Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Aerozon is a trade mark made up from 'air' and 'ozone'. I occurs on German smoking acessories, air
cleaners as in perfume burners, nightlamps etc. for which many porcelain bodies were made, some
of them in Japan. The mark occurs between 1910-1933 by AEROZON-Fabrik, Georg und Berthold
Sternberg, Berlin. In 1933 AEROZON-Fabrik Schwarz & Co, Berlin, seems to have been owner for
a few months, the extent of involvment has so far not been possible to determine precisely. From
1933-1940, owned by August Brünell. From 1940 the company is used by Hermann Feese,
and later his son Artur Freese until today. The company's name today is Feese Dekorative
Leuchten. A catalog from 1954-63 occurs with 'Aerozone' products from Metallwarenfabrik
Hermann Feese also in Berlin. All according to a German collector's web page. (Information
updated by, Simone Loebsin, 2008.)
Aiko - Arita
Aoki, unknown meaning possible a family name. Porcelain made at Arita kiln
1193. Mark: Mark: Aoki, unknown meaning
possible a family name. Porcelain made at Arita
kiln. Bowl. Diameter 12", height 5".
Ardalt
The double A mark of Ardalt A, seems to have been a trademark for tableware, dishes, jars and
vases registered by ARDALT Inc. Corp., 95 Madison AVE., New York and first used in 1945. On
some pieces the trademark 'Lenwile' occurs which was also registered by the ARDALT Inc., in
1945, for use on figurines and statuettes. Both marks have been used on Japanese pieces. The name
Ardalt occurs also on pieces from other countries.
ARITA
Porcelain was produced in Arita for the first time in 1616 under the control by the feudal lord of
Nabeshima, or the present Saga Prefecture. Arita ware is also called Imari ware because the
products of the Arita kiln were mainly shipped from a nearby port of Imari. Arita porcelains of the
early days were typically made in the Chinese style of the period, with deep-blue patterns on a
white background, called sometsuke = "blue-and-white". In the 1640s, a new style called aka-e"
was invented, characterized by bright colors and bold patterns principally in red. These two styles,
"sometsuke" and "aka-e," dominate Japanese "Arita/Imari" wares. The products of the 17th and
18th centuries are typically called "Ko-imari" (old Imari) and "Ko-sometsuke" (old blue-and-
white).
880. Arita porcelain food (rice) bowl with
Japanese 'Imari' decoration. Mark: Fuki
Choshun, four Kanji characters that stands
for Wealth, Nobility, Longevity and Youth,
often used during the Edo period (1603-
1867) on Arita Imari. Meaning: good
fortune and long life'. Very common on
Imari dishes. Tentative date: 1820-50.
AWAJI
Awaji wares (Awaji island) monochrome ceramics with bright yellow or green glaze
BIBI
Might be the mark of a shop or trading company that commissioned pieces for sale, and got pieces
from various kilns marked like this. The mark occurs on several pieces of which some are almost
identical to Kutani. Recent information has it that Bibi is the name of a family import firm that
imported porcelain from Japan to Lebanon during the 1950s and 60s. This porcelain had a Bibi
mark on it and was sold in Beirut. The family might also have had a porcelain import business in
Palestine in the 1930s and 40s before they were forced to flee in 1947.
919. Mark "Made in Japan" over two characters
"Bibi".
Bijutsu Toki
CPC
609. C.P.C.
Ei
Eiraku
The Eiraku lineage were important and historically significant potters in Kyoto from the 18th
Century right through to the present day. In Chinese this mark would read same as the Ming
emperor Yongle (1404-1424).
1246. Mark: ei and raku, Eiraku lineage of potters of
Kyoto or the studio. Silver or gold work over a red
enamel ground is quite typical for Meiji (1868-1912)
period Eiraku pots. This bowl probably late Meiji or
Taisho (1913-1926).
Eisho
G
793. Mark: "G" in a wreath. This marks also
occur with the addition of "Occupied Japan",
while we can assume this mark dates to the early
1950's.
GIFT CRAFT
Toronto based Canadian company established in the 1940s and still active. Import and sells gift
wares from all over the world. Early products seems to be mostly Japanese. Canadian trademark
GIFTCRAFT filed 1941-11-03.
Giokusei, Seto/Nagoya
886. Japanese porcelain. Mark: Giokusei. Mid
Japan Seto/Nagoya/Kutani area, possible Nagoya
ware. Regarding the the first character, this can be
Gioku or tama, and the second as Sei-, Sho-I or
-noi. A normal Satsuma reading would be
Giokusei, as a town, Tama-noi, as an actors name
Tama-i. Date: early 20th century.
Goldcastle
GOLD IMARI
The Word Mark 'GOLD IMARI HAND PAINTED' was first used in the US on Japanese poircelain
the 1st of december 1959. The applicant was Arita Bussan Co., Ltd. Corp. Japan No. 8, 3-Chrome
Iida-Machi, Higashi-Ku, Nahoya, Japan. The mark was abandoned October 29, 1984.
HIRA
50. HIRA, Occupied Japan period (1945-52). Slightly
overdone marks, with colored backgrounds like this, on
the whole seems to date to the period immediately
following the second WW.
I Man Ri
1334. Tureen. Second half 20th century. Mark is I
Man Ri, where Man = 10,000 and Ri is a
measurement of distance equal to almost 3
kilometers. I pronounced "Ee" means you or another,
kind of vague. It is also a family name. There are
noway to know what this mark actually is referring
to, being it an achivment, a person or a company.
Date: contemporary / second half 20th century.
Imura, Yokohama
Izumi, Nippon
528.
Juzan gama
KB
KS
724. "K.S. - Hand Painted, Made in Occupied Japan". Date 1945-
52.
Kosan
1083. The mark probably reads Ko san yo, meaning the
Kosan kiln. Tentative date: Second half 20th century
probably around the 1960-70s.
Kozan ?
510. Mark: Kozan
MARUKU CHINA
Maruto Mu
Matsubara ?
Matsumura
982. Mark: Matsumura zo. Tentative date given raised
enamels and yellow/pink enamels probably late Taisho
into early Showa, or around 1920s.
Matsushita
1316. Mark: Nihon Yokohama - Matsushita No Sei . "Japan,
Yokohama, Made by Matsushita".
Mineta
Mokusen
580. Mark: Mokusen
Moriyama
Moriyama Pottery was located in MoriMachi in Shizuoka prefecture. Moriyama Pottery was
established in 1911 by Hidekichi Nakamura who was taught pottery making by Seison Suzuki.
There are currently four studios continuing the Moriyama tradition in and around Morimachi and
they are Seison, Seizon, Nakamura and Tame. There seems to be two primary stamps: one appears
to be a crown with a wreath of leaves similar to the wreath found on the Noritake stamp. This
stamp is marked "Moriyama Hand Paint Japan." The other is a bouquet of flowers and is marked
"Moriyama Made in Japan." The MM MARK, stands for 'Moriyama Morimachi' and has been
referenced to the Moriyama Factory at Morimachi Shizuoka Prefecture Japan.
NTC
Nagoya ?
887. Japanese porcelain. Possible Nagoya (Mid Japan
Seto/Nagoya/Kutani area) early 20th c.
Nagoya Seito Sho - N&Co, Nagoya, Nippon - Narumi Seito Sho - Meito China
In 1908 Nagoya Seito Sho Company was founded by Kotero Asukai, former employee of
Noritake. Other Noritake artisans were soon to follow to teh new company why this porcelain
might bear a close resemblance to Noritake porcelain. Their wares was also market Meito China.
During the WWII the company was sold and the name changed to Narumi Seito Sho. The Meito
China mark continued to be used after WWII with variations in the crown logo mark. Some
porcelain with Meito China marks are found with the addition "Made in occupied Japan".
684. N&Co Nagoya Nippon Porcelain. Purchased in
the U.S. in the early 1920's
Neifu (Ch.)
The mark Neifu (Ch.) appears on Chinese porelcelain from the Kangxi period and onwards. This
mark is a copy of Chinese Bleu de Hue (Glossary) porcelain for the Vietnamese market.
1278. Dish. Mark: Neifu (Ch.). Japanese transfer
printed copy of Chinese export porcelain intended for
the Vietnamese market. Date 1935-45.
Nikko
811. Japanese porcelain. Mark "Nikko". Most likely
date is the 1950's. The porcelain is probably bought
directly in Japan, since there are no western
characters in the mark. The reading of this
combination is nikko (sunlight/sunshine). Top
character can be read as Nichi, or jitsu. The bottom
character can be read as Ko meaning light or shine.
If read alone day or sun are the common meanings,
combined it is Nikko. The style of pattern design is
Satsuma influenced (probably from Kyoto, not
Kyushu) based on the way the gilding is applied,
the design of the rim, the color of the rim ground
and from the way a Satsuma trained artists
portrayed weeping wisteria (a favorite of Satsuma
floral designs).
Nippon
The word "Nippon" in western characters means "Japan" and occurs on most Japanese wares from
around 1890 until the early 1920's. From 1891 imports to America were required to be marked with
the country of origin, in western characters. Thus Japanese exports (to America) were marked with
"Nippon" in english from this date to 1922, when the requirement was changed to that the word
"Japan" should be used. These are the so-called "Nippon wares". However, the rule doesn't apply in
other countries nor always in America becuase sometimes paper labels and the like was used. So
while finding a back stamp saying "Nippon" is a useful dating aid its absence is not determinative.
Regarding 'Nippon' marked porcelain, wares marked 'Japan' or 'Made in Japan' have not been as
desirable as those marked 'Nippon'. Particularly in the US, Nippon marked pieces have always
brought a large premium over those marked Japan or Made in Japan and certainly more than
unmarked wares. This is true even for pieces of similar quality. In the 1960s, collector ranks
swelled and demand for marked Nippon pieces vastly exceeded the supply. Thus arose the transfer
(stencil) based fake Nippon mark applied by unscrupulous dealers to thousands of imported
Japanese porcelain. This kind of marks can be identified by the mark being applied inside a glaze
area looking a bit like a piece of scotch tape. The resulting flood of fakes became well known to
dealers and the more knowledgeable collectors.The motive was money as it usually is and the
confusion eventually dampened collector enthusiasm.
This Nippon Tokusei mark might be from a revival period, at the end of the 1950s. The characters
immediately below the "rising sun" reads on this mark form left to right (which is quite modern) as
Nippon (=Japan). The porcelain is of a very white and glassy type and the decoration as well as the
mark seems to be transfer printed with some not too advanced technique, leaving a textile pattern to
the printed decoration. You can also see that the beams in the sun are more even than the 'older'
ones, and that the characters below the sun are so even also they appears to be printed.
1132. The characters immediately below the "rising sun"
read from left to right as Nippon (=Japan). The two
characters written vertically read Nippon Tokusei i.e.
"Japan special make" or "Specially made in Japan".
Tentative date secong half of the 1950s.
This mark is Nippon Tokusei mark but with two unidentified characters ("mountain" = san
something) probably 1900-30's.
778. The characters immediately below the "rising sun"
read from right to left as Nippon (=Japan). The two
characters written vertically read Nippon Tokusei i.e.
"Japan special make" or "Specially made in Japan". The
two chartcters below is probably the name of the
factory.
Nishiyama
925. Mark: Nishiyama. Japanese porcelain. Probably
Arita/Imari/Sasebo, but not typical. Date: probably 1970-80.
OK
589. "OK" company mark, dragonware. 1930-50 Tajimi City
or Seto?
Okuyama
Okura Art China was established in 1919 in the suburb of Kamata in Tokyo by Magobei Okura and
his son Kazuchika who were both amongst the 6 founders of the Noritake company in 1904. Okura
pieces were made by hand and were of choice material, targeting the top segment of the market.
Marks include "OAC Noritake" and a 5 lobed trademark. Okura porcelain is still made today under
the name of Okura China Ltd, with its headquarter in Totsuka, Yokohama.
Rokuzo
891. Mark: Rokuzo under a Japanese gate of
honour. A formal gateway or arch such as the one
pictured is called a "torii" in Japanese. Japanese
porcelain, maybe 'Seto' area. Tentative date:
1920-40's.
SPP
606. Mark "SPP". Marks featuring a crown like this, on
the whole seems to date to the period immediately after
the second WW, i.e. late 1940's-early 1950's.
SAMURAI
Any information on "Genuine Samurai China" would be appreciated.
499. "Genuine Samurai China"
Sango
752. Mark: Sango, Fine China, Mid 20th century, tentaively
1960's.
Sanko Toen
SEIEI & CO
The SEIEI & CO were in business before WWII and seems to have shut down in 1962.
738. Mark: Bird in Circle, "Hand painted, Made in
Japan". "Lustreware". Around 1930.
SETO
Owari Province is modern Aichi Prefecture. Owari produces so many varieties of porcelain and
stoneware that the Japanese speak of porcelain and pottery in general as "Setomono" after the
village Seto, slightly north of Nagoya. Nagoya is the commercial and industrial metropolis of
Owari, and the greatest ceramic centre in Japan so far as the amount of products counts. See page:
Seto
SHIBATA
Shuzan
Suzuki Co.
17. In the top line, the top right and top left
characters are read together as "Nippon" (as in
No.6 above). The centre top and centre bottom
characters are the vertical characters in No.10,
whilst the lower right and lower left characters
may read from right to left as "SUZUKI". The
two characters written vertically read Nippon
Tokusei i.e. "Japan special make" or "Specially
made in Japan".
T
845. Mark: The letter "T" in a wreath, below it
says Japan. Lusterware (or lustreware)
developed by Noritake but the majority of
lustreware pieces are made by other
companies. One of them were the Takita
company, whose mark was T&T in two
rectangles. This could be a version of a Takita
mark, or just a similar mark. Date: probably
late 1920's to early 1930's.
1356. Mark: The letter "T" in a wreath, below
it says Japan. Lusterware (or lustreware)
developed by Noritake but the majority of
lustreware pieces are made by other
companies. One of them were the Takita
company, whose mark was T&T in two
rectangles. This could be a version of a Takita
mark, or just a similar mark. Date: probably
late 1920's to early 1930's.
Takahashi company
TAKITO COMPANY
The Takito company 1880-1948, is mostly known as one of those specializing on the Lustreware
type of decoration originaly developed by the Noritake company but pieces with moriage
decoration in Moriage a'la Kyoto Satsuma on porcelain, are also common. Between 1891 to 1921
the products should be marked 'Nippon'. Marks later than 1945 usually comes with the addition of
"Made in Occupied Japan ".
Tecuka
1342. Mark: Te cu ka or Te ka cu depending on reading
direction, tentative date first half of 20th century, maybe
1910-20
Tokyo
Uchida
348. Mark: Uchida.
W
I have started to wonder if maybe all these "wreat"-marks maybe are Noritake porcelain in
disguise. The W could be an up-side down M and so on. In 1941 the offices of the Morimura
Brothers Export Co were closed and the "M" as in Morimura inside the wreat was changed to an N
as in "Noritake", a name it would not officially have before 1981. Still the trade must have
continued even under the OJ period.
WH
Yamaka
SUNDRY
The following marks are still to be sorted into groups. Help appreciated.
536. Unknown.