Unit 6 The Prodigal Son PDF

UNIT 6 THE PRODIGAL SON
Reading
180 GRADE 10 ENGLISH
6A Reading
Pre-reading
1. When you were young, who usually told you stories?

2. What is your favourite story? Why?
3. What kind of stories do you like?
Read the passage.
Once upon a time, there was a very wealthy man. He owned flocks of sheep,
herds of cattle, orchards, vineyards, and wheat farms. He had two sons, Dan
and Ben. Dan, the elder one, was serious, hardworking, and was a great help to
his father. Ben, the younger one, was a happy-go-lucky young man and never
bothered to help his father. All he kept thinking was how to have a good time
with his friends.
One day, he said to his father, “Father, give me my share of the inheritance. I
wish to go to a distant land and lead an independent life.”
“Are you sure you wish to do that? Do you think you’ll make it?”
“Of course, Father,” he answered. I’m sure I’ll succeed.”
“All right then,” said the father and gave Ben whatever the son was entitled
to.
Father and son hugged and kissed each other as was the custom, said
goodbye, and the young man left. He did not even say goodbye to his brother
Dan or the workmen on his father’s land.
In a distant land, Ben led a very free and easy life, just squandering the
money his father gave him. When his money ran out, he sold one piece of
precious jewellery after another he had received from his father. In no time he
became a pauper with nowhere to stay and nothing to eat. He had only the
clothes he was wearing. Then, to keep his body and soul together, he worked as
a swineherd of a wealthy man in that distant land. He became so poor that he
had to eat what the swine were fed with.
“I’m not even half as rich as my father’s workmen,” he often thought sadly. “I
think I should go back to my father, but I’m afraid. He would certainly drive me
away,” he often said to himself.
One day he fell ill. He had nothing to eat, and he was in

rags. He decided to go back to his father and he did.
He was still at a distance from his father’s house when

his father saw him and came rushing towards him. His
father hugged him and kissed him and welcomed him. He called his servants
and said to them, “Some of you, wash my son up and dress him up in the best
of clothing. Some others, go kill the fatted calf and prepare a grand meal. We
shall celebrate.”
Just then, his elder son Dan got back from the orchards
and said, “What’s going on ?” One of the workmen
answered, “Your younger brother is back and your father
is going to celebrate.”
Dan went to his father and said, “Father, why are you doing all this for the
naughty prodigal son? He deserves to be driven out.”
“No, Dan,” said the father, “Yes, your brorher was naughty but he has
repented of his folly and has come back. You lost a brother, and I lost a son, but
now we have found him. We should rejoice and celebrate.”
Just then, his elder son Dan got back from the orchards
and said, “What’s going on ?” One of the workmen
answered, “Your younger brother is back and your father
is going to celebrate.”
Dan went to his father and said, “Father, why are you doing all this for the
naughty prodigal son? He deserves to be driven out.”
“No, Dan,” said the father, “Yes, your brorher was naughty but he has
repented of his folly and has come back. You lost a brother, and I lost a son, but
now we have found him. We should rejoice and celebrate.”
Comprehension
Comprehension
A. Give a short answer to each question below.
1. What did Ben ask for from his father and why?
✓ his share of the inheritance to go to a distant land and lead an independent life
2. What kind of life did Ben lead at a distant land?

✓ a very free and easy life
3. What did Ben have to eat when working as a swineherd?

✓ what the swine were fed with
4. What does the phrase ‘he did’ in line 24 mean?

✓ Ben went back to his father
5. What did Dan think that his brother deserved?

✓ his brother deserved to be driven out
B. Give a full-sentence answer to each question below.

1. The word ‘prodigal’ in the title is similar in meaning to
a. wasting a lot of one’s time
b. spending a large amount of money without thinking of the future
c. having a very good ability
✓ The word ‘prodigal’ in the title is similar in meaning to spending a large amount
of money without thinking of the future.
2. What are the differences between Dan and Ben?

✓ The differences between Dan and Ben are that the former was serious,
hardworking and was a great help to his father while the latter was a happy-
go-lucky young man and never bothered to help his father.
3. What do you think the phrase ‘make it’ in line 8 means?

✓ The words ‘make it’ in line 8 mean ‘whether Ben will be successful in leading a
successful life in a distant land.’
4. What does ‘his’ in line 12 refer to?

✓ The word ‘his’ in line 12 refers to ‘Ben’s.’
5. When Ben ran out of money in a distant land, what did he do?
✓ When Ben ran out of money in a distant land, he sold one piece of precious
jewellery after another he had received from his father.
6. What did Ben think that his father would do to him if he went back home?
✓ Ben thought that his father would certainly drive him away if he went back
home.
7. What did Ben’s father do when he saw his son at a distance?

✓ When Ben’s father saw his son at a distance, he came rushing towards him,
hugged and kissed him and welcomed him.
8. When Ben got home what did his father ask his servants to do?
✓ When Ben got home, his father asked some of his servants to wash his son up
and dress him up in the best of clothing and others to kill the fatted calf and
prepare a grand meal.
9. If you were Dan, how would you feel when your brother, Ben came home?
✓ Sample answer: If I were Dan, I would feel happy although I may be a bit angry
at first, when my brother, Ben came home.
10. If you were the father of Dan and Ben, what would you do when Ben came
back? Why?
✓ Sample answer: If I were the father of Dan and Ben, I would also welcome him
when Ben came back as he finally understood that family was the best.
Vocabulary
6B Vocabulary
Phrasal Verbs with ‘Run’
run after = ပ ြေးလက

ို သ
် ည်။
run down = အ ြေးကန
ို သ
် ည်။
run into sb = ကံအ ြေးပလ ်စ ဆံမ
ို သည်။
Phrasal Verbs run on = ပမ င်ြေးသည်။
run out of = တ်သ ြေးသည်။ ကိုနသ
် ည်။
run over = (က ြေးနှင)် ကကတ်မသည်။
run through = တက်သတ
ို န
် င
ှ ၍
် ကကညသ
် ည်။
1. The mother of three children had to run after them all day.
2. The battery in my clock has run down.
3. I ran into my English teacher at the shopping mall yesterday.
4. Electric cars run on electricity, not gas.
5. We ran out of ice cream at the party, so we had to go and buy some more.
6. She was upset because she ran over a cat while driving home from work.
7. Let me run through the schedule for the tour.
A. Complete the following sentences with the correct forms of the phrasal verbs given
above.
1. After travelling for three hours, our car _______ petrol.
2. The man was driving at top speed when he _______ a dog.
3. I didn’t have time to read the essay thoroughly, so I just _______ it.
4. What sort of fuel does the car _______ ?
5. Last night I _______ a childhood friend of mine at a concert.
6. I can’t use my calculator. I think the battery has _______.
7. While I _______ my cat, I tripped over a stone and fell.
B
1. ran out of 5. ran into
2. ran over 6. run down
3. ran through 7. was running after
4. run on
‘Say’ and ‘Tell’
• say + something
• tell + somebody + something
▪ Mary told me (that) she liked her new dress.

▪ Mary says (that) she likes her new dress.
▪ Can you say good morning in another language?

▪ Can you tell your mother I called?
▪ What did he say to the police? • say to + somebody

▪ What did he tell the police? • tell + somebody
▪ She always says her prayers before going to bed.

• say + hello,
▪ He said goodbye to his friends before he left for
goodbye, prayers
Singapore.
▪ You should never tell a lie. • tell + the truth, a lie,

▪ Come on. You’re good at telling jokes. a joke, a story
B. Complete each sentence, using the correct form of ‘say’ or ‘tell’.

1. Thida _______ she would join us after work.
2. He _______ the police about the car he had lost.
3. Nilar _______ us that she could not come to the party.
4. They _______ us they were going to the museum that afternoon.
5. I agree with what you _______ to some extent.
6. The teacher _______ the children to stop chattering in class.
7. People _______ that girls spend more time worrying about how they look
than boys do.
B
1. said 5. said
2. told 6. told
3. told 7. said
4. told
8. Don’t hesitate to _______ me if you need anything.

9. I _______ the boy a story that made his hair stand on end.
10. I think it’s time for me to _______ what I really think.
11. I just stopped by to _______ hello.
12. He left without _______ goodbye.
13. He needs to carefully _______ them the truth.
14. I wish to _______ ‘thank you’ for all you’ve done for me.
15. Can you please _______ me what time the train leaves?
B
8. tell 12. saying
9. told 13. tell
10. say 14. say
11. say 15. tell
Grammar
6C Grammar
Reported Speech (also Indirect Speech) = တစ်ဆငပ် ြောစကြောား။
1. Zaw Zaw said, “I have been waiting for you for an hour.” (Direct Speech)
❖ Zaw Zaw said that he had been waiting for us for an hour. (Reported Speech)
2. Mee Mee said to me, “Do you find my purse?” (Direct Speech)
❖ Mee Mee asked me if I found her purse. (Reported Speech)
3. The teacher asked Ko Ko, “Why are you absent?” (Direct Speech)
❖ The teacher asked Ko Ko why he was absent. (Reported Speech)
4. Grandma asked me, “Help me find my glasses.” (Direct Speech)

❖ Grandma asked me to help her find her glasses. (Reported Speech)
Reported Speech (၃)မ ြေး ရှတယ်။ Pronoun

1. Statements I
2. Questions You
3. Commands and Requests
ပ ြောင်ား (၃) ပ ြောင်ား

1. Pronoun ပ င်ြေးမယ်။ Verb
2. Verb ပ င်ြေးမယ်။ V1 → V2
3. အခ န် စက ြေးလြေးံို ပတ ါရင် ပ င်ြေးမယ်။ V2 → had + V3
Column A Column B
here → there
this → that
these → those
now → then
today → that day
tonight → that night
yesterday → the day before/ the previous day
ago → before
tomorrow → the next day/ the following day
next month / year → the following month/ year
Statements
said to →told
e.g. He said, “I am doing my homework.”
He said that he was doing his homework.
Reported speech
The teacher said to me, “You are making good progress.” ကဖို ော်ပြရနော် that ကို
သိုုံးသညော်။
The teacher told me that I was making good progress.
Pronoun
I
You
Verb
V1 → V2
V2 → had + V3
A. Change the following into the reported speech.

1. She said, “I travel a lot in my job.” said to →told
✓ She said that she travelled a lot in her job.
2. Mother said, “I don’t see any stranger here.” Reported speech

ကဖို ော်ပြရနော် that ကို
✓ Mother said that she didn’t see any stranger there. သိုုံးသညော်။
3. Ni Ni said, “They have already had their lunch.” Pronoun

I
✓ Ni Ni said that they had already had their lunch. You
4. Thuzar said, “I’m leaving for Nay Pyi Taw tomorrow.” Verb
V1 → V2
✓ Thuzar said that she was leaving for Nay Pyi Taw the next day. V2 → had + V3
5. “I saw a crocodile in the river 10 years ago,” said Su Su.

✓ Su Su said that she had seen a crocodile in the river 10 years said to →told
before.
6. “I have just turned off the light,” said Thuta. Reported speech
ကဖို ော်ပြရနော် that ကို
✓ Thuta said that he had just turned off the light. သိုုံးသညော်။
7. “Mom, I have already done my homework,” said Nilar. Pronoun

I
✓ Nilar told her mom that she had already done her homework. You
8. Zaw Zaw said, “My friends and I are going swimming this Verb
V1 → V2
weekend.” V2 → had + V3
✓ Zaw Zaw said that his friends and he were going swimming that
weekend.
9. Our teacher said, “I want you to concentrate on your studies.”

✓ Our teacher told us that she wanted us to concentrate on our studies.
10. My uncle said, “If you work harder, you will get better grades.”
✓ My uncle told me that if I worked harder, I would get better grades.
Questions
said to → asked
e.g. He said to the new secretary, “Can you type?”
He asked the new secretary if she could type.
Reported speech
“What are you doing, Mg Mg?” said the teacher. ကဖ
ို ော်ပြရနော် if / whether
or question words ကို
The teacher asked Mg Mg what he was doing. သိုုံးသညော်။
Pronoun
I
You
Verb
V1 → V2
V2 → had + V3
B. Change the following into the reported speech.
1. Marlar asked Thuzar, “Have you been to Singapore?” said to → asked
✓ Marlar asked Thuzar if she had been to Singapore.

Reported speech
2. My English teacher said, “Do you want to speak English fluently?” ကဖ
or question words ကို
✓ My English teacher asked me if I wanted to speak English fluently. သိုုံးသညော်။
3. My sister asked me, “What plan do you have today?” Pronoun

✓ My sister asked me what plan I had that day. I
You
4. My father said to me, “Are you willing to work harder?” Verb

✓ My father asked me if I was willing to work harder. V1 → V2
V2 → had + V3
5. “Why are you late again, Myintzu?” asked the teacher.

✓ The teacher asked Myintzu why she was late again. said to → asked
6. Thin Thin asked Ohnmar, “When does the last coach to

Reported speech
Mandalay leave?” ကဖ
✓ Thin Thin asked Ohnmar when the last coach to Mandalay left. or question words ကို
သိုုံးသညော်။
7. The teacher asked Ko Toe, “What is your favourite subject?” Pronoun

✓ The teacher asked Ko Toe what his favourite subject was. I
You
8. Aye Aye said, “Why do you look so sad today?” Verb

✓ Aye Aye asked me why I looked so sad that day. V1 → V2
V2 → had + V3
9. “How often do you take out the trash?” asked my aunt.

✓ My aunt asked me how often I took out the trash.
saw → had seen
10. My neighbour asked me, “Did you see my dog?”

✓ My neighbor asked me if I had seen his dog.
Commands and Requests

said to → told
e.g. Father said, “Htoo Htoo, stop making a noise.”
Father told Htoo Htoo to stop making a noise.
Please ြါ ပ ြုတ။ော်
Grandmother said, “Please bring me a glass of water.” V1 → to V1
Don’t → not to V1
Grandmother asked me to bring her a glass of water.
The guard told us, “Don’t enter this area.” Pronoun

I
The guard told us not to enter that area. You
Verb
V1 → V2
V2 → had + V3
C. Change the following into the reported speech.

1. My uncle warned me, “Don’t waste your time playing online games.” said to → told
✓ My uncle warned me not to waste my time playing online games.
2. His mother told him, “Study harder because this is your last chance.” Please ြါ ပ ြုတော်။
V1 → to V1
✓ His mother told him to study harder because that was his last chance. Don’t → not to V1
3. The man said to the stranger, “Go down the street and then turn left.”
Pronoun
✓ The man told the stranger to go down the street and then turn left. I
You
4. Mother said to me , “Tidy up your bed every day.”

Verb
✓ Mother told me to tidy up my bed every day. V1 → V2
V2 → had + V3
5. “Lend me your camera for a day, Cho Cho,” said her brother.
said to → told
✓ Cho Cho’s brother told her to lend him her camera for a day.
6. “Avoid eating unhealthy food,” said the doctor to her patient. Please ြါ ပ ြုတ။ော်
✓ The doctor told her patient to avoid eating unhealthy food. V1 → to V1
Don’t → not to V1
7. Mother said to me, “Hurry or you’ll be late for school.”

Pronoun
✓ Mother told me to hurry or I would be late for school. I
You
8. Our teacher asked us, “Give your opinion on this statement.”

✓ Our teacher told us to give our opinion on that statement. Verb
V1 → V2
V2 → had + V3
9. My aunt said to us, “Enjoy some fresh strawberries.”

Please ြါ ပ ြုတော်
✓ My aunt told us to enjoy some fresh strawberries.
10. “Please give me a few weeks to make up my mind,” said Nilar to Kyi Pyar.
✓ Nilar told Kyi Pyar to give her a few weeks to make up her mind.
Writing
6E Writing
Write a story of your own. It may be a true story or an imaginary one. You may
use the following prompts.
• What the story is about
• Who the characters are
• When it happened
• What happened
The Real Wealth
• What the story is about

• Who the characters are
• One day, a rich man decided to take his son on a trip to the country. The
wealthy man wanted to show his son how the poor people live so he could
be thankful for his wealth.
• When it happened
• They spent two days on a farm of a very poor family. On their way home, the
rich man asked his son, “How was our trip with this poor family and what did
you learn?”
• What happened
• The son answered, “I saw that we have servants to serve us, but they have
others. We have one dog and they have four. We have imported lanterns in
our gardens and they have stars at night. We buy our food, but they grow
theirs. We have a big pool in our garden, but they have a creek that has no
end. We have large walls to protect us and they have friends to protect
them.” Finally, the son added, “Thanks dad for showing me how poor we
are.”
The Real Wealth
One day, a rich man decided to take his son on a trip to the country. The
wealthy man wanted to show his son how the poor people live so he could be
thankful for his wealth.
They spent two days on a farm of a very poor family. On their way home,
the rich man asked his son, “How was our trip with this poor family and what
did you learn?”
The son answered, “I saw that we have servants to serve us, but they have
others. We have one dog and they have four. We have imported lanterns in our
gardens and they have stars at night. We buy our food, but they grow theirs.
We have a big pool in our garden, but they have a creek that has no end. We
have large walls to protect us and they have friends to protect them.” Finally,
the son added, “Thanks dad for showing me how poor we are.”
____________________ ____________________

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UNIT 6 THE PRODIGAL SON

1. When you were young, who usually told you stories?

Read the passage.

One day he fell ill. He had nothing to eat, and he was in

He was still at a distance from his father’s house when

2. What kind of life did Ben lead at a distant land?

3. What did Ben have to eat when working as a swineherd?

4. What does the phrase ‘he did’ in line 24 mean?

5. What did Dan think that his brother deserved?

B. Give a full-sentence answer to each question below.

2. What are the differences between Dan and Ben?

3. What do you think the phrase ‘make it’ in line 8 means?

4. What does ‘his’ in line 12 refer to?

7. What did Ben’s father do when he saw his son at a distance?

run after = ပ ြေးလက

‘Say’ and ‘Tell’

▪ Mary told me (that) she liked her new dress.

▪ Can you say good morning in another language?

▪ What did he say to the police? • say to + somebody

▪ She always says her prayers before going to bed.

▪ You should never tell a lie. • tell + the truth, a lie,

B. Complete each sentence, using the correct form of ‘say’ or ‘tell’.

8. Don’t hesitate to _______ me if you need anything.

4. Grandma asked me, “Help me find my glasses.” (Direct Speech)

Reported Speech (၃)မ ြေး ရှတယ်။ Pronoun

ပ ြောင်ား (၃) ပ ြောင်ား

A. Change the following into the reported speech.

2. Mother said, “I don’t see any stranger here.” Reported speech

3. Ni Ni said, “They have already had their lunch.” Pronoun

5. “I saw a crocodile in the river 10 years ago,” said Su Su.

7. “Mom, I have already done my homework,” said Nilar. Pronoun

9. Our teacher said, “I want you to concentrate on your studies.”

B. Change the following into the reported speech.

1. Marlar asked Thuzar, “Have you been to Singapore?” said to → asked

✓ Marlar asked Thuzar if she had been to Singapore.

3. My sister asked me, “What plan do you have today?” Pronoun

4. My father said to me, “Are you willing to work harder?” Verb

5. “Why are you late again, Myintzu?” asked the teacher.

6. Thin Thin asked Ohnmar, “When does the last coach to

7. The teacher asked Ko Toe, “What is your favourite subject?” Pronoun

8. Aye Aye said, “Why do you look so sad today?” Verb

9. “How often do you take out the trash?” asked my aunt.

10. My neighbour asked me, “Did you see my dog?”

Commands and Requests

The guard told us, “Don’t enter this area.” Pronoun

C. Change the following into the reported speech.

4. Mother said to me , “Tidy up your bed every day.”

7. Mother said to me, “Hurry or you’ll be late for school.”

8. Our teacher asked us, “Give your opinion on this statement.”

9. My aunt said to us, “Enjoy some fresh strawberries.”

The Real Wealth

• What the story is about

The Real Wealth

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