Notion: LONG

For most of the reactions that we have discussed so far, you may have assumed
that once reactants are converted to products, they are likely to remain that way. In
fact, however, virtually all chemical reactions are reversible to some extent. That
is, an opposing reaction occurs in which the products react, to a greater or lesser
degree, to reform the reactants. Eventually, the forward and reverse reaction rates
become the same, and the system reaches chemical equilibrium, the point at
which the composition of the system no longer changes with time. So chemical
equilibrium is a dynamic process. Now we will talk about the application of
chemical equilibrium.

TOÀN:

Crystal violet lactone is a substance that is both photosensitive and heat sensitive .
The lactone ring is broken and the oxygen is separated from the central carbon in
an acidic and bright environment. A planar carbocation that is resonance stabilized
and connected by π systems of aromatic rings and amino functional groups
constitutes the present trivalent site. The colorless solution changes to purple as a
result of this reaction.

THI:

Photochromism is known as the reversible transformation of a chemical between

two forms by electromagnetic radiation absorption, where the two forms have
different absorption spectra. Simply explained, this is a reversible color change that
occurs in response to light. In particular, when there is light, it will alter its hue to
get darker and restore transparency under diffused light.

TRÚC:

Passive smart fabrics respond to environmental stimuli, such as heat,

light or moisture by changing states useful for a particular application.
The fabric has a special membrane that has microscopic pores that are
20,000 times smaller than a drop of water, making it impossible for
water droplets to pass through. Beside that also has pores which are larger
than water vapor molecules to let perspiration pass through, creating a breathable
material that helps remove perspiration.