Scribd
Upload
99 views2 pages

Understanding Index Laws and Exponents

The document discusses index laws for exponents. There are 5 index laws: 1) Product Rule, 2) Quotient Rule, 3) Power Rule for exponents, 4) Power Rule for products, and 5) Power Rule for quotients. It also discusses how to simplify expressions using these laws and how to express expressions with only positive indices.

Uploaded by

jin.z.jack3
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
99 views2 pages

Understanding Index Laws and Exponents

The document discusses index laws for exponents. There are 5 index laws: 1) Product Rule, 2) Quotient Rule, 3) Power Rule for exponents, 4) Power Rule for products, and 5) Power Rule for quotients. It also discusses how to simplify expressions using these laws and how to express expressions with only positive indices.

Uploaded by

jin.z.jack3
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Class on 05/07/2022

Index Laws
Recall the rules for exponents:

Given that integers 𝑚 and 𝑛 are positive, and where 𝑥 , 𝑦 ≠ 0, we have the five index
laws as shown below:

Product Rule for exponents 𝒙𝒎 × 𝒙𝒏 = 𝒙𝒎+𝒏


Index Law 1

Quotient Rule for exponents 𝑥𝑚


Index Law 2 = 𝑥 𝑚−𝑛
𝑥𝑛

Power Rule for exponents (𝑥 𝑚 )𝑛 = 𝑥 𝑚×𝑛


Index Law 3

Power Rule for a product (𝑥𝑦)𝑛 = 𝑥 𝑛 𝑦 𝑛


Index Law 4

Power Rule for a quotient 𝑥 𝑛 𝑥𝑛


Index Law 5 ( ) = 𝑛
𝑦 𝑦

Additionally:
• 𝑎0 = 1 , where 𝑎 ≠ 0

1
• 𝑎−𝑚 = , where 𝑎 ≠ 0
𝑎𝑚

1
• = 𝑎𝑛
𝑎−𝑛

𝑚 1 𝑚 𝑚
• 𝑎 𝑛 = (𝑎𝑛 ) = ( √𝑎)
𝑛

1
Class on 05/07/2022

Questions
Q1) Simplify each of the following using index laws:
a) 72 × 74 b) 𝑦 2 × 𝑦 × 𝑦 5 c) 𝑥 5 ÷ 𝑥 2

𝑑7
d) 𝑥 3 𝑦 3 × 𝑥 2 𝑦 4 e) f) 4𝑒 4 𝑓 3 × 2𝑒 5 𝑓
𝑑6

𝑥 9 ×𝑥 2 𝑎4 𝑏6
g) 𝑦 5 × 𝑦 4 ÷ 𝑦 3 h) i) ×
𝑥3 𝑏 3 𝑎

6𝑠 6 𝑡 3 9𝑏4 4𝑔2 8𝑘 4 𝑚5 15𝑘𝑚


j) k) × l) ×
14𝑠 5 𝑡 2𝑔 3 3𝑏3 5𝑘𝑚3 4𝑘

Q2) Simplify the following using index laws:


a) (𝑦 6 )2 b) −3(𝑐 2 )5 c) −3𝑝0

d) (𝑦 2 )6 × 𝑦 4 e) 𝑥 2 𝑦 × (𝑥 3 )4 × (𝑦 2 )2 f) (ℎ11 )2 ÷ (ℎ5 )4

2𝑚 5
g) (5𝑐 2 𝑑3 )4 h) −9(𝑝2 𝑞 4 )3 i) ( )
𝑛

2 3 2
−3𝑥 4 3 )2 𝑎3 𝑏 𝑎𝑐 4
j) ( ) k) −2(−2𝑥 𝑦𝑧 l) ( ) ×( )
2𝑦 3 𝑔5 𝑐 𝑏

Q3) Express each of the following with positive indices only:


3
a) 𝑎−7 b) 7𝑟 −2 𝑠 −3 c)
𝑡 −2

You might also like