OBJECTIVE Type Questions

[l mark
4. Asquare of side L meters lies in
Multiple Choice Questions plane in aregion, where thex-y
the
1. The magnetic flux linked with the coil (in
Weber) is given by the equation:
is given by B=Bo (2i +3j +4k)T,
is constant. The magnitude of magnetwheicrefelB.a
= St + 3t +16
The induced EMF in the coil at time, t=4 will
through the square is: Aux passing
be:
(a) 2 B,L? Wb (b) 3 B,L2 Wb
(a) -27 V
(c) - 108 V
(b) - 43 V (c) 4 B,L? Wb () V29 B, L Wb
(d) 210 V
[CBSE Term-1 SQP 2021]
Ans. (c) 4B,L Wb
INCERT Exempla
Ans. (b)- 43 V
=St +3t +16 Explanation: Here, A= L2k and
lel= dÙ B= Bo (2i +3j +4kT
dt
Magnetic Flux, =BA = Bo(2i +3 +4X), 13
d
(5t + 3t + 16] =4 BoL' Wb
dt
= 10t +3 Related Theory
|e lt=4= 10(4) +3 = 43 V Magnetic flux is defined as the total numher
e=-43 Volts magnetic lines of force passing normally through nm
[CBSE Marking Scheme Term-1 SOP 2021] area placed in a magnetic field and is equal to th
magnetic flux linked with that area.
2. 2 A cylindrical bar
the axis of a circular magnet
is
kept along 5. A loop, made of straight edges has su
coil. If the magnet is
rotated about its axis, then: corners at A (0, 0, 0), B (L, 0, 0) C (LLOD
(a) A current will be induced in a coil (0, L, 0) E(0, L, L) and F (0, 0, L).
bYNo current will be induced inacoil field B = Bo(i + k)T is present in A magneti:
the region,
(c) Only an e.m.f. and a current both will be The flux passing through the loop ABCDEHA
induced in the coil (in that order) is:
(d) An e.m.f. and a current both will be (a) B,L? wb. (b) 2 B,L Wb.
induced in the coil (c) V2 B,L? Wb. (d) 4 B,L' Wb.
3. A metallic ring is attached with the
aroom. When the north wall of [NCERT Exemplar
pole of a magnet is
brought near to it, the induced current in the 6. A conducting square loop of
side "L and
ring will be: resistance 'R' moves in its plane with ue
uniform velocity 'v perpendicular to one
Itssides. A magnetic induction 'B' constant
time and space pointing perpendicular dd
into the plane of the loop exists
as showNn in the fiqure. The everywne
(a) first clockwise then current inau
anticlockwise
(b) in clockwise direction
in the loop is:
(cin anticlockwise direction B
X
(d) first anticlockwise then
clockwise
Ans. (c) in anticlockwise direction
Explanation: As it is seen from the
side, induced magnet A
current will be anticlockwise. (a) BL
R Clockwise
(b) BLy
R Anticlockwise
(c) 2 BLy -Anticlockwise
R
2021
(d) Zero sÌP.
[CBSE Term-1!
206 EdULart Physics Class XIl
Ans.( )Zero (a) the entire rod is at the same electric
Correct option is (d) potential
|= le| (b) there is an electric field in the rod
Current inducedis R
d
(c) the electric potential is highest at the
Nowlel= centre of the rod and decreases towards
dt its ends
Rut there is no change of flux with time. as (d) the electric potential is lowest at the
A&all remain constant with time. centre of the rod and increases towards
induced. its ends
No current is
[CBSE Marking Scheme Term-1 SQP 2021] Ans. (b) there is an electric field in rod
Explanation: As we know from Faraday's law Explanation: Amotional emf e = Bvlis induced
that: in the rod or we can say, a potential difference
is induced between the two ends of the rod
|e|= d PO, with P at higher potential and Q at lower
dt
potential. Due to this potential difference, there
dA
= AdB + B is an electric field in the rod.
dt
Since. Area does not change with time and
neither does magnetic field hence |e |= 0.
Since, I = |R| = 0.
7.A conducting rod of length is falling
with a velocity vperpendicular to a uniform 10. There are two coils A and B as shown in
horizontal magnetic field B. The potential Figure. A current starts flowing in B as
difference between its two ends will be: shown, when A is moved towards B and
(a) 2 Blv (b) Blv stops when A stops moving. The current in
1 A is counterclockwise. B is kept stationary
(c),Blv (d) B²12v2 when A moves. We can infer that:
B
8. cylindrical bar magnet is rotated about
A
its axis (Figure). A wire is connected from
the axis and is made to touch the cylindrical
surface through acontact. Then:
Axis >0 (a) there is a constant current in the
clockwise direction in A.
A
(b) there is a varying current in A.
Bar magnet (c) there is no current in A.
(d) there a constant current
is in the
counterclockwise direction in A.
[NCERT Exemplar]
S
Ans. (d) there is aconstant current in the counter
clockwise direction in A.
(9) adirect current flows in the ammeter A. Explanation: When the coil A moves toward
A.
(0) no current flows through the ammeter coil B with a constant velocity than the
rate of
flows
() an alternating sinusoidal current
with a time change of magnetic flux due to coil Bin coil
A will
through the ammeter A current in acoil
be constant and it gives constant
lenz's law.
Ain same direction as in coil B by
2T
period T =
current
9a time varying non-sinosoidal Related Theory
flows through the ammeter A. linked with coil B an emf
[NCERT Exemplar] Due to change in the flux
will be induced in coil B.
9. A metal rod velocity
moves at a constant is kept at an angle
its length. 11, A coil of area 100 cm
A direction perpendicular to field exists of 30° with a magnetic
field of 10- T. The
constant uniform magnetic to the zero in 10 s.
In space in a direction perpendicular magnetic field is reduced to
Select the correct the coil is:
Swell as its velocitu, The induced emf in
STatement from the following:
Electromagnetic Induction 207
 constant velocityv = vi.
a The
(a) 5V3v (b) 50/3v
(d) 50.0V
field is directed along the
direction. The induced enf,
negativemagnet
(c) 5.0 V
[CBSE Term-1 2021] passage of these loops, out of
during
region, will not remain constant for.
he flel
Ans. (a) 5/3v
do (a) anyof the four loops
BA COs
Explanation: e=
dt dt (b) the circular and elliptical loops
d (c) the rectangular, circular and eliptic
A is constant, therefore, A B cos loops
dt
Usingthe given values, we get, (d) only the elliptical loops
e= SV3v
[CBSE SQP 202:1
loops
Ans. (b) the circular and elliptical
12. Belowfigure shows planar loops of different Explanation: As we know induced emf
shapes moving out or into a region of do Bds
magnetic field which is directed normal to lel = dt dt
the plane of the loop away from the reader.
The direction of induced current in each loop Now, as the square loop and rectangulor lbs.
Bds
using Lenz's law will be: move out of magnetic field. dt is Constant
X Therefore lel is constant. But incase of circulr
X dS
and elliptical loops. changes. Therefore, e
x (i) dt
does not remain constant.
[CBSE Marking Scheme SQP 2021
(a) ) badcb; (i) bcab
(b) ) bcdab; () bacb Assertion-Reason Questions
(c) () bcdab; (i) bcab
() ) badcb; (ii) bacb [DelhiGov. 2022] Two statements are given-one labelled Assertion
the
Ans. (b) ) bcdab: (i) bacb (A) and the other labelled Reason (R). Select
codes
Explanation: In fig ) the rectangular loop correct answer to these questions from the
(a), (b), (c) and (d) as given beloW.
abcd is entering the magnetic field, so the flux
(a) Both Aand R are true and R is the corredt
linked with them increases; The direction of
induced currents in these coils will be such as
explanation of A.
to oppose the increase of magnetic flux;
hence (b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct
the magnetic field due to current-induced explanation of A.
flow
will be upward i.e., currents induced will (c) Ais true but R is false.
anticlockwise. (d) A is false and R is also false.
In Fig ) the triangular loop abc is emerging 15. Assertion (A): Faraday's laws
from the magnetic field, therefore magnetic Consequenceofconservatiot
flux linked with these loops decreases. The of energy
Currents induced in them will tend to increase resistive
the magnetic field in a downward direction,
so Reason (R): In a purely
circuit, the current lo
the currents wvill flow clockwise. behind the emf inphase.
coil is
13. The Magnetic flux (0) linked with a 16. Assertion (A): Only a change in magne
maintain on
related to its area (S) as: flux will
the coll
(a) oc S (b) oc S3 Induced current in
of large
(c) oc s2/3 (d) oc S-3/2 Reason (R): The presence
magnetic flux through
[DelhiGov. SQP 2022] a
current
coil maintains
if the circuit
Ans. (a) oc S
In the coil
Explanation: = nBS continuous.
an
14. A rectangular, a square, a circular and Ans. (c) A is true but R is false. fluxcann!

elliptical loop, all in the (x - y) plane, are Explanation: Presence of magnetic

moving out of a uniform magnetic field with produce current.

208 EduCart Physics Class XII

17.Assertion(A): Induced emf is proportional Ans. (c) A is true but R is false.
to rate of change of
magnetic field while Explanation: Since both the loops are identical
induced current depends on (same area and number of turns) and moving
resistance of wire.
with a same speed in same magnetic field.
Reason(R): The induced emf and
current will be same in two Therefore same emf is induced in both the
identical loops of copper coils. But the induced current will be more in
and aluminium when the copper loop as its resistance will be lesser
rotated with sanme speed in
the same magnetic field. as compared to that of the aluminium loop.

CASE BASED Questions (CBQs))

[4&5 marks
Reodthe following passages and answer the (D) The power delivered by the external force is:
questions that follow: BIBv Bv
18, An enmf induced by the motionof the conductor
(a) (b)
2R R
ocross the magnetic field is called motional Biy2
electromotive force. lt is given as, [ = -Bvl. This (c)
2R R
equation is true as long as the velocity, field and
length are mutually perpendicular. The minus (E) The thermal power developed in the
sign associated with the Lenz's law. As shown loop is:
in figure a rectangular loop MNOP is pulled out B²13,2 B?
of a magnetic field with a uniform velocity v by (a) (b)
2R 2R
applying an external force F The loop is R.
Blv
X (c) ()
R R

Ans. (B) (b)

R
M
Explanation: The magnetic force on the
(A) Find the current in the loop. wire MN is F1 =Ilx B.
VBI
(b)
VBR The magnitude is F, = lB = VB2 and is
R R
opposite to the velocity. The force on the
(c) VRI (d)
R parts of the wire NO and PM lying in the
B VBI field cancel each other. The resultant
magneticforce on the loop is,
(8) Find the magnetic force on the loop: therefore, F, = Blv opposite to the velocity.
R
(a) B2
B²1y2
2R R (D) (d)
R
(c) B2 B??2 Explanation: The power delivered by the
R ()
R external force is, P= F1v=
() Aind the external force F needed to
19. Inductive sensors are central to nearly every
maintain constant velocity: intersection with a traffic light that detects
the amount of traffic and adjusts the signal
Bv? accordingly. These sensors work exceptionally
R (b) wellfor cars and trucks. Sone motorcycles and
R
other vehicles don't offer enough of asignature
to be detected bythe sensors without a boost
(c) B,2 by adding an h3 magnet to the bottom of the
R R vehicle. Inductive sensors are limited in two

Electromagnetic Induction 209

 major ways. Either the object to be sensed
must be magnetic and induce a current in the
sensor, or the sensor must be pOwered to detect
Here. L is self-inductance, N is the tot
the presence of materials that interact with a number of turns in the conducting
magnetic field. coil, Ais
across sectional area, l is the length.
Output
(amplifier) We can write Nthat is the total
Oscillator turns as, a product of number of
number
Target
length
turns +
Trigger So,
Trigger level
Sensing
Signal converter L = Ho(n x )
Damping face
object n is constant and lis tripled
(A) What is the process to increase the then,
energy stored in an inductor by 4 times? according to question,
(B) Consider an inductor whose linear
l=3l
dimensions are tripled and the total
number of turns per unit length is kept Then, Lc (30)3
constant, what happens to the self L c 273
inductance? So new, L 27l
(C) What will be the acceleration of the bar Therefore, self-inductance will be increased
magnet which is moving downwards due by 27 times.
to gravity, passes through the ring which (C) As the magnet falls the flux through the
is held horizontally and the bar magnet ring changes. Regardless whether the flux
is dropped along the axis of the ring?
increases or decreases, by Lenz's law a
(D) A long cylindrical solenoid with 100 current is induced in the ring that opposes
loops per 1 cm has a radius of 1.6 cm.
Assume the magnetic field inside the the change in flux. This induced current
solenoid to be homogeneous and parallel induced a magnetic field that interacts
to the axis of the solenoid. Calculate the with the falling magnet and decreases the
electromotive force which is induced per acceleration of fall below gravity.
1 meter of the ength of the solenoid if (D) Given that:
the current change is 13 As? n= 10000 m-1
Ans. (A) The enerqy stored in a inductor is given as:
r= 1.6 cm = 0.016 m

dl-= 13 As-1
dt
So, to increase the energy stored in an
inductor by 4 times, we can either make We know that,
the inductance 4 times the initial value or
L=Horn'N?
we can double the current.
= 4 x 10-x Ix 108 x 0.0162 H
(B) Self-inductance is aproperty of conducting = 0,1 H
material that helps them to oppose the
change of flow of current, a formula of 13.
>

which can be written as:

And, JU,]=L = 0.1 x13 m
dt m

VERY SHORT ANSWER Type Questions (VSA

[1mark]
20. Does change in magnetic flux induce an emf of a conducting wie
Z1 A square loop a, b. c, d
or a current? rectangular lov
Ans. Change in magnetic flux always induces an has been changed into a
is
emf but a current will be induced only when a, b, c d' as shown in figure. What
electrical circuit is complete. direction of induced current in the loop?

210 EduÇart Physics Class Xl

 Ans. 27. Ans. 2. ckwiAns.e
Clo22
Comes is So
the thereno loop.Predict
the in plane The coil coilThere magnet Bar is
with
current to Consider .
current
magnetic the field,
it but uniform Wil
far, X and hence thrown
the through
decrease hethe when Loop X
closed open
is Circuit an any A
current the of hence X
will X X
the SHORT flow onon/off
field flux the and loop nmagnetic
the no no from a emf vertical
the
be change in X X X
loop change d
direction electromotive
no
position x
clockwise. inlinkedloop so paper in maghet ends? be
wil X the switch plane
downwards; no
remains PORS current the induced
magnetic be field in metallic
current S circuit? off
induced with X magnetic (closed of
magnetic of as of
Bar
surrounded s X

[Delhi shown will magnet position

(Figure). [Delhi
Gov.
in the atwire
ANSWVER force X
flux, the right magnetic
meridian.
between
so, out wil flow Exemplar]
[NCERT Circuit Explain. pole
sowil induced closed
the ie., beflux Gov. R
is isflux circuit),
in
ofmagnetic
as the inmoved
angles induced (open If falls
decrease
It
to
induced SQP the the
linked the by its down
direction linked 2022]QB
oppose
wil magnetic current circuit. circuit)
will switch a
figure. tointo in
cause in field,2022] the the with wire
and with marks|2
of it, a a
Type-|
Ans. 28. Ans. 26. 25. Ans. 24.
tion
tic Caution A
change
change Emf B,
smoothlypaper. shown
separated Find oscillation flux eddydamping?
The poles itThe the iron thatConstantan
loop.induced
resistance greater?
Induced interval. It
a Two Students
be another
is is
the the
Questions linked cause magnetic induced
induced currents motion
allowed of a
current coresolenoid A
identical
due in magnetic in steady often
is current
Fig. a current emf
magnetic by
over a between with of
magnet. is of
In of when
to ofincrease qet
the across B a fixed Wire damping
in to inserted which field
in constanton,
distance two in it copper current is copper is there
B C copper loops, confused
change D
angle field PQthe changes oscillate connected more both
the What loop with is
flux PO conducting has wire or any
d. made is two is plate flows into is inthe
due (SA-I) plate
setting decrease? the one
inked
of P negligible for
coming is lesser
copperloops inare change when
Exemplar]
[NCERT poles on between [NCERT
the Exemplar] the
enclosed to by the is through to the of the
accountwhen inducedremoved
with its parallel configuration
PQ of up causedamped solenoid, than loop is in
motion B
out
resistane. a of Explain. battery a same coppermagnetic emf
B
travelling same
area. the magnet.magnetic the is
of induced it. because
that current induced.
loop wires of of when
If
211 the this two but time from and flux.
or its will an so of
 fu
magnetic
an upon be coses of such the
conducting opp0Se
develops
field
surface dÙ to
=
R
space,
must passing direction
fux,
is magneticthe us When
loop,
towards
N-pole automatically
be magnet
away
or
magnetic based the giving let to
let A in the circuit
away
the
nearby It
to
for the So, area start Therefore, S1 both of it
showa
the poleas When work
loop. isworktowards
lines surfacelines by energy. the conseguence
towards so
answer closed mechanical
the an or
with of surface. in flux. a
Explain in North
lawAgain,
in end field Therefore, law, change To the Some followed.
number ines of magnetic is is
flux
inked through enerqu. theLenz's loop, it energy.
same magnetic
cannot continuity.
number of Lenz'sa pushed
moves thusfrom
polarity magnet move
magnetic law law in magnet. Hence,
law. the facing strictls
the thethrough current a the away
field of per to thiselectrical
passingS. same Lenz's
Lenz's conservation
to oppose is magnet
N-pole
get magnetic
as of the surface it. lawConservation
produces loopas of
fom of time. N
of According and is
would considered Magnetic
property
represents
concept as induced polarity
motion magnet
motion energy
passing the State Lenz's bar the South every loop
linesSametheget that to the into
We The as a of
Ans.
32. Ans.
andat [NCERT
Exemplar]
placed
Coils giveinduced fieldis edgethe
coil motion. formula
we as for
choose
XIl
dotted in is a magnetic
plane loop C answer
0. radius
PQ) current of region 0)
magnitude figure.
another. and no, magnetic
whose
having Class
independentthex-y 0, are If of
uniform the
the along of (a, position direction same
PQ B?
along sin0) of
certain
coil the
at
C in
andone shown in
throughusingNowS2
surface Physics
along
(field in X a andthe
(VB 9) flow a
andin origin current E(O.o,0)(a,o,0) in with
current in and
E emfx x sin R. is a placed the B to
A, parallel C .
S1 get answer.
as fixed the diagram.
field PQ) PÌ) makeresistance
it in cos(ot)k Find 3TT 200 coils currents looppassing
a loop
(VB and B mark choosing surfaces Edu_art
motional field the the ,t= and
t= induced
towards B.dAz we
electric (length
(length x is are closed the
sin0 emf dvB R at Figure).
of
identical
planes would
your
d
VBd R magnetic
Bo resistance
centre direction C yes,current
in
the fux with
of carry + different
the= =
A
any
and moved
induced
line
CD=
vB
= induced
circuit |= B=
(see If a The by B1.dAj edge,Justify
Therefore
their
Three C reasons.Consider coincides
by its B there defined
and
closed A given
withwithfield with Coils
is (Fig). = twotheirflux
The This the A A is
29
30. 31, 212
 213
numberper theProve loop below,
magnetic expect
during
The
is 00] turns, steady
angular
field
magnetic
uniform induced
emf. per maximum constant V
coil 06,
revolutions
B, revolutions circular region?
Justify.
Time ofN figure
havingfieldcoil.the 2011, you X X
constant
(SAll) ot of
uniforma
thein
magnetic PORS sin value the B
a withdo field
X
Inductio
Electrom
induced
[CBSE ot dt O sin
ot
=& 2rfNBA ot= and the loop loops.
'A''f' to a cos -N NBA maximum 'f and in be
region the
X
coil at Q
area perpendicular at loopa shown to of the X
rotatedBA E= = which
at S
emf rectangular 2f = of X
+Ve -ve Questionsof rotateduniform
maximum in
a axis.
=
oe be
rotating NBAo rectangular
out emfout to
normal
coil held its will = = W as field-free
In X
be flux, region v. induced
E NBAo o passage
= moving
rectangular
is A, coil
about emf
magnetic be then &o X
velocity is
N, ain being a
area = coil induced
emf.
Considertheo the &0 OAare fielda the thefield
secondthe2nfNBA.
turns velocity Hence,
M fieldthat
of
eachLet The
Where, thesecond,
(A)
to
TVDe-|| A of Ans.
B. If
37.
X
[3
marks]
flux[NCERT
Exemplar] no Wb (supported theis
solenoid
centre
Exemplar]
[NCERT
heldcoil 0, indeduce
an
Wb If current
falling
Plot (E) ANSWER bs flows
B).
to
respect
mH both
=5 ring?
solenoid emf
velocity
C.
enfdepict? separated
10-2throughthe
if m of is the induced
A
for A, =5 Theaxis the A
33. coil induced
M a is same through fixed arealf
cored curve
magnet
2 of
of
and
what
with 10 2 other. A
1 kept Figure). to
thethehappen B. angular
at
a
andBfluxcurrent
Wb = x a field thetime.
N-turns, at
current A be
air of E-t through
B
coil
1o-2inductance MBA flux mH metal
each=
MAB ringof within
B, will for ofinstant
bar an
Variation magnetic question, A. 5 top(see current steady
maanetic
the
through SHORT A (no
through
of
MaB
A
=
Ngde to
inductance =
totalthrough will
coincides of
expression
a by coilsa induction respect MABl I
on current
shows enclosed
showing
If B passes mutual the cardboard) what coil
the
gravity
two a through
distance. passes the =
passes
MAA
Consider
a ring uniform the
rectangular coil
any
to with is off,
Figure A, A? mutual
current the mutual a ringIf
graph
area
are
through A through According
total
fluX,
MaOA switched
carryingsolenoid. rotated
under There
some
passes coil
is,
A Hence, coils Current the
he 1 The
a a
The the So, Let, by
a no of of A n 0s
A Ans. 35. 36.
 (B) OPredict the polarity of the capacitor in
the situation described by figure below:

rDelhi Gov. SQP 202%

LONG ANSWER Type Questions (LA)
[4&5marks]
Hence, the current induced is
38. Draw a labelled diagram of an A.C. generator
and describe its construction, the dry and ture.
alternating iin na
working.
OR
With the help of a neat and labelled
diagram, explain the principle, construction N ts
and working of an A.C. generator.
Ans. Construction: An AC. generator consists of the A
B
following four parts: B
Ra -VC
(1) Armature: ABCD is a rectangular armature
coil consisting of a large number of turns B2 R
of insulated copper wire wound over a
laminated iron core. The coil can be rotated Load Load
about its central axis. (1) (2)
(2) Field magnet: N and S are the pole pieces
Working: When an armature coil ABCD of N
of a strong electromagnet, between which turns and area A is placed in a magnetic feld
armature coil is rotated.
of strength B making an angle from nomgl
(3) Slip rings: R1 and R, are two hollow metallic to the direction of magnetic field, magnetic
rings, to which two ends of armature coil is flux linked with the coil is,
connected. The rings rotates with the rotation
of the coil = NBA COs 0.
As the coil rotated about its own axis with an
(4) Brushes: B1 and B are two flexible metal
plates, which are fixed and are kept in light angular speed a then value of angle = 0and
contact with slip rings. hence magnetic flux changes and an induced
Theoru: As the armature coil is rotated in emf is developed across the ends of coil
the magnetic field, angle between the field
= NBA cos 0
and normal to the coil changes continuously. As,
Therefore, the magnetic flux associated with d
the coil changes and emf induced in the coil. Therefore, E= = NBÀ O sin ot
dt
Let initially, the armature coil be moving as
shown in fiqure. (1), so that AB moves outwards E= Egsin 0t
(towards us) and CD inwards (into the paper). Where, Eo is the peak value of induced emt.
with
The amount of magnetic flux linked rodis
the coil is changing and in accordance with 39, ) A metallic ring of mass mand
current in AB unde
I (ing being horizontal) is falling he
Fleming's right hand rule, induced
CD it is from Cto D, In the
is from Ato B and in
gravity in a region having a magnetic
external circuit current flows from BË to B). Ifz is the vertical direction, the z-compo
After half the rotation of the coil, AB moves of magnetic field is B, = Bo (1 +
z).
inwards and CD outwards as shown in figure if the
the resistance of the ring and energ9 lost
(2). Now applying Fleming's right hand rule,we falls with a velocity v, find the reached4
to
find that the induced current in AB is from B has
in the resistance. If the ring conseryationof
to C. In the external
A and in CD it is from D B!
circuit, current flows from B to B1. Thus, it is
constant velocity, use the of m,
clear that the induced current in the external energy to determine vin terms
circuit changes its direction after every half and acceleration due to gravity
[NCERT9 Exemplo
rotation of the coil.

214 EduLart Physics Class XII

 40. The figure (a) showS the direction of
adlvanometer deflection when connected to
adc. source. Two closed loops (1) and (2) are
located one behind the other parallel to each
other as shown in the figure (b). Initiallsthe
rheostat slide in (1) is set at A. Determine
the direction of the galvanometer in moving
the rheostat from A to B, -00000
w
R
1 X= 2b
X=0 X= b
Ans. (A) Faradas's law of induction is the basic law of
electromagnetism which helps us to predict
(a) (b) how amagnetic field would interact with an
Ans. From the figure (a), we can conclude that a electric circuit to produce an electromotive
clockwise current in the circuit produces a force (emf). This phenomenon is known as
deflection towards left in galvanometer. electromagnetic induction.
Case ): When sliding contact at A. (B) Refer to the figure given with the question
let us first consider the forward motion of
Current Iflows in clockwise direction. At the arm POfromx= 0to x= 2b. Obviousls
steady current there will be no deflection in now the magnetic flux linked with the
galvanometer G in coil (2). This current must circuit SPOR is O= BA Hence,
produce a South polarity at A1. = Blx for < x< b
Case (): When sliding contact is moved toB = Blbfor b<x< 2b
The current in (1) remains clockwise but Consequently the induced emf will be:
decrease in strength. This result in change of
magnetic flux in coil (2). According to Lenz's dt
law, the direction of induced emf (or current) Hence,
in (2) has to be as shown in fiqure such that
E=-db)Blv
dt
for 0s x<b
it increases the magnitude of S at A, (since it
was decreasing). So, the induced current will () E=-dpb) =0for b<* s 2b
produce aS- polarity at A1. This is possible if dt
the current through coil (2) is clockwise. Hence, Again for the backward motion of the arm
the galvanometer will show a deflection PQ from x= 2b to x = 0, the magnetic flux
toward left. with the circuit SPOR is,
¢ = Blb for bsxs2b
() ¢ = Blk for 0 < x <b (and flux is

N
gradually decreasing )
As a result the induced emf will be
B E = 0for b<xs 2b
42. (A)Stoate Faradau's law of electromagnetic (G) E=+ Blv for 0 <x<b
induction. Variation of the magnetic flux and induced
(8) Figure shows a rectangular conductor emf during forward and backward motion
of the arm PQ is shown in the
PORS in which the conductor PQ is free flux
Magnetic graph.
to move in a uniform magnetic field B ’Outward Inward
B and
perpendicular to the plane of the paper.
The field extends from X = 0 to X= b and
2b
IS zero for x > b. Assume that only the
arm PQ possesSses resistance r. When
0
Cne arm PO pulled outward from x =
to
CO X = 2b and then moved backwardthe Band
X = 0 with constant speed v, obtain
expression for the flux and induced emf. b 26
these quantities
Sketch the variations of
with distance 0 <X< 2b.
Electromagnetic Induction 215
 XII ClassPhysics EduCart 216
(-j) () lv ()=B Blv =eg
motion, todue emfInduced =0 Eg
dt 102 x4.5 =-
(C) dB(t)
x dt =e1
do s<t<
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tic change
in todue emfInduced mA
=-2.6 A
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=[A x[lB(t) = 103 =-2.6x A
timet, instant
of any At
8.5 R
(As BAcose
BA = B-A= = 10-2-2.25x
=09 0 magnetic The
with linked flux (A) Ans. 10-2v =-2.25x
loop the
r( [NCERT
x(t) wW 10-2x =-4.5x E1
D
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he energy
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loopcircular
tain time, independent of is BIf(B) 2022](3m) SQP [CBSE
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the equation
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ahas circuit closed The
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e shownin as wires
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a and loop
current induced showing Calaulate loop. the
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is
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as
t(s) 6 2 The figure.
resistance, in cm 12wire,
magnetic
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througha The
loop ircular
of
sec.
(2m) the
emf Calculate
2.6 + I(mA) t=5 ascoil theinduced in according
2.6 - relation the to
0 E() mwb. 5) 10t+ (5t+ = plane its to
0.023 + paper intodirected and
-0.023 varying is magnetic The 43.
s normal coil througha flux
4 <t<
4s 2s
2 0<t< [CBSE coil. the inducedin emf
2005](2m) maximum the Find
mA 2.6 = value
of average and
the 10-2T. x2
horizontal
8.5 = I3 magnitude fieldmagnetic
of
4.5x10-2 of angular anwith
uniform ain 50 s speed turns
4s<t<6s, For vertical its about rotates
diameter A A.
8
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R 20 and
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lost heat thequals
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=0 dxPB' +
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independent
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IfB (B)
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-[PRdt dt R x(t)
dt R dr? m
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time tconsumed
in Energy dt?
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interval
isdt time consumed
in Energy
dt R
R? dB(t) IB(t) F=
consumption
1R = P Power (C) get, values,
we Substituting
the
lB 90°= sin lB F=
mR exp uo =v(t)
PB°(t) Conductor, acting
on Force
direction,
RI= clockwise current
in Electric
loV==0, t At E
mR dt dt
PB(t) exp =A V (t) lv(t) B-() lxdB(t)
do
equation, differential of across
Yx emfmotional the (XYCA)+ field in
form
separable variable Integrating
using change todue emf circuit
= the inemf Total
 -1 perpenio y
x05 3 -1

Ans. Ans.
3. 2.8There
Sectional (b) (0) (C) Q4number(@) I inductance
(c) proportional?
(a) To
conducting orientation two
Explanation: () (c) 6) (o)
proportional
length.
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to and asSo,
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xplanation:
filled and The =0.01Ri. R incorrect. CBSErelative(b) The Two 1.
dependsuponthe:
QuestMuChoiltipolensce
the increases
both
l l self 1 which coils currents coils rate coils
relative coils rote mutual
inside decreases decreases and area R 1 coils
selfpermeabiitu at at
area inductance
A of is depends Marking position
proportional i and l increase.turns of loops a of
in
which
inductance of of position which
for M the pair tW O Mutual the inductance are
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and
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and decrease. N [CBSE voltage placed
HH,N'AL= of Scheme and current
solenoid Long A
increases
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then lengthincreases.decreases. L (d)R1 inductance the and OBJECTIVE
Questions
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area to
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increases Question
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of its solenoid a R1 relative Term-1 Term-1 induced of
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material Exemplar]
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is M=, (c) M=Lymutual (a)L2 isplaced Students
emf increasesis coil1.to about
increasesaxis.
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orthe M1 with 2 The as as 2: completelyother eachto of asmutual get
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are coil M12 of its induced
long, between
M= linked
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increases when
is 2 brought own total
thatso
permeability between
change.linked coil the with L2
become
will with electromagnet
perpendicular in (L ; L1geometry
is LË with
induction 1 respect to
nearer. rotated length e.m.f. the L)? them, then: and The
ie.;same respect
coil
Hence with coil M12 nearer. with 1
221 other. If self
or region LT of of the
a or as of with in flux are the the and self
a
 222 Ans.
12. Ans. 10. 9.
11, &
(cmH same
)85(amH
)95 1V e
A)
0.1 H
(a) 0.(c4) H The 0.05When 100V(c) 50V<a) is:mutual 0.5 coils (d) The(e increase? will
not
(b) (a) soienoid.
along bulbreleases
induced
Explanation: in (c) (dcontact
) (c) (b) is (a)
havingturns The (cmH (a) current
) 1given, the
Explanation: 0.1 The A contactcontact
contactwon't
Find coefficient H. The The The
radius is
self-inductance H
second, changes
The current its
constant
will circuit
L= current rateof
du,art 500 108 inductance self-inductance magnetic
magnetic axis. An become currentemf
changes out
10 become
induced iron decreases. is is is
andturns mH. uH. the an from Which is Whenbroken brokenmademade
Given: changes
of in heating current
rodsuddenly having
from emf the flux field and bright
the with The
emf self-induction emf 7 ofthe is contact or
dtLe 0.05dt
= between
same 0.
(d1) V(b)
uV1 L 220V(d) (b)75V primary A linked inserted
Physics self-inductance
(mH
b90
) of 0 = =Lx 8 di e 0.(d8) H(0.b2) H of8
at high emf To broken
the produced =8V= from in to of is at
a to 0.1 2 V Term-1
[CBSE
2021] the
following oppose
mH
75 di + the 3 the flowing bright.
1 with value. is is all
mediumsamesolenoid H 2 induced +2 the A
A (2-(-2) = secondary coil centre in broken,
in 0.05 of in solenoid induced.
Class 4 A two 0.04 of the the the
length, 10
when A the to quantities through Hence,
will ofa of in solenoid solenoid inductor
current
second, coil a -2 coils s. pair a
XI| coil. A coil The the This
be: the coil 600 the is: in is of a

(d) (c) (b) (a) correct

(a), (A) Two Ans.
Ans. Assertion
(A):
14. 13. Assertion-Reason
Questions
A Both
Aexplanation
explanation A. of Both
is is of and
A. (b),statements 600
maximum. (c) Reason
(R): Reason(R): Dividing
mutual between
them. coils
hence the whenCoupling false true (c)
answer Self-inductance 2 Explanation: ()
Explanation: A A the 75
Assertion(A): and and turns
A
is and m
coefficient the are and but
true R (d) to other both
R is
two oriented R are R are Lg =Ho L2 LË
o=
HoA=108 Li= given
butR is is are as
these
Labelled = the Self-inductance CoL of
inductance coils The alsofalse. true given given-one 75 of
of M
=K coils.
theofmaximum. is on
When coil.
the or e.m.f
phenomenon, inductance
which electricity.
inertia
Self is
Self-induction
accordin g of true equations, by,
nductualiinduction
depend on doesbetween the result a questions mH S002 withcoil 6002 N²
determinesmanner false.is iMut
each false. but
coupling re magnetic is below. Reason
two an and A A
of
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on is labelled we
changeopposing NOT R fromn turnsS00is
between WOundis other, coils
the the flux is (R). get
on is the the
which the are Selectth
the Asee
maximum
the orient called Corre
each coef cient the mud linked cure in inaindue
coil cog
 1/. Self-inductance16. Ans. 15.
questions
following
f that Readthe inductance
neighbouringinductance in inductance a the production the coicurrent
l Due canner (a)
current. the
the Mcorporated
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opposesany These In
lO toUansmission changing a
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CASE coil to flows coil is are wire Inductance
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inductor, tubes principle effects.,
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is
appreciable
opposition truehaving
through it small
Numerically, to numerically in
as causes of through emf
are transmission an the with phenomenon of suchfluxa and current
that also that largeanything home through in ohmic less coil
the theelectrical and
BASED of of R
rapid a magnetic induced the an
large is
helps current a resistance. is are
normally inductorscomponentssudden
an answer it. coil inductance resistance. the
appliances). coil more
to equal it. induced made of made
changes system. connected
inductor mutual Mutual correct
pOwer marks]
&5
[4 when Self when
sustain spike flux inemf
wired are the to to in
in a of
Questions
Ans. Ans.
Cose-material
icion Flow
(B) (B) (A) self-induction. to
e.m.f.
also is
dueproduced
inductively change e.m.f.
inductance
phenomenon Mutual (b) Reason(R): Assertion
(A): linked
through
(C) aExplanation:
() 2A inthe area A(i1) ()pair How of neighboring correct Both
the 0.5 currentNumber produce
the coilsWhen in voltage number State
distance in with
of m ofdoes A the
pair issolenoid 0.1 coil (CBQS) due current explanation
cross-section long Lenz's produced coupled, and
increased, the sec. other one
of change th flux
to coil. according
across ofturns of e Length() induction,
current
mutual
coildistance solenoid Inductance or individual
Rcoils. is in Selfinduction
when mutual the In
coilsphenomenon coil
the law. Inductor mutual in are coil.
ls mutual and But in changing samne
decreased. changed it's turns of in persist.
mutual incoilwhen:
additionmagnetic a oftrue a
ends of the (N) each when to R. strength
induction current
passes
unit
between 1 is induction, coil
cm. 10decrease
which coil of
coil inductance ofa of but induction,
inductance if
from turns/cm to flux as
the
decreased? the induced two R in each
Calculate sectionalCross
area(A) a an changes.
the linked is of
current
1 twO result
coils opposing both
A and induced the is NOT of
223 two has currentarises
of to coils e.m.f.
are with the the the self
of In of
 (C) We need to step-up the voltage for pow
(i) If the number of turns in the coil is
decreased then mutual inductance of transmission, so that:
the given pair of coils decrease. (a) the current is reduced and
(C) Here, I = 0.5 m consequently, the 'R loss is Cut
n = 10 x 100 m = 100 m-1 down
A =1cm= 10-4 m?
Al = (2 - 1) A = 1 A (b) the voltage is increased, the power
losses are also increased
then, L= uon2
A (c) the power is increased before
transmission is done
L= (4n x 10-) x (1000) x 0.5 x 10-4
L =3.28 x 10-H (d) the voltage is decreased so
are reduced
R -losses
and l[ =L
At
=(6.28 x 10-5) x0.1
(D) A power transmission ine feeds input
8= 6.28 x 10-4 V. power at 2300 V to a step down
18. The large-scale transmission and distribution transformer with its primary windings
of electrical energy over long distances is having 4000 turns. The number of turne
done with the use of transformers. The voltage in the secondary in order to get output
output of the generator is stepped-up. It is then power at 230V are:
transmitted over long distances to an area (a) 4 (b) 40
sub-station near the consumers. There the
voltage is stepped down. It is further stepped (c) 400 (d) 4000
down at distributing sub-stations and utility [CBSE Term-1 SQP 2021]
poles before a power supply of 240 Vreaches
Our homes.
Ans. (A) (d) Step-down transformer decreases the
Step-up Step-down AC voltage
transformer transformer
Correct ans is (d) ie., step down transformer
decreases the ac voltage.

(B) () The voltage is stepped-up (V, > VJ

and arrangement is calleda step-up
Transmission line transformer
Long Distance Power Transmissions
(A) Which of the following statement is true? i.e.,
(a) Energy is created when Ep
transformer steps up the voltage i.e., if no. of turns in secondary coil
(b) A
transformer is designed to convert are more than no. of turns in primary.
anAC voltage to DC voltage then voltage is increased or stepped
(c) Step-up transformer increases the
power for transmission up in secondary. so called step up
transformer.
(d) Step-down transformer decreases
the AC voltage [CBSE Marking Scheme Term-1 SOP 2021|
(B) If the secondary coil has a greater Explanation: In a transformer,
number, of turns than the primary:
(a) the voltage is stepped-up (V, > V)
and arrangement is called a step-up
dop
Ep =Np dt
transformer
(b) the voltage is stepped-down (V,< V) ds
Ns dt
and arrangement is called a step
down transformer
N
(c) the current is stepped-up (s > ) N
and arrangement is called a step-up
transformer Since, Ng > Np
(d) the current is stepped-down (l, < l)
and arrangement is called a step
down transformer Hence, it is a step up transformer.

224 EduCart Physics Class XIIl

 The current issreduced and
the R loss is cut down consequently I 2 3 0 0 4000
230 X
io current is reduced if voltage is stepped
secondarycoil.
up so corresponding R losses are cut X= 400= N= No. of turns in
down.
(CBSE Marking Scheme Term-1 SQP 2021]
CBSE Marking Scherne Term-1 SQP 2021]
Exolanation: Step up transformer is Explanation: Given,&, = 2300 V,
required to increase the voltage so that the Np = 4000,
transmission current may decrease leading
to a decrease in pOwer loss due to Joule's &g = 230 V
law of heating 1²R
(D))400 Since,
Correct ans is (c) N,
Given Ej = 2300 V
Eo = 230 V .: Ns
N,e
No = 4000
4000 x 230
= 400
2300
E N,

VERY SHORT ANSWERType Questions (VSA)

[1mark]
19. An artificial satellite with a metal surface 22. E A plot of magnetic flux (%) versus current
has an orbit over the equater. Will the earth's (() is shown in the figure for two inductors A
magnetism induce a current in it? Explain. and B. Which of the two has larger value of
self-inductance?
Ans. The satellite will cut vertical component of
magnetic field and vertical component in the
equatorial plane is zero. Consequently there
will be no change in magnetic flux and hence
no current will be induced.

Z0, The current Iin an induction coil varies

with time t according to the graph. 23. Define mutual inductance of a pair of coils
and write its SI unit.
Ans. A voltage will be produced in the second
coil as a result of placing two wire coils in
close proximity to one another, linking their
magnetic fields. When a voltage applied to one
+t
coil causes a voltage to be applied to another,
I1
l2 l3 this is known as mutual inductance. SI unit
wthe graph of induced e.m.f. with time. of mutual inductance is Henry (H). Mutual
[DelhiGov. QB 2022] inductance is ascalar quantity.
21, Define the term 'self-inductance' of a coil. 24. How does the mutual inductance of a pair of
Write its Sl units. coils change when:
Ans. The self-inductance (L) of a coil is equal to the (A) distance between the coils is decreased
: flux linked with the coil, when a unit
magnet ic
Current flows through it The self-inductance
(B) number of tums in the coils is decreased?
of a coil depends only on the geometry of Ans. (A) When the distance between the two coils is
the coil and intrinsic material properties. Self. increased, mutual inductance of the pair of
coils is decreased.
inductance is a scalar quantity.
Electromagnetic Induction 225
 SHORT ANSWER Type-l Questions (SA-)
[2 marks ]

25. Figure shows two long coaxial solenoid LÊO-(-2)

has an: area of cross-section A1 and (30-10)
number of turns per unit length is nË. The 2
corresponding values for inner solenoid are 1
20 10
Az and n2
For t> 30s, u, =0
Thus the back emf at t= 7s. 15s and
-3e, and Orespectively.
Write the expression for self inductance,
Li L of the two coils and their mutual 27. Define self-inductance and give its
inductance M. Hence, show that Write down the expression for the urit.
inductance of a long solenoid of lent
having N-turns. [CBSE 2007, 04
26. A (current vs. time) graph of the current Ans. The self-inductance (L) of a coil is equol
passing through a solenoid is shown in figure. the magnetic flux linked with the coil. whon
For which time is the back electromotive aunit current flows through it. Sl unit of self.
force (u) a maximum. f the back emf. at inductance is henry (H).
t=3s is e, find the back emf at t=7s, 15s The self- inductance of an air core long
and 40s. OA, AB and BC are straight line solenoid of length l, area of cross-section A
segments. and having N-turn inall. It is given by
L= H,N'A
If magnetic material having relative
C
15 20 30 35 permeability 4, isinserted in the core then self.
inductance will be,
1At Time (s)
2A4 LHoNA
[NCERT Exemplar]
28. The circuit arrangement givern shows thoa
Ans. When the rate of change of current is maximum, when an A.C. passes through the coi, t
then back emf in solenoid is maximum. This current starts flowing in the coil B.
oCcurs in AB part of the graph. So, maximum
909000
00000
back enmf will be obtained between 5s <t< 10s.
Since, the back emf at t = 3s is e. The rate of AcC
change of current at t= 3s and slope of OA Coil A Coil B

(A) State the underlying principle involve

(from t= 0stot=5 s) = - As. on
which the
5 (B) e Mention two factors
So back electromotive force at t = 3s, current produced in the coil depends.
[CBSE200GI

- Lx-e (Given) princjpleof

Ans. (A) The underlying principle is the statesthat
emfE = Ldl
mutual induction. The principle one

and through
dt whenever current passing is
alsoset

3
Coil changes, an induced current mutual
their
For 5s <t<10s, u1 = -L -3e, up in the second coil due to
For 10s <t<30s, induction.

226 Edu_art Physics Class XII

 29. The given figure shows an inductor L and induced in resistor R. As a result, bulb Q
resistorR connected in
parallel to a
hrough a switch S. The resistance battery
glows up earlier and the bulb P glow up a
off R is
same as that of the coil that bit late.
makes L. Two
identical bulbs P and Ì are put in each (B) Yes, after sometimes both the bulbs will
arm
of the circuit as shown. glow equally bright. It is because once the
L
current has reached its maximum value,
self-inductance plays no role. As resistance
of both R and L is same and the bulbs are
identical, both will finally glow with equal
RA brightness.

(A) When S is closed, which of the two bulbs 30. Find the current in the sliding rod AB
(resistance = R) for the arrangement shown
will light up earlier? in Figure, B is constant and is out of the
(B) Will the bulbs be equally bright after paper. Parallel wires have no resistance. v is
some time? Justify your answer. constant. Switch S is closed at time t=0.
[CBSE 2011]
Ans. (A) The bulb Qjoined in the arm containing OB OB
resistorR will light up earlier when switch
S is closed. On closing the switch, a self B
OB
induced back emf is developed in the
B
inductor L in a direction opposite to the OB OB
emf of batters B whereas no such emf is
[NCERT Exemplar]

SHORT ANSWERType-ll Questions (SA-I)

[3 marks
31. Along solenoid 'S has 'n' turns per meter,
with diameter a. At the centre of this coil B = Ho'z
2R
we place a smaller coil of 'N' turns and
As r << R, hence field BT may be
diameter 'b' (where, b <a). If the current considered
to be constant over the entire
in the solenoid increases linearly with time cross-sectional
What is the induced emf appearing in the area of inner coil of radius r. Hence, magnetic
Smaller coil. Plot araph showing nature of flux linked with the smaller coil will be,
Variation in emf if current varies as a function
of mt + C. O1 =BA, = o -.Tr?
[NCERT Exemplar] 2R
32. Two Concentric circular coils, one of small As by definition, 1 = Mlz
radius r and the other of large radius R, such . Mutual inductance,
the R>>r, are placed coaxially with centres
coinciding.
the arrangement.
Obtain the mutual inductance of
[CBSE 2016, 11,09, 04]
M12 =
R

Ans. Leta
coil of current
l2 flows through the outer circular
radius R. The magnetic field at the centre R
of the
coil is But. M12 = M21 = M

Electromagnetic Induction 227

 Mutual inductance of pair of concentric coil, For coil 2

M= eg =-Lg d,
dt
R

33. A rod of mass m and resistance R slides dy

dt L
smoothly OVer two parallel perfectly
conducting wires kept sloping at an angle As rate of change of current iS Same in bot,
with respect to the horizontal (figure). The the coils, therefore
circuit is closed through a perfect conductor
at the top. There is a constant magnetic field 3L L
B along the vertical direction. If the rod is
initially at rest, find the velocity of the rod e 3
=1
as a function of time.
(B) Given, e, l1 = e l2
43
e 1

(C) Ratio of energy stored

Energy stored in coil 1=U1 = 1l;

[NCERT Exemplar]

34. Coil l hasself-inductance LË which is 3 times Energy stored in coil 2= U,= 2 Lz

the self-inductance Ly of coil 2. If during a
certain instant, the rate of increase in current
and the power dissipated in these two coils
is the same, then determine the ratio of.
(A) their induced voltages =

(B) currents
(C) energy stored in the two coils at that
9
instant. [CBSE Question Bank 2023]
Ans. Given 1
3
L1 =3L and L =L
Rate of change of current is same in both the
35. (A) The current through two inductors
coils
of self-inductance 12 mH and 30 mi
dl,dl, respectively, is increasing with time at
dt dt the samne rate. Draw graphs showing the
variation of the:
Power dissipated is same in both the coils
) emf induced with the rate of change
Pi =ej l1 =P2 = e l2
of current in each inductance,
(A) For coil 1
(0) energy stored in each inductor wit
d, the current flowing through it.
dt coilsif
(B) Compare the energy stored in the
the power dissipated in the same.
dle
dt 3L
[CBSE201]

228 Eduart Physics Class X!l

 Here Ly= 12 mH, L = 30 mH 1 Lyl,?
Ans.(A)() K Hence, Uj = 2

L1
2
El
(B) Variation of energs stored in each inductor
d, dl, with the current flowing through them are
and
dt dt =k (say)
shown in figure.
Then, ¬1 =-L d =- kLi
dt

and
dt
=- kLa

() Energy stored,
2

LONGANSWER TYpe Questions (LA)

[4&5 marks ]
36. Describe the phenomenon of mutual OR
induction and find the value of its coefficient. Obtain the expression for the magnetic
[CBSE 2006] energy stored in an ideal inductor off self

37. oDBAC is a fixed rectangular conductor of inductance L when a current to passes

negligible resistance (CO is not connnected)
and OP is a conductor which
clockwise with an angular velocity o (Figure).
The entire system is in auniform magnetic
field B whose direction is along the normal
to the surface of the rectangular conductor
ABDC. The conductor OP is in electric
contact with ABDC. The rotating conductor
has aresistance of à per unit length. Find
the current in the rotating conductor, as it
rotates by 180°.
O B
OB O B
[NCERT Exemplar]
38. (A) AsOurce of emf [ is used to establish a
current Ithrouah a coil of self inductance
L Show that the work done by the source
O build up the current lo is
through it.
rotates (B) A solenoid is connected to a battery so
that a steady current flows through it.
If an iron core is inserted into the
solenoid, will the current increase or
decrease? Explain.
Ans. (A) Consider a battery connected to an inductor
L' As the battery circuit is completed,
current starts growing in inductor and
consequentls an induced emf is set up in
B the reverse direction given by,
dl
Jel = L
dt
If the battery supplies a current Ithrough
the inductor for a small time dt, the
elementary work done by emf source
D P
(battery) against the induced emf will be,
do = el dt =L l .dt = LI d
dt
Hence, the total amount of work done bu
emf source till the current increases frcm
1 initial zero value to its final steady value lo
2
Llo. will be

Electromagnetic Induction 229

 (B) The current flowing through solenoid o.
O = decreases. As the iron Core is
This work done is stored in the inductor
into the solenoid, the magnetic field Ond
consequently the magnetic flux
inserted
in the form of its magnetic energy. Thus, In gccordance with Lenz's law the increases.
induced
Current resists the increase in magnetie
Energystored in an inductor,
flux. Hence, an induced current is Set
in the solenoid coil in a
direction opposite
to that of battery current. As a result, the
current flowing in coil decreases.

NUMERICAL Type Questions

39. The current through a coil of inductance 2 mH 42. A rectangular loop of wire ABCD is kent
is represented by I= 0.2 sin200t A. Calculate close to an infinitely long wire carrying
the maximum value of induced emf. (2m)
Ans. The induced emf, [ = L
dt -(-)
acurrent I(t) = for 0 < t<T and
I(0) =0 for t> T(Figure). Find the total charge
for maximum emnf, passing throughagiven point in the loop, in
dl = 0.2 A
time T. The resistance of the loop is R.
2 2T
and dt = A L, B
200

2x 10-3 x 0.2 x 200 L+x

So,
2T
[ = 12.74 x 10-3 V
I(t)
40. What is the mutual inductances of a pair of
coils if acurrent changes of 6 ampere of 200 [NCERT Exemplarl(3m)
Ans. Electric current is afunction of time
turns to change by 12 x 10o Wb per turn?
(2m) d_ 1 d¢
Ans. Here |=6A I(t) = dt R dt
N= 200 By integrating the above equation
Flux per turn = 12 x 10- Wb
1
Total flux, = 200 x 12 x 10-4 Q(t)- Q(t) =
= 2.4 Wb
As = MI
M=
2.4
=0.4 H.
(t) =L1 H)
2 x

6
41. An iron core solenoid has
self-inductance Hob(c, log**
2.8 H. When the core is removed the self 2 X

inductance become 2 mH. What is the

relative permeability of the core used? Change.
Ans. Relative permeability of iron core,
[CBSE 2017](2m)
Self-inductance of solenoid with iron core 2 X
Ho =
Self-inductance of solenoidwithout iron core
Now, I(T) = 0 and I(0) = 1
2.8 H
2m H
= 1400 2

230 EduLart Physics Class XIl

 On core is 43. A pair of adjacent coils has a mutual
inductance of F1.5 H. If the current in one coil Bra?

neds\oN urretthe snt changes from 0 to 20 Ain 0.5 s, what is the At

change of flux linkage with the other coil? But induced emf [=E x 2rb, then
[DelhiGov. SOP 2022](3m) 2rbE =&= Bra'
that, At
Ans. We know
r ert. Asa resih do
The electric force by the charged ring.
Fe = QE
decreoses.
e=
dt dt
This force try to rotate the coil, and the torque is,
Therefore,
Bra?
dó = Mdl = 1.5 x (20- 0) = 30 Wb T= QEb= Q
2rbat
4Amagnetic field B is confined to a region
rsaand points out of the paper (the z-axis), 2At
r=0 being the centre of the circular region.
wire ABC Acharged ring (charge = ) of radius b, If Alis the change in momentum then,
long wire anj b>aand mass m es in the x-y plane with its Al =tx At = QBa?
centre at the origin. The ring is free to rotate 2
for 0 stst and is at rest. The magnetic field is brought Initial momentum = 0, and
tozero in time At. Find the angular velocity o Hinal momentum = mbo
Ba
.Find the total cdeg of the ring after the field vanishes. 2
enpoint in the loqgi [NCERT Exemplar](3m) Where, mb =I(moment of Inertia of ring)
of theloop isk QBa?
Ans. The induced emf le| = dÙ So, )=
2mb'
dt dt

Detailed solutionsfor
Self-Practice questions
accessible here
INCERT
Exempla

ctionoftime

dt Rdt

Ove
equation