INTERNAIONAL UNIVERSITY – VNU HCMC

SCHOOL OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

EE051IU
Principles of EE1

The Laplace Transform

in Circuit Analysis

Dr. Tran Le Giang

Spring 2023
EE051IU Principles of EE1 The Laplace Transform in Circuit Analysis

1 kΩ
+
5V +_ V
_
EE051IU Principles of EE1 The Laplace Transform in Circuit Analysis

1 kΩ
+
5V
V
1 kHz
_
EE051IU Principles of EE1 The Laplace Transform in Circuit Analysis

Laplace Transform

or
EE051IU Principles of EE1 The Laplace Transform in Circuit Analysis

The Laplace transform transforms the

problem from the time domain to the
frequency domain.

Once we solve the problem in the

frequency domain, we inverse-transform
the solution back to the time domain.
EE051IU Principles of EE1 The Laplace Transform in Circuit Analysis

Consider the unit function:

| | | | | | |
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
EE051IU Principles of EE1 The Laplace Transform in Circuit Analysis

Consider the decaying exponential function:

EE051IU Principles of EE1 The Laplace Transform in Circuit Analysis

Consider the sine wave:

EE051IU Principles of EE1 Introduction to the Laplace Transform

An Abbreviated List of Laplace Transform Pairs

EE051IU Principles of EE1 Introduction to the Laplace Transform

Laplace Transform

Inverse Laplace Transform

EE051IU Principles of EE1 Introduction to the Laplace Transform

Laplace Transform Properties

Operation Time Function Laplace Transform

Linearity
Combination
Multiplication by

Multiplication by
EE051IU Principles of EE1 The Laplace Transform in Circuit Analysis

Circuit Elements in the s Domain

A three-step procedure transforms circuit elements

into an s-domain equivalent circuit
1. Write the time-domain equation
2. Laplace transform the time-domain equation
3. Construct a circuit model that satisfies the
relationship between the s-domain current and
voltage
EE051IU Principles of EE1 The Laplace Transform in Circuit Analysis

Time-domain S-domain

Volt [V] Volt-second [V-s]

Ampere [A] Ampere-second [A-s]

Impedance [Ω] Impedance [Ω]

Admittance [s] Admittance [s]

EE051IU Principles of EE1 The Laplace Transform in Circuit Analysis

Circuit Elements in the s Domain

From Ohm’s law

Because R is a constant, the

Laplace transform of Ohm’s law is

where
EE051IU Principles of EE1 The Laplace Transform in Circuit Analysis

Circuit Elements in the s Domain

Consider an inductor

The Laplace transform gives

EE051IU Principles of EE1 The Laplace Transform in Circuit Analysis

Circuit Elements in the s Domain

EE051IU Principles of EE1 The Laplace Transform in Circuit Analysis

Circuit Elements in the s Domain

Consider an capacitor

The Laplace transform gives

EE051IU Principles of EE1 The Laplace Transform in Circuit Analysis

Circuit Elements in the s Domain

EE051IU Principles of EE1 The Laplace Transform in Circuit Analysis

Ohm’s Law in the s-domain

Kirchhoff’s Law in the s-domain

At every node in a circuit,

Around every closed path in a circuit,
EE051IU Principles of EE1 The Laplace Transform in Circuit Analysis

Example 01:
A 500 Ω register, a 16 mH inductor and a 25 nF capacitor are connected in parallel. Find
the equivalent admittance YAB of this parallel combination of elements as a rational
function of s.

C L R

B
EE051IU Principles of EE1 The Laplace Transform in Circuit Analysis

Example 02:
Consider the below circuit, use the Laplace transform method to find for
EE051IU Principles of EE1 The Laplace Transform in Circuit Analysis

Example 03:
Consider the below circuit, where the initial current in the inductor is 29 mA and the
initial voltage across the capacitor is 50V. Use the Laplace transform method to find
for
EE051IU Principles of EE1 The Laplace Transform in Circuit Analysis