Glasgow-Blatchford

score

The Glasgow-Blatchford bleeding score

(GBS) is a screening tool to assess the
likelihood that a person with an acute
upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) will
need to have medical intervention such as
a blood transfusion or endoscopic
intervention.[1] The tool may be able to
identify people who do not need to be
admitted to hospital after a UGIB.
Advantages of the GBS over the Rockall
score, which assesses the risk of death in
UGIB, include a lack of subjective variables
such as the severity of systemic diseases
and the lack of a need for
oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD) to
complete the score, a feature unique to the
GBS.

In a controlled study, 16% of people

presenting with UGIB had a GBS score of
"0", considered low. Among this group
there were no deaths or interventions
needed and people were able to be
effectively treated in an outpatient
setting.[2]
Criteria Glasgow-Blatchford
score

The score is Purpose need for

calculated using the blood
table below: transfusion
due to GI
bleeding
 Admission Score component
risk marker value
Blood urea (mmol/L)[3]
6.5–8.0 2
8.0–10.0 3
10.0–25 4
> 25 6
Haemoglobin (g/dL) for men
12.0–12.9 1
10.0–11.9 3
< 10.0 6
Haemoglobin (g/dL) for women
10.0–11.9 1
< 10.0 6
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)
100–109 1
90–99 2
< 90 3
Other markers
Pulse ≥ 100/min1
Melaena 1
Syncope 2
Hepatic disease 2
Cardiac failure 2

In the validation group, scores of 6 or more

were associated with a greater than 50%
risk of needing an intervention.
Score

Score is equal to "0" if the following are all

present:

Hemoglobin level > 12.9 g/dL (men) or

> 11.9 g/dL (women)
Systolic blood pressure > 109 mm Hg
Pulse < 100/minute
Blood urea nitrogen level < 6.5 mmol/L
No melena or syncope
No past or present liver disease or heart
failure
See also

Rockall score

References

1. Blatchford, O.; Murray, W. R.; Blatchford, M.

(2000). "A risk score to predict need for
treatment for uppergastrointestinal
haemorrhage" (http://www.thelancet.com/j
ournals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(00)0
2816-6/abstract) . Lancet. 356 (9238):
1318–1321. doi:10.1016/S0140-
6736(00)02816-6 (https://doi.org/10.1016%
2FS0140-6736%2800%2902816-6) .
PMID 11073021 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.
nih.gov/11073021) . S2CID 6371737 (http
 s://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:6371
737) . Retrieved 2009-02-17.
2. Stanley, A. J.; Ashley, D.; Dalton, H. R.;
Mowat, C.; Gaya, D. R.; Thompson, E.;
Warshow, U.; Groome, M.; Cahill, A.; Benson,
G.; Blatchford, O.; Murray, W. (2009).
"Outpatient management of patients with
low-risk upper-gastrointestinal
haemorrhage: multicentre validation and
prospective evaluation" (http://www.thelanc
et.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-67
36(08)61769-9/abstract#) . Lancet. 373
(9657): 42–47. doi:10.1016/S0140-
6736(08)61769-9 (https://doi.org/10.1016%
2FS0140-6736%2808%2961769-9) .
PMID 19091393 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.
nih.gov/19091393) . S2CID 1738579 (http
 s://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:1738
579) . Retrieved 2009-01-24.
3. "Archived copy" (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20141219161410/http://www.nice.org.u
k/guidance/cg141/evidence/cg141-acute-u
pper-gi-bleeding-full-guideline2) . Archived
from the original (http://www.nice.org.uk/g
uidance/cg141/evidence/cg141-acute-upp
er-gi-bleeding-full-guideline2) on 2014-12-
19. Retrieved 2014-12-19.

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