OUTLINING AND

DEVELOPING AN
ESSAY
dr. Dewi Suryani, MInfectDis
 Learning Outcome
• Students know the purpose of outlining an essay
• Students are able to outline an essay
• Students know the main aspect to develop a paragraph
• Students are able to develop a paragraph
 Outlining an essay: What is it?
1. Shows the organisation of the essay
2. Tell what idea the writer will discuss
3. Shows the sequence of the ideas
ESSAY OUTLINE
 Outlining an essay: What is the
purpose?

1. Shows the writer what to write before actually writing it

2. Helps make the essay well organised and clearly focused
3. Helps the writer not to forget important points
4. Gives structure to the essay
Outlining an essay: Brainstorming
What is the steps?
Grouping of
ideas

There are several different

Thematising
steps to eventually be able
outline an essay. Here is an
example: Structuring the
outline
Evaluating an
outline
Structure of Essay
Trigger

Tulislah esai analitic mengenai bagaimana George Lucas

menggunakan warna untuk merefleksikan karakter dari tokoh
pada Star Wars Trilogy
Introduction
• First sentence in your essay that attracts the reader
to your essay
• It could be an statistic, facts, existing contradiction,
controversy
• Now think of what is the most interesting fact of
your topic that makes you drawn into your essay
Contoh:
• “Warna hitam dan putih sering digunakan untuk
merekfleksikan sifat baik dan buruk pada berbagai
karya cinematografi, termasuk pada film star wars
trilogy”
Introduction
• The thesis statements is important because it
narrows your broad topic into a spesific purpose
• You write a great thesis statement by combining
the goal of your essay with your analysis
• Example:
• “ George Lucas menggunakan warna untuk
merefleksikan karakter dari tokoh tokoh dalam film
Star Wars Trilogy dengan memberikan kostum
warna putih pada tokoh protagonis, kostum warna
hitam pada tokoh antagonis dan kombinasi hitam
dan putih pada tokoh dengan karakter netral”
Introduction

• In every paragraf you need to include brief

statments and examples that supports your
thesis statment.
 Body
• Claim is the topic sentence of a paragraf, it
could be a fact that supports the thesis
• Example
“ Dalam filmnya star war trilogy Lucas
menampilkan kostum warna hitam pada tokoh
dengan sisi jahat......
• This would tell the reader the rest of the
paragraph would be about Star Wars
charchter who wore black.
 Body
• The evidence is what supports the claim and
thesis through detail information that have
been gathered through researching (in your
case the research is the reading part!!).
• Example
“ Setelah kembali dari Jedi, Luke menggunakan
kostum warna hitam saat ia berkonfrontasi untuk
mengetahui kebenaran terkait ayahnya”
 Body
• The connection is the why that follows an
evidence.
• Always explain why a claim is important or
significant
• Example:
“ Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Luke membiarkan
sisi gelap dari dirinya untuk mempengaruhi
pikiran dan perbuatannnya”
 Body
• After you have connected your evidence and
claim, you are ready to move on to the next claim
or paragraf. To do so you must include a logical
transition.
• This transition could be done at the end or prior to
your paragraphs
Example: used in the begining of the next paragraph

“ Hal ini serupa dengan Anakin yang juga tampak

menggunakan kostum warna hitam saat ia dibawah
pengaruh kejahatan”
 Conclusion
“. Sepanjang film Star Wars, simbol visual
menunjukkan karakter baik atau buruk. Sering tokoh
yang protagonis seperti Luke dan Leia, digambarkan
menggunakan kostum warna putih, berbeda
dengan Darth Warder yang menggunakan warna
hitam. Untuk menunjukkan baha Luke juga
mempunyai sis jahat dalam dirinya maka sang
sutradara memnggambarkan adanya transisi warna
pada kostum Luke mulai dari putih dan akhirnya
menjadi hitam di saat dia kehilangan semua sis baik
dalam dirinya. Lucas menggunakan teknik efek
visual ini untuk merefleksikan perjalanan karakter
seseorang tokoh dalam film.”
How to write an outline
DEVELOPING A
PARAGRAPH
Understand the topic

“ Using personal reflection, write a 100 word essay on how rising

food prices are impacting peoples diet”
Brainstorm the topic: Brainstorm 1
Brainstorm the topic: Brainstorm 2
taxonomy
Essay outline
Writing an Introduction
Writing a paragraph for
Body of Essay
 References
• Purnaning et al, Modul Menulis Ilmiah, 2012
Bab IV: Struktur Esai, p.17

• Zemach, D.E & Rumisek, L.A. 2006 Academic Writing

from paragraph to essay, London, Macmillan edition
Chapter 8 : The Structure of an Essay pp 56-62
Chapter 10: Introduction and Conclusion. Pp 71-77