
5 - 5 +5V 5 - 5 T. Right N.C.
6 Post-collimat. N.O. 6 Middle 6 +5V 6 T. Center N.C.
7 Tilt C-Arm N.O. 7 GND 7 Left 7 T. Left N.O.
8 - 8 Front 8 - 8 T. Right N.O.
9 GND 9 - 9 GND 9 T. Center N.O.
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JP18 JP19 JP20

POST COLLIMATOR COLLIMATOR INPUT DETECTOR
(Not Currently Used) (Geneva Wheel Position) ARRAY LIMITS
1 +5V 1 Geneva Pos. LED 1 1 +5V
2 GND 2 Geneva Pos. LED 0 2 GND
3 Temperature (not used) 3 Sprocket Pos. 1 (not used) 3 Front Limit
4 +5V 4 +5V 4 +5V
5 GND 5 GND 5 GND
6 Post Collimator (not used) 6 Sprocket Pos. 0 6 Back Limit
7 - 7 +5V
8 GND 8 GND
9 Picture Limit (not used) 9 Geneva Pos. LED 3
10 +5V
11 GND
12 Geneva Pos. LED 2
JP21 JP22 JP23 JP24

X-AXIS STEPPER Y-AXIS STEPPER TABLE STEPPER ARRAY STEPPER
MOTOR OUTPUT MOTOR OUTPUT MOTOR OUTPUT MOTOR OUTPUT
1 Pulse 1 Pulse 1 Pulse 4 Pulse
3 Direction 3 Direction 3 Direction 6 Direction
5 Windings Off 5 Windings Off 5 Windings Off 8 Windings Off
2,4,6 GND 2,4,6 GND 2,4,6 GND 5,7,9 GND
7,8,9 - 7,8,9 - 7,8,9 - 1,2,3 -
JP25 JP26 JP27 JP28

X-AXIS MOTION Y-AXIS MOTION SPARE INPUT SPARE INPUT
COUNTER INPUT COUNTER INPUT (Future Use) (Future Use)
1,3,5, 1,3,5, 1,3,5, 1,3,5,
7,9,11 GND 7,9,11 GND 7,9,11 GND 7,9,11 GND
13,15 13,15 13,15 13,15
2 Data Bit 0 2 Data Bit 0 2 Data Bit 0 2 Data Bit 0
JP29
X, Y & T MOTION CONTROLS INPUTS
1 X-axis Forward 7 Table Left
2 X-axis Back 8 Table Right
4 Y-axis Right 3,6,9 GND
5 Y-axis Left 10,11,12 -
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M&D THEORY OF OPERATION:
The following operational description of the Motor & Drive board requires a set of schematics
(drawing P/N 131-0030-SD) to follow along.
The Motor and Driver board performs most of the electronic functions in the QDR-1500.
Its functions can be separated into two major parts.
1. Transmit control signals, from the computer, to the X-ray controller, stepper
motors, HV programmer, LED indicators, and relays (in power distribution panel).
2. Receive inputs from the A/D converter, filter pick-off, 50/60 Hz sensing, limit
switches, motion switches, collimator position, and emergency stop detection.
It communicates to the computer bus via the AT Bus Interface PCB and to the rest of the
machine via differential line and relay drivers.
SHEET #1:
Sheet one is the cover sheet and shows all the interconnections between sheets. Single lines
are single signals and bold lines are signal busses.
SHEET #2:
Sheet two is the power and ground page. It shows incoming power and ground, all the power
filter and bypass capacitors, the unused IC gates, and names the PCB connectors.
SHEET #3:
Sheet three shows the system timing generation. All timing signals are locked to the AC
line. This is necessary because, the X-ray generator is basically a "two pulse" full wave
generator which makes one X-ray pulse for each half cycle of the AC line.
A 50 or 60 Hertz signal (depending on AC line frequency) is brought in on JP10. It is

approximately 16 VAC RMS (24 Volt peak). A filter clipper network is formed by R5, C35,
and diodes D1 and D2 to reduce the pulse to 0.6 Volts peak. The comparator (U35) is biased
at 2.5 Volts by R6 and R7 and hysteresis is provided by R8 and R9. On each zero crossing
transition of the AC line, the comparator will change state, thus creating a digital square
wave whose frequency is equal to the AC line. This AC line referenced square wave is
reclocked with flip flop U37A to synchronize it with the system clock (SCLK1) and passed
on to flip flops U32A and U32B. These flip flops in combination with gates U30C and
U30A form digital one shots or pulse generators. A 2 microsecond negative going pulse is
created for each zero crossing of the AC line. The two outputs are combined in U31B to
form the signal CNTRESET, which is used to reset the main timing counter and clock the
filter wheel LED flip flop.
The main timing counter is made up by U40, U36, U38, and U41. The clock SCLK1 (from
sheet 5) increments the counters every 2 microseconds and CNTRESET resets them every
zero crossing of the AC line, which corresponds to every 8.333 msec. for 60 Hz or 10.000
msec. for 50Hz. The output count from the counter without the LSB (Least Significant Bit)
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makes up the address that is applied to the PROM U34. As the count changes different
timing signals are generated and sent to register U33 for reclocking to remove any possible
glitches. The signal 0INHIBIT* is used to prevent false triggering of U32A and U32B.
MOTOR & TIMING DIAGRAM (50HZ)
0MS 1MS 2MS 3MS 4MS 5MS 6MS 7MS 8MS 9MS 10MS
U34 PIN
TIME0 2
INTEGRATE
4.100MS 8.100MS
TIME1 5
TRIM
3.000MS 7.000MS
4.168MS
TIME2 6
READ PICKUP
TIME3 9
CLEAR PICKUP
4.172MS
1.760MS
TIME4 12
INTERRUPT
TIME5 15
ZERO CROSS
0.500MS 8.996MS
TIME6 1.760MS 16
ADACT*
A/D ACTIVE
19
3.260MS
9.504MS
TIME7
0INHIBIT*
0-X INHIBIT
MOTOR & TIMING DIAGRAM (60HZ)
0MS 1MS 2MS 3MS 4MS 5MS 6MS 7MS 8MS 9MS
U34 PIN
TIME0 2
INTEGRATE
3.268MS 7.268MS
TIME1 5
TRIM
2.168MS 6.168MS
4.168MS
TIME2 6
READ PICKUP
TIME3 9
CLEAR PICKUP
4.172MS
1.760MS
TIME4 12
INTERRUPT
TIME5 15
ZERO CROSS
0.500MS
7.332MS
TIME6 16
ADACT*
A/D ACTIVE 1.760MS
3.260MS 19
TIME7 8.000MS
0INHIBIT*
0-X INHIBIT
Figure 2-9 Motor & Drive 50Hz & 60Hz Timing Diagrams
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The filter wheel synchronization signal (PICK), from sheet 8, is clocked into flip flop U37B
by CNTRESET*. The PICK signal is a low going pulse, approximately 1 msec. wide,
occurring once every rotation of the filter wheel, or every 50 msec. on 60Hz machines, and
every 60 msec. on 50Hz machines. If the PICK and CNTRESET* signals are in synch, then
the LED D3 will light. If the signal are not in synch (LED is off), the filter wheel motor
must be rotated to bring the PICK signal in synch until the LED lights.
SHEET #4:
Sheet four contains most of the computer bus and A/D communications. Eight bits of data
WDATA[0..7], 6 bits of address AD[0..5], I/O Read, I/O Write, and previously decoded
major addresses (from the T&C Interface PCB) Detector Valid (3300 Hex) and External
Valid (3340 Hex). Reset is also received by U2 and interrupt requests are transferred via
U1.
All the computer bus signals are sent through JP1. The 8 bit data bus is bidirectional while
the other signals are unidirectional. All signals are sent via parallel full differential mode
and each signal requires 2 wires. To send a "1" the true wire must be set and the untrue wire
not set, and the inverse to send a "0". This enables bus signals to be sent over relatively long
distances in a noisy environment.
Data signals come in from the computer in receivers U46 and U45 and are then sent around
the Motor and Drive board via the bus WDATA[0..7]. They are also buffered in U49 and sent
to the drivers U47 and U48 for transmission to the A/D PCB via JP2. Transmission is
inhibited to the A/D board during signal integration and digitization by timing signal
ADACT*. Data signals are received back from the A/D PCB on receivers U8 and U9,
combined with the signals from the board on the bus RBUFDAT[0..7] and sent back to the
computer via drivers U6 and U5.
Addresses AD[0..5], I/O Read, I/O Write and address decodes DETVAL* & EXTVAL* come
in from the computer via receivers U4, U3, and U2. They are also sent around the board and
over to the A/D PCB via the drivers U10 & U11. The 500K Hz clock (SCLK2) and the
integration signal (TIME0) are sent via driver U12. The interrupt request signal (INTREQ*)
is sent back to the computer via driver U1. The address valid signals (DETVAL* &
EXTVAL*) are combined with I/O Read (IOR*) and I/O Write (IOW*) to make local control
signals and strobes. Signals to and from the A/D travel through JP2.
SHEET #5:
Sheet five contains the master oscillator from which all the timing signals on this board, the
A/D board, and the X-ray controller board are generated.
Y1 is an 11.000 MHz oscillator which is buffered in U88B and sent to the four stepper
motor controllers and the CLK input of counter chip U57. The counter U57 and gate U58D
form a divide by eleven circuit which divides the 11.000 MHz (MOTCLK) signal down to 1
MHz. The 1 MHz output is sent to sheet 7 to be used in the interrupt generation. The flip-
flop U76A further divides the 1 MHz signal by two to get a 500K Hz signal which is
buffered by U59E & U59F to form SCLK1 and SCLK2.
Sheet five also contains the stepper motor controllers U79 and U80. They control the
motion of the X-axis and the Y-axis stepper motors. These chips have a control input, a data
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input, a status output and a data output. Pulses (status 0) and direction (status 3) are taken
off the status port for additional processing and then sent off board to the stepper
translators. The computer may transmit to and read back from these ports. It is also
possible to read back the data register directly if bit-6 of the control word is set low. All the
stepper motor write and read addresses are decoded in U69 and U97. Address information
follows on sheet six.
SHEET #6:
Sheet six is very similar to sheet five, but U81 and U82 control the "T" (table) and "A" (array)
axis. In addition, there are the pulse stretchers U83A, U83B, U84A, and U84B. The purpose
of these "one shots" is to lengthen the pulse width from a narrow 2 or 3 microseconds to
approximately 65 microseconds, which is necessary to drive the stepper translator.
Stretched pulses and motor directions are then buffered in U101 and sent out to the stepper
translators.
Motor port addresses are as follows:
Control & Status Ports Data Ports

Motor "X" 3348 Hex 3349 Hex
Motor "Y" 334A Hex 334B Hex
Motor "T" 334C Hex 334D Hex
Motor "A" 334E Hex 334F Hex
SHEET #7:
Sheet seven is the output control page and interrupt generator. The WDATA[0..7] bus comes
in at the upper left of the sheet and is buffered in U52. The addresses are decoded in U51.
Register U18 latches the voltage programming byte for the PMT power supply. Full scale
(FF Hex or 255 Dec.) equals -900 Volts DC at the detector. Register U53 latches control
bytes for the X-ray controller and timing PROM. Bit-0 (WATCHDOG) must be constantly
toggled to keep the watchdog circuit U17B awake. The output of the watchdog circuit
(DOGAWAKE) is anded with X-ray enable signal (XRAYON). This is done to insure the X-
rays will go off in the event of a computer failure even if the XRAYON signal is left set.
The small reed relay (K1) supplies +5 Volts to the solid state relay on the X-ray controller
board. This relay is also necessary to be set in order to turn on X-rays. This safety measure
prevents accidental activation of X-rays in case of a grounded cable or shorted
semiconductor junction.
U55 is the filter wheel and post collimator register. It latches motor commands to the filter
wheel and post collimator. (The post collimator is currently not implemented). U54
controls power to the four stepper motors. It also controls the motion and laser indicators
on the arm as well as power to the laser itself. U56 controls the power and direction for the
X-ray beam collimator (Geneva wheel). Most of the register outputs are buffered by higher
voltage and current drivers U13, U15, U16, U19, U21, U23, U24, U25, U26, and U27.
These drivers will handle up to 30 Volts and 300 mA. Control addresses appear above each
register on the schematic.
Interrupts are generated by the timing signal (TIME4) which is generated in the timing
PROM on sheet 3 and occurs synchronously with the AC line either 100 or 120 times per
second depending wether the machine is operating on 50 or 60 Hertz. TIME4 is reclocked
with the 1 MHz clock in U75A, to give it a pulse width of 1 microsecond, then inverted and
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gated in U74B and sent to the computer. Interrupts may be enabled or disabled by writing a
"1" or a "0" to U73A (Address 3346 Hex, bit-6). If interrupts are enabled U73B will be set
each time an interrupt is generated. This may be verified by reading back bit-7. The
interrupt may now be cleared by writing a "0" to bit-7.
SHEET #8:
Sheet eight is primarily an input page. Starting at the upper left, the emergency stop and
interlock signals are brought in on JP12. These are both 24 Volt true signals. They are
reduced to 3.6 Volts by voltage dividers and applied to the inputs of comparators U77 and
U86. The comparators are biased to 2.5 Volts and their outputs are sent to buffer U105.
The next signal is the filter pickup (PICK) brought in on JP11. It is pulled up, filtered and
latched in U28B. The state of U28B is transferred to U28A by TIME2 (read pickup) and
U28B is then immediately cleared by TIME3 (clear pickup). This gives the computer a
longer window of opportunity to read the state of the filter wheel. The filter pickup signal
PKSTAT is then sent to buffer U105. Other signals at the buffer U105 are, the HILOW
signal, which reflects the state of the AC line, the HVON, which determines whether or not
X-rays are enabled. The PICTURE, POSTCOL, and TEMP signals are not currently used.
All these may be read at address 3343.
U108 receives its inputs from the X-axis (back and front) limit switches from JP14, the Y-
axis (left and right) limit switches from JP15, and the table left, right, and center limit
switches from JP16. The X-axis and Y-axis switches are Hall Effect switches, while the
table switches are mechanical and are debounced by U78. These limit switches may be read
at address 3344.
The motion input switches mounted on the arm of the machine, the X-axis carriage midway
limit switch, and the array limit switches are presented to buffer U111. These switches may
be read at address 3345. On QDR-1500 jumpers are used in place of array limit switches.
Interrupt status is fed to U85A and may be read at address 3346 Hex. Signals indicating
whether the detector has been rotated into the lateral scanning position are debounced in
U60. Currently the post-collimator signals are not used. Collimator position signals along
with the tilt information are passed to buffer U110. The four bits of collimator position
information provide 16 possible locations for the collimator (Geneva wheel) to be in. A
sprocket bit indicates that the collimator is locked in a valid position. Only SPROCK0 is
used. Tilt and collimator positions may be read at address 3347 Hex. All sheet eight
addresses are decoded in U102.
SHEET #9:
Sheet nine contains both inputs and outputs. On the left are 4 input port connectors. JP25
(X POS) is the input from the encoder counter on the X-axis lead screw and is sent to buffer
U104. It may be read at address 3352 Hex. JP26 (Y POS) is the input from the encoder
counter on the Y-axis lead screw and is sent to buffer U106. It may be read at address 3353
Hex. JP27 (AUX A) is a spare input port going to buffer U107. It may be read at address
3354 Hex. JP28 (AUX B) is another spare input going to buffer U109. It may be read at
address 3355 Hex. All input addresses on sheet nine are decoded in U103.
U100 is the output buffer for the stepper motor power enables. These enables along with
stepper pulses and direction are sent out to the stepper motor translators via JP21 thru JP24.
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2.11 X-RAY CONTROLLER
CAUTION: AC Line voltage of 110-130VAC is present on this assembly when power is on.
Power can be temporarily disconnected by pressing the Emergency Stop button.
THEORY OF OPERATION
The X-ray controller board, located inside the back of the C-arm, takes unregulated 120
VAC and produces two regulated outputs that feed the High Voltage Power Supply/Source
(HVPS/Source) and control its generation of X-rays. One output feeds the primary of the
high voltage transformer and controls the energies of the X-rays produced; the seconds
feeds the primary of the X-ray tube's filament transformer, thereby controlling tube current
and X-ray flux.
The HV transformer primary voltage is regulated by two banks of power transistors, one for
each line half-cycle in a linear pass configuration. Each bank consists of four paralleled
Darlington pairs. Using support circuitry and control signals from the Motor & Drive board,
these transistors clip the line into +100Vp pulses with duration's of 4msec.
The filament transformer primary voltage controls the filament temperature, which in turn
controls tube current and the tube's X-ray flux output. Tube current is monitored during the
low (70kVp) X-ray pulse, and the monitored current is used to determine the on-time of a
phase-controlled triac in series with the filament transformer primary.
If a X-ray controller board is replaced, the X-ray tube voltage pulse energies and current,
along with the patient dose must be measured and checked as described in Section 4.
Figure 2-10 X-ray Controller Block Diagram
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Figure 2-11 X-ray Controller Timing Diagram
Figure 2-12 X-ray Controller Board Assembly
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X-RAY CONTROLLER CONNECTOR PIN-OUT ASSIGNMENTS
J1 J2 J3
INPUT/OUTPUT POWER POWER & SIGNAL TO X-RAY SIGNALS FROM
SOURCE M&D PCB
1 115VAC Input (Hot) 1 +100Vp to HV Transformer 1 HV ON*
2 Fan Return 2 Neutral (Return) 2 +5V In
3 115VAC to Fan 3 GND 3 Zero-X*
4 115VAC Return (Neutral) 4 115VAC to Filmt. Transf. 4 +5V In
5 X-ray ON Light Return 5 Reg. Filmt. Transf. Voltage 5 WARM*
6 115VAC to X-ray ON Light 6 Tube Current Feed Back 6 +5V In
7 Chassis GND 7 kVp Test Point 1 7 -
8 kVp Test Point 2 8 -
9 -
10 -
11 TRIM*
12 +5V In
13 -
14 -
15 -
16 -
Note: A "*" after the name of a control signal indicates a low true signal.
The X-ray controller board is partially field-repairable, and can be tested in the field as
described in the following procedure.
TESTING THE X-RAY CONTROLLER BOARD
This procedure describes how to test an X-ray controller board for correct outputs to the
primaries of the HV and filament transformers. In addition to an oscilloscope, the test
requires a 100W incandescent bulb, with appropriate socket and leads, and a 5K ohm
potentiometer.
Checking the board for correct HV transformer primary drive
1) Press in either red STOP button to remove power from the X-ray controller board.
2) Unplug the cable from J2.
3) Set up the oscilloscope as follows:
Trigger = Auto
Sec/Div = 2 mS
Vertical Mode = Add, Both, Invert Channel 2
A Source Trigger = Line, Channel 1, Positive Slope
Channel 1 Volts/Div = 50V
4) Connect the light bulb to J2-1 and J2-2.
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5) Connect the channel 1 probe to J2-1, and the channel 2 probe to J2-2.
6) Set both channel AC/GND/DC switches to GND, set the traces on the center line
of the screen, then switch both probes to DC.
7) Pull the red STOP button out, restoring power to the X-ray controller board.
8) Using SURVEY2, use <F1> to request X-rays.
9) Observe the oscilloscope and adjust its trigger level control until the display is
stable and appears similar to one of the waveforms shown below. If a waveform
other than the correct one is observed, turn off the X-rays (press <F2>), power
down the board (press in the red STOP button) and check the indicated components.
Figure 2-13 X-ray controller waveforms
Checking the board for correct filament transformer primary drive
10) With the board powered down (red STOP button pressed in), connect the light bulb
to J2-4 and J2-5.
11) Connect the ends of the 5K ohm pot across D30 (+12V and +12V return), and the
arm to J2-6
12) Pull the red STOP button out and run SURVEY2. Press <F1> to request X-rays.
The lamp should light if the voltage on the arm is below 10V, and dim as the voltage
is raised above the 10V threshold. If the lamp does not dim, check Q18 . If it fails
to light at all, check Q18 and U6.
2.12 HIGH VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY AND X-RAY SOURCE

The High Voltage Power Supply/Source (HVPS/S) is a sealed subassembly. It contains the High
Voltage Generator, the X-ray tube, primary tube shielding and collimation assemblies. Caution
should be exercised and no attempt should ever be made to open or internally service a HVPS/S
assembly in the filed. The assembly weighs approximately 200 pounds (90 Kg) and lifting it can
cause back injury unless proper lifting procedures (knees bent, back straight and at least two people
lifting) are observed.
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0
2.13 ANALOG TO DIGITAL (ADC) BOARD
-
The ADC board performs the signal processing functions required to convert the photomultiplier tube
(PMT) detector signal into a digital format to be acquired by the computer. The ADC board also
contains the detector pulse integrator, a programmable gain amplifier, and the PMT high voltage
programmer digital to analog (DAC) circuit. The ADC circuit is a 16 bit resolution, single slope
5
converter that operates by converting the analog signal level into a digital pulse width that is then
-
measured by using a 25 MHz crystal oscillator and high speed counters. The pulse integrator circuit
measures the area under the detector pulse to provide improved signal to noise ratio. The
programmable gain amplifier allows normalizing the signal levels between the high and low energy x-
5
ray pulses. The high voltage programmer DAC provides a computer controlled reference signal to
the high voltage power supply. This reference sets the high voltage value applied to the PMT bias
resistors. 0
power input
5
5 volts OK LED 5 +/- 15 volts OK LEDs

connector
D1 JP2
R4 D7
U10 R3 R7
C43 C42 R41

C41
D2 D3
R42
1 7
0
D5
+ + +
R13 D6
C18
RP1 JP3 R12
C19 P1
C10 C45
C46
C44
C28 R17
L1 C30
U17
U1 U23 C20
R16
R14
8
to PMT detector
R6 +
C21
TP7 R43
JP1 RP2 C1
C22 U18
power and signal
U6
U13
1 U24 connector
R18
C23
U15 R37 1
R15
4
2 U2 R40 C48
C31
0
D4
TP2 R39
to M&D Board C6 C13 C15 C29 C38
R1 R36
U25
TP8
RP3 C2
R35 C32
computer R2
C39
TP3 TP9
interface
U3 U7 U11 U16
connector TP1
C34
Test Points
4
AGND
C35
RP4 C3 C7 C11 C17
R11 TP5 TP1 - analog ground

C50
C16 U26
U27 R19
TP2 - integrator output
R9 U19
40 U4 C40
TP3 - gain amp input
U8 R10 C25
U12
C51
TP4 - gain amp output
RP6
U22 TP5 - ramp generator
RP5 C4 C8
R29
TP6 - digital ground
C52 TP7 - HV programmer DAC
C36 C53 C26
C27
TP8 - preamp output
U14 R24 R23
U5
R33 U28 R38 R25 TP9 - HV through 100:1
U9 U20 R21 R22
R26
4
R34
ASSY NO. 131-0051 REV
C5 C9 C12 C24 C37
C14
R44
R46
TP6 C47 R45
GND
QDR-1500 ADC Board 131-0051
Figure 2-14 ADC Board
There are no switches or adjustment to be set on the ADC Board. Several relevant signals may be
monitored using an oscilloscope connected to the indicated test points. The three power indicator
LEDs must be on for correct operation.
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2.14 MOTION CONTROL PANEL

The QDR-1500 motion control panel, located on the front of the arm, provides motion buttons for
moving the arm and table. It also includes Laser On, Motion Enabled and X-ray On indicator lamps,
and the Emergency Stop switch. The Motion Control Panel schematic drawing (140-0038-SD) is
provided in Appendix A.
MOTION CONTROL PANEL
Figure 2-15 Motion Control Panel
2.15 GENEVA POSITION ENCODER BOARDS

The Geneva encoder PC boards are used to determine the position of the Geneva collimator wheel,
and which of the 16 possible collimators is in the X-ray beam. The two boards are mounted on either
side of the Geneva wheel; one contains four LEDs, the other four photodetectors. The Geneva wheel
has holes placed around its edge which allow the infrared light of the LEDs to be detected by the
photodetectors. The holes in the Geneva wheel are placed so that each collimator position produces
an unique four-bit code, which the computer interprets as a particular collimator.
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PD4 3
LD1
MLED71 1
MRD750
2
3
LD2 PD3
MLED71
1
JP2
R1
1
2 MRD750
3
100 OHM 2
4
5
R2
6
7
LD3 3
8 PD2
100 OHM MLED71
HEADER 8
R3 1
100 OHM MRD750

R4 2
100 OHM LD4 R5 WP1

MLED71 3 TO COM GENEVA POSITION SWITCH
PD1 WP
270 OHM
1
WP2
TO N.O. GENEVA POSITION SWITCH
WP
TOP BOARD MRD750
2
JP1
5V 12
11
10
GENEVA
9
8
COLIM3
7
6
COLIM2
5
COLIM1 4
3
0V
COLIM0 2
1
File Name: 520181_A.SCH
Figure 2-16 Geneva Wheel Position Encoder Schematic
JP1 COLLIMATOR POSITION NUMBER

Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 (C-0) L H H L H L L H L H H H H L L L
3 (C-1) L L H H L H L L H L H H H H L L
5 (C-2) L L L H H L H L L H L H H H H L
7 (C-3) L L L L H H L H L L H L H H H H
2, 4, 6, 0V From Motor & Drive PC Board
8, 10
9 Geneva Valid
11, 12 +5 Volts Input Power From Motor & Drive PC Board
NOTE: The output of the photodetectors are high when the LEDs are blocked and low when not blocked.
2.16 MOTION COUNTER PC BOARD

A motion counter PC board is located at the end of each lead screw. It is used to detect motion on
the X and Y axis during a scan. Motion is detected by alternating open and opaque segments on an
indexing wheel passing through a pair of optical interrupters. These detectors are used in quadrature
to provide unambiguous indication of direction of rotation. The detector outputs are used to
increment or decrement, depending on direction of rotation, an eight-bit counter.
The counter is incremented (or decremented) 32 times per revolution of the indexing wheel, or once
for every 1/64 inch of motion. The output of each counter is connected through a ribbon cable to a
header on the Motor and Drive PCB and read periodically when interrogated by the host computer.
Power for the motion counter is provided by the main +5 volt DC power supply through a separate 2-
conductor cable.
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MOTION COUNTER PCB CONNECTOR PIN-OUT ASSIGNMENT
J1
MOTION COUNTER OUTPUT
1 Data Bit 4 2 GND
3 Data Bit 5 4 GND
5 Data Bit 6 6 GND
7 Data Bit 7 8 GND
9 Data Bit 8 10 GND
11 Data Bit 9 12 GND
2.17 POWER SUPPLIES

LOW VOLTAGE (+5V, +/-15V DC) POWER SUPPLY
The Low Voltage Power Supply (LVPS) assembly provides power to the following devices:
Con. - 515J1 Analog to Digital (A/D) converter board.

Con. - 515J2 Motor & Drive (M&D) board and PMT High Voltage Programmer
board.
Con. - 5VP1 X and Y-axis motion counter boards.
Con. - 5VP2 Solid State Laser (when used in place of Helium-Neon).
The power supply is a triple output commercial model rated at +5V DC at 6 amps and +15V
DC at 1.5 amps. The supply's input voltage is 120V AC, fed from the Power Distribution
Panel (PDP) via circuit breaker CB6. The power supply is both current limited and short
circuit protected.
5V DC POWER SUPPLY
The 5 Volt DC Power Supply assembly is wired in series with the two power supplies for the
X and Y-axis stepper motors. This has the effect of raising the voltage to the two stepper
motors from 28V DC to 33V DC. This is only done on the X and Y axes to eliminate the
possibility of stepper motor stalling during fast scan modes.
The supply's input voltage is 120V AC, fed from the Power Distribution Panel (PDP) via
circuit breaker CB2 and relay K1. The power supply is both current limited and short circuit
protected.
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24V DC POWER SUPPLY
The 24V DC Power Supply assembly provides power to the following items:
Emergency Stop and Key Switches

Relays in the Power Distribution Panel
Helium-Neon Laser (if supplied in place of solid state laser)
circuit breaker CB6. The power supply is both current limited and short circuit protected.
28V DC POWER SUPPLY
The 28V DC Power Supply assembly provides power to the QDR-1500's X-axis, Y-axis, and
Table stepper motors..
circuit breaker CB2 and relay K1. The power supply is both current limited and short circuit
protected.
2.18 POWER DISTRIBUTION PANEL

As its name implies, this assembly serves as the entry point for AC power to the QDR-1500, and as
the means for distributing it (via circuit breakers and relays) to the various components of the system.
Exercise caution when working inside the power distribution panel. Line voltage (100 to 240
VAC) is present at all times unless the main power cord has been unplugged.
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POWER DISTRIBUTION PANEL BLOCK DIAGRAM
Figure 2-17 Power Distribution Panel Block Diagram
P.D.P. CONNECTOR PIN-OUT ASSIGNMENT
Note: Circuit breakers are designated by CB prefixes, and relays by K.
J1 J2 J2A J3 J4
LV, 24V & PMT Computer Fan (on side) X-ray Stepper
Pin Power Supplies Controller Motors PS
No CB3 CB4 CB4 CB3 & K1 CB2 & K1
1 LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE
2 GND GND GND GND GND
3 NEWTR. NEWTR. NEWTR. NEWTR. NEWTR.
J5 J6 JP2 JP3 JP4

Filter Wheel Collimator Laser Power From 24V From 5V PS
Pin Motor Control Out PS
No CB2, K9, 10 & 11 CB2, K6 & 7 K3
1 LINE LINE-CW +5V DC +24V DC +5V DC
2 GND LINE-CCW - - -
3 NEWTR. LINE-Brake +5V Ret - +5V Ret
4 NEWTR. +24V Ret
5 GND
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Pin MD P6 Pin MD P10

No Signals from Motor & Drive Relay No 50/60 Hz Sense to Motor & Drive
1 Auxiliary X-ray ON Outlet Enable K2 1 16 V AC From T1
2 - 2 -
3 Filter Wheel Power Enable K11 3 16 V AC From T1
4 Collimator Direction Enable K7
5 Filter Wheel Slow - not currently used K9
6 Filter Wheel Brake - not currently used K10
7 -
8 -
9 -
10 Collimator Power Enable K6
11 -
12 Laser Power Enable K3
Note: All the signals from M&D are low true.
2.19 TRANSITION CONNECTOR PANEL CONNECTIONS

The following tables show the pin out assignment of the connectors at the transition panel between
the base of the QDR-1500 and the C-arm assembly. The connectors are as follows:
° Five 12 pin Mate & Lock connectors, identified as #1, #2, #3, #5, and #6.
° Two 25 pin D-Sub connectors, identified as #A and #B.
° One 37 pin D-Sub connector, identified as #C.
TRANSITION CONNECTOR PIN-OUT ASSIGNMENT
The tables are set up to be read from the center (the transition point) out to either edge (the
source or destination).
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Base (Lower Carriage) C-Arm (Upper Carriage)

TCS1 0181-00016-00 No. 1 TCP1 0181-00070-00
1 1 LINE FW 1 AC power
2 J5 2 GND M 2 to the Filter
AC power 3 3 NEW. P1 3 Wheel Motor
from the 1 4 LINE XR 1 AC power
Power 2 J3 5 GND P 2 to the X-ray
Distribution 3 6 NEW. P1 3 Controller
Panel 1 7 LINE-CW 1 AC power,
2 8 LINE-CCW GM 2 direction, and
3 J6 9 LINE-Brake P1 3 brake to the
4 10 NEW. 4 Collimator
5 11 GND 5 Motor
12 Keying Plug

TCS2 0181-00009-00 No. 2 TCP2 0181-00068-00
DC power 1 1 +15 VDC 7 DC power to
from the 2 2 0V 6 A/D Converter
Low Voltage 3 515 3 -15 VDC JP 5 and 16 Channel
Power Supply 4 J1 4 +5 VDC 18 2 Side Boards
Power Supply 5 5 GND 1
6 Keying Plug
2 7 Phase A 1 Array
Stepper Motor - A-AXIS 8 - 2 Stepper
Power from 3 9 Phase A ASM 3 Motor
Array 5 Step. 10 Phase B P1 4 Power
Translator 6 Translt. 11 Phase B 6 Signal
- 12 - 5

TCS3 0181-00024-00 No. 3 TCP3 0181-00069-00
Switched (K3) 3 JP2 1 Ret. LM 3 Power to Laser
Laser Power 1 2 VDC S1 1 (+5 or +24 V)
3 Keying Plug
Key 6 4 +24 VDC 1 Emergency Stop
Switch 7 5 +24 VDC 3 Switches 1 & 2
6 Keying Plug
7 Keying Plug
8 -
9 Keying Plug
10 -
11 -
12 Keying Plug
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TCS5 0181--00036-00 No. 5 TCP5 0181-00037-00
5 1 0V 2
Collimator 2 2 Collm. Opto 0 1 Collimator
(Geneva wheel) 4 3 +5 VDC 11&12 (Geneva Wheel)
Position Input 1 JP19 4 Collm. Opto 1 JP1 3 Position
to 12 5 Collm. Opto 2 5 Encoder
Motor & Drive 9 6 Collm. Opto 3 7 Output
PCB 6 7 Geneva Set 9 (4 opto-
switches)
11 8 0V 10
9 Keying Plug
Pick-Off Input 3 10 +5 VDC F 1 Filter Wheel
to 4 JP11 11 Pick-Off PO 2 Pick-Off
Pulse
Motor & Drive 5 12 0V P1 3 Sensor

TCS6 0181--00058-00 No. 6 TCP6 0181-00062-00
Array Detector 1 1 +5 VDC R&F 4 Detector
Limit Inputs 2 2 0V R&F 1 Array
to 5 JP20 3 GND Front & Back
Motor & Drive 6 4 Back Limit Rear 2& Hall Effect
3
PCB 3 5 Front Limit Front 2& Limit Switches
3
6 Keying Plug
7 -
8 -
9 Keying Plug
Mercury Tilt 4 10 Tilt N.C. TS 1 C-Arm
Switches to 7 JP13 11 Tilt N.O. P1 2 Mercury
Motor & Drive 9 12 GND 3 Tilt Switches

TCSA 0181--00008-00 No. A TCPA 0181-00066-00
Motion Control 7 1 Table Left 1
(Top & Front) 8 2 Table Right 3
Pad Inputs 5 JP29 3 Y-axis Left 5 Motion
to 4 4 Y-axis Right JP1 7 Control
Motor & Drive 1 5 X-axis Fwrd. 9 (Top & Front)
PCB 2 6 X-axis Back 11 Pads
LED Indicators 9 JP5 7 Motion LED 13
from M&D 7 8 Laser LED 15
9 -
10 -
11 -
12 -
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13 -
Digital Ground 9 14 0V 2
- 15 - 4
from the 6 JP29 16 0V 6
- 17 - 8 Motion
Motor & Drive 3 18 0V JP1 10 Control
- 19 - 12 (Top & Front)
Vcc from 6 JP5 20 +5 VDC 14 Pads
Motor & Drive 8 21 +5 VDC 16
22 -
23 -
24 -
25 -

TCSB 0181--00085-00 No. B TCPB 0181-00019-00
X-ray 16 1 HV ON* 1
Controller 8 2 Zero Cross* 3 X-ray
Outputs 10 JP3 3 Warm* 5 Controller
from the 12 4 Spare J3 7 Input Signals
Motor & Drive 4 5 - 9 from the
PCB 14 6 Trim* 11 Motor & Drive
7 - 13 PCB
8 - 15
9 -
10 -
11 -
12 -
13 -
X-ray 2 14 X-ray Enable 2
Controller 7 15 +5 VDC 4 X-ray
Outputs 9 JP3 16 +5 VDC 6 Controller
from 11 17 - 8 Input Signals
Motor & Drive 3 18 - J3 10 from the
PCB 13 19 +5 VDC 12 Motor & Drive
20 - 14 PCB
21 - 16
22 -
23 -
24 -
25 -
Note: A "*" after the name of a control signal indicates a LOW true signal.
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TCSB 0181--00015-00 No. C TCPB 0181-00025-00
5 1 500KHz 5
Clock
7 2 INTG* Signal 7
9 3 Det. I/O Write 9
11 4 Det. I/O Read 11
13 5 R/W Add. 5 13 Complementary
15 6 R/W Add. 4 15 Signals
Complementary 17 7 R/W Add. 3 17 to and from
Signals 19 8 R/W Add. 2 19 the
to and from the 21 JP2 9 R/W Add. 1 JP19 21 Analog
Motor & Drive 23 10 R/R Add. 0 23 to
PCB 25 11 Data Bit 7 25 Digital
27 12 Data Bit 6 27 Converter
29 13 Data Bit 5 29 PCB
31 14 Data Bit 4 31
33 15 Data Bit 3 33
35 16 Data Bit 2 35
37 17 Data Bit 1 37
39 18 Data Bit 0 39
19
6 20 500KHz 6
Clock
8 21 INTG* Signal 8
10 22 Det. I/O Write 10
12 23 Det. I/O Read 12
14 24 R/W Add. 5 14 True
16 25 R/W Add. 4 16 Signals
18 26 R/W Add. 3 18 to and from
True 20 27 R/W Add. 2 20 the
Signals 22 28 R/W Add. 1 22 Analog
to and from the 24 JP2 29 R/R Add. 0 JP9 24 to
Motor & Drive 26 30 Data Bit 7 26 Digital
PCB 28 31 Data Bit 6 28 Converter
30 32 Data Bit 5 30 PCB
32 33 Data Bit 4 32
34 34 Data Bit 3 34
36 35 Data Bit 2 36
38 36 Data Bit 1 38
40 37 Data Bit 0 40
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2.20 TABLE BELT PATH
Figure 2-18 Table Belt Path (viewed from the front)
Figure 2-19 Table Belt Path (viewed from the rear)
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Section 3- Installation
3.0 INSTALLATION
3.1 RECOMMENDED TOOLS & SUPPLIES
Hologic recommends that the following items be handy when working on the QDR-1500:
Cable ties in assorted sizes and lengths.
Assortment of both flat-blade and Phillips screwdrivers.
Assortment of needle-nose and diagonal cutting pliers.
Socket drivers (1/4", 3/8", 7/16", 1/2" and 3/4").
Open-end wrenches (3/8", 7/16", 1/2", 9/16", 5/8" and 3/4").
Hex driver (Allen wrench) set. Recommended sizes are 1/16", 5/64",
3/32", 7/64", 1/8", 9/64", 5/32" 3/16", 7/32" and 1/4".
Level, 9-inches or longer in length.
Adjustable wrench.
Soldering iron
Digital multimeter.
Oscilloscope.
Norton Utilities disk

Hyundai Diagnostic Utility disk
Blank 2HD floppy disks.
QDR-1500 Operator's manual

DOS Operating System manual
Computer manual
Printer manual
Optical Disk Drive manual (when installed)
Spare mechanical and hall effect limit switches (3 each), in case any are
damaged during transport or installation of the unit.
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3.2 ROOM SIZE

The QDR-1500 can be installed in a room as small as 9' (275 cm) x 11'6" (351 cm), with a doorway
as narrow as 33" (84 cm). A larger room, however, simplifies both use and service, and if the
doorway is 36" (92 cm) or wider, installation is greatly simplified.
The operator's console may be up to 50' (15.24 m) away from the instrument, but since leakage and
scatter radiation levels are extremely low, it can be safely located in the same room with the QDR-
1500 itself.
3.3 ARRANGE FOR HELP

In moving the unit to its final location, you will require the assistance of at least two able-bodied
persons to help you direct the machine, hold doors and lift heavy parts. The amount of help required
will depend on how difficult the installation site is, and therefore how much of the machine has to be
disassembled. If the hallways and doorways are wide enough for the unit to be wheeled into the room
on its casters, you will need only two persons to help you. If the machine has to be disassembled and
tipped on its side to pass through tight openings, then you will require three or more able-bodied
helpers.
3.4 INSPECT FOR VISIBLE SHIPPING DAMAGE

Inspect the exteriors of all crates and boxes for shipping damage, and bring any damage discovered to
the attention of the customer's Shipping/Receiving department before proceeding.
3.5 UNCRATE UNIT

If the unit has been crated, remove it from the crate as described below. Otherwise, skip to INSPECT
FOR HIDDEN SHIPPING DAMAGE.
UNCRATING MAIN QDR ASSEMBLY
° Remove the cardboard box by lifting it straight up and off. Be careful not to scratch the
unit. Remove the boxes from on top, and under the unit.
° Remove 9/16" lag screw, pull out the two ramps from the bottom of the crate, and set
them in place.
° Remove the wing nuts from bolts on the brace in front of the unit. Drive down the bolts
and remove the brace.
Note: Make sure the bolts are down far enough, after the brace is removed, so as not to scratch
the unit when rolling it off the platform.
° Remove four 3/4" bolts from the rear of the unit (through the back brace).
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° Carefully roll the machine down the ramps.
UNCRATING C-ARM ASSEMBLY AND INSTALLING CASTERS
° Remove the cardboard box from the C-arm assembly by lifting it straight up and off. Be
careful not to scratch the assembly.
° Remove the metal Cross Brace from each end of the pallet.
° Using a 9/16" socket or wrench, remove the two wood top braces.
° Insert one Leveling Block (with Jack Screw screwed into it) into each of the four
openings of the tubular frame of the C-arm assembly.
° Place a Jack Screw Pad under each Jack Screw and screw down each Jack Screw until
they are snug to the floor.
° Using a 15/16" socket, screw the two Jack Screws, on one end, down a few turns. Then
do the same at the other end. Repeat this process so that the arm comes up evenly on all
four Jack Screws.
Note: Be careful to leave the tank centered on the base so its weight is evenly distributed.
° When C-arm is high enough, slide the pallet out from the side.
° Attach the casters directly to the tubular frame using the hardware and holes used to
attach the frame to the base.
Important: There are 3 holes on each side of the C-arm frame. Use the holes closest to each
end (i.e. do not use the middle holes). One screw is used for each caster mount.
Ensure that the caster mounts are placed in such a way that the wheels, on each
side, are as far apart as possible.
° Lower the Jack Screws until the C-arm is supported by the casters.
3.6 INSPECT FOR HIDDEN SHIPPING DAMAGE

Open all crates and boxes, and check for signs of hidden damage. Bring any damage discovered to the
attention of the customer's Shipping/Receiving department.
3.7 TAKE INVENTORY

Using the following check list, take inventory of the contents of all crates and boxes, and confirm that
all of the expected items have been received. Report any discrepancies to Hologic.
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Installation Inventory Check List

(Quantities are one (1) each unless otherwise specified)
Main QDR-1500 Assembly Black & White or Color Printer
C-Arm (Source/Detector) Assembly Printer Paper (B & W or Color)
Color Display Monitor Printer Manual
Knee (Block) Elevation Pad QDR-1500 Operator's Manual
Foot Restraint Computer Manual
Tabletop Pad System Power Cable
QDR Spine Phantom 5.25" Floppy Disks (2 boxes)
Monitor Power Cord Outlet strip with IEC-320 outlets.
Monitor Signal Cable Back panel slide enclosures.
Printer Power Cord Outriggers (2) for back of machine.
Printer Signal Cable Key (for enabling X-rays)
Computer Keyboard Console Signal Cable
Console Power Cable Miscellaneous Hardware Bag
3.8 WALK AND MEASURE PATH FROM DOCK TO DESTINATION

Contact the department receiving the unit, and request that a representative show you the room where
the unit is to be installed. As you make your way from the loading dock to the room, measure all
doorways and openings including any elevator on which you must travel. Look for other obstacles
(thresholds, steps, sharp corners, etc.) which could cause a problem during transport. If any hall or
doorway is less than 36" (92 cm) wide, the table top must be removed and the base unit tipped on its
back side; once tipped, it will fit through openings as small as 26" (66 cm) wide.
3.9 MOVE TO DESTINATION

At some installation sites, the doorways and openings along the way to the room are not wide enough
to allow the unit to be rolled directly there. Instead, the machine must be partly disassembled, have its
caster wheels transferred to the rear, and be tipped on edge for transport to its destination. If this is
the case, proceed with the instructions for tipping the unit. Otherwise, skip ahead to SET UP.
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TIPPING THE UNIT
° Remove and discard all packing material.
° Disconnect the table belt from both sides of the table top. Then, with your helper,
carefully slide the table top off the frame (to the right), taking care not to damage the
table top.
° Remove the front dress panel, being careful not to scratch the paint.
° Remove the top and bottom back panel rails (the rails that hold the sliding back panels).
° Using a 3/4" socket wrench, remove the two bolts holding each caster bar in place. Have
a helper remove each caster bar while one or two other able-bodied helpers and you lift
the end of the machine. Keep your knees bent and your back straight!
° Reinstall the caster bars, pointing upwards, on the rear edge of the black base. Use the
hardware removed in the previous step.
° With your helpers, slowly and carefully lift the front end of the unit until the machine
tips backwards onto the casters.
GO SLOWLY! THE UNIT MAY HAVE A TENDENCY TO ROLL!
SET UP
° Roll the machine to its destination. Bring the C-arm (Source/Detector) assembly as
well.
Warning: While transporting the C-arm, be careful to ensure that the arm stays in the middle
of the rails.
° If the unit had been previously tipped, slowly and carefully tilt the machine back to its
upright position with the assistance of your helpers. Remember the machine's tendency
to roll as it tips.
NOTE: Leave at least 60 inches (152 cm) behind the machine to allow for the C-arm
(Source/Detector) assembly to be moved into place for final assembly.
° Remove and set aside the caster bars and 1/2" hardware. These will be returned to
Hologic in the "miscellaneous supplies" box when the installation has been completed.
° Remove and set aside the monitor, knee block, "miscellaneous supplies" box, operator's
console, tabletop pad, foot restraint and any other boxes containing phantoms or other
special-order items.
° Locate the two outriggers in one of the supply boxes and fasten them to the rear of the
machine's frame with 1/2" hardware.
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° Remove the six screws securing the plastic tank (source) shroud in place, then carefully
remove it and put it aside.
BE SURE THE TWO OUTRIGGERS HAVE BEEN INSTALLED ON THE REAR

OF THE MACHINE'S FRAME BEFORE CONTINUING.
Note: Before installing the C-arm ensure that the base unit leveling feet are screwed in all the
way.
° Wheel the C-arm to the rear of the base unit. Start the front of the C-arm into the base
unit. Slide it in until it is partially supported, then remove the front casters.
° With the front casters off, slide the arm in place up to the back casters.
Note: Make sure the tank is all the way forward so that its weight is off the back casters.
° Remove the back casters. Slide the C-arm assembly in until the six bolt holes line up
with the clearance holes in the trough.
° Secure the C-arm assembly in place with the six 1/4-20 by 2-1/2" machine bolts.
° Remove the Control Panel Holder and install the Control Panel (use the screws
removed from the holder and lock nuts packaged with the arm).
° Set aside the casters, jack screws and other hardware used to install the C-arm. These
will be returned to Hologic in the "miscellaneous supplies" box when the installation has
been completed.
° Connect the cable-carrier and cables to the C-arm assembly.
Connector Cable No. Connector Cable No.

#1 TCS1 181-0016 #6 TCS6 181-0058
#2 TCS2 181-0009 #A TCSA 181-0008
#3 TCS3 181-0024 #B TCSB 181-0085
#5 TCS5 181-0036 #C TCSC 181-0015
See Section 2 for pin-out assignment
Figure 3-1 Transition Connector Panel (side of C-arm)
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° Bring the wires for the X-axis motor, limit switch and power up through the access hole
provided on the bottom of the trough. Connect the cable connectors with their
appropriate mates, then dress and secure them tightly to prevent them from becoming
entangled in the ballnut and leadscrew mechanisms.
° With your helpers, move the machine to the exact final position.
NOTE: Be sure to leave at least 38 inches (97 cm) behind the machine.
° Place a level on the X & Y-axis rails, and adjust the leveling feet until the unit is level
front-to-back and side-to-side. Use two open-end wrenches -- one 9/16", the other 5/8"
-- to adjust the leveling feet.
° If the table top had been removed to tip the unit, carefully replace it with the help of an
assistant. Then replace and reconnect the table top belt. Refer to the "Table Belt Path
Diagram" in section 7 for details on how to route the table belt.
° Locate the computer stand and follow the instructions provided to assemble it.
° Place the computer, printer, keyboard and monitor on the assembled stand. Load the
printer with paper.
° Attach all the computer cables (monitor, keyboard, printer, power, etc) and the cable
from the computer to the distribution panel.
° Replace the plastic tank shroud (cover) and secure with six screws.
° Locate the back cover slide assembly parts and install on the rear of the unit.
° Take the six black hole plugs from the "miscellaneous hardware" bag, and install them in
the six bolt holes on the front edge of the black base.
° Remove any remaining contents from the "miscellaneous supplies" box, and place the
caster bars, casters, jack screws and other installation hardware inside. Seal the box,
apply the Return-To-Hologic label, and arrange with the hospital's Shipping/Receiving
department to have it picked up for return (collect) to Hologic.
3.10 CHECK POWER LINE VOLTAGE

Hologic strongly recommends that the QDR-1500 be powered from a dedicated power line. See the
product specifications in Section 1 for power requirements.
MEASURE LINE VOLTAGE
With an AC voltmeter, measure the voltage at the outlet the unit will be plugged into. The
measured voltage must be within + 10% of the voltage shown on the power label (located
where the power cord attaches to the unit). The QDR-1500 has a built-in step up/down
isolation transformer which can be re-strapped to accommodate other voltages if necessary.
See Figure 3-2 for the most common configurations of the isolation transformer.
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Figure 3-2 Isolation Transformer
NOTE: There are two standards for conductor color coding. The North American
standard specifies the BLACK conductor as LINE and the WHITE as NEUTRAL,
while the International standard defines the BROWN conductor as LINE and the BLUE
as NEUTRAL.
MEASURE ISOLATION TRANSFORMER SECONDARY VOLTAGE
With an AC voltmeter, measure the voltage at one of the accessory outlets located on the side of the
unit. NOTE: Do not try to measure the voltage at the "AUXILIARY X-RAY ON" outlet, as this outlet
is only energized when X-rays are on. The voltage should be between 110 VAC and 130 VAC. If the
voltage is out of this range, recheck the voltage at the wall outlet, and the strapping of the isolation
transformer as shown in Figure 3-2.
3.11 CHECK FILTER WHEEL PHASING

The angular position (phasing) of the filter wheel, relative to the X-ray pulses, is crucial to proper
operation of the QDR-1500, because all computations are predicated on the assumption that a known
filter wheel segment (bone, tissue or air) is in the X-ray beam path during any given measurement.
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To determine the position of the filter wheel relative to the AC line, a Hall effect sensor (pickoff) is
used. A synchronous motor keeps the filter wheel rotating in sync with the AC line. Knowing that
the X-ray controller generates X-ray pulses synchronous to the AC line, one can time the filter wheel
relative to the X-ray pulses by monitoring the filter wheel pickoff and the AC line.
On the QDR-1500 there are two methods for checking and/or adjusting the filter wheel pickoff
timing. One utilizes an oscilloscope; the other relies on visually monitoring an LED on the Motor &
Drive (M & D) PC board.
CAUTION: Be very careful to keep hands, hair, jewelry and loose clothing away from moving parts
of the filter wheel and belt.
For complete details on checking the filter wheel phasing, please refer to Section 4.
3.12 CHECK TUBE KV PEAK POTENTIAL

Proper operation of the QDR-1500 requires that the X-ray tube generate alternating X-ray pulses of
70kVp and 140kVp, both +5%. The peak potential check must be performed at installation time and
whenever the X-ray source or X-ray controller is repaired or replaced. Because it would be very
dangerous to directly monitor the kVp potentials, a 10,000 to 1 voltage divider circuit is utilized
inside the High Voltage Power Supply/Source (HVPS/S). By monitoring this divided voltage, one can
determine the peak potentials being impressed on the X-ray tube. The monitoring can either be done
on the barrier strip on top of the X-ray source (pins 7 and 8) or on the X-ray controller (TP1 and
TP2).
CAUTION: Even though the test voltage is low, there are elevated voltages near and around the test
points.
For complete details on checking the tube kVp potential, please refer to Section 4.
3.13 CHECK TUBE CURRENT

For both safety and operational reliability reasons, the tube current must be checked at installation
time or whenever the X-ray source or X-ray controller is repaired or replaced. The current is
monitored by measuring the voltage drop across a resistor inside the High Voltage Power
Supply/Source (HVPS/S). Because of the design of the HVPS/S, the current signal is only a
representation of the current during the low (70kVp) X-ray pulse. This signal is also used by the X-
ray controller as feedback to control the filament on the X-ray tube.
CAUTION: Even though the test voltage is low, there are elevated voltages near and around the test
points.
For complete details on checking the tube current amplitude, please refer to Section 4.
3.14 CHECK X-RAY BEAM ALIGNMENT
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It is crucial that the X-ray beam be precisely aligned with the detector, as improper alignment will
directly affect the repeatability (coefficient of variability, or CV) of the QDR-1500. It is therefore
imperative that this check be performed at installation time or whenever any work is performed which
may affect the alignment.
WARNING: X-rays are being generated during this procedure. Keep hands, head and other body
parts out of beam.
For complete details on performing this test, please refer to Section 4.
3.15 CHECK HVPS/S (TANK) FOR RADIATION LEAKAGE

For regulatory and safety reasons, the High Voltage Power Supply/Source (HVPS/S) must be checked
for radiation leakage at installation time or whenever the HVPS/S is replaced. Performing this
procedure requires checking the entire surface (excluding the X-ray aperture) of the HVPS/S with a
radiation survey meter.
NOTE: This reading must be < 0.5mR/h. Record the highest reading in the service report
For complete details on checking the HVPS/S for radiation leakage, please refer to Section 4.
3.16 CHECK LASER POSITIONING OFFSET & COPPER FOIL

Using SURVEY2, index the Geneva wheel to collimator #1, then verify that the laser shines 7/8"
(2.22 cm) perpendicular to the collimator hole #1.
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Figure 3-3 Laser Offset Dimension
Adjustment to the Laser offset may be made by loosening or tightening the four mounting screws
which secure and align the final mirror located in the center of the C-arm, directly above the Geneva
wheel collimator. The mirror is mounted on a rubber pad to allow for complete freedom of
adjustment.
NOTE: Verify that the #4 and #9 collimator holes have a small peace of copper foil over their
respective openings. Report any omissions to Hologic Technical Support.
3.17 FINISH REASSEMBLING UNIT

At this point, take the time to replace any covers or enclosures that may not have been reassembled
previously. Check that all of the machine's safety features (ground wires, limit switches, emergency
stop, etc.) are in place and working properly. Finally, clean up the machine and remove any unwanted
packing materials from the room.
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3.18 RUN PMT DETECTOR BIAS VOLTAGE

There are a total of 16 possible collimator positions available on the QDR-1500, each with a
different size and shape. (NOTE: The current release of the QDR-1500 only utilizes 4 positions.)
Because the amount of X-ray flux coming through each collimator will vary with the collimator size,
the detector bias voltage (which controls the detector gain) must be adjusted for each position. The
QDR-1500 has the capability to change this bias voltage through the use of a Digital to Analog (D/A)
converter in the PMT High Voltage Programmer. Each digital number (in the range of 0-255) sent to
the D/A converter corresponds to approximately -3.5 Volts to the detectors. A digital number of 100
sent to the D/A, therefore, would correspond to -350 Volts at the detectors.
A file called PMTVOLTS.TXT, located in the root directory on drive C, keeps track of the digital
voltage levels required for each collimator position. This file can be updated by running a utility
program called PMTVOLTS.EXE from the DOS command line. This program should be run at
installation time and whenever the X-ray source, X-ray controller or detector is repaired or replaced.
VERSION 1.00
collimator first last high air voltage (X 4)
1 1 1 0 120 ; pencil beam AP - normal spine/hip
2 0 0 0 95 ; 2mm lateral slit
3 0 0 0 105 ; 1mm lateral slit
4 0 0 0 105 ; narrow whole body
5 1 1 0 145 ; small pencil beam AP - small animal
6 0 0 0 95 ; long 2mm slit
7 0 0 0 95 ; short 2mm slit
8 0 0 0 105 ; long 1mm slit
9 1 1 0 95 ; normal whole body
10 0 0 0 115 ; long 1/2mm slit
11 1 1 0 105 ; large pencil beam AP - performance
12 0 0 0 100 ;
13 0 0 0 100 ;
14 0 0 0 100 ;
15 0 0 0 100 ;
16 0 0 0 100 ;
Figure 3-4 Sample PMTVOLTS.TXT File
To run PMTVOLTS, simply exit from the QDR software (press <Alt> <F1>) and type:
PMTVOLTS <Enter>
The program will respond with the message "Please make sure the table is clear except for the
mat". Press the <Enter> key to start the automatic PMT voltage determination program. The program
will sequence through all the collimator positions and adjust the PMT High Voltage Programmer
until the voltage output from the detector(s) is approximately 7.5 Volts.
The PMTVOLTS program should be run with the plastic tank shroud (cover), table top and table mat
in place.
To determine the approximate DC voltage supplied to the PMT's by the PMT HV power supply,
multiply the numbers in the voltage column by 4.
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3.19 RUN BACKLASH UTILITY PROGRAM

The phenomenon known as "backlash", which manifests itself as frayed or ragged edges in the bone
image, results from a loose coupling between the scan motors and the mechanical parts of the
carriages. Simply put, the carriages don't move instantly when commanded to do so. This causes the
acquisition of data on adjacent scan lines to be slightly misaligned in respect to one another. The
resulting registration error causes the edge of the bone image to appear frayed. The degree of
backlash, or hysteresis, will vary from machine to machine.
Figure 3-5 "Backlash" Phenomenon
To correct for backlash, the utility program BACK2 must be run. The BACK2 program calculates the
amount of backlash and stores a backlash compensation value for each scan axis (X and Y) in the file
SCONFIG.TXT. To perform backlash compensation, proceed as follows:
° Exit from the QDR software by simultaneously pressing <Alt> <F1>.
° Place a penny (or some other small round metal item) on the table top and move the arm
until the laser spot is centered on it.
° At the DOS prompt type:
BACK2 <Enter>
then follow the instructions on the monitor screen.
At the conclusion of the test, new X-axis and Y-axis compensation values will be written to the
SCONFIG.TXT file. These values are stored in the form of "x_compensation:nn" and
"y_compensation:nn". The "nn" variable will contain the number of motor steps required to
compensate for the backlash.
Typically these backlash compensation values should be below 50 motor steps. If any of them exceed
50, there is a possibility of something being loose or broken in the appropriate scan mechanism.
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3.20 MEASURE X-RAY DOSE TO PATIENT

A radiation dose measurement must be performed at installation time, and should be done routinely
whenever the machine is worked on. This test requires the use of a dosimetry radiation meter with an
ion chamber that can be scanned using the machine's scan protocols.
The dose measurements must be done with the machine fully assembled and the table mat in place.
The typical dose measurements are as follows for listed scan modes:
° Whole body scan dose should be approximately 1 mR + 0.5 mR
° Performance spine scan dose should be approximately 5 mR + 1 mR
Record the highest reading in the service report.
For complete details on performing the dose measurement tests, please refer to Section 4.
3.21 MEASURE X-RAY SCATTER FROM PHANTOM

A radiation scatter measurement must be performed at installation time. The test requires the use of
a survey type radiation meter with a Geiger tube.
This reading must be < 0.5mR/h at 2 meters. Record the highest reading in the service report.
For complete details on performing this test, please refer to Section 4.
3.22 CALIBRATE MACHINE

At this point the machine should be fully functional and have been checked for full safety compliance.
The machine's calibration must now be verified utilizing the spine phantom. The pencil beam
calibration factors in ENVIRON.BAT will be modified if re-calibration of the unit is required.
Proceed to the "Field Calibration\Verification Procedure" in Section 4, if the QDR-1500 is the only
QDR at the site, and it will not be replacing an existing QDR-1000 or QDR-1000/W.
Proceed to the "Cross-Calibration Procedure" in Section 4, if the QDR-1500 is going to replace an

existing QDR at the same site, or if an older spine phantom (one shipped with a QDR model 1000 or
1000/W) is to be used for pencil beam calibration and verification.
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Sample ENVIRON.BAT (Environment/Calibration) File

ENVIRON.BAT Variables Set by; Descriptions
SET MODEL=QDR-1500 S/N Factory QDR model and serial number.
2104
SET INSTITUTION=Hologic Fact. or F.S. Name of institution where unit is to be installed.
SET ACF=1.0109 Fact. or F.S. Area Correction Factor for pencil beam scans.
SET BCF=1.0450 Fact. or F.S. Bone Correction Factor for pencil beam scans.
SET Q1=0.618,0.641 Factory Thin,
SET Q2=1.029,1.010 Factory Medium, and
SET Q3=1.623,1.480 Factory Thick pencil beam calibration constants used to compensate for non-
linear X-ray hardening effects of bone.
The first set of numbers are the true densities of three (thin, medium,
and thick) bone equivalent blocks, while the second set of numbers are
the measured densities.
QDRPARM - Allocates 1K of memory to be used as a holding place for information
which all Hologic programs can share.
Initializes the memory set aside by QDRPARM with the appropriate
\FLANGENG\SETQPRM - language values specified by the directory name \FLANG???\. The
current options are "ENG" for English, "FRN" for French, and "DEU"
for German.
COMMAND /C PATINIT /E:512 - Checks for the presence of a patient database and asks if one should
be initialized if none is found.
COMMAND /C QCINIT /E:512 - Checks for the presence of a QC database and asks if one should be
initialized if none is found.
MAINMENU - Executes the QDR main software menu program.
3.23 TEST ALL FUNCTIONS OF THE MACHINE

Once the machine has been fully assembled and calibrated, you should perform at least one scan in
each of the scan modes to verify that machine is fully functional in all modes of operation. Verify
that there are no electrical or mechanical problems during each scan mode.
SPINE SCANS: Perform a fast spine scan, and a performance spine scan.
HIP SCANS: Perform a fast left hip scan, and a performance right hip scan.
WHOLE BODY SCANS: Perform at least one complete whole body scan.
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Section 4 - Test and Alignment Procedures
4.0 TEST AND ALIGNMENT PROCEDURES
4.1 FILTER WHEEL PHASING PROCEDURE

This section describes how to check and/or correct the timing of the filter wheel's angular position
with respect to the AC line. One of two methods can be used to accomplishing this. The first relies
on visually monitoring an LED on the M&D board, while the second utilizes an oscilloscope to
monitor test points on the M&D board.
Using The LED:
° Begin by pressing the Emergency STOP button to stop the filter wheel motor.
° Next remove the HVPS/S (tank) shroud to gain access to the filter wheel motor. Then
place a mark on the edge of the inner circle (unless there is one already there) to use as
a timing mark.
Figure 4-1 Filter Motor, Timing Marks
° Using a 7/16" socket driver, loosen the four outer bolts on the filter motor assembly to
allow it to spin in its mount. (NOTE: Loosen only the four outer bolts, not the inner
four.)
Figure 4-2 Filter Motor, Side View
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° While visually monitoring the green LED on the Motor & Drive (M&D) board, rotate
the filter wheel motor until the LED just begins to blink. Place a mark on the outer
circle opposite the one on the inner circle. This will be the first reference mark as
shown in Figure A-1.
Figure 4-3 LED and Test Points on Motor & Drive PCB
° Now continue turning the filter wheel motor until the LED stops blinking. Again place a
mark on the outer circle opposite the timing mark on the inner circle. This will be the
second reference mark.
° Finally, rotate the filter wheel motor until the timing mark on the inner circle is exactly
centered between the two reference marks on the outer circle. At this point the filter
wheel is properly timed. Re-tighten the four outer bolts, check the belt tension and
replace the HVPS/S (tank) shroud.
Using The Oscilloscope:
° Begin by moving the table top all the way to the right (as viewed from the front). Then
remove the top access panel over the computer to gain access to the Motor & Drive (M
& D) board.
° Set up the oscilloscope as follows:
Trigger = Auto
Sec/Div = 0.2 mS
Vertical Mode = Both and Chop
A Source Trigger = Internal, Channel 2, Negative Slope
° Set both probe channel AC/GND/DC switches to GND. Set the channel 2 trace to the
screen center line, and the channel 1 trace to one major division below the screen center
line, then switch both probes to DC.
° Locate the three test points near JP8 on the Motor & Drive (M & D) board and connect
the oscilloscope probes as shown in Figure A-3.
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Channel 1 probe to TP1 (SYNC)

Channel 2 probe to TP2 (PICK)
Probe ground leads to TP3 (GND)
° If the timing and phasing is correct, the oscilloscope should show the following:
Figure 4-4 PICK and SYNC Pulses
° Channel 1 should be displaying a positive-going pulse, 4-5 volts in amplitude, while

channel 2 should be displaying a negative-going pulse, 4-5 volts in amplitude and 0.5-1
mS in duration. Adjust the scope trigger level so that both signals appear stable.
° Note where the channel 1 (SYNC) signal crosses the scope's horizontal center line. It
should cross at the middle of the channel 2 (pick) pulse.
NOTE: Channel 1 (SYNC) pulse can either be a positive (as shown in the above figure)
or negative-going pulse. The important thing is the time at which the transition of the
SYNC pulse occurs relative to the PICK pulse.
° If the transition pulse on channel 1 (SYNC) is off-center on the pickoff (PICK) pulse,
use a 7/16" socket drive to loosen the four outer bolts (not the inner four) on the filter
motor assembly, and rotate the motor until the transition appears centered within the
pulse as shown in Figure 4-4.
° Finally, tighten all screws and check the belt tension. Stop and restart the motor
several times to verify that the phasing remains correct.
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4.2 TUBE KV PEAK POTENTIAL CHECK

This procedure describes how to test the HVPS/Source (Tank) for correct tube peak voltage potential.
This test can be performed on the terminal strip on top of the HVPS/Source or on the X-ray
controller.
° If testing is to be done on the top of the HVPS/Source, begin by moving the C-arm all the
way to its back limit, then remove the HVPS/Source (Tank) shroud to gain access to the
terminal strip. If testing is to be done on the X-ray controller board, remove the plastic
cover from the rear of the C-arm and then remove the metal cover over the X-ray controller
board.
° Press in the red Emergency STOP button to remove power from the X-ray controller board
and HVPS/Source.
Trigger = Auto
Sec/Div = 2 mS
° Locate either the terminal strip on top of the HVPS/Source or J2 on the X-ray controller and
connect the oscilloscope probes as follows:
Test points on top of HVPS/Source

Channel 1 probe to Terminal Point #8
Probe ground leads to Ground Stud by Terminal Strip
Figure 4-5 kVp Test points on HVPS/Source
Test points on the X-ray Controller Board
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Channel 1 probe to TP2 on X-ray Controller Board

Channel 2 probe to TP1 on X-ray Controller Board
Probe ground leads to Ground Stud
Figure 4-6 kVp Test points on X-ray Controller Board
° Set both channel AC/GND/DC switches to GND, set the traces on the bottom line of the
screen, then switch both probes to DC.
° Pull the red Emergency STOP button out, restoring power to the X-ray controller board and
HVPS/Source.
CAUTION: Be very careful to keep hands, hair, jewelry and loose clothing away from
moving parts of the filter wheel and belts.
° Using the SURVEY2 program, turn on X-rays via the <F1> function key. (NOTE: If the X-
rays turn off after a few seconds, it may be because the filter wheel motor has not been
phased or the incrementing counters have not been reset to zero. See Section 5.4 for
instructions on using the SURVEY2 program.)
CAUTION: Keep hands, head and other body parts out of X-ray beam path.
° Observe the oscilloscope and adjust the trigger level control for a stable display.
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Figure 4-7 Tube kV Peak Potential
° There should be two small positive pulses that appear and grow larger after about six
seconds. (This six second period is known as WARM-UP.)
° Verify that the pulse amplitudes are 14V + 0.2V (6.9-7.1 divisions) and 7V + 0.2V (3.4-3.6
divisions). If either pulse is outside of these limits, adjust the appropriate X-ray controller
board resistor as described in Section 4.
° Momentarily press the TRIGGER VIEW button, and verify that the larger pulse is occurring
during the positive half cycle of the power line. (If it appears during the negative half cycle,
abort the test and power the machine down by switching CB1 off. Interchange the wires
connected to the HVPS/Source terminal strip pins #1 and #2. Throw CB1 back on, repeat
the above steps, then press TRIGGER VIEW to verify that the large pulse now occurs during
the positive line half cycle.
4.3 TUBE CURRENT CHECK

This procedure describes how to test the HVPS/Source (Tank) for correct tube current. This test can
be performed on the terminal strip on top of the HVPS/Source or on the X-ray controller.
° If testing is to be done on the top of the HVPS/Source, begin by moving the C-arm all the
way to its back limit, then remove the HVPS/Source (Tank) shroud to gain access to the
terminal strip. If testing is to be done on the X-ray controller board, you will have to remove
the plastic cover from the read of the C-arm and then remove the metal cover over the X-ray
controller board.
° Press in the red Emergency STOP button to remove power from the X-ray controller board
and HVPS/Source.
Trigger = Auto
Sec/Div = 2 mS
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° Locate either the terminal strip on top of the HVPS/Source or J2 on the X-ray controller and
connect the oscilloscope probes as follows:
Test points on top of HVPS/Source

Probe ground leads to Ground Stud by Terminal Strip
Figure 4-8 Tube Current Test points on HVPS/Source
Test points on the X-ray Controller Board

Channel 1 probe to J2 pin 6 on X-ray Controller Board
Channel 2 probe to J2 pin 3 on X-ray Controller Board
Probe ground leads to Ground Stud
Figure 4-9 Tube Current Test points on X-ray Controller Board
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° Set both channel AC/GND/DC switches to GND, set the traces on the bottom line of the
screen, then switch both probes to DC.
° Pull the red Emergency STOP button out, restoring power to the X-ray controller board and
HVPS/Source.
CAUTION: Be very careful to keep hands, hair, jewelry and loose clothing away from
moving parts of the filter wheel and belts.
° Using the SURVEY2 program, turn on X-rays via the <F1> function key. (NOTE: If the X-
rays turn off after a few seconds, it may be because the filter wheel motor has not been
phased or the incrementing counters have not been reset to zero. See Section 5.4 for
instructions on using the SURVEY2 program.)
CAUTION: Keep hands, head and other body parts out of X-ray beam path.
° Observe the oscilloscope and adjust the trigger level control for a stable display.
Figure 4-10 Tube Current Peak Potential
° There should be a single pulse, 6-8 mS (3-4 divisions) every 16.6 mS (8.3 divisions). The
pulse amplitude should be 9.6V - 10.4V, corresponding to a peak tube current of 2.91 mA -
3.15 mA. If the tube current is outside these limits, the X-ray controller board or the
HVPS/Source must be replaced.
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4.4 X-RAY BEAM ALIGNMENT CHECK

This procedure describes how to check the alignment of the X-ray beam from the tank into the
detectors.
° Move the scan arm to the center of the table and clear the table of any items which may
obstruct the X-ray beam path.
° Exit the QDR software by simultaneously depressing <Alt> <F1>.
° From the MENU directory, type SURVEY2 and press <Enter>.
Verify that the three incrementing counters displayed by SURVEY2 (Pickoff Out of Phase,
No Filter Wheel Pickoff, and Hi-Lo Out of Sequence), are not incrementing and are set to
zero. If they are not set to zero, correct the problem and restart SURVEY2.
Trigger = Auto
Sec/Div = 5 mS
Vertical Mode = Channel 1
A Source Trigger = Line, Channel 1, Negative Slope
° Connect the Channel 1 probe to test point 8 on the ADC board.
° Connect the probe ground.
° Set the channel 1 AC/GND/DC switch to GND, set the trace on the bottom line of the
screen, then switch the probe to DC.
° Using SURVEY2, select collimator #9, set gains to flat (press <F3>), and set the PMT
voltage to 80.
° Turn on the X-ray beam by pressing <F1>. (Pressing <F2> will turn it off.) Adjust the
trigger level control until a stable display appears.
There should be two square pulses (on opposite ends of the trace) and equal in amplitude.
° Slightly flex the arm (forwards, back, left, right) and observe the scope. If the collimator and
C-arm positions have been properly adjusted, the signal amplitude should only decrease,
regardless of the direction in which the arm is flexed. If this is not the case, realignment is
required.
° If realignment is necessary, turn off the X-rays (press <F2>) and make the necessary
adjustments to the collimator assembly.
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4.5 CHECKING THE HVPS/SOURCE FOR RADIATION LEAKAGE

This procedure describes how to check for scatter radiation around the HVPS/Source assembly.
1) Move the arm as far back as possible.
2) Escape to DOS by pressing <Alt> and <F1>, and at the DOS prompt type SURVEY2
<Enter>. Turn the X-ray beam on by pressing <F1>. (<F2> will turn it off.).
WARNING: Remove your hand before turning the beam on, and turn the beam off before
reaching in to move the detector.
3) Sweep the Geiger counter probe across all surfaces of the HVPS/Source, being careful not
to enter the direct beam above the collimator.
4) Record the highest reading observed. It should be less than 0.5 mR/hour.
5) Turn the X-ray beam off by pressing <F2>.
4.6 CHECKING FOR SCATTER RADIATION AND PATIENT DOSE

This procedure describes how to check for scatter radiation around the completely assembled
machine, and how to measure the patient entrance dose.
Measuring Scatter
1) Install all panels and closures. Put the tabletop pad in place.
2) If monitor is displaying the Main Menu, proceed to step 3. If not, escape to the DOS
prompt, type MAINMENU, and press <Enter>.
3) Position a spine phantom in the center of the table and initiate a pencil beam spine scan.
WARNING: Remove your hand before turning the beam on, and turn the beam off before
reaching in to move the detector.
4) Place the Geiger counter probe just above the front edge of the tabletop, and slowly sweep it
left and right of the phantom. Record the highest observed reading, which should not exceed
0.5 mR/hour.
Measuring the Patient Entrance Dose
5) Place an ion chamber radiation meter in the center of the tabletop, positioned so that the
entire chamber will be scanned by the beam. Turn the meter on, set it to INTEGRATE and
reset it to zero.
6) Scan the meter using the pencil beam spine scan mode. Verify that the entire chamber has
been scanned (i.e., that the entire chamber is visible in the scan image). Record the meter
reading, which should be greater than 2.0 mR but should not exceed 5.0 mR.
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4.8 ADJUSTING X-RAY PULSE ENERGIES

This procedure describes how to adjust the X-ray pulse energies to 70 +2 and 140 +2kVp. For a
given applied input voltage, the unit-to-unit variation in pulse energies produced by different
HVPS/Source assemblies is extremely small. But differences between X-ray controller boards are
large, and two resistors on each board -- R52 and R53 -- must be hand-selected to produce the
desired X-ray pulse energies. Since this selection is normally done at the factory, the following
procedure will be needed only if an X-ray controller board is repaired in the field (rather than
replaced).
1) Press in either red STOP button to remove power from the X-ray controller board.
2) Remove the screws holding the X-ray controller board in place and pull it partially out.
3a) To adjust the 14kVp pulse, cut out R52, leaving most of the leads in the board. Measure the
value of the removed resistor, set a resistor decade box to the measured value, and check the
setting with the ohmmeter. Connect the decade box across the stubs of R52's leads on the
board.
3b) To adjust the 7kVp pulse, cut out R53, leaving most of the leads in the board. Measure the
value of the removed resistor, set a resistor decade box to the measured value, and check the
setting with the ohmmeter. Connect the decade box across the stubs of R53's leads on the
board.
CAUTION: A GROSSLY INCORRECT VALUE CAN CAUSE PERMANENT DAMAGE

CAUTION
TO HVPS/SOURCE ASSEMBLY!!!
4) Set up the oscilloscope as follows:
Trigger = Auto
Sec/Div = 2 mS
Channel 1 Volts/Div = 2V (variable gain knob in CALIBRATED position)
Channel 2 Volts/Div = 2V (variable gain knob in CALIBRATED position)
5) Connect the channel 1 probe to TP2 on the X-ray controller board.
6) Connect the channel 2 probe to TP1 on the X-ray controller board.
7) Set both channel AC/GND/DC switches to GND, set both traces precisely on the bottom
line of the screen, then switch both probes to DC.
8) Pull the red STOP button back out to restore power to the X-ray controller board.
9) Using SURVEY2, use <F1> to turn on the X-ray beam.
WARNING: Keep hands, head and other body parts out of X-ray beam.
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10) Adjust the oscilloscope's trigger level control until the display is stable.
CAUTION. DO NOT CHANGE THE DECADE BOX SETTING WHILE THE BEAM IS
CAUTION ON. USE <F2> TO TURN THE X-RAY BEAM OFF BEFORE CHANGING THE
RESISTANCE, THEN USE <F1> TO TURN THE BEAM BACK ON.
11a) If the 14kVp pulse is being adjusted, increase/decrease the resistance of the decade box
substituting for R52 until the pulse amplitude is 14V + 0.2V (6.9-7.1 divisions).
11b) If the 7kVp pulse is being adjusted, increase/decrease the resistance of the decade box
substituting for R53 until the pulse amplitude is 7V + 0.2V (3.4-3.6 divisions).
12) When the proper value of R52 and/or R53 has been determined, press in either red STOP
button to remove power from the X-ray controller board.
13) Disconnect the decade box(es), remove the board completely from its slides, and unplug all
cables.
14) Solder in a fixed resistor of the correct value (as determined in step 11). Remove soldering
flux with alcohol before replacing the board.
15) Replace the cables, slide the board into place and power up by pulling out the red STOP
switch.
16) Verify that the pulse amplitude is correct before installing the screws which hold the board
in place.
4.9 FIELD CALIBRATION/VERIFICATION PROCEDURE

This procedure describes how to check the calibration of a QDR-1500 in the field and, if necessary,
how to adjust its calibration constants.
CHECKING THE BONE MINERAL CONTENT (BMC) CALIBRATION
(Note: skip steps 1 and 2 on initial installation)
1) Consult with the system operator, and determine the exact method (window dimensions,
etc.) normally used to analyze phantom scans. (This may also be determined by selecting a
previously-analyzed phantom scan.)
2) From the Main Menu, select the QC option, and plot and print out the BMC file. If there is
any sign of drift, consult with the physician in charge to determine the expected value.
NOTE: Do not proceed with step 3 unless power has been on for at least 60 minutes, and the
detector has warmed up and stabilized.
3) Using the spine phantom shipped with the machine, run 20 scans as described below. (On
Performance Series machines, choose Performance Spine scans.) In place of the patient
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name, enter "Spine Phantom #___". Press <ALT> <F1> to escape to DOS, then at the
[C:\MENU] prompt type
AUTOSCAN -TP -N20 and <ENTER> for English units or
AUTOSCAN -TP -N20 -L15 -W12 and <ENTER> for metric units
4) When the scans are completed and the DOS prompt appears, type MAINMENU and press
<ENTER>. Following the default protocol (or, for existing installations, the protocol
determined in step 1), analyze the 20 scans.
5) Using a calculator or AVRSCAN, find the coefficient of variation (CV) and mean of the 20
scan BMCs. If the CV exceeds 0.5% (0.005), check the filter wheel phasing and the X-ray
beam alignment (as described in Section 4). Repeat steps 3-5 before proceeding.
6) Compute 0.5% of the 20-scan mean = (20-scan mean BMC) x (0.005).
7) Verify that the 20-scan mean BMC is within + 0.5% of the BMC value on the phantom label.
If it is, skip to step 14.
If it is not, check and adjust the filter wheel phasing and the X-ray beam alignment (as
described in Section 4), then repeat steps 3-7. If the mean BMC of these new scans is still
not within +0.5% of the phantom label value, adjust the Bone Correction Factor (BCF) as
described below.
CHANGING THE BMC CALIBRATION, IF REQUIRED, BY CHANGING

THE BONE CORRECTION FACTOR (BCF)
8) Note the system's (current BCF). The BCF is listed on every scan.
9) Compute (uncorrected BMC) = (20-scan mean BMC) / (current BCF)
10) Compute (new BCF) = (BMC on phantom label) / (uncorrected BMC)
11) From the [C:\MENU] DOS prompt, use EDLIN to enter the (new BCF) value into the
ENVIRON.BAT file.
12) Reboot the computer (press <ALT> <CONTROL> <DELETE>) to make the new value of
BCF take effect.
13) Repeat steps 3-7 above, but using only 10 scans. Verify that the 10-scan mean BMC is now
within + 0.5% of the BMC value on the phantom label.
CHECKING THE BONE MINERAL DENSITY (BMD) CALIBRATION
14) Compare the mean BMD of the 20 scans made in step 3 (or the 10 made in step 13) to the
mean BMD of the 20 scans entered into the QC database at the factory. The two should
agree to within +0.5% of the QC database mean value. If they do, proceed to step 20. If not,
adjust the Area Correction Factor (ACF) as described below.
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CHANGING THE BMD CALIBRATION, IF REQUIRED, BY CHANGING

THE AREA CORRECTION FACTOR (ACF)
15) Note the system's (current ACF). The ACF is listed on every scan.
16) Compute the (new ACF), which is given by
(new ACF) = (current ACF) * (mean BMD of 20 scans from step 3 [or 10 from step 13] ) /
(mean BMD of 20 factory scans)
17) From the [C:\MENU] DOS prompt, use EDLIN to enter the (new ACF) value into the
ENVIRON.BAT file.
18) Reboot the computer (press <ALT> <CONTROL> <DELETE>) to make the new value of
ACF take effect.
19) Run 10 new scans, then repeat step 14, comparing the mean BMD of the 10 new scans to the
mean BMD of the 20 factory scans.
20) Send a copy of all calibration scans and a printout of the ENVIRON.BAT and CONFIG.SYS
files to Hologic's Field Service department for the Company's Master Device Record files.
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Section 5 - Preventive Maintenance
5.0 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
5.1 CUSTOMER PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

In the QDR-1500 Operator's manual, Hologic advises the customer to run a daily scan of the
spine phantom supplied with the QDR-1500, add that scan to the QC database, and to apprise
Hologic Field Service if the CV of the database exceeds 0.5%.
The customer is further advised to perform a weekly backup of the patient database
(dbArchive) and a monthly backup of the QC database (QC archive).
No other regular maintenance activity by the customer is recommended or required.
5.2 FIELD SERVICE PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

Hologic strongly recommends that the following procedures be performed by trained
service personnel at least once per year, and preferably at six-month intervals:
° Copy the AUTOEXEC.BAT, CONFIG.SYS, SCONFIG.TXT and ENVIRON.BAT

files.
° Scan and analyze the spine phantom, and examine report for abnormalities.
° Check filter wheel timing as described in Section 4.
° Check beam alignment as described in Section 4.
° Run the QDR utility "CHKDSK" from the DOS [C:\MENU] prompt.
° Run 20 spine scans and check calibration.
° Measure scatter, leakage and patient dose as described in Section 4.
° Verify, during a scan, that pressing in the red emergency STOP switch or turning the
X-RAY ENABLE key-switch to OFF immediately stops all carriage motion and
causes X-ray production (as monitored by a Geiger counter) to cease immediately.
5.3 EXTENDED PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

Hologic further recommends that the following maintenance be performed by trained
service personnel at least once per year, and preferably at six-month intervals:
° Run the Norton Utilities program "DISK DOCTOR" to test the computer's hard disk
for bad sections.
° Run the Norton Utilities program "SPEED DISK" to un-fragment and condense the
files on the computer's hard disk.
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° Check X-ray tube voltages and current as described in Section 4.
° Check output voltages of all low-voltage power supplies.
° Verify that laser spot shines 7/8" (2.2 cm) perpendicular to the collimator #1 hole.
° Clean cabinet interior.
° Clean fan filters, paying special attention to computer fan filter.
° Replace computer CMOS memory battery.
° Clean leadscrews, wipe with cloth moistened with machine oil.
° Clean rails, wipe with cloth moistened with machine oil.
° Inject white grease into grease fittings on rail sliders.
° Clean and re lubricate rear closure panel tracks.
° Clean all exterior metal surfaces.
° Clean monitor screen, keyboard and printer.
5.4 SERVICE NOTES

SERVICE PHILOSOPHY
The QDR-1500 was designed to be serviced to the Field Replaceable Unit (FRU) level.
RETURNED MATERIAL AUTHORIZATIONS
All defective and suspected boards and subassemblies should be returned to Hologic, Inc. for
replacement or repair. A Returned Material Authorization (RMA) number (issued by
Hologic Field Service) must be marked on the outside of any carton containing returned
defective or suspect boards or subassemblies. Goods arriving at Hologic without an RMA
number will not be accepted, and will be returned unopened to the sender.
COMPONENT SUBSTITUTIONS
The QDR-1500 is a certified diagnostic X-ray system, and because the use of substitute
components could adversely affect measurement accuracy, system performance or system
safety, no component substitutions of any kind are permitted without the express written
consent of Hologic, Inc. Such substitutions, if made, may void the product warranty and
cause Hologic to refuse to support the equipment. They may also constitute a violation of
law.
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Section 5 - Preventive Maintenance
SOFTWARE MODIFICATION OR SUBSTITUTIONS
The QDR-1500 is a certified diagnostic X-ray system. Therefore, no additions or

modifications to the disk operating system or any part of its system, option or utility
software may be made without the express written consent of Hologic Inc. Such additions or
modifications may constitute a violation of law, and could adversely affect measurement
accuracy, system performance or system safety. If made, they may void the product
warranty and cause Hologic to refuse to support the equipment.
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Section 6 - Problem Isolation
6.0 PROBLEM ISOLATION
6.1 PROBLEM LOCALIZATION

Tabulated below are the symptoms and possible causes of the problems most commonly
encountered with the QDR-1500, along with recommended actions if those problems are found
to be present. They are divided into six broad categories (Imaging/X-ray Generation, Precision,
Motion, Noise, Data Storage & Retrieval and Miscellaneous). Possible causes are listed in order
of decreasing probability, so for any given symptom, potential causes should be investigated in
the order listed.
IMAGING/X-RAY GENERATION PROBLEMS
Symptoms Possible Causes Recommended Action
Scan images are Misaligned source/detector Realign source/detector

noisy or grainy Oil in pre-collimator cup Remove oil, install gaskets
Bad A/D-to-M&D cable Repair/replace cable
Bad M&D-to-X-ray Controller cable Repair/replace cable
Bad A/D board Replace board
Bad X-ray controller board Repair/replace board
Filter wheel phase error Adjust filter wheel phasing
Loose filter wheel segment Replace filter wheel assembly
Bad detector Replace detector
Bad HVPS/Source Replace HVPS/Source
Scan images have Loose X or Y-axis ballnut hardware Tighten, then run backlash
wavy edges or utility program
lines Filter wheel phase error Adjust filter wheel phasing
Loose or defective filter wheel belt Tighten or replace belt
Wrong filter wheel belt tension Adjust belt tension
Bad Motor & Drive board Replace board
Bad M&D Interface board Replace board
Scan images have Bad A/D-to-M&D cable Repair/replace cable

spots or streaks Bad M&D-to-X-ray Controller cable Repair/replace cable
Bad cable to HVPS/Source Repair/replace cable
Bad X-ray controller board Replace board
No scan image Bad M&D-to-X-ray Controller cable Repair/replace cable

(white screen), no Blown X-ray Controller fuse Replace fuse
X-rays, no "X-rays Blown Controller board transistor Replace transistor or board
On" light. Bad Controller-to-HVPS/S cable Repair/replace cable
Bad HVPS/Source Replace HVPS/Source
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IMAGING/X-RAY GENERATION PROBLEMS - continued
No image of any Loose or defective monitor cable Tighten/repair/replace cable

kind on monitor Defective monitor Replace monitor
Defective display board Replace board
Image jumps on Defective monitor Replace monitor

monitor Defective display board Replace board
Dim monitor Failing CRT or monitor power supply Increase brightness or replace
image monitor
Desired area not Operator error Retry

fully scanned Laser misaligned Adjust laser mirror/prism
Small image on Number-of-Lines switch at 625 Set to 525

P71U printer
P71U prints Input selector set to Serial Set to Parallel

hieroglyphics Printer was powered up after pressing Power down printer, wait a
<Print Scrn> minute, then power up again.
PRECISION PROBLEMS
High C.V. Misaligned source/detector Align source/detector

Bad X-ray controller board Replace board
Bad X-ray tube Replace HVPS/Source
Phantom BMD Misaligned source/detector Align source/detector

drift or shift Oil in pre-collimator cup Remove oil, install gaskets
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MOTION PROBLEMS
First differentiate between mechanical and electrical carriage motion/leadscrew problems

by turning the leadscrew by hand (during Main Menu display, not while in Utility Local). If it
turns freely, the problem may be electrical. If it turns very stiffly or not at all, the problem
is mechanical. At the same time, check for axial play in leadscrew -- there should be none.
No axis motion Emergency STOP switch pressed in Pull STOP switch out
occurs when Key switch is in OFF position Turn key to ON
commanded by Bad Motor & Drive (M&D) board Replace board
motion switches Bad stepper translator Replace translator
or computer
Intermittent axis Loose motor/leadscrew coupler Tighten setscrews

motion or Bad board-to-translator cable Repair/replace cable
machine stalls Bad translator-to-motor cable Repair/replace cable
Disconnected ballnut bracket Reconnect bracket
Bad stepper motor Replace motor
Bad leadscrew bearings Replace bearings
Bad Timing & Control board Replace board
"No Motion Loose leadscrew encoder coupling Tighten setscrews

Detected While Bad X or Y-axis motion encoder Replace encoder
Xrays ON" error Bad X or Y-axis motion counter PCB Replace board
message is Defective motion counter-to-M&D cable Repair/replace cable
displayed Also see "No Motion
Detected While Xrays ON"
in Error Message section
NOTE: Differentiate between mechanical and electrical causes of the "No Motion Detected
While Xrays ON" message by going to DOS, typing MOTION OFF <Enter>, rebooting and
running a scan. If the scan runs successfully, the error message source is electrical. If the
machine seizes up, the problem is mechanical.
IMPORTANT: After making this determination, return to DOS, type MOTION ON <Enter>
and reboot to restore normal operation. In the MOTION OFF state, the machine will ignore
motion failure, thus putting the patient at risk if motion failure occurs during a scan!
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NOISE PROBLEMS
Noisy X- or Y- Misaligned ballnut bracket Realign bracket

axis motion Bad leadscrew bearings Replace bearings
Dry rails Lubricate rails
Dry leadscrews Lubricate leadscrews
Bad leadscrew or ballnut Replace leadscrew/ballnut
assembly
Noisy Y-axis Rear closure panels scraping Adjust panels

motion
Noisy filter wheel Worn filter wheel bearings Replace filter wheel assembly
Wrong belt tension Adjust belt tension
Belt rubbing on pulley sheaves Raise/lower pulley on shaft
Noisy fan Foreign matter in fan Clean fan

Bad fan Replace fan
DATA STORAGE & RETRIEVAL PROBLEMS
Intermittent Loose boards in computer Reseat boards

problems
can't format Missing DOS FORMAT command Copy FORMAT.COM from

DOS diskette to hard disk
Bad floppy disk (media) Use only 1.2MB 2HD floppy
diskettes
Can't archive to Bad floppy disk (media) Insert new 1.2MB 2HD floppy
floppy disk Bad floppy disk Drive Replace drive
Can't mount Cartridge not fully inserted Reinsert cartridge

optical disk Bad cartridge Replace cartridge
cartridge Bad optical disk controller board Replace board
Bad optical disk drive Replace drive
Can't archive to Cartridge is write protected Write-enable cartridge

optical disk Cartridge is full Insert a new cartridge
Bad cartridge Send to Hologic for data
recovery
Can't locate files Bad optical disk controller board Replace board
on optical disk Bad optical disk drive Replace drive
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DATA STORAGE & RETRIEVAL PROBLEMS - continued
Erratic date and Weak computer clock battery Replace battery

time
Unable to view Bad sector on hard drive Repair with Norton Disk Doctor
scan (NDD)
Unable to view Bad display board Replace board

scan graphics
(text OK)
MISCELLANEOUS PROBLEMS
No laser spot Closed shutter Open shutter

visible Bad laser Replace laser
Misadjusted table-centered sensor Adjust switch or cam
Bad table-centered sensor Replace switch
Bad laser cable Repair/replace cable
Bad laser power supply Replace supply
Can't boot Corrupted hard drive boot sector Boot from floppy, restore hard
drive
Loose hard disk controller board Reseat board
Bad hard disk drive Replace drive
Bad computer Replace computer
DETECTING ARCING IN THE HVPS\SOURCE
NOTE: If arcing is detected, or the tube current is out of specifications, the entire tank must
be replaced. It is not field repairable.
° Use SURVEY2, to turn on the X-ray beam via the <F1> function key.
WARNING: Keep hands, head and other body parts out of X-ray beam.
° Tune a portable AM radio between stations and hold the radio near the
HVPS/Source. If there is internal arcing, a loud crackling noise will be heard. If
arcing is detected, replace the HVPS/Source.
6.2 ERROR MESSAGES
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The error messages covered in this section fall into the following categories:
Informational: These messages are self-explanatory. Examples are instructions to

insert or remove diskettes, or notification that a diskette or the system
drive is full.
User Error: The user made a mistake, such as entering invalid data, inserting the
wrong diskette or optical cartridge, or positioning a region of interest
incorrectly.
Hardware Error: Messages which may indicate a hardware malfunction (which may be as
simple as something not plugged in or turned on).
Software Error: The QDR software contains numerous "sanity checks" that are used
during software development to indicate that something is wrong.
During normal operation, these messages should never appear. If they
do, Hologic should be notified.
The following list specifies, for each error message:
° its category and meaning.

° when and where it can happen
° what action you should take.
The error messages are in alphabetical order, with one exception - those messages generated by
SCAN in the form:
device: Message Text
These messages are listed in order by "Message Text".
ERROR MESSAGE LIST

A record exists with ID: __________
or
A record exists with name like: __________
Informational: You have just entered a new patient, and either (a) assigned a name that is
"similar" to one for an existing patient, or (b) assigned an ID that is
identical to that for an existing patient. That patient is highlighted in the
list of patients.
Note: A "similar"-named patient is one with the same last name and first
initial.
Action: You may press F10 to accept the new entry, or select the currently
highlighted patient to look at the biography.
Age Minimum is Greater than age Maximum
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User Error: Invalid data entry while entering a new reference curve.
Action: Fix the data and proceed.
Age Unknown for This Patient

T and Z Scores Indeterminate
User Error: You did not enter a birth date for the patient. Therefore the reference
curve display shows only the curve. No point is plotted for this data, nor
are T and Z scores computed.
Action: Edit the patient biography to include the date of birth.
Analysis aborted. d0= ___ below acceptable limit.
Hardware or d0 is found to be below zero, which is not possible if there are X-

Software Error: rays reaching the detector.
Action: This message should be reported to Hologic. Please include as much

information as possible about the scan.
Are you sure you want to change the QC parameters?
Informational: You have modified the QC plotting parameters for a phantom SETUP.
Action: Press "Y" to proceed and save the values you just modified, "N" to
preserve the old values.
Are you sure you want to delete this record?
Informational: You have requested deletion of a non-Hologic reference curve.
Action: Reply "Y" if you are really want to delete the reference curve.
WARNING: You will not be able to recover it later.
Are you sure you want to lose the data you have entered?
Informational: You have entered or changed data in a patient biography and then pressed
ESC. Normally this causes the data you entered to be lost.
Action: Press "Y" to proceed (data will be lost), or "N" (or ESC) to continue to
edit the patient biography.
Are you sure (Enter Y to modify file)
Informational: You are being asked to verify a change to a patient file.
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Action: Press "Y" to change file, or any other key to abort the change.
At least two scans must be selected to calculate the standard dev-

iation for the Q/C parameters. Press the <Enter> key to continue
or any other key to reselect the scan list.
User Error: During Q/C setup, at least two scans must be selected to calculate the
SETUP information.
Action: Press ESC to exit. Select more scans and try again.
Attempted To Compare A File To Itself
User Error: You selected - in Analyze Compare - the same file for comparison that
you are analyzing.
Action: Select another file. Be sure it is the same scan type as the file you are
analyzing.
BMD Minimum is greater than BMD Maximum
BoundaryLine Internal Software Error
Software Error: This message should be reported to Hologic. Please include as much
information as possible about what you were doing at the time.
CALIB: Timeout
Hardware Error: Dark current offset calibration was not completed within a reasonable
amount of time.
Action: Check A/D-to-M&D cable; repair or replace as required.

Check A/D board, replace if defective.
Check supply voltages to A/D board, adjust as required.
Check detector(s), replace if defective.
CALIB: Operator Abort
Informational: The operator pressed a key to abort the scan during the calibration
sequence.
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CALIB: Unknown Error
Software Error: This message should not occur. Report it to Hologic if it does.
Cannot determine rate of change
Informational: In order to calculate rate-of-change, you must have at least two scans for
the patient, and they must be at least 1/10 of a year separate from one
another.
Cannot Insert Point and keep ROI convex.
User Error: You tried to add an illegal boundary point to a region of interest.
Action: Press any key to resume Region-Of-Interest selection.
Cannot obtain results of scan ________ of __________
Software Error: For some reason, the system was unable to obtain the results of a scan
that you selected for normals plotting. This message should be reported
to Hologic.
Cannot place regions automatically on this scan
User Error: The analysis program is unable to recognize features that are needed to
place regions automatically.
Action: Check the editing of the bone map.
Can't open a window
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device: Chopper Wheel Out of Phase with Xrays
Hardware Error: After successful synchronization at the start of the scan, the filter wheel
got out of phase.
Action: Check filter wheel phasing, adjust if necessary as described in Section 4.

Check belt tension, adjust A/R.
Collimator Timeout - could not find position
Hardware Error: There is a problem with the collimator mechanism.
Action: Check the collimator assembly.
Test the collimator positioning with the SURVEY2 program.
Corrupted Scan Data Detected
Could not find file extension in
Couldn't write the new record
Hardware or The system was unable to write a reference curve that you entered
Software Error: or edited.
Action: Check that the hard drive is not full. That is, check the message "Room
for __ scans" in the status window and ensure that it does not say zero. If
it is full, then archive and delete one or more scans and try again.
If the hard drive is not full, then you have either a hard drive failure or a
corrupt reference curve database.
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db_File error __ .....
or
db_VISTA error __ .....
Software Error: Any message that begins this way should be reported to Hologic. Please
include as much information as possible about what you were doing at
the time.
device: Data Buffer Overflow
Hardware or The device driver which performs the X-ray scan acquired data
Software Error: faster than the scan program could write it to disk. This may
indicate a hard drive problem or a problem with one of the timing
and control boards.
device: Device Already In Use
information as possible about what you were doing at he time.
device: DOSERRORNO ___
information as possible about what you were doing at he time.
Do you want to add the new entry?
Press 'Y' to add the newly entered patient record.

Press 'N' to return to patient selection.
Informational: You have entered a new patient biography with either the same ID or
similar name to one already in the database, and you have been informed
and given a chance to look at the similar patient. Now you are being
asked if you really want to enter the new patient.
Action: Press "Y" to enter the new patient, "N" to resume patient selection.
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Do you wish to make this curve CURRENT? [ or NON-CURRENT?]
This is a Hologic-Supplied Curve

You are only allowed to change its currency.
(Only CURRENT curves are plotted)
Informational: You are not allowed to change the data in a Hologic-Supplied curve. You
may, however, change its currency (by responding to this query). You
may also make a copy of the curve and edit that copy.
device: Emergency Stop/Interlock Inhibit
Informational: You attempted to do a scan with the emergency-interlock (Red Button)

engaged OR you engaged the emergency interlock during a scan.
Error copying file _________
Hardware Error: There was an error copying the named file.
Action: Verify that there was space on the target drive. Check the "Room for .. "
message in the status window. Run appropriate diagnostics.
Error creating file ______________ _________________
Hardware or There is a problem creating a new file (which may be on your hard
User Error: drive, your diskette, or your optical). Either the medium is full, or
there is a hardware error.
Action: First determine which disk drive is involved. The filename should start
with a drive letter, followed by a colon. Drive A: is diskette, C: is hard
drive, E: is optical, and D: may be hard drive or optical, depending on
your system configuration. If, when you exit from the Hologic main
menu, your MENU directory is in drive D:, then D: is hard drive,
otherwise it is optical.
Check for disk full. For diskette, simply try a different diskette and see
if the problem goes away. For hard drive, check the "Room for ___"
message in the status window. For optical, go to the \WORM directory
and run the program WCHKDSK d:, where "d:" is the drive from the
message
If the disk is not full, run appropriate diagnostics.
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Error Formatting diskette. Make sure drive door is closed

and diskette is not in backwards, then restart ARCHIVE
User Error: The diskette in the drive could not be formatted. Either you have
inserted it incorrectly, the diskette is defective, or there is a hardware
problem with the diskette drive or its controller.
Action: If the diskette is inserted correctly, try a different diskette. If this error
occurs repeatedly, there may be a hardware problem with the diskette
drive.
Error in region of interest structure
Error reading Optical drive: _______________
Error reading file _______ : __________
Hardware Error: There was a disk problem while reading a file.
Action: Run appropriate diagnostics.
Error closing optical file ________________________
or
Error flushing optical file _______________________
or
Error writing optical record ______________________
Hardware error: There is a problem writing an optical file. Either the medium is full, or
there is a hardware malfunction.
Action: Check for disk full. Get out of the Hologic menu (Press <Alt> <F1>),
go to the \WORM directory and run the program WCHKDSK d:, where
"d:" is the drive letter from the message.
If the disk is not full, then run the WDIAGS diagnostics.
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Failure at file ________ line ____
file extension doesn't start with 'P' in ...
First Scan Line must be AIR
User or Whole body scans require a line of air before the beam crosses the
Hardware Error: head. The patient needs to be moved down the table. Or there may be an
object on the table above the patient's head.
This error can also occur if the machine is not adjusted correctly:
the beam is crossing the table edges. If you suspect this may be the
case, try a scan with no patient on the table. Be sure that there are
no objects on the table.
Formatting Archive Diskette. It takes a minute. Please wait.
Informational: You inserted an unformatted diskette (a diskette straight out of the box)
and responded "Y" to the query "Press Y to format this diskette." OR you
are performing a database archive (which formats each diskette before it
writes on it). The diskette must be formatted, one track at a time. This
message remains on the screen during the formatting.
Action: If this message remains on the screen for more than two minutes or so,
you are probably attempting to format a defective diskette. Open the
drive door, remove the diskette, and wait for an error message. Then try
again with a different diskette. If you are unable to correct the situation,
you may have a hardware problem with the diskette drive.
Garbled Optical File
Software Error: The optical file that you are attempting to restore scans from seems to
be clobbered.
Action: Run diagnostics on the optical drive. If this error recurs, report it to
Hologic.
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GetDKernel Internal Software Error
or
GetKernel Internal Software Error
Software Error: These messages should be reported to Hologic. Please include as much
Global Region of Interest Has Acute Angles
Informational: Acute angles (angles less then 90o) may not be desirable on lumbar spine
scans. If appropriate, press F4 as instructed to continue the analysis.
device: Hi/Lo Sequencing Error
Hardware Error: The data points did not correctly alternate between high and low energy.
Action: Check the Motor & Drive board, replace if defective. Check the A-C
input reference voltage to M&D board.
Histogram Overflow in datahist
or
Histogram Smoothing Error
or
Illegal Context Record Type
or
Illegal high value in qgen
or
Inconsistent d0 limits in rsattencalc
or
Indeterminate or bad data for attenuation curves
or
Indeterminate Data For k Calculation
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or
Insufficient Data To Determine k/delta0
Incorrect Optical Media Type

Mount media of correct type and Press any key to continue
User Error: Wrong type of media. (1 instead of 2 or 2 instead of 1).
Action: Place the correct media in drive.
Incorrect version of x-ray device driver
Insufficient Disk Space to Update Scan File
User Error: You attempted to analyze a scan when the disk was so full that there was
no room to add scan results.
Action: Archive and delete one or more scans and try again.
Insufficient Space on Disk for any new Scans

Before you do any more scans, you must first delete enough
scans to make room for the new ones. If necessary, archive
the scans before you delete them.
User Error: The hard drive is full and you are attempting to do another scan.
Action: Archive and delete some scans.
Internal Buffer Size Exceeded
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Internal Error:.....
or
Internal Software Error: ......
the time.
Invalid ...
Software Error: Any message that begins with the word "Invalid" should be reported to
Hologic. Please include as much information as possible about what you
were doing at the time.
I/O Error ....
Hardware or There was an error reading or writing a disk drive. The message should
User error: identify the drive and say something about the nature of the error.
Action: If this is an "out of space" error, verify that there is room on the target
drive. Check the "Room for ..." message in the status window.
Otherwise, run appropriate diagnostics on the disk and controller; if the
problem involves diskette (Drive A:), try a different diskette.
Less than 2 valid points in this curve
Limit Exceeded: ......
the time.
Local Motion while starting scan
User Error: You engaged one of the local motion switches after you started the scan.
Action: Start the scan over
Missing tissue bar initialization file
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Software Error: The file that contains the calibration information for the tissue bar is
missing or has not been installed.
Action: Install the tissue bar initialization software that comes with the tissue
bar.
device: Motor at Limit
User Error: You started a scan with the arm in the wrong position and one of the
motors (designated in the message) ran into the limit of its travel.
device: Motor did not move as commanded
Hardware Error: The QDR is equipped with motion detectors which detect actual motion
in the X and Y-axis motors. This message occurs when one of these
motors was commanded to move and no motion was detected.
Action: Check for loose leadscrew couplers, tighten setscrews A/R.

Check for coupler hitting bearing block, move coupler A/R.
Check motion encoder, replace if defective.
Check Motion Counter board, replace if defective.
Check leadscrew lubrication, lubricate if dry.
Check Motion Counter to M&D cable, repair or replace A/R.
Check Motor & Drive board, replace if defective.
Check stepper translator, replace if defective.
Check Timing & Control Interface board, replace if defective.
MOTOR__ never went to status ___
Hardware Error: This message can only occur during initial positioning prior to a whole
body scan. The CY525 stepper motor controller chip never went to the
named status.
Action: Replace the CY525 IC or the Motor & Drive board.
Mounting Optical Disk. Please Wait
Informational: This message flashes on the screen while the system is initially reading
the optical drive. Depending on the drive status, this can take several
seconds.
Action: If this message remains on the screen for a couple of minutes or more,
then it indicates a hardware problem. Run the optical drive diagnostics
(WDIAGS).
Multiple Data Input Channels Not Implemented
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No Curve Found
Informational: No reference curve was found that applied to this patient's scan results.
No data for attenuation curves
device: No Motion Detected While Xrays ON.
Hardware Error: The QDR is equipped with motion detectors which detect actual motion
in the X and Y-axis coordinates. Whenever the X-rays are on, these
motion detectors must show constant motion in the X or Y-axis.
Otherwise it is assumed that the patient is receiving a concentrated dose
of X-rays in one body point; the scan is aborted and this message is
produced.
Action: Check for loose leadscrew couplers, tighten setscrews A/R.

Check for coupler hitting bearing block, move coupler A/R.
Check motion encoder, replace if defective.
Check Motion Counter board, replace if defective.
Check leadscrew lubrication, lubricate if dry.
Check Motor & Drive board, replace if defective.
Check stepper translator, replace if defective.
Check Timing & Control Interface board, replace if defective.
device: Not Detecting Chopper Pickoff
Hardware Error: The filter wheel may not be spinning, or the pickoff may be
malfunctioning.
Action: Check filter pickoff, filter motor, and related cabling. Repair or replace
as required.
No scan selected
Informational: A scan must be selected to perform the analysis. After patient selection,
no scan is selected.
Action: Use sElect to select a scan.
Not enough air points
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User Error: You performed a forearm scan and did not allow enough air around the
forearm. This scan cannot be analyzed. Refer to the QDR-1500
Operators Manual for a detailed description on how to perform forearm
scans.
Not enough memory
Old Whole Body Context Type
out of memory
Patient File contains no tissue bar initialization record.

Press F4 to read tissue bar initialization file
Informational: Patient file does not contain tissue bar information. This may happen
the first time the scan is analyzed.
Action: Press F4 to read information from tissue bar file on the current machine.
Do NOT press F4 if the scan was not obtained on the current machine.
Patient File Record __ Too Small
or
Patient File Record __ Too Large
Hardware or These messages indicate problems performing I/O operations (usually

Software Error: to the hard drive, but possibly to diskette or optical).
Action: Ensure that there is adequate space on the hard drive (Check the "Room
for ..." message in the status window. You should always leave room for
1 or 2 scans). There may be a disk problem; appropriate diagnostics
should be run. If you are unable to find a hardware problem, the message
should be reported to Hologic. Include as much information as possible
about what you were doing at the time.
PGLINE: ...
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the time.
Phase mismatch on odd lines, was __, now __
or
Phase mismatch on even lines, was __, now __
Hardware Error: During a scan, the filter wheel phase at the start of every even line must
be the same. It must also be the same at the start of every odd line. This
condition was not met, indicating the line frequency may not be 50 or
60Hz. This error usually occurs when running with a motor-generator.
This may also indicate a software error involving the RATE.DAT file.
Action: Check line frequency. If you can find no problems, report this message
to Hologic.
Points were discarded that

were less than 1 year apart OR
had blank BMD or STDEV
User Error: Questionable data entry while entering a new reference curve.
One of the conditions (blank BMD, STDEV or points too close together)
occurred and caused data that you entered to be discarded. The curve has
not been written to disk. When you press <Enter>, you will see the
points that remain in the curve. You can accept the curve as is or
continue to add points or edit the points that were acceptable.
Put an archive diskette in the drive and close the door

If the diskette is already in the drive,
make sure the door is closed
and the label is facing in the right direction.
User Error: You invoked the restore function with no diskette in the drive, or with
the diskette improperly inserted.
Action: Correct the situation and continue.
Put archive diskette ________ in the drive and close the door.
If the diskette is already in the drive,
make sure the door is closed
and the label is facing in the right direction.
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User Error: You are attempting to archive to diskette. The diskette drive is either
empty or the diskette is not inserted correctly.
Action: If the diskette mentioned (by volume label) exists, then insert it.
Otherwise insert a blank, unused, diskette.
device: Readback Fault on CY525
Hardware Error: One of the stepper motor controller chips did not respond correctly to
an attempt to read it. The message identifies which controller it is.
Action: To diagnose problems with stepper motors, try going into DOS and
invoking the appropriate motor control program (MOTORX, MOTORY,
MOTORT, MOTORA). These allow direct control over the CY525 chip.
Replace the CY525 chip or the Motor & Drive board if defective.
Region of Interest is too complex. Please simplify the ROI.
Informational: There is a limit to the number of overlapping areas that the software can
handle in subregion analysis. The limit is 64.
Action: Reduce the number of overlaps between subregions.
RePositioning: Unknown Power Line Frequency
Hardware Error: When repositioning a scan (F3), the power line frequency appears to
have changed.
Action: See the discussion of the error message "Unable to determine power line
frequency".
ROI Limit Error
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Scan _________ is archived on __________________

Press Plus (+) to retain or Minus (-) to remove archive request.
Press Star (*) to write selected scans to archive without further
checking. Press any other key to reselect list.
Informational: You are archiving a scan to diskette or optical (Not a Copy only). The
scan is already archived and there is no room in the database to store
both the new and old archive locations. (The database can store two
archive locations: optical 1 and either diskette or optical 2.) If you
proceed (+ or *), the old archive location will be lost.
Action: Press the appropriate key, to proceed or terminate the archive. If you
proceed, the old archive information will be written over. You may want
to return to the main menu and re-invoke aRchive, in order to do a Copy
only, which will not cause the new archive location to be recorded, or the
old information to be lost.
Scan File Record __ Too Small (__)
or
Scan File Record __ Too Large (__)
or
Scan has 0 points or lines
Hardware or These messages indicate problems performing I/O operations

Software Error: (usually to the hard drive, but possibly to diskette or optical).
Scan Re-Positioning Aborted
Informational: Operator pressed ESC during repositioning after F3.
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Scan speed in the protocol file is inconsistent with line frequency
Software or If you are encountering problems with line frequency (see the
Hardware Error: description of "Unable to determine Line Frequency" error
message), then you can get this message.
Otherwise, this message should be reported to Hologic.
Scan Types Must Be Identical TO Use Compare
User Error: You selected - in Analyze Compare - a file for comparison that is of a
different scan type than the one you are analyzing.
Action: Select another file. Be sure it is the same scan type as the file you are
analyzing.
SOFTWARE ERROR .......
the time.
Special Analysis Not Possible Until After

This Scan Has Been Reanalyzed
Informational: In whole body analysis the special analysis may only be performed
following a normal analysis.
Action: Perform the normal reanalysis (F10) and then do special analysis
Start phase = __, must be EVEN
or
Start phase = __, must be in range 0 to 5
Hardware Error: During a scan, the starting chopper wheel phase for each line must be
one of the values: 0, 2, 4. This condition was not met.
On the QDR-1500, the start phase must be 4.
Action: Check the stepper motor controller. Ensure that you have the latest
chopper pickoff synchronization fix installed (Part number 0610-
00195-01. This is included in all software releases 5.11.04 and later,
and 6.00.01 and later).
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Starting phase Out of Range
Subregion extends outside of the global region
Informational: In subregion point mode, a corner may be moved outside of the global
region to facilitate movement. Outside the global region the point is
colored red.
Action: Move all points inside the global region before leaving point mode.
the analyze data file either did not exist or did not
contain any valid entries
Software Error: The software was not correctly installed (No ANALYZE.DAT file). This
might also be due to a hardware problem with the hard disk drive.
Action: Notify Hologic field engineering.
The line frequency measured during startup has changed.
Hardware Error: See the discussion of error message "Unable to determine power line
frequency".
Action: Check the Motor & Drive board, replace if defective.
The location of the previous archive for scans in the

selected list may be overwritten.
Press Star (*) to confirm request to write
selected scans to archive without further checking.
Press any other key to cancel request.
Informational: You are archiving one or more scans to diskette or optical (Not a Copy
only). At least one of these scans is already archived and there is no
room in the database to store both the new and old archive locations.
(The database can store two archive locations: optical 1 and either
diskette or optical 2.) If you proceed (by pressing *), the old archive
location will be lost.
Action: Press the appropriate key, to proceed or terminate the archive. If you
proceed, the old archive information will be written over. You may want
to return to the main menu and re-invoke aRchive, in order to do a Copy
only, which will not cause the new archive location to be recorded, or the
old information to be lost.
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The number of scans on the disk exceeds the system's limit

User Error: The capacity has been reached and you are attempting to do another scan.
There are no analyzed scans to select for this patient
Informational: While selecting scans in Normals, you have selected a patient who has
no analyzed scans.
Action: Select another patient.
There are no ARC files for this database on this optical disk
User Error: You inserted an optical disk that contains no archived scans. It is,
however, a valid Hologic-Labelled optical disk.
Action: Insert a valid optical disk and try again.
There are no data that match the parameters you just gave.
Please try again with different database search parameters.
User Error: You are attempting to plot QC data and have specified parameters that
exclude all the available data in the database.
Action: Try again with different parameters. OR add new phantom scans to the
database.
There are no files available to restore (resTore from diskette)
User Error: You are attempting to restore scans from a diskette which contains no
archived scans.
Action: Try again with a different diskette. If you are sure that this diskette
contains scans, then you may have a hardware problem either with the
diskette (unreadable) or with the diskette drive. But this is unlikely -
such problems usually produce a different error message.
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There are no files available to restore (Optical restore)
User or Software When restoring files from optical ("Optical" on main menu), you
Error: selected an archive that contains no scans. This situation should not
occur in normal operation with current software (versions 5.20 and
later).
Action: Select a different archive. If this message appears with Optical restore
with software versions greater than 5.11, report it to Hologic.
There are no records in the Normals Curve database.
Software Error: The reference curve database appears to be totally empty. This condition
should never occur in normal operations.
Action: The Hologic software may not have been installed correctly.
There are no records in the QC database
User Error: You have not entered any scans into the QC database. You need to enter
scans before you can plot the data.
Action: Select the "Add" option in Qc and add scans to the database.
There are no scans to restore for this patient
Informational: When performing the Locate function, you selected a patient for whom
there are no archived scans.
Action: Select a different patient, or look for this patient's scans on the hard
drive (Select function).
There are too few data points that match your

selection criteria for a plot to be made.
At least 2 points are required to complete a plot.
User Error: You are attempting to plot QC data with parameters that exclude all but
one point.
Action: Try again with different parameters. OR add new phantom scans to the
database.
There are too many data points that match your selection
criteria for a plot to be made. Try again with different
selection criteria, such as a narrower range of dates.
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User Error: You are attempting to plot QC data with parameters that allow too many
points for the program to handle.
Action: Try again with different parameters.
There are too many scans on the disk to select from
Informational: You are trying to add more than 192 scans into the QC database.
Action: Press ESC to continue, and reselect scans.
There is no current scan selected.

You must select at least one scan to plot.
User Error: You have entered Normals with no analyzed scan selected. Possibly you
have entered immediately after invoking Patient (which causes the
currently selected scan to be a dummy scan) or else the current scan has
not been analyzed.
Action: Press <Enter> to proceed to select scans from within the NORMALS
menu, or press ESC and go and analyze the current scan or select
another.
device: Timeout (No 120 Hz Interrupts)
Hardware Error: The Motor & Drive board generates an interrupt every 1/120 of a second
(60 HZ line) or every 1/100 of a second (50Hz line). The PC clock
generates 18 interrupts a second (regardless of line frequency). If two
clock ticks occur with NO Motor & Drive board interrupts between
them, then this message is produced.
Action: Verify that the Chopper Pickoff Synchronization fix (Part no. 0610-
00195-01) has been installed. This fix is included in software releases
5.11.04 and later and 6.00.01 and later).
Check filter wheel pickoff for residual noise, add shielded cable A/R.
Check Motor & Drive board, Timing & Control Interface board and the
M&D-to-T&C cable, reseat modify or replace as required.
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device: Timeout writing to CY525
Hardware Error: One of the stepper motor controller chips did not respond correctly to
an attempt to write to it. The message identifies which controller it is.
Action: To diagnose problems with stepper motors, try going into DOS and
invoking the appropriate motor control program (MOTORX, MOTORY,
MOTORT, MOTORA). These allow direct control over the CY525 chip.
Replace the CY525 chip or the Motor & Drive board if defective.
To obtain a statistically significant sampling, Hologic recommends

that at least twenty scans (20) be selected to setup the reference
values for the Q/C parameters. Press the <Enter> key to continue
or any other key to reselect the scan list.
Informational: This is a warning that you have not selected enough scans (in the opinion
of Hologic).
Action: Select more scans or continue with what you have.
Too Many Overlapping Subregions: Please Simplify.
See message: "Region of interest is too complex. Please simplify the ROI."
Total No. points = __, NOT a multiple of 6
Software Error: This message indicates a problem with the scan protocol file (that
instructs the scan program how to perform a scan). If this happens on
one of the officially-released Hologic scan protocols, Hologic should
be notified.
Truncated Patient Record ...
Hardware or This messages indicate problems performing I/O operations (usually

Software Error: to the hard drive, but possibly to diskette or optical).
Unable to access optical media.

Press ESC to exit ______ or place an optical disk
in the drive and press any key to continue
ã
User Error: This message can appear during Optical restore, Locate, or aRchive to
optical. It appears that there is no optical cartridge in the drive.
Action: Place an optical cartridge in the drive and continue. If there is an optical
cartridge in the drive, then you may have a hardware error (bad cartridge
or drive). Run optical drive diagnostics (WDIAGS).
device: Unable To Allocate Resources
Unable to Allocate Space for Environment
or
Unable to Restore Environment
or
Unable to Calculate Line-By-Line d0's
Unable to determine Available Disk Space

User Error: The hard drive is full and you are attempting to do another scan.
ã
Unable to determine power line frequency
Hardware Error: The line frequency is determined by counting the number of Motor &
Drive board interrupts that occur during PC clock tick intervals. The
Motor & Drive board interrupts occur 100 (50Hz) or 120 (60Hz) times
per second. The PC clock ticks approximately 18 times per second.
Several clock ticks are observed to ensure consistency. If reasonable
numbers of interrupts are not observed, this message appears.
Action: Check the Motor and Drive board, Timing & Control Interface board and
the M&D-to-T&C cable.
Check the output voltages (+15 VDC and +5 VDC) at the low voltage
power supply.
Unable to format diskette
User or This usually means that you attempted to format a diskette that was
Hardware Error: defective.
Action: Try a different diskette. If this message occurs repeatedly, and with
more than one diskette, it may mean a hardware problem with a diskette
drive or the controller board. (In some computers, the controller
circuitry is on the motherboard; if this circuitry is defective, the entire
computer must be replaced.)
Unable to normalize line sums
Unable to find file
or
Unable to Find Line by Line d0's
or
Unable to Find Previous Analysis Results
or
Unable to Open Tissue Calibration File ________
or
Unable to open temporary file ________
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or
Unable to open temporary Q-File
or
Unable to Position File to HALO Record
or
Unable to Position Data File
or
Unable to Position File: ________
or
Unable to Position Patient File
or
Unable to Position Patient File Past Record __
or
Unable to Position Patient File To End
or
Unable to Position Scan File Past Record __ (__)
or
Unable to Position Q-Data File
or
Unable to Read Data File
or
Unable to Read File: ________
or
Unable to Read Line by Line d0's
or
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Unable to Read Previous Analysis Results
or
Unable to Rewind Q-File
or
Unable to Rewind File: ________
or
Unable to Read BMD Image Frame
or
Unable to Read HALO Frame Header
or
Unable to Read Q-Data File
or
Unable to Write to Q-Image File
Hardware or These messages indicate problems performing I/O operations

Software Error: (usually to the hard drive, but possibly to diskette or optical).
Unable to open a window
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Unable to open x-ray device driver
Unable to restore scan. If the System Disk is full

Delete Archived scans and try again.
User or Hardware The system was unable to restore one or more scans.
error:
Action: This usually means that the hard drive is full. Check the "Room for ..."
message in the status window. If the disk is NOT full, then this indicates
a hard drive problem.
Unable to set PMT Voltage
or
Unknown ROI type in DrawROI
Unable to synchronize filter wheel
Hardware Error: The filter wheel belt may be too tight. Check the tension, adjust as
required.
device: Unrecognized Command Code
Unrecognized Scan Type
User Error: This scan is of a type for which cannot be analyzed with your
configuration. This is probably because you have not acquired or
installed the necessary option.
Action: Ensure that you have correctly installed all your options. Contact
Hologic sales office if you are missing an option that you need.
WARNING Invalid or Unformatted diskette

Press Y to format this diskette.
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Informational: When archiving scans to diskette, you inserted a new diskette (out of the
box). This diskette must be formatted before it can be used.
Action: Ensure that the diskette that is in the drive is inserted correctly and does
not contain valuable data. Then press "Y". NOTE that any data on the
diskette will be lost.
WARNING Invalid or Unformatted optical media

Press ESC to exit
Press any other key to mount another disk
User Error: This message can occur during any operation involving the optical drive.
It means that the optical cartridge has not been formatted. Only
Hologic-formatted and labelled optical media can be used with Hologic
software.
Action: Replace the optical cartridge with one that has been formatted and
labelled by Hologic. If the current cartridge has in fact been so labelled,
then you may have a hardware problem. Run the optical diagnostics
(WDIAGS).
WARNING This scan is already entered in the database and

a new patient biography cannot be specified. However, you may
use the PATIENT command to modify the existing biography.
User Error: You specified the Enter patient ID option when restoring a scan that is
already in the patient-scan database.
Action: You cannot change the patient at this time. If this scan is associated with
the wrong patient, then you should obtain the Hologic utility program
DBMAN which allows you to change patient-scan associations.
If you only want to change a few fields in the patient biography, you
should invoke PATIENT and select this patient.
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WARNING: Unlabeled optical media

Press ESC to exit ______
Press any other key to mount another optical disk
User Error: This message can occur during any operation involving the optical drive.
It means that the optical cartridge has not been formatted. Only
Hologic-formatted and labelled optical media can be used with Hologic
software.
Action: Replace the optical cartridge with one that has been formatted and
labelled by Hologic. If the current cartridge has in fact been so labelled,
then you may have a hardware problem. Run the optical diagnostics
(WDIAGS).
X Motor is not correctly positioned
User Error: After positioning the scan arm to Lateral Position in the AP/Lateral
Menu, you are not allowed to move it either before or after it is rotated.
Moving it will produce this error message when the lateral scan is
attempted.
x-ray device driver not installed
Software Error: The software was not properly installed. The device driver SM.SYS
(loaded by command in CONFIG.SYS at system startup) does not appear
to be there.
Xrays Timed Out
Hardware Error: The X-ray ready internal indicator did not come on within a reasonable
amount of time.
Action: Check hardware watchdog on Motor & Drive board, replace board if
defective.
You can't delete a Hologic-supplied curve.
User Error: You are trying to delete a reference curve supplied by Hologic. You are
not allowed to delete a curve supplied by Hologic. You may, however,
make it non-current (by selecting Edit and responding to the query that
you receive).
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You have no valid data to plot
User Error In Normals, you are trying to select "Plot", "rate-of-Change", or "Region
select" when you have no valid data - that is, the current scan is not
analyzed, and you have no selected valid analyzed scan(s) from within
Normals.
Action: Select one or more analyzed scans and try again.
You have not selected any scans

or
The scans that you have selected contain different
bone regions or vertebrae.
You must select other scans to plot
User Error In Normals, you have selected scan sElect and then attempted to exit
from that selection without choosing a consistent set of scans to plot.
Action Select different scans and try again.
You have selected scans of more than one type (Spine/Hip..)

OR you have selected scans of a type that has no normal database
You must repeat the selection process
User Error: Scans to be plotted together, or to be used to determine rate of change,

must be of the same scan type.
You tried to delete all regions
User Error: while performing region selection for normals report, you attempted to
delete all the regions. The program has reset the regions to the default.
Action: Try again.
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Section 7 - Software
7.0 SOFTWARE
7.1 SOFTWARE INSTALLATION AND UPGRADES

PROTECTION OF CUSTOMER'S DATABASE
Always archive the customer's patient database and QC files before performing any work on
the system's hard disk. Use a separate set of new 2HD floppy disks, not the customer's
regular database archive diskettes.
NEVER FORMAT OR PARTITION THE HARD DISK WITHOUT FIRST ARCHIVING THE
PATIENT DATABASE, THE QC FILES, AND ALL OF THE SCANS ON THE HARD DISK.
NEVER POWER DOWN OR REBOOT DURING A SCAN, OR WHILE THE COMPUTER

IS ACCESSING THE HARD DISK. POWERING DOWN AND REBOOTING MAY BE
SAFELY ACCOMPLISHED ONLY AT THE DOS PROMPT OR WHEN THE MAIN MENU
IS DISPLAYED.
RESTORING THE QDR DATABASE
USE CAUTION WHEN RESTORING THE QDR DATABASE. IF DONE

INCORRECTLY, CUSTOMER DATA MAY BE LOST.
There will be times when you may have to restore the QDR database, either because the hard
disk has become corrupted or you want to transfer the database to another machine.
Performing the following steps will allow you to either restore the QDR database or transfer
it to another machine. Note that any scans that are on the hard disk can remain there without
harm.
° Insert the floppy with the most recent archived database information into the floppy
drive. If the archived database resides on two or more diskettes, insert the last
diskette first.
° From the main menu select Utility.
° From the Utility menu select Service.
° From the Service menu select Dbmngmnt.
° From the Database Management Tools menu select dbRecover.
You will then see the following menu:
Note that if you do not have the correct diskette mounted, or if the QDR operating
software is not correctly installed, you will receive an appropriate error message.
Correct the situation and begin again.
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The menu presented gives you the choice of recovering individual types of files or all the
archived files from the archive diskette(s). The correct procedure is to selectively restore
only the files that are necessary to bring the system back on line, as restoring all the files
can sometimes be detrimental e.g., overwriting new calibration, or patient data, files with
older ones from the archive diskette.
The following describes each step with their associated guidelines and precautions.
1. The patient database comprises the lists of the "Patient" and "Locate" screens from
the QDR software. If you restore this data, you will then be given an opportunity, to
(a) check the validity of the recovered database, and (b) merge new scans (already
on the hard disk) with the newly recovered patient database.
Note: Any patient scan(s) that were performed, archived and then deleted from
the hard disk between the last dbarchive and the restoration of the database will
have to be manually restored to the hard disk.
2. The SCONFIG.TXT, calibration and QC database files should NOT be moved from
one machine to another. These files contain machine dependent information and
should only be restored to the machine from which they were archived from.
SCONFIG.TXT is a text file which holds the system's configuration.
3. The calibration files include, but are not limited to:
ENVIRON.BAT a batch file which sets up the system's DOS environment.
STANDARD.TBL a text file which lists the system's standard configuration

of installed software options.
Use caution when restoring these files. Recalibration of the unit may be necessary
if newer calibration files are overwritten by older archived files.
ã
4. The QC database comprises the daily QC scans and their analyzed results which are
used to plot the performance of the machine.
Note that any QC scan(s) which were performed, archived and then deleted from the
hard disk between the last dbarchive and the restoration of the database will have to
be manually restored to the hard disk.
5. The Normals (reference) curves need only be restored if the customer has set up
his own curves in the reference database.
6. The RATE.DAT files (one each for 50Hz and 60Hz) should NOT be moved from
one machine to another, and as standard practice, should not be restored at all.
These files provide stepping motor parameters. Software upgrades will frequently
contain improved versions of the RATE.DAT files to better deal with the problem
of "backlash" (image skewing on alternate scan lines). Some customers, who are
doing longitudinal studies, may want to maintain a constant set of parameters
throughout the study. They may therefore want to overwrite the improved version
that comes with a new software release, and it is for these customers that this menu
option is provided.
7. The tissue bar descriptor is unique to each tissue bar. Each tissue bar is supplied by
Hologic with a diskette containing the tissue bar descriptor file (TBAR.TXT). You
may safely restore this file from the database archive diskette(s) only if you have
not changed tissue bars since the last dbarchive.
As you restore each file(s), the following message will appear:
Old files will be lost. Press <RETURN> to continue, or <SPACE> to skip.

Press <ESC> to quit
This warning will appear regardless of whether such files in fact exist or not on the hard disk.
To proceed normally press <Enter> (not <Space> to skip or <Esc> to quit).
If you have restored the patient database, DBRECOVR will invoke DBCHECK to check the
integrity of the database and you see the following message:
Checking PATSCAN3. <ENTER> = continue, <SPACE> = skip

Press <ESC> to quit
You should press <Enter> to proceed. If all has gone well, DBCHECK will report 0 errors
found and terminate with the message "Press any key to continue".
DBRECOVR will then update the patient database with scans that are already on the hard disk
and you will get the message:
Updating PATSCAN3. <ENTER> = continue, <SPACE> = skip

Press <ESC> to quit
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Press <Enter to proceed and when it has finished updating the database the messages
"Database updated. Press any key to continue" and "ONDISK file updated. Press any key to
continue" will appear.
The database should now be back in the state it was in when the last dbarchive was performed.
Note that any scan(s) that were performed, archived and then deleted from the hard disk
between the last dbarchive and the restoration of the database will have to be manually
restored to the hard disk.
Manually updating the database:
If you suspect that DBRECOVR did not correctly update the database, or you pressed
<Space> or <Esc> during the update step, you can manually update the database by
proceeding as follows:
1. At the DOS prompt type:
SCANTODB \XCDATA\p*.p* <Enter>
This will search for scans in the XCDATA directory of the hard disk and match or
add them to the newly restored database as required.
2. Update the QDR SELECT SCAN listing to reflect the scans which are currently on
the hard disk by typing:
ONDISK <Enter>
3. Return to the QDR software menu by typing:
MAINMENU <Enter>
Using DBRECOVR with old-format archive diskettes:
Follow the same procedure as described above. You will be presented with a smaller menu,
that only allows you to restore the database archive. The QC archive will have to be restored
manually, as described bellow.
ã
MANUALLY RESTORING THE QC DATABASE
This only applies to QC database files which have been generated from the QC (archive)
submenu.
1. Exit to DOS and insert the floppy with the most recent archived QC database
information into the floppy drive.
2 Copy the QC archived database from the floppy to the hard drive's XCDATA
directory by typing:
COPY A:\XCDATA\*.* \XCDATA <Enter>
3. Return to the QDR software menu by typing:
MAINMENU <Enter>
The QC database should now be back in the state it was in when the last QC archive was
performed. Note that in some cases the QC SETUP will have to be performed again.
MOVING A QDR-1000 DATABASE TO A QDR-1500
Moving the patient database is required for sites which may be upgrading from a model
QDR-1000 to a model QDR-1500. e.g., sites which had been sent a QDR-1000 until the
QDR-1500 was available.
WARNING: This procedure should only be performed on new QDR-1500's. Any patient
database that may exist on the destination QDR-1500 will be overwritten by this procedure.
However, any scans (such as sample scans shipped with new machines) can safely be left on the
QDR-1500's hard disk. These scans will be incorporated into the patient database once the
database transfer has been performed.
To move the patient database, perform a dbarchive on the source system and a dbrecover on
the target QDR-1500. Recover only the patient data base.
UPGRADING A DPA DATABASE TO QDR-1500
Upgrading a DPA database to QDR-1500 requires extensive knowledge of DOS, dBASE and
Hologic DBIMPORT utility. Prior to attempting this upgrade, call Hologic Technical
Support for instructions and a procedure.
INSTALLING SOFTWARE OPTIONS
Normally, all software options are factory-installed. In those instances where an option is to
be field-installed, the option kit will include an Installation Procedure that describes in detail
how to load the option software.
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INSTALLING SOFTWARE UPGRADES
From time to time, Hologic distributes software upgrades which incorporate improvements,
bug fixes and additional features. Each upgrade kit will include a Release Note, which
describes in detail how to load the new version of software.
Typical software upgrades to the QDR-1500 are performed via the Utility Upgrade Menu and
are performed as follows:
° Begin by placing the first (or only) disk into the floppy disk drive, and then close the
disk door.
° From the main QDR menu:
Press U for Utility;
Press U again for Upgrade.
° Continue by follow the instruction on the monitor screen.
° If you experience any difficulty, contact Hologic Customer Support.
COMPLETE SOFTWARE INSTALLATION
On those rare occasions when a complete software installation must be performed (e.g., hard
disk failure), please refer to the software installation instructions.
Never perform a complete software installation on an operational unit until all scans,
database, and in particular, the calibration files have been properly backed up and saved.
Failure to do so will make it necessary to recalculate the machine to factory standards.
Before performing a complete software installation:
° Archive all scans.
° Perform a complete dbArchive.
° Follow the software installation instructions.
° If you experience any difficulty, contact Hologic Customer Support.
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7.2 FILE ORGANIZATION

This section gives an overview of file organization in the QDR-1500. It assumes that the reader has a
good working knowledge of MS-DOS file organization.
The QDR-1500 always contains two physical drives, and may contain a third. Remembering that DOS
drive designations always end with a colon;
1. The 5.25" floppy diskette drive is always identified as drive A:.
2. The hard drive has a capacity of 100 megabytes, and is identified as logical drive (C:).
3. An optional optical drive, when present, is identified as logical drive D:
The hard drive is divided into several directories:
C:\
This is the root directory that contains the COMMAND.COM, AUTOEXEC.BAT and
CONFIG.SYS - which are files read by MS-DOS at boot-up.
Also contained here are two ASCII text files used by the QDR system software. The
SCONFIG.TXT file, which stores the system's configuration (e.g., the last archive label, scan
date and number used) and the PMTVOLTS.TXT file, which retains the PMT voltage setting
required for each collimator position.
The root directory also contains ASCII text files used for installation and maintenance
purpose. STANDARD.TBL lists all the options, with their version levels, installed on the
system. VALIDOPT.TXT lists options that are valid to install on this system, regardless of
their version-level requirements. SYSTEM.PRX contains a parts list of the files on the
system along with their respective location, version, size and date.
\MENU
This directory contains most of the Hologic executable programs. It contains all the
programs that can be executed from the Hologic main menu. During standard operation of
the software, this is always the "current directory". File types stored here can be identified
by extension:
.EXE Executable Programs
.MSG,.NDX Help files. These come in pairs, with the .NDX being an
index into the .MSG file.
.BAT Batch programs. Examples are COUNTRY.BAT (which sets

the AC line frequency) and ENVIRON.BAT (which sets up the
DOS environment) and are invoked at bootup.
\DOS
This directory always contains the MS-DOS executable files.
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\UTIL
This directory contains Hologic executable tools, some of which are listed bellow:
AUTOSCAN.EXE used to automatically run any number of scans.
AVRSCAN.EXE used to calculate the average and CV of selected scans.
CHEKPART.EXE which when used with the SYSTEM.PRX file will check if all
the software is correctly installed on the system.
Example: CHEKPART C:\SYSTEM
DBCHECK.EXE used to check the integrity of the database.
DBRECOVR.EXE used to update the database with scans that are already on the
hard disk.
MOTION.EXE used to temporarily disable the motion detection.
These Hologic programs are ordinarily invoked from the DOS prompt, by service personnel,
and are not used in day-to-day operations.
It also includes SM2.SYS, the QDR device driver loaded from CONFIG.SYS at bootup, and
MITS.COM, the printer driver.
\SCAN\60HZ
This directory contains ASCII protocol files that control the scanning operation. There is
one of these files for each scan protocol available on the system. These files all end with
the extension .PRO. In addition, the ASCII file RATE.DAT describes various stepper motor
characteristics at 60Hz operation.
\SCAN\50HZ
This directory contains the same files as \SCAN\60HZ, except for 50Hz operation.
\FLANGENG
This directory contains text, help, menu, and message files that are specific to English
language operation. It also contains the executable file SETQPRM.EXE, which loads the
QDR Parameter area with English-language values.
ã
\FLANGFRN
This directory contains text, help, menu, and message files that are specific to French
language operation. Other files are identifiable by extension:
.TGT These contain text messages for specific Hologic programs
.MSG,.NDX Help files (see \MENU, above).
.DAT MENU files. These contain all the text that appears in menu
selections.
ANALYZE.PRO This is the translated analysis protocol file.
LANG.NAM This short ASCII file simply contains the language name.
ANALYZE.PRO and the .DAT files correspond to "master" copies kept in \XCDATA. Each
foreign language directory contains a translated copy of these files.
\FLANGDEU
This directory contains text, help, menu, and message files that are specific to German
language operation (see \FLANGFRN for file explanation).
\XCDATA
This directory contains data files, master menu files, and database-definition files. Data for
each scan is kept in two or three files, with names in the form:
P*.P* Processed data which contains analysis results and the

presentation frame.
P*.R* Raw scan data.
where the name portion of the filename is identical for the files of a single scan.
The patient-scan database contains the patient biographies and the results of all the scans that
the system has analyzed (or that have been restored to the hard disk of this system). It is
kept in files:
PATSCAN3.H PATSCAN2.DAT
PATSCAN3.DBD PATSCAN2.KEY
PATBIOG2.DAT XPATSCN2.DAT
PATBIOG2.KEY OPTICAL.DAT
PATBIOG2.KE1 OPTICAL.KEY
The normals curve database contains the reference curves provided in the original software
and added to the system by the user:
NCURV2.H NCURV2.DAT
NCURV2.DBD NCURV2.KEY
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The QC database contains stored scan results (generally of phantoms) and QC setup
information:
QCDB4.H QCDB5.KEY
QCDB4.DBD QCSCALE2.DAT
QCDB5.DAT QCSCALE2.KEY
All the database files are identified by their extensions as follows:
.DBD and .H are used by the dbVista program to create the definition of
the database.
.KEY contains the pointers to the database.
.DAT contains the actual database information.
The file XCSYSTEM.DAT contains the currently selected scan.
The file ONDISK contains the list of scans currently on the hard drive.
The file ANALYZE.PRO contains the protocol information for the analyze program.
Other .DAT files are menu files that contain all the text that the user sees during menu
selections. Not all menus are supported this way. Those that are include:
ANALYZE.DAT Menu selection within ANALYZE.

MAINP.DAT Hologic Main Menu
SCAN2.DAT Scan Selection Menu
UTILITYP.DAT Utility Menu
NOTE: AC-1000 workstations contain no scanning hardware. Therefore the directories

\SCAN\60HZ and \SCAN\50HZ do not appear. Neither does the Scan selection on the Hologic
Main Menu, nor the Local selection on the Utility Menu. The file COUNTRY.BAT is not invoked
at bootup; therefore no attempt is made to determine line frequency. In addition, various
executable files that control the hardware are not loaded at software installation.
7.3 SERVICE AND DIAGNOSTIC SOFTWARE

This section describes software available for use by Field Service personnel. Unless otherwise
noted, all routines are accessed from the DOS [C:\MENU] prompt by typing the program name and
pressing <Enter>.
To get to the DOS prompt from the QDR-1500 system software Main Menu, hold down <Alt> and
press <F1> key. To return to the QDR-1500 system software from the DOS prompt, type
MAINMENU <Enter>.
Many programs automatically return to DOS upon completion. Programs which do not return
automatically to the DOS prompt can be exited by pressing the <Esc> key.
ã
AUTOSCAN A QDR utility which allows multiple scans of a phantom to be made, one after
another, without operator intervention. The scan type and number of scans
must be specified. The other scan parameters are optional and may be
specified by appending one or more modifiers to AUTOSCAN.
Note that the scans performed under AUTOSCAN will be assigned to the
currently selected patient biography file. One must therefore always have
previously select the phantom to be scanned from the patient selection menu of
the QDR system software.
Typing AUTOSCAN without any modifiers defaults to selecting a Spine Scan

with the default dimensions for length and width.
Note that the version of AUTOSCAN shipped with the QDR-1500 differs from
the ones shipped with the QDR-1000 and QDR-1000/W. This is because not
all of the scan protocol options are contained in one file any longer but in
separate files. Most of the options in AUTOSCAN remain unchanged. They
are as follows:
-Tt where t determines scan type Body, Spine, Hip, etc.

-TB select whole-body scan
-TE select Performance left-hip scan
-TI select Performance right-hip scan
-TL select fast left-hip scan
-TR select fast right-hip scan
-TP select Performance spine scan
-TA select fast spine scan
-Nnn perform nn scans (default value=32,767)
-Sss set scan line-to-line spacing to ss inches/cm (defaults to

0.0395"/0.1003 cm)
-Hn type n <Home> keys to select resolution
-En type n <End> keys to select resolution
-D delete scans after acquisition
-O[file] log acquired scan filenames for use with the AutoAnalyze
program (default file is AUTOSCAN.LOG)
The following AUTOSCAN modifiers have changed:
-Lyy set scan length to yy inches/cm
-Wxx set scan width to xx inches/cm
The default length of 6 inches/cm and default width of 5

inches/cm are no longer written to the SCAN keyboard input if
nothing was specified. The default from the SCAN protocol
file is now used if no width or length parameters are specified.
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-M do NOT reposition motors between scans
This option has meaning only on the QDR-1000 and QDR-

1000/W. This is the default behavior on the QDR-1500 and can
be changed with the -R option.
The following options have been added:
-Pxxxx use scan menu file xxxx
The default scan menu file used by AUTOSCAN is called

SCAN.DAT, but this only contains some protocols. This option
is therefore required to allow SCAN to use other scan menu
files.
-R repositions motors between scans
This option only has meaning on the QDR-1500.
The previous versions of AUTOSCAN attempted to reposition

unless you told it no to. The new version behaves that way only
on the QDR-1000 and QDR-1000/W. On the QDR-1500,
SCAN will reposition the motors at the end of each scan. This
option allows AUTOSCAN to make sure they are repositioned.
Note that this option cannot be used with tracking.
? or -? displays a help screen
The following options have been removed:
-Vxxxx use a file for keyboard input
The new AUTOSCAN always uses a file for keyboard input to

prevent buffer overflow.
The following is a list of commonly used AUTOSCAN parameters for:
SPINE SCANS:
AUTOSCAN -TN single Beam spine
WRIST SCANS:
AUTOSCAN -Pscnwrist -TL Left wrist

AUTOSCAN -Pscnwrist -TR Right wrist
WHOLE-BODY SCANS:
AUTOSCAN -TB whole Body
NOTE: The -P parameter specifies one of the menu files. They are currently
ScnSpine, ScnHip, and ScnWrist.
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AVRSCAN A QDR utility program which finds the averages (means) and coefficients of
variation (CVs) of k, d0, area, BMC and BMD for a selected set of scans. Each
scan chosen to be part of the set is highlighted by typing a "+". After all the
scans to be averaged have been tagged, pressing <Enter> will display the
average and CV for each parameter.
BACK2 Measures the amount of mechanical backlash present in the scanning

mechanisms, and calculates corrections which make the scanned image appear
as if it had been acquired on a backlash-free system. Without correction,
straight lines may appear wavy, and image edges can have the appearance of
ripple-cut French fries.
The program has one mode of operation for calculating X-axis and Y-axis
backlash. To use it to calculate the X-axis and Y-axis backlash, place a coin on
the tabletop, center the laser spot on the coin, and at the DOS prompt type
BACK2 <Enter>.
All further operations are fully automatic, and the program terminates with X-
axis and Y-axis backlash compensation values (measured in motor steps) stored
in the SCONFIG.TXT file.
CHKDSK A DOS utility used to check for lost clusters and cross-links. Used with the /F
modifier switch (example: CHKDSK /F), it repairs any such errors found.
When errors are found and corrected, files in the form of FILEnnnn.CHK will
be created on the root of the drive checked. These files can then be erased to
free up disk space.
This utility also displays the creation date , time, disk volume name and the
number of bytes:
of total disk space

used in N hidden files
used in M directories
used in P user files
available on disk
of total memory
of memory free
Please refer to the DOS Operating System manual for a more detailed
explanation of this command.
CHEKPART This executable file is used with the SYSTEM.PRX text file to check if all the
software files on the computers hard disk are correctly installed and have not
been modified or changed since they were installed.
Example: CHEKPART C:\SYSTEM

will check the files on the hard disk against the list in the
SYSTEM.PRX file and display any errors found.
ã
COUNTRY A QDR system batch file which when run automatically configures the system
for 50 or 60 Hz operation. It is automatically run each time the system is
powered up or whenever the computer is rebooted.
DATE A DOS function that displays the current date in the computer's internal clock,
and allows the date to be changed if desired.
DBCHECKã Checks a specified database (example: DBCHECK PATSCAN2) for errors,

and reports any found. Copyrighted by Raima Corporation.
DBDR A QDR utility able to detect and correct many data base problems.
DBMAN Database management utility which moves and/or deletes scans and patient
information from the PATSCAN2 database. Hologic strongly recommends
running dbArchive before running DBMAN, so that the original database
can be restored in case of operator error.
INITDBã Initializes a specified database, clearing all previous entries. Copyrighted by

Raima Corporation.
Always run dbArchive before running INITDB. Failure to do so will

result in the permanent loss of data.
Example 1: INITDB PATSCAN3

will initialize the patient database, and in the process erase
any previously entered patient information.
Example 2: INITDB QCDB4

will initialize the QC database, and in the process erase any
previous entered QC data.
ã
KEYBUILDã Rebuilds the specified database key files, and in the process, corrects some
common problems. Copyrighted by Raima Corporation.
Example: KEYBUILD PATSCAN3 or KEYBUILD QCDB4

will rebuild the patient or QC database.
MAINMENU QDR executable program used to initiate the QDR system software's main
menu. Normally used when returning to the system software from the DOS
prompt.
MOTION QDR executable program used to turn motion detection on or off.
Example: MOTION ON or MOTION OFF
MOTORT,
MOTORX,
MOTORY These four QDR program are used to control and monitor the Table, X-axis and
Y-axis drive stepper motors. Written primarily for use by Engineering, they
serve in the field as means for isolating the cause of motor stalling (by
changing the stepping rate), and for monitoring the manual motion request
switches, limit switches and motion counter board outputs.
The MOTORX display, which is typical, is shown below.
Figure 7-1 Typical MotorX Display
ã
To run the X-axis, Y-axis, or table motor and thereby test the motor and its
associated limit switches and motion counter boards, use the cursor keys to
highlight the following lines in the -Motor Control box, entering the value
specified in the table below and pressing <ENTER>.
PARAMETER MOTORX MOTORY MOTORT

Number Of Steps 2000 2000 2000
Slope 180 180 180
Rate 127 50 010
First Rate 003 003 003
Slope Divisor 001 001 001
After all five parameters have been entered, highlight the Command line, press
<Del> to clear the line, then type + or - to determine desired direction of
motion (see table below) and press <Enter>.
COMMAND MOTORX MOTORY MOTORT

+ arm to rear arm left table left
- arm to front arm right table right
Again press <Del> to clear the command line, then type G and press <Enter>
to initiate motion. Observe the Motion line at the bottom of the -Motor Status
box (except in MOTORT): it should change as the arm moves.
Repeatedly pressing <Enter> should cause the arm or table to reach a motion
limit and the CW Limit or CCW Limit status in the -Motor Status box to
change from 0 to 1, indicating proper limit switch operation.
Throwing the arm and table manual control switches should change 0s to 1s in
the -Motor Status box thusly:
SWITCH MOTORX MOTORY MOTORT

arm FORW./BACK switch UP CW SWITCH - -
arm FORW./BACK switch DOWN CCW SWITCH - -
arm LEFT/RIGHT switch LEFT - CW SWITCH -
arm LEFT/RIGHT switch RIGHT - CCW SWITCH -
table LEFT/RIGHT switch LEFT - - CW SWITCH
table LEFT/RIGHT switch RIGHT - - CCW SWITCH
ONDISK QDR utility which checks the hard disk for patient files not currently in the
database, and adds any that it finds. Safe to run anytime.
PAD QDR executable program which allows table, arm and laser on/off control from
the keyboard. Pressing any key 0-4 or 6-9 on the numeric keypad initiates the
indicated action. Pressing <Del> or 5 stops it.
ã
Figure 7-2 Motor and Laser Control Pad
SCANTODB Used when scans are copied to the hard disk via the DOS copy command.
Running SCANTODB will then add them to the QDR database.
Example: SCANTODB \XCDATA\p*.p*
SET DOS command which displays environment variables. Examples are: the
current DOS path, line frequency protocol, Q-numbers, calibration correction
factors, and machine model and serial number.
This command can also be used to enter variables into the DOS environment.
Example: SET DELA=0

will instruct the QDR software to save rather then deleting the
raw scan data file after "post processing".
Example: SET VONLY=1

will cause executable files to display their revision number,
when run from the DOS prompt, rather then executing as they
normally would.
SURVEY2 QDR program which allows the monitoring of the A/D converter, the status of
the HVPS, the system line frequency and the instantaneous Hi/Low signal
values for bone, tissue and air. It also affords on/off control of the X-ray beam
and the filter wheel motor. Please refer to the diagnostic software section for
a complete description of the SURVEY2 program.
TIME DOS command which displays the current time in the computer's clock, and
allows that time to be changed if desired.
ã
WCHKDSKã Corel Systems program which allows the checking of the optical WORM drive
in place of the standard DOS CHKDSK command. The WCHKDSK program
performs two separate functions depending on the optional parameter selected.
Using the /F or no option will cause the program to operate as a DOS CHKDSK
replacement. If you use the /R option the program operates as a quick cartridge
check & repair utility. The format for the WCHKDSK program is as follows:
WCHKDSK d: [/F] [/R] [/RL]
where,
d: is the drive to be tested, which must have an inserted cartridge,

and is typically drive E: on the QDR-1500.
/F is an optional parameter, required to tell the program to write

any corrections to the cartridge, as well as to inform DOS of
the actual space available on the cartridge.
/R is an optional parameter, to tell the program to perform a quick

validity check of the cartridge rather than run the full
WCHKDSK program, which can take several minutes. You will
be prompted to confirm if you want to write any corrections to
the cartridge.
/RL is an optional parameter that performs the same function as the

/R option, but does so in a slower more exhaustive manner and
should be used if the /R fails to fix the cartridge.
Note that the WCHKDSK locks the door of the optical disk drive when the
program starts up (if the drive supports locking), and unlocks it again when it is
finished running.
Please refer to the Corel Systems Corporation Optical Disk manual for a more
detailed explanation of this and other command. Copyrighted by Corel
Systems Corporation.
WDIAGSã Corel Systems program which performs diagnostic test of the Optical Disk
Drive and interface. It provides a method of determining whether or not
problems exist in the WORM system. The format for the WDIAGS program is
as follows:
WDIAGS d: [/W] [/Ln]
where,
d: is the drive to be tested, which must have an inserted cartridge,

and is typically drive E: on the QDR-1500.
ã
/W is an optional parameter requesting that a single write test be

performed on the cartridge (regardless of the loop count). The
program will ensure the cartridge is mounted before performing
its tests.
/L is an optional parameter specifying that the diagnostics are to

be run continuously until a key is hit on the keyboard (if n is not
specified) or n interactions if specified.
Please refer to the Corel Systems Corporation Optical Disk manual for a more
detailed explanation of this and other command. Copyrighted by Corel
Systems Corporation.
7.4 DIAGNOSTIC SOFTWARE

THE SURVEY PROGRAM
For safety reasons, the system software normally monitors X-axis and Y-axis carriage
motion during a scan, and shuts down the X-ray source if motion failure is detected on either
axis. For testing and troubleshooting, however, service personnel must occasionally
generate X-rays without carriage motion. The SURVEY2 program allows this to be done,
and also enables the service technician to monitor and set certain status registers.
The SURVEY2 program can only be initiated from the DOS prompt. One must therefore
exit from the QDR-1500 menu software by simultaneously pressing <Alt> <F1>. At the
DOS prompt, type SURVEY2 and press <Enter>.
NOTE: There are different versions of SURVEY for each QDR model. Even though there
are many similarities between them, the description that follows is relevant only to the
version for the QDR-1500.
X-ray ON indicator
Readback Registers
Settings Registers
16 Bit Binary Data

from A/D PC Board
High and Low energy

Detector Number Selector
levels coming through
Filter Wheel Segments
Incrementing Counters
Selected Collimator Collimator Position Selector

Selected PMT Voltage PMT Voltage Selection
Page Up & Page Down

Keys used to move Function Key Descriptions
the Detector Array
Home Key
ã
Figure 7-3 SURVEY2 Program
CAUTION: The SURVEY2 program bypasses the X-ray source shutdown safety
feature. Be especially careful not to get hands, head or any other body parts in the X-
ray beam path when running the SURVEY2 program.
SURVEY2 has two functions: display and control. It can display registers which report the
status of the Motor & Drive (M&D) and Analog-to-Digital (A/D) Converter boards. It can
also let the service technician control the X-ray beam and filter motor, select PMT bias
voltages, and choose to display Hi/Low energy levels as either A/D numbers or voltages.
SURVEY2 responds to the following function keys:
FUNCTION KEYS DESCRIPTION

<F1> X-rays ON Turns ON X-rays. Note that the X-rays will not come on if
either the Emergency status register is in fault (ON) or if any
of the three incrementing counters are non-zero.
<F2> X-rays OFF Turns OFF X-rays. Pressing either the Emergency stop button
or the <Esc> key on the keyboard will also turn off the X-
rays.
<F3> Gains Flat Turns OFF the dynamic gain in the Analog to Digital (A/D) PC
board. The Low Bone, Tissue and Air values are true
representations of the low energy striking the selected
detector.
<F4> Gains Changing Turns ON the dynamic gain in the Analog to Digital (A/D) PC
board. The Low Bone, Tissue and Air values are amplified by a
factor of 4.
<F5> Wheel ON Turns ON the filter wheel motor.
<F6> Wheel OFF Turns OFF the filter wheel motor.
<F7> Array to PMT 1 QDR-2000 function. If used will cause Survey to abort after
attempt to control the motor fails.
<F8> Array to PMT 17 QDR-2000 function. If used will cause Survey to abort after
attempt to control the motor fails.
<F9> Raw Data Causes the Low Bone, Tissue and Air values to be displayed in
the raw A/D numeric format (in the range of 0-65535.)
<F10> Voltage Data Causes the Low Bone, Tissue and Air values to be displayed in
the voltage format (in the range of 0-10 Volts.)
<Page Up> No effect.
ã
<Page Down> No effect.
The following registers display readback information from the Motor & Drive (M&D) board
and Analog to Digital (A/D) converter board.
REGISTER DISPLAY DESCRIPTION

Chopper 0 or 1 Filter Wheel Pickoff pulses are detected.
0=no pickoff pulse detected.

1=pickoff pulse detected.
Hi/Lo 0 or 1 Cycles at AC line frequency between 0 and 1 as positive and

negative line voltage half-cycles are detected.
Interlock ON or OFF Currently displays the same status that the Emergency
register does.
Emergency ON or OFF ON when either of the red EMERGENCY STOP buttons is

pushed in or the key switch is OFF (emergency status
enabled).
OFF when both red EMERGENCY STOP switches are

pulled out and the key switch is turned to the ON position
(normal operation).
HiVoltage ON or OFF ON when X-rays are on.
OFF when no X-rays are being generated.
(NOTE: This is the "readback" register, complement to the

"setting" register.)
A/D 16 Individual The binary output of the Analog to Digital (A/D) Converter
Readback Bits, each 0 board. The bits are displayed in two colors:
or 1
RED = The bit has not changed state since SURVEY2 was
started (or reset by the <Home> key).
GREEN = The bit has changed state at least once since

SURVEY2 was started or was last reset by the <Home> key.
Pressing the <Home> key resets all the bits back to red.
This can be helpful in finding "stuck" bits.
The following six registers display the detected amplitude of the dual energy (Hi-140kVp
and Low-70kVp) X-ray pulses after passing through the three filter wheel segments. The
information can be displayed either as A/D "raw" numbers (0-65535) or voltage (0-10.0
Volts). Function key <F9> selects A/D numbers and <F10> selects voltages.
ã

Hi Bone Hi energy X-ray pulse through bone segment.
Lo Bone Low energy X-ray pulse through bone segment.

Number
Hi Tissue Hi energy X-ray pulse through tissue segment.
or
Lo Tissue Low energy X-ray pulse through tissue segment.
Voltage
Hi Air Hi energy X-ray pulse through air segment.
Lo Air Low energy X-ray pulse through air segment.
NOTE: The A/D "raw" number displayed by SURVEY2 is inverted relative to the voltage
level outputed by the detectors (65535=0 Volts and 00000=10.0 Volts). The higher the
"raw" number, the fewer X-rays that are hitting the detector. Readings that reach either
extreme (0 or 10 Volts, 65535 or 00000) indicate something wrong with the unit.
The following registers indicate the results of operator commands to the detector,
collimator and PMT voltage programmer. The selections are made using the function keys
or by entering numeric values through the keyboard.

WarmUp ON or OFF Normal state is OFF and should only be ON for
approximately 3-5 seconds while the X-rays are coming on
or going off.
HiVoltage ON or OFF The first of two registers used to enable the generation of
X-rays.
ON when X-rays are desired (press <F1>).

OFF when no X-rays are desired (press <F2>).
X-ray Enable ON or OFF The second of two registers required to enable the
generation of X-rays.
ON when X-rays are desired (press <F1>).

OFF when no X-rays are desired (press <F2>).
Calibration ON or OFF Fixed ON.
S/W Debug ON or OFF Defaults to OFF. A flag used by programmers. Not used by
Field Service.
Filter Wheel ON or OFF Indicates the status of the filter wheel motor drive circuitry.
<F5> turns the filter wheel motor ON.

<F6> turns the filter wheel motor OFF.
ã
Frequency 50 Hz or 60 Indicates the line frequency as determined by the Motor &

Hz Drive (M&D) board.
Collimator 1-16 Enter a collimator position number.

Setting
NOTE: Even though there are 16 possible collimator
positions, only 4 are presently used by QDR-1500.
Collimator 1-16 Reports the selected collimator position as decoded by the

Readback Geneva/Collimator position encoder PC board.
PMT Voltage 0-255 Enter a voltage level to bias the PMT detectors.
Setting
NOTE: The number entered is converted by the PMT
Voltage programmer and corresponds to -4.0 Volts per
increment of this number (e.g., an entry of 100 would
produce -400 Volts at the PMT detectors).
PMT Voltage 0-255 Reports the corresponding selected voltage level set for the
Readback PMT detectors.
As noted above, this number is not the voltage level on the

PMTs but a converted representation.
ã
SURVEY2 also has three counters which increment when there is a filter wheel pickoff
error or a Hi/Low phasing fault.
All three of these counters must be at zero before X-rays can be produced. The counters
can be reset only by exiting SURVEY2 (pressing <Esc>), and then restarting the program.

Pickoff Out 0 or a Increments if the filter wheel pickoff is out of phase with
Of Phase decimal the AC line. i.e., if the pickoff pulse occurs during the
number negative half cycle of the AC line.
If the Pickoff Out of Phase counter is incrementing, the

filter wheel can be phased manually by alternately pressing
<F5> and <F6> until the wheel is in phase and the counter
stops incrementing. Long filter wheel motor off times
improve the chances of the wheel synchronizing with the
positive half-cycle of the AC line when restarted.
No Filter 0 or a Increments if the pickoff pulse is not detected. This can be

Wheel decimal due to a fault in the pickoff circuitry or a stationary filter
Pickoff number wheel (e.g., the filter wheel has been turned off via the
<F6> function key).
Hi-Lo Out Of 0 or a Increments if the Hi-Low pulse sequence (as monitored by

Sequence decimal the Motor & Drive board) disagrees with the computer's
number expectations.
ã
INDEX
INDEX
DBCHECK©
defined, 7-14
A DBMAN
ALIGNMENT defined, 7-14
X-ray beam, 3-10 DETECTORS, 2-13
AUTOSCAN DIAGRAM
defined, 7-11 Q image plot, 2-4, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 4-5, 4-6
using, 7-11 system block, 2-2
AVRSCAN DIMENSIONS
defined, 7-13 minimum entrance, 1-8
overall QDR-2000, 1-8, 2-2, 4-1
room size, 3-2
DISPLAY ADAPTER, 2-8
B Paradise VGA, 2-9
BACK2 Supercom VGA, 2-9
defined, 7-13 Unique VGA, 2-10
using, 3-13
BACKLASH
correcting, 3-13
BMC E
defined, 2-1 ENVIRON.BAT
BMD file, 3-14
defined, 2-1 Error Messages, 6-6
C F
CALIBRATION, 3-14 FILTER WHEEL
CHECKPART phasing, 3-8
defined, 7-13 FLOPPY DRIVE, 2-8
CHKDSK
defined, 7-13
COMPUTER, 2-7 G
CMOS SETUP, 2-7 GENEVA POSITION ENCODER, 2-29
diagnostics, 2-7 schematic, 2-30
hard disk type, 2-7
CONNECTOR
Transition Panel, 3-6 H
CONTACTING HOLOGIC, 1-1 HARD DRIVE, 2-8
COUNTRY HVPS/Source, 2-27
defined, 7-14
I
D INITDB©
d0 defined, 7-14
defined, 2-4 INVENTORY
DATABASE installation, 3-4
protection of customer's, 7-1
restoring the QC database, 7-5
DATE
defined, 7-14
K
ã
Revision A Copyright 1992 by Hologic, Inc. All rights reserved Index-1
k POWER SUPPLY
defined, 2-3 24V DC, 2-32
KEYBUILD© 5V DC, 2-31
defined, 7-15 low voltage, 2-31
PRINTER, 2-12
HP DeskJet, 2-12, 2-13
L HP PaintJet, 2-13
LASER Mitsubishi video printer, 2-12
offset, 3-10 PROBLEM
arcing in the HVPS\Source, 6-5
data storage & retrieval, 6-4, 6-5
imaging/X-ray generation, 6-1, 6-2
M localization, 6-1
MAINSTUB miscellaneous, 6-5
defined, 7-15 motion, 6-3
MAINTENANCE noise, 6-4
customer preventive, 5-1 precision, 6-2
field service preventive, 5-1
general, 5-2
MONITOR, 2-10, 2-11
MOTION Q
Defined, 7-15 Q
MOTION CONTROL, 2-29 defined, 2-3
top panel, 2-29 image, 2-3
MOTION COUNTER, 2-30
MOTOR & DRIVE, 2-13
board layout, 2-15 R
connector pin-out, 2-16 RADIATION
MOTORT:, 7-15 checking HVPS/Source, 3-10
MOTORX dose to patient, 3-14
display, 7-15 scatter from phantom, 3-14
MOTORX:, 7-15
MOTORY, 7-15
S
SAFETY
O ELECTRICAL, 1-3
ONDISK LASER, 1-4
defined, 7-16 MECHANICAL, 1-4
OPTICAL DRIVE, 2-8 OPERATOR AND PATIENT, 1-4
RADIATION, 1-3
SERVICE PERSONNEL, 1-4
P SCANTODB
P.D.P. CONNECTOR PIN-OUT, 2-33 defined, 7-17
PAD SET
defined, 7-16 defined, 7-17
display, 7-17 SETUP
PICKOFF ADJUSTMENT PROCEDURE, 4-1 tipping the unit, 3-5
PMTVOLTS SOFTWARE
running, 3-12 complete installation, 7-6
POWER file organization, 7-7
distribution panel, 2-32 installing options, 7-5
isolation transformer, 3-6, 3-8 installing upgrades, 7-6
Requirements, 1-6 maintenance, service and diagnostic, 7-10
SPECIFICATIONS, 1-6
ã
Index-2 Copyright 1992 by Hologic, Inc. All rights reserved Revision A
INDEX
SURVEY W
counters, 7-24 WCHKDSK©
function keys, 7-20 defined, 7-18
readback display registers, 7-21 using, 7-18
SURVEY2 WDIAGS©
defined, 7-17 defined, 7-18
SURVEY2 PROGRAM, 7-19 using, 7-18
T X
TABLE BELT X-RAY
path diagram, 2-39 BEAM ALIGNMENT CHECK, 4-9
TIME PEAK POTENTIAL CHECK, 4-4
defined, 7-17 TUBE CURRENT PEAK POTENTIAL
TOOLS CHECK, 4-6
recommended, 3-1 X-RAY CONTROLLER, 2-24
TRANSITION ADJUSTING X-RAY PULSE ENERGIES, 4-
Connector Panel Pin-out, 2-34 11
block diagram, 2-24
board assembly, 2-25
U connector pin-out, 2-26
UNCRATING testing, 2-26
C-arm, 3-3 timing diagram, 2-25
main QDR, 3-2 X-RAY TUBE
current check, 3-9
kVp potential, 3-9
ã
Revision A Copyright 1992 by Hologic, Inc. All rights reserved Index-3
Appendix A - Parts List and Assembly Drawings
APPENDIX A
PARTS LIST AND ASSEMBLY DRAWINGS
A.1 GENERAL
SERVICE PHILOSOPHY
The QDR-1500 was designed to be serviced to the Field Replaceable Unit (FRU) level.
RETURNED MATERIAL AUTHORIZATIONS
All defective and suspected boards and subassemblies should be returned to Hologic, Inc. for
replacement or repair. A Returned Material Authorization (RMA) number (issued by Hologic
Field Service) must be marked on the outside of any carton containing returned defective or
suspect boards or subassemblies. Goods arriving at Hologic without an RMA number will not be
accepted, and will be returned unopened to the sender.
COMPONENT SUBSTITUTIONS
The QDR-1500 is a certified diagnostic X-ray system, and because the use of substitute components
could adversely affect measurement accuracy, system performance or system safety, no component
substitutions of any kind are permitted without the express written consent of Hologic, Inc. Such
substitutions, if made, may void the product warranty and cause Hologic to refuse to support the
equipment. They may also constitute a violation of law.
SOFTWARE MODIFICATION OR SUBSTITUTIONS
The QDR-1500 is a certified diagnostic X-ray system. Therefore, no additions or modifications to

the disk operating system or any part of its system, option or utility software may be made
without the express written consent of Hologic Inc. Such additions or modifications may
constitute a violation of law, and could adversely affect measurement accuracy, system
performance or system safety. If made, they may void the product warranty and cause Hologic to
refuse to support the equipment.
ã
Revision A Copyright 1992 by Hologic, Inc. All rights reserved A-1
A.2 QDR-1500 PARTS LIST AND ASSEMBLY DRAWINGS
The following tables and assembly drawings provide the information necessary to identify and
order the correct part. The tables provide part numbers, descriptions, drawing number and item
number (on that drawing) for each part. Note that not all part numbers are pictured, and part
numbers are not provided for all drawing item numbers (only those drawing items that are FRU
parts).
PART NUMBER TO DRAWING TABLE
Use the following tables when you know the part number, and you want to locate the part on an
assembly drawing.
Main Assemblies
Drawing Item
Part Number Description Number Number
010-0443 QDR-1500 X-ray Tank and Arm Assy 010-0454-AD 40
010-0457 Detector Assy 010-0492-AD 1
020-0115 Isolation Transformer 010-0449-AD 16
Computer Parts and Accessories

Drawing Item
010-0453 486/25 MHz computer with Floppy Drive and Hard 010-0454-AD 41
Drive
120-0015 Monitor, 14" SVGA 010-0454-AD 2
120-0044 Keyboard, 101 key 010-0454-AD 1
130-0019 VGA Display Adapter 010-0453-AD 4
130-0020 Printer Buffer, 256K (External)
130-0021 Optical Disk Drive, Internal Half Height
130-0038 Floppy Drive, 1.2Mb 5.25"
130-0044 Hard Drive, 120Mb 3.5"
131-0047 AT Bus Interface Assy 010-0453-AD 3
140-0037 SCSI Interface PCB Assy
PC Boards
Drawing Item
131-0030 Motor and Drive PCB Assy 010-0451-AD 47
Limit Switch PCB Assy (5 per)
131-0051 A/D Converter PCB Assy 010-0492-AD 2
131-0052 Motion Counter PCB Assy 010-0459-AD 39
010-0460-AD 39
140-0039 Motion Switch PCB Front Assy
140-0040 Motion Switch PCB Top Assy
150-0001 X-ray Controller PCB Assy 010-0443-AD 93
Geneva Assembly
Drawing Item
010-0386 Filter Wheel Assy
010-0484 Geneva Assembly 010-0443-AD 60
131-0027 Collimator Position PCB Top Assy 010-0484-AD 1
ã
A-2 Copyright 1992 by Hologic, Inc. All rights reserved Revision A
131-0028 Collimator Position PCB Bottom Assy 010-0484-AD 2

250-0007 Filter Wheel Bearing 010-0484-AD 22
321-0026 Geneva Motor Assy 010-0484-AD 27
Power Supply's
Drawing Item
101-0018 5V/9A Power Supply Assy 010-0449-AD 58
101-0020 28V X+Y Power Supply Assy 010-0449-AD 75
101-0243 24V Power Supply Assy 010-0449-AD 11
101-0244 15/5V Low Voltage Power Supply Assy 010-0449-AD 12
Electric\Electronic Parts
Drawing Item
010-0158 Stepper Translator Assy 010-0449-AD 24
010-0380 Filter Wheel Pickoff Sensor Assy 010-0484-AD 31
010-0493 Laser Diode Assy, Solid State 010-0492-AD 4
Mechanical Parts
Drawing Item
010-0436 Assy, Idler Pulley 010-0443-AD 43
010-0459 Assy, X-Drive Lead Screw 010-0478-AD 10
010-0460 Assy, Y-Drive Lead Screw 010-0449-AD 28
010-0477 Assy, Disk Motion Detector 010-0459-AD 38
010-0460-AD 38
010-0492 Assy, Laser/Detector Mounting 010-0443-AD 107
030-0590 Pulley, Double Timing Lat
295-0179 Clip, Tinnerman
Motors
Drawing Item
010-0481 X-axis Stepper Motor Assy
010-0487 Y-axis Stepper Motor Assy
320-0011 Step Motor 010-0459-AD 17
010-0460-AD 17
321-0022 Table Stepper Motor Assy 010-0449-AD 10
321-0032 Filter Wheel Motor Assy 010-0444-AD 6
Relays/Transformers
Drawing Item
360-0001 Relay, Dip 5v
370-0017 Transformer, 24v 010-0456-AD 6
475-0001 Relay, Solid State 120vac 10a 010-0456-AD 16
475-0002 Relay, 24 Volt DPDT 010-0456-AD 18
Fans
Drawing Item
331-0005 Box Fan Assy 010-0444-AD 7
ã
Switches
Drawing Item
131-0036 Assy, Limit Switch 010-0449-AD 4
010-0478-AD 8
465-0001 Switch, Pow 010-0456-AD 14
465-0002 Switch, Emergency Stop
465-0005 Microswitch, Table Limit Switch (3 per) 010-0451-AD 74
010-0484-AD 28
465-0006 Switch, Key 010-0456-AD 15
465-0008 Switch, Proximity
465-0009 Switch, Magnet Proximity
465-0010 Switch, Dpdt Pb
Belts
Drawing Item
255-0008 Table Belt 010-0451-AD 9
255-0010 Idler Pulley Belt 010-0443-AD 5
255-0011 Filter Wheel Belt 010-0484-AD 24
255-0019 9mm Timing Belt 010-0459-AD 24
010-0460-AD 24
Lamps
Drawing Item
485-0002 Lamp, Neon Amber 010-0483-AD 14
485-0003 Lamp, Led Green
485-0011 Lamp, Neon Green 010-0456-AD 32
485-0025 Lamp, Led Green 010-0456-AD 51
Cables
Drawing Item
180-0150 Cable, Detector
181-0006 Cable, Filter Pick-Off Inter
181-0008 Cable, Motion Control Interior
181-0009 Cable, Power Array Motor
181-0013 Cable, AC Power To LVPS + PMT
181-0015 Cable, A/D Signal Interior
181-0016 Cable, Power Wheel/Coll/X-Ray
181-0019 Cable, Signal X-Ray Control
181-0024 Cable, Pwr Laser/Postcol/Stp
181-0025 Cable, A/D Signal
181-0027 Cable, 24v Power To Dist Panel
181-0031 Cable, X Trans Signal
181-0032 Cable, Y Trans Signal
181-0033 Cable, T Trans Signal
181-0034 Cable, A Trans Signal
181-0035 Cable, Power MAD+PMT HV Prog
181-0036 Cable, Geneva Position Inter
181-0037 Cable, Geneva Position
181-0043 Cable, Xfmr Secondary
181-0044 Cable, T Limit Left + Right
181-0048 Cable, Motor Y Axis
ã
181-0049 Cable, Motor Table Axis

181-0050 Cable, Motor X Axis
181-0053 Cable, AC Power To Stepper (S)
181-0055 Cable, Power Motion X
181-0056 Cable, Power Motion X+Y
181-0058 Cable, Assy X-Motion Interior
181-0066 Cable, Assy Motion Control
181-0067 Cable, Assy Mot Cont Extension
181-0069 Cable Assembly, Laser Power
181-0070 Cable, Assy Pwr Whl Cl+X-Ray
181-0071 Cable Assembly, X-Ray Control
181-0072 Cable, Assy X-Ray On Fan+Power
181-0078 Cable, Y Limit Switch
181-0079 Cable, X Limit Switch
181-0080 Cable, X Intermediate Limit
181-0085 Cable, X-Ray Controller Intrfc
181-0086 Cable, Y Motion Signal
181-0087 Cable, X-Motion Intermediate
181-0088 Cable, X-Motion Signal
181-0090 Cable, Fan
181-0091 Cable, CPU In
181-0092 Cable, HV Transfer
181-0095 Cable, 5v Stepper Supply
181-0106 Cord, Power AC Input
181-0142 Assy, Cable Emer Stop
300-0066 Outlet Strip, IEC
DRAWING TO PART NUMBER TABLE
Use the following tables when you know the drawing and item number, and you want to identify
the part number and description.
Drawing Item
Number Number Part Number Description
010-0443-AD 5 255-0010 Idler Pulley Belt

43 010-0436 Assy, Idler Pulley
60 010-0484 Geneva Assembly
93 150-0001 X-ray Controller PCB Assy
107 010-0492 Assy, Laser/Detector Mounting
010-0444-AD 6 321-0032 Filter Wheel Motor Assy

7 331-0005 Box Fan Assy
010-0449-AD 4 131-0036 Assy, Limit Switch

10 321-0022 Table Stepper Motor Assy
11 101-0243 24V Power Supply Assy
12 101-0244 15/5V Low Voltage Power Supply Assy
16 020-0115 Isolation Transformer
24 010-0158 Stepper Translator Assy
28 010-0460 Assy, Y-Drive Lead Screw
58 101-0018 5V/9A Power Supply Assy
75 101-0020 28V X+Y Power Supply Assy
010-0451-AD 9 255-0008 Table Belt

47 131-0030 Motor and Drive PCB Assy
74 465-0005 Microswitch, Table Limit Switch (3 per)
ã
010-0453-AD 3 131-0047 AT Bus Interface Assy

4 130-0019 VGA Display Adapter
010-0454-AD 1 120-0044 Keyboard, 101 key

2 120-0015 Monitor, 14" SVGA
40 010-0443 QDR-1500 X-ray Tank and Arm Assy
41 010-0453 486/25 MHz computer with floppy drive and hard
drive
010-0456-AD 6 370-0017 Transformer, 24v

14 465-0001 Switch, Pow
15 465-0006 Switch, Key
16 475-0001 Relay, Solid State 120vac 10a
18 475-0002 Relay, 24 volt DPDT
32 485-0011 Lamp, Neon Green
51 485-0025 Lamp, Led Green
ã
Drawing Item
Number Number Part Number Description
010-0459-AD 17 320-0011 Step Motor

24 255-0019 9mm Timing Belt
38 010-0477 Assy, Disk Motion Detector
39 131-0052 Motion Counter PCB Assy
010-0460-AD 17 320-0011 Step Motor

24 255-0019 9mm Timing Belt
38 010-0477 Assy, Disk Motion Detector
39 131-0052 Motion Counter PCB Assy
010-0478-AD 8 131-0036 Assy, Limit Switch

10 010-0459 Assy, X-Drive Lead Screw
010-0483-AD 14 485-0002 Lamp, Neon Amber
010-0484-AD 1 131-0027 Collimator Position PCB Top Assy

2 131-0028 Collimator Position PCB Bottom Assy
22 250-0007 Filter Wheel Bearing
24 255-0011 Filter Wheel Belt
27 321-0026 Geneva Motor Assy
28 465-0005 Microswitch, Table Limit Switch (3 per)
31 010-0380 Filter Wheel Pickoff Sensor Assy
010-0492-AD 1 010-0457 Detector Assy

2 131-0051 A/D Converter PCB Assy
4 010-0493 Laser Diode Assy, Solid State
ã

Hologic QDR 1500 - Service Manual

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Hologic QDR 1500 - Service Manual

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MODEL QDR -1500

WHOLE BODY X-RAY BONE DENSITOMETER

Hologic Inc. Phone (617) 890-2300

Document # 080- 0396

Date: Revision: Description:

2.0 THEORY OF OPERATIONS....................................................................................2-1

X-RAY CONTROLLER CONNECTOR PIN-OUT ASSIGNMENTS.............................2-26

4.0 TEST AND ALIGNMENT PROCEDURES..............................................................4-1

5.0 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE..............................................................................5-1

6.0 PROBLEM ISOLATION...........................................................................................6-1

Figure 2-1 System Block Diagram................................................................................................................2-2

Figure 2-2 Q Image Plot.................................................................................................................................2-4

Figure 2-3 QDR-1500 Pencil-Beam Geometry ...........................................................................................2-6

Figure 2-4 Paradise VGA Display Adapter (PVGA) ...................................................................................2-9

Figure 2-5 Supercom VGA Display Adapter (ZPVGA) ...............................................................................2-9

Figure 2-6 Unique VGA Display Adapter (MVGA-P1C) ............................................................................2-10

Figure 2-7 AT Bus Interface ..........................................................................................................................2-11

Figure 2-8 Motor & Drive PC Board Assembly..........................................................................................2-15

Figure 2-10 X-ray Controller Block Diagram .............................................................................................2-24

Figure 2-11 X-ray Controller Timing Diagram............................................................................................2-25

Figure 2-12 X-ray Controller Board Assembly...........................................................................................2-25

Figure 2-13 X-ray controller waveforms .....................................................................................................2-27

Figure 2-14 ADC Board.................................................................................................................................2-28

Figure 2-15 Motion Control Panel ...............................................................................................................2-29

Figure 2-16 Geneva Wheel Position Encoder Schematic...........................................................................2-30

Figure 2-17 Power Distribution Panel Block Diagram...............................................................................2-33

Figure 2-18 Table Belt Path (viewed from the front)..................................................................................2-39

Figure 3-1 Transition Connector Panel (side of C-arm) ............................................................................ 3-6

Figure 3-2 Isolation Transformer ................................................................................................................. 3-8

Figure 3-3 Laser Offset Dimension ............................................................................................................. 3-11

Figure 3-4 Sample PMTVOLTS.TXT File................................................................................................... 3-12

Figure 3-5 "Backlash" Phenomenon.............................................................................................................. 3-13

Figure 4-1 Filter Motor, Timing Marks ....................................................................................................... 4-1

Figure 4-2 Filter Motor, Side View.............................................................................................................. 4-1

Figure 4-4 PICK and SYNC Pulses .............................................................................................................. 4-3

Figure 4-5 kVp Test points on HVPS/Source .............................................................................................. 4-4

Figure 4-6 kVp Test points on X-ray Controller Board.............................................................................. 4-5

Figure 4-7 Tube kV Peak Potential ............................................................................................................... 4-6

Figure 4-8 Tube Current Test points on HVPS/Source............................................................................... 4-7

Figure 4-10 Tube Current Peak Potential .................................................................................................... 4-8

Figure 7-1 Typical MotorX Display ............................................................................................................. 7-15

Figure 7-2 Motor and Laser Control Pad..................................................................................................... 7-17

Figure 7-3 SURVEY2 Program..................................................................................................................... 7-20

1.2 PROPRIETARY INFORMATION NOTICE

1.3 WARRANTY NOTICE

1.4 CONTACTING HOLOGIC FOR SUPPORT

Phone: (617) 890-2300

or, from locations in the US only: (800) 343-XRAY (800-343-9729)

the Hologic factory FAX number is: (617) 890-8031

1.5 LICENSE REQUIREMENTS

The High Voltage Power Supply/Source (HVPS/S) assembly is a sealed

The QDR-1500 X-ray Bone Densitometer incorporates a computer-controlled

LASER RADIATION HAZARDS

PROTECTION OF SERVICE PERSONNEL

PROTECTION OF OPERATOR AND PATIENT

1.8 REFERENCE MATERIAL

COMPUTER OPERATOR'S MANUAL

DOS OPERATING SYSTEM MANUAL

OPTICAL DISK DRIVE MANUAL

Calibration: self-calibrating using Hologic Automatic Internal

Standard Configuration - Hardware:

MACHINE AND ROOM DIMENSIONS

Figure 1-1 Room Layout

MINIMUM ENTRANCE CLEARANCE