Marcos justified this declaration of martial law by citing the need to maintain law and order and to

suppress a supposed communist insurgency and rebellion. However, it also effectively allowed him to
consolidate power and extend his presidency beyond the constitutionally mandated two terms.

Test of credibility, what is it? Let me share you some techniques in assesing its credibility by using the
C.R.A.P Test. Find out what’s crap or not.

C for currency

 be aware of when the information was published.

 views about your subject matter have changed significantly over time (there are a lot of false
information regarding proclamation no. 1081.)
 be more relevant and reliable

R for Reliability

 where does the source come from? Information nowadays has a lot of sides ex. Apologist’s side
and FM’s opponent. (impromptu na me)
 The sources we used was discussed by Ms. Rosero

A for Authorship

 Who is responsible for the information?

Ferdinand E. Marcos was the author of the Proclamation no. 1081. September 21, 1972, he
signed the proclamation placing the Philippines under Martial Law. The document itself was dated
September 21. His first address to the nation under martial law was announced via broadcast on
September 23, 1972.

Roberto Benidicto

 founder of Daily Express, the only newspaper that was allowed to circulate upon declaration of
Martial Law.
 served as Chairman of Marcos’s party, Kilusang Bagong Lipunan, for Western Visayas, delivering
a sizeable number of votes for the future dictator.
 owned Philippine Exchange Company, the Philippines Daily Express, Radio Philippines Network
(RPN), Banahaw Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) and Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation
(IBC)
 classmate and Upsilon Sigma Phi fraternity brother at the UP Law School.
 Helped Marcos and his wife to create a swiss account (Saunders account) would later to be of
criminal origin. They both use flase name: William Saunders for Marcos and Jane Ryan for
Imelda
 KBS was the only full-color TV channel in the country at the time and it was later taken over by
Imee Marcos.
 Become the sugar king

The last one is P for Purpose

 Does the source have any biases or agenda? As i’ve mentioned earlier, only the Daily Express
newspaper was allowed to spread information during martial law. This means the only source of
the nation is in the side of the president. Some incidents such as deaths, torture and corruption
during FM’s time was not reported in the media.

General Order No. 4: Observance and enforcement of curfew hours

 was issued on September 21, 1972, by President Ferdinand Marcos of the Philippines.
 It is an order that implemented the declaration of Martial Law in the Philippines.
 curfew be maintained and enforced throughout the Philippines between the hours of twelve
o’clock midnight and four o’clock in the morning
 The order cited various justifications for the declaration of Martial Law, including the need to
suppress lawless violence, rebellion, and subversion.
 General Order No. 4 effectively placed the entire country under military control, giving President
Marcos and the armed forces significant powers to maintain order and suppress dissent.