N U E V A E C I J A U N I V E R S I T Y O F S C I E N C E A N D T E C H N O L O G Y

C O L L E G E O F A R C H I T E C T U R E

A R 4 6 3 - S P E C I L I Z A T I O N 1
( A R C H I T E C T U R A L C O N S E R V A T I O N )

What is Architectural
Conservation?
G1
Why Does it matter?
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SINDANUM, MERAIA AUDREY TOLENTINO, JASMIN JALEN

SISON, MA. ELIZA VILAR, MA. FATIMA ALOHA BALTERO
TADEO, MICA GACAYAN VILORIA, JOHN LORD BONDOC
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ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION
Architectural conservation describes the process
through which the material, historical, and design
integrity of mankind's built heritage are prolonged
through carefully planned interventions.

Architectural conservation deals with issues of

prolonging the life and integrity of architectural
character, such as form and style, and/or its
constituent materials, such as stone, brick, glass,
metal, and wood.

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PRESERVATION/CONSERVATION vs. RESTORATION

PRESERVATION/CONSERVATION
- were used interchangeably. It refers to the
measures that protect and maintain buildings in their
current state, or would prevent further damage and
deterioration to them.

- two of the main proponents of preservation and

conservation in the 19th century were art critic
John Ruskin and artist William Morris.

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PRESERVATION/CONSERVATION vs. RESTORATION

RESTORATION
- this refers to improving the historical building, and
sometimes even completed, using current day
materials, design, and techniques. In this way it's very
similar to the Modernist architectural theory, except it
doesn't advocate the destruction of ancient structures.
One of the most ardent supporters of restoration in the
19th century was French architect Eugène Viollet-le-Duc.

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COMMON ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION PROBLEMS

ORGANIC MATERIAL
The earliest building materials used by ancient peoples, such as wood and mud, were organic. But were
very susceptible to the two most significant impediments to preservation and conservation: the elements
and life
ENVIRONMENT
Environmental conditions change governing the buildings as the Earth's climate patterns change that
increases the deterioration of the buildings.
POLLUTION
The pollution from corrosive agents in the air has also attributed to this deterioration.
TOURISM
While tourism provides both economical and cultural benefits, it can also be destructive. More tourists
mean greater humidity and water presence, which can lead to erosion

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TREATMENT APPROACHES IN ARCHITECTURAL

CONSERVATION:
PRESERVATION:

DEFINITION:RETAINING ALL HISTORIC ELEMENTS THROUGH

CONSERVATION, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR.

EXAMPLE: PRESERVING THE ORIGINAL ARCHITECTURE, MATERIALS, AND

DESIGN OF AN ANCESTRAL HOUSE IN VIGAN CITY, ENSURING THAT IT
REFLECTS ITS HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE THROUGH SUCCESSIVE
GENERATIONS.

EXAMPLE: THE TOWN OF TAAL IN BATANGAS SHOWCASES WELL-

PRESERVED ANCESTRAL HOUSES, DEMONSTRATING A COMMITMENT TO
MAINTAINING THE ORIGINAL CHARACTER OF THE STRUCTURES.
RESTORATION EFFORTS FOCUS ON USING TRADITIONAL CONSTRUCTION
TECHNIQUES AND MATERIALS TO KEEP THE HISTORICAL ESSENCE INTACT

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TREATMENT APPROACHES IN ARCHITECTURAL

CONSERVATION:
*REHABILITATION:

- DEFINITION: EMPHASIZES RETENTION AND REPAIR BUT ALLOWS FOR

MORE REPLACEMENT, OFTEN WHEN THE PROPERTY IS SIGNIFICANTLY
DETERIORATED.

EXAMPLE: REHABILITATING A COLONIAL-ERA CHURCH IN INTRAMUROS,

MANILA, WHERE DAMAGED SECTIONS ARE CAREFULLY REPAIRED, BUT
SOME ELEMENTS, LIKE DETERIORATED WOODEN BEAMS, MIGHT BE
REPLACED TO ENSURE STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY.

EXAMPLE: AFTER THE DESTRUCTION CAUSED BY TYPHOON HAIYAN IN

2013, REHABILITATION EFFORTS WERE UNDERTAKEN ON HISTORICAL
LANDMARKS, SUCH AS THE SANTO NIÑO CHURCH IN TACLOBAN. WHILE
THE DAMAGED PORTIONS WERE CAREFULLY REPAIRED, CERTAIN
STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS WERE REPLACED TO ENSURE THE BUILDING'S
STABILITY AND SAFETY.

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TREATMENT APPROACHES IN ARCHITECTURAL

CONSERVATION:

RECONSTRUCTION:

- DEFINITION:RECREATING A NON-SURVIVING HISTORIC ENTITY USING

ALL NEW MATERIALS.

- EXAMPLE: RECONSTRUCTING A SPANISH-ERA WATCHTOWER IN BOHOL

THAT WAS DESTROYED IN AN EARTHQUAKE, UTILIZING HISTORICAL
RECORDS AND MATERIALS TO FAITHFULLY RECREATE THE STRUCTURE
WHILE ACKNOWLEDGING THE NEWNESS OF THE MATERIALS.

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TREATMENT APPROACHES IN ARCHITECTURAL

CONSERVATION:

ADAPTIVE REUSE

REFERS TO THE PROCESS OF REUSING AN OLD SITE OR BUILDING FOR A

PURPOSE OTHER THAN WHICH IT WAS BUILT OR DESIGNED FOR. ALONG
WITH BROWNFIELD RECLAMATION, ADAPTIVE REUSE IS SEEN BY MANY AS
A KEY FACTOR IN LAND CONSERVATION AND THE REDUCTION OF URBAN
SPRAWL. HOWEVER ADAPTIVE REUSE CAN BECOME CONTROVERSIAL AS
THERE IS SOMETIMES A BLURRED LINE BETWEEN RENOVATION, FACADISM
AND ADAPTIVE REUSE. IT CAN BE REGARDED AS A COMPROMISE BETWEEN
HISTORIC PRESERVATION AND DEMOLITION.

SAN IGNACIO CHURCH IN INTRAMUROS, MANILA

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TREATMENT APPROACHES IN ARCHITECTURAL

CONSERVATION:

FAÇADISM (OR FAÇADOMY)

IS THE PRACTICE OF DEMOLISHING A BUILDING BUT LEAVING ITS FACADE

INTACT FOR THE PURPOSES OF BUILDING NEW STRUCTURES IN IT OR
AROUND IT.

IRIGA CITY, CAMARINES SUR OLD CITY HALL'S

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TREATMENT APPROACHES IN ARCHITECTURAL

CONSERVATION:

RESTORATION "FOCUSES ON THE RETENTION

OF MATERIALS FROM THE MOST
SIGNIFICANT TIME IN A PROPERTY'S
HISTORY, WHILE PERMITTING THE REMOVAL
OF MATERIALS FROM OTHER PERIODS."

THE MANILA CATHEDRAL

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ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION MATTERS

BOOSTING ARCHITECTURAL IDENTITY

CONSERVATION CAN BOOST THE IDENTITY OF AN ARCHITECTURAL
STRUCTURE AND MAKES THE MOST TANGIBLE REMNANT
THAT WE HAVE ON THE PAST.

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ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION MATTERS

REDUCING CONSTRUCTION TIME AND EFFORT

THE IMPORTANCE OF CONSERVATION IS IT REDUCES
CONSTRUCTION, DEMOLITION WASTE AND USES LESS THAN
HALF THE ENERGY OF NEW CONSTRUCTION.

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TAKING CARE OF THE ENVIRONMENT

PRESERVATION AND ADAPTIVE REUSE OF
EXISTING BUILDINGS IS AN ENVIRONMENTALLY
SUSTAINABLE APPROACH. RETROFITTING
HISTORIC STRUCTURES WITH MODERN
TECHNOLOGIES CAN REDUCE ENERGY
CONSUMPTION AND CARBON EMISSIONS.
ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION MATTERS

IT PROVIDES FOUNDATION FOR

OUR FUTURE
BY UNDERSTANDING ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE,
WE CAN FOSTER A SENSE OF CURIOSITY,
CREATIVITY, AND CRITICAL THINKING IN FUTURE
GENERATIONS.
ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION MATTERS

SIGNIFICANT VALUE

CONSERVING AND PRESERVING THE PROPERTY

ADDS SIGNIFICANT VALUE TO ITS STRUCTURE AND
THE SURROUNDING BUILDINGS.
ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION MATTERS

ATTRACT TOURISM
RETAINING AND CONSERVING MATTERS IN A WAY
THAT THE HISTORIC INTEGRITY OF AN AREA HELPS TO
DRAW A TOURISM AND MAKES BUSINESSES ATTRACT
CUSTOMERS.