Why copper or aluminium is not used for fins?

As ss 304 l is used for tube and shell so SS fins are used since here gas side heat
transfer resistance is controlling resistance so there is no major difference
related to material used for fins. And sins welding is more efficient with same
material
What happens if air is used instead of helium?
As thermal conductivity of helium is more than air ( Khelium=0.151 ,
air=0.026)heat transfer coefficient will be less if air is used so heat transfer area
required is more in for same heat load

Effectiveness and efficiency of fins?

Heat transfer wihout fin
Effectiveness= heat transfer with fin
0.5
kp
=
hA

The physical significance of the effectiveness of the fin are

1.
For effectiveness εf=1 indicates that the addition of the fin to the surface does
not affect heat transfer at all. In other word, the heat transfer to the fin through
the base area Aw is equal to the heat transferred from the same area Aw to the
surrounding medium.
2.
An effectiveness of εf<1 indicates that the fin actually acts as insulation,
slowing down the heat transfer rate from the surface to the surrounding. This
situation can occur when fins made of low thermal conductivity materials.
3.An effectiveness of εf>1 indicates that the fins are enhancing heat transfer rate
from the surface to the surrounding. However, the role of a fin cannot be
justified unless η is sufficiently larger than 1.

1) K should be maximum
2) p/A SHOULD BE MIN. SO USE THIN FINS
3) M=(hP/KA)^0.5
.

Why ss is used for both shell and tube?

Since water is used as cooling fluid.And shell side condensation is taking place
both are corrosive so to avoid corrosion ss is used

HOW MANY TIMES AREA IS INCREASED?

Does heat transfer coefficient increases when fins are used?

NO. it may increase or decrease. Reynolds no. increases at the same time
hydraulic diameter increases which can lead to decrease in heat transfer
coefficient

Efficiency of Fins?
High conductivity material.
As length of fin increases. efficiency decreases