Professional Documents
Culture Documents
4 7
Chapter
Chapter
iii
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iv Preface
▪▪ Link to the “opening company” of each chapter calls out examples of how the concepts
introduced in the chapter are connected to the opening company. This shows how account-
ing is used in the real world by real companies.
Chapter 6 Inventories 301
Finally, controls for safeguarding inventory should include security measures to prevent damage
and customer or employee theft. Some examples of security measures include the following:
▪▪ Storing inventory in areas that are restricted to only authorized employees
Best Buy ▪▪ Locking high-priced inventory in cabinets
▪▪ Using two-way mirrors, cameras, security tags, and guards
A ssume that in September you purchased a Sony HDTV from
Best Buy (BBY). At the same time, you purchased a Denon
Businesses such as Best Buy make similar assumptions when
identical merchandise is purchased at different costs. For example,
Link to
surround sound system for $599.99. You liked your surround sound Best Buy may have purchased thousands of Denon surround sound
so well that in November you purchased an identical Denon sys- systems over the past year at different costs. At the end of a period, Best Buy uses scanners to screen customers as they leave the store for merchandise that has not been pur-
tem on sale for $549.99 for your bedroom TV. Over the holidays, you
moved to a new apartment and in the process of unpacking discov-
some of the Denon systems will still be in inventory, and some will
have been sold. But which costs relate to the sold systems, and
chased. In addition, Best Buy stations greeters at the store’s entrance to keep customers from bringing in bags
that can be used to shoplift merchandise.
Best Buy
ered that one of the Denon surround sound systems was missing. which costs relate to the Denon systems still in inventory? Best
Luckily, your renters or homeowners insurance policy will cover the Buy’s assumption about inventory costs can involve large dollar
theft; but the insurance company needs to know the cost of the
system that was stolen.
amounts and, thus, can have a significant impact on the financial
statements. For example, Best Buy reported $5,051 million of inven-
Reporting Inventory
The Denon systems were identical. However, to respond to tory and net income of $897 million for a recent year. A physical inventory or count of inventory should be taken near year-end to make sure that
the insurance company, you will need to identify which system was This chapter discusses such issues as how to determine the
the quantity of inventory reported in the financial statements is accurate. After the quantity
stolen. Was it the first system, which cost $599.99, or was it the sec- cost of merchandise in inventory and the cost of goods sold. How-
ond system, which cost $549.99? Whichever assumption you make ever, this chapter begins by discussing the importance of control of inventory on hand is determined, the cost of the inventory is assigned for reporting in the
over inventory. financial statements. Most companies assign costs to inventory using one of three inventory
Best Buy conducts ongoing physical counts of inventory throughout the year as a basis for monitoring and Link to
predicting loss adjustments for theft. Best Buy
during a period. In such cases, when an item is sold, it is necessary to determine its cost using a assumptions and how
they impact the income
cost flow assumption and related inventory costing method. Three common cost flow assumptions
statement and balance
and related inventory costing methods are shown in Exhibit 1. sheet.
Chapter 9 Long-Term Assets: Fixed and Intangible 467
Exhibit 13 summarizes the characteristics of intangible assets. Exhibit 1 Cost Flow Assumptions
Exhibit 13
Intangible
Link to Best Buy Pages 301, 303, 314, 315, 316 Comparison of
Asset Description Amortization Period Periodic Expense
Why It Matters 1. Cost flow is in the order Intangible2.Assets
Cost flow is in the reverse 3. Cost flow is an average of
Patent Exclusive right to benefitPage Estimated
308 useful life not Amortization expense
in which the costs were order in which the costs the costs.
Analysis for Decision Making from an innovationPages 320–321
to exceed legal life incurred. were incurred.
Copyright Exclusive right to benefit Estimated useful life not Amortization expense
from a literary, artistic, or to exceed legal life
musical composition
First-in, First-out Last-in, First-out Weighted Average Cost
Trademark Exclusive use of a name, None Impairment loss if(FIFO)
fair (LIFO)
term, or symbol value less than carrying
Purchased Purchased Sold Purchased
299 value (impaired)
Goods Goods Goods Goods
Goodwill Excess of purchase price of None Impairment loss if fair
a business over the fair value less than carrying
value of its net assets value (impaired)
(assets ] liabilities)
98169_ch06_rev05_298-349.indd 299 18/08/17 2:25 pm
FIFO LIFO WEI
AVEGRHTED Sold
▪▪ New! Pathways Challenge encourages students’ interest in accounting andCOSAemphasizes
T
GE
Goods
the critical thinking aspect of accounting. A suggested answer to the Pathways Challenge
Sold
is provided at the end of the chapter.
Goods
Pathways Challenge
This is Accounting! 98169_ch06_rev05_298-349.indd 301 18/08/17 2:29 pm
Economic Activity
Verizon Communications Inc. (VZ) is the largest wireless service provider in the United States
with over 114 million retail subscribers. To deliver its products and services, Verizon must have access to
spectrum—the radio frequencies that carry sound, data, and video to wireless devices. However, spectrum
is a limited resource that the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) licenses to businesses for a period
of 10 years, subject to renewal. In a recent year, Verizon acquired almost $10 billion in wireless licenses.
Critical Thinking/Judgment
How should Verizon account for its acquisition of wireless licenses?
What is the useful life of a wireless license?
Should Verizon expense (amortize) the cost of its wireless licenses?
Suggested answer at end of chapter. Chapter 9 Long-Term Assets: Fixed and Intangible 493
Pathways Challenge
This is Accounting!
Information/Consequences
Because a wireless license does not exist physically, Verizon’s (VZ) wireless licenses are intangible assets.
All of the costs of acquiring a wireless license should be recorded as an asset. In a recent year, Verizon report-
ed almost $87 billion of wireless licenses, representing 35% of its total assets.
Even though the FCC license is granted for a 10-year period, Verizon considers this license to have an indef-
inite useful life. This is because the license is subject to renewal at a low cost and, historically, the FCC has
renewed Verizon’s licenses.
Verizon does not expense (amortize) the cost of its wireless licenses. Instead, the licenses are reviewed for
any impaired value.
Suggested Answer
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Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
the business. However, standby equipment for use during peak periods or when other equip-
ment breaks down is still classified as a fixed asset, even though it is not used very often. In
contrast, fixed assets that have been abandoned or are no longer used in operations are not
classified as fixed assets. Preface v
▪▪ Located in each chapter, Why It M atters shows students how accounting is important
In a recent financial statement, McDonald’s reported total property, plant, and equipment of over $34 billion, Link to
to businesses with which they are familiar. A Concept Clip icon indicates which Why It
which consists of land, buildings, and equipment.
Matters features have an accompanying concept clip video in CNOWv2. McDonald’s
CONCEPT CLIP
Why It Matters
CONCEPT CLIP
Fixed Assets the proportion of fixed assets to total assets. Retail has the high-
est percent of fixed assets to total assets, while social media and
F
ixed assets often represent a significant portion of a company’s software are on the lower end of the scale. High-tech service com-
total assets. The table that follows shows the fixed assets as panies often use fewer fixed assets to deliver their services than
a percent of total assets for some select companies across a will companies that use stores, equipment, planes, cell towers,
variety of industries. As can be seen, the type of industry will impact or theme parks.
Fixed assets have important properties that require management ▪ Fixed assets need to be maintained during use. Managers need to
attention: develop maintenance programs to keep the investment in fixed as-
▪ Fixed assets require a long-term commitment. Mistakes in acquir- sets productive.
ing fixed assets can be very costly and difficult to reverse; thus, ▪ Fixed assets often require significant funds to purchase. Managers
managers must take special care in acquiring fixed assets. must acquire funding internally or by other sources to finance the
▪ Fixed assets wear out over time and need to be replaced. Managers purchase of fixed assets.
must monitor fixed assets and know when to replace fixed assets
due to wear and tear or obsolescence.
▪▪ To aid comprehension and to demonstrate the impact of transactions, journal entries include
Chapter 5 Accounting for Retail Businesses
98169_ch09_ptg01_442-493.indd 445 238 Chapter 5 PM
25/09/17 5:34
the net effect of the transaction on the accounting equation.
Under the perpetual inventory system, cash purchases of merchandise are recorded as follows:
20Y8 20Y8
5 L 1 E Jan. 3 Inventory 2,510 A 5 L 1 E Jan. 3
Cash 2,510 12
Purchased inventory from Bowen Co.
The terms of purchases on account are normally indicated on the invoice or bill that the seller
sends the buyer. An example of an invoice sent to NetSolutions by Alpha Technologies is shown in
Exhibit 3. Exhibit 3.
Exhibit 3
Alpha Technologies Invoice
1000 Matrix Blvd. 106-8 Invoice
San Jose, CA 95116-1000
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Made in U.S.A.
Copyright 2019 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
vi Preface
▪▪ The link between the journal entry and the accounting equation is also included in the
accompanying CengageNOWv2 course in the accounting cycle chapters, reminding students
of the link—but not requiring them to actively make the link.
▪▪ To aid learning and problem solving, throughout each chapter new, Check Up Corners
provide students with step-by-step guidance on how to solve problems. Problem-solving tips
help students avoid common errors.
462 Chapter 9 Long-Term Assets: Fixed and Intangible
Solution:
a. Equipment sold for $95,000:
Cash 95,000
Accumulated Depreciation—Equipment 240,000
Loss on Sale of Equipment 5,000
Equipment 340,000
Cash 105,000
Accumulated Depreciation—Equipment 240,000
Equipment 340,000
Gain on Sale of Equipment 5,000 Selling Price – Book Value =
$105,000 – $100,000
Check Up Corner
Objective 4
Describe the
Natural Resources
accounting for natural Some businesses own natural resources such as timber, minerals, or oil. The characteristics of
resources, including natural resources are as follows:
the journal entry for
depletion. ▪▪ Naturally Occurring: An asset that is created through natural growth or naturally through
the passage of time. For example, timber is a natural resource that naturally grows over time.
▪▪ Removed for Sale: The asset is consumed by removing it from its land source. For
Copyright 2019 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. example,May timber
not beiscopied,
removed scanned,for use when it iniswhole
or duplicated, harvested,
or in part.andWCN minerals
02-200-202 are removed when
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are mined. in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
▪▪ Removed and Sold over More Than One Year: The natural resource is removed and sold
Note to Financial Statements:
Land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 5,465.0
Buildings and improvements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,207.1
Equipment and other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,771.3
Total cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $34,443.4 Preface vii
Source: Adapted from McDonald’s Corporation’s 2016 annual report.
▪▪ Analysis for Decision Making highlights how businesses use accounting information to make
The cost and
decisions and related accumulated
evaluate the depletion
health of of mineral rights areThis
a business. normally shown as students
provides part of the with context of why
“Fixed assets” section of the balance sheet. The mineral rights may be shown net of depletion on
accounting is important
the face of the balance to a
sheet. In such business.
cases, a supporting note discloses the accumulated depletion.
To illustrate, the following data (in millions) were taken from a recent financial statement
of McDonald’s Corporation (MCD):
Sales $24,621.9
Fixed assets (net):
Beginning of year 21,257.6
End of year 23,117.6
McDonald’s fixed asset turnover ratio for the year is computed as follows (rounded to one
decimal place):
Sales
Fixed Asset Turnover Ratio =
Average Book Value of Fixed Assets
$24,621.9
=
($21,257.6 + $23,117.6) ÷ 2
$24,621.9
= = 1.1
$22,187.6
Is 1.1 efficient? To answer this question, McDonald’s fixed asset turnover ratio can be com-
pared to other quick-service restaurant companies, as shown in Exhibit 14. Yum! Brands (YUM)
operates KFC, Pizza Hut, and Taco Bell quick-service restaurants. The other restaurants are likely
familiar by name.
▪▪ Make a Decision in the end-of-chapter material gives students a chance to analyze and compare
real companies.
98169_ch09_ptg01_442-493.indd 469 25/09/17 5:20 PM
Make a Decision
Fixed Asset Turnover Ratio
a. Compute the fixed asset turnover ratio for each company. Round to one decimal place.
b. Which company is more efficient in generating sales from fixed assets?
c. Interpret your results.
MAD 9-2 Analyze and compare Alaska Air, Delta Air Lines, and Southwest Airlines Obj. 7
Alaska Air Group (ALK), Delta Air Lines (DAL), and Southwest Airlines (LUV) reported
the following financial information (in millions) in a recent year:
REAL WORLD
a. Determine the fixed asset turnover ratio for each airline. Round to one decimal place.
b. Based on the fixed asset turnover ratio, which airline appears to be the most ef-
ficient in the use of its fixed assets?
c. The most important fixed asset to an airline is the aircraft. Given this, what factors
might influence the efficient use of fixed assets for an airline?
▪▪ At the end of each chapter, Let’s Review is a new chapter summary and self-assessment feature
that is designed to help busy students prepare for an exam. It includes a summary of each
learning objective’s key points, key terms, multiple-choice questions, exercises, and a sample
problem that students may use to practice.
▪▪ Sample multiple-choice questions allow students to practice with the type of assessments they
are likely to see on an exam.
▪▪ Short exercises and a longer problem allow students to apply their knowledge.
▪▪ Answers provided at the end of the Let’s Review section let students check their knowledge
immediately.
▪▪ Take It Further in the end-of-chapter activities allows instructors to assign other special activi-
ties related to ethics, communication, and teamwork.
CengageNOWv2
CengageNOWv2 is a powerful course management and online homework resource that provides
control and customization to optimize the student learning experience. Included are many proven
resources, such as algorithmic activities, a test bank, course management tools, reporting and
assessment options, and much more.
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Preface ix
SHOW ME HOW
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x Preface
MindTap eReader
The MindTap eReader for Warren/Jones’ Corporate Financial Accounting is the most robust
digital reading experience available. Hallmark features include:
▪▪ Fully optimized for the iPad.
▪▪ Note taking, highlighting, and more.
▪▪ Embedded digital media.
▪▪ The MindTap eReader also features ReadSpeaker®, an online text-to-speech application that
vocalizes, or “speech-enables,” online educational content. This feature is ideally suited for
both instructors and learners who would like to listen to content instead of (or in addition
to) reading it.
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Preface xi
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Acknowledgements
The many enhancements to this edition of Corporate Financial Accounting are the direct result of reviews, surveys, and
focus groups with instructors at institutions across the country. We would like to take this opportunity to thank those who
have helped us better understand the challenge of the financial accounting course and provided valuable feedback on our
content and digital assets.
Rick Andrews, Sinclair Community Ann Kelley, Providence College Special thanks to our Financial
College Charles Leflar, University of Arkansas Accounting Advisory Board Members:
Surasakdi Bhamornsiri, University of Eric Martin, University of Tennessee Reb Beatty, Anne Arundel Community
North Carolina at Charlotte Robert A. Martin, Kennesaw State College
Alan Blankley, University of North University Amy Bourne, Oregon State University
Carolina at Charlotte Michelle McFeaters, Grove City College Rachel Brassine, East Carolina University
Salma Boumediene, Montana State Dawn McKinley, Harper College Gregory Brookins, Santa Monica College
University Billings Jill Mitchell, Northern Virginia Marci Butterfield, University of Utah
Louise Burney, University of Community College – Alexandria Lawrence Chui, University of St.
Mississippi DeeAnne Lynn Peterson-Meyer, Thomas
James N. Cannon, Iowa State University University of Wisconsin – Eau Claire Jerrilyn Eisenhauer, Tulsa Community
Jack Cathey, University of North Jeffery Reinking, University of Central College – Southeast
Carolina at Charlotte Florida – Orlando Shari Fowler, Indiana University – East
Donna Chadwick, Sinclair Community Jenny Resnick, Santa Monica College Micah Frankel, California State
College Vernon Richardson, University of University – East Bay
Ming Lu Chun, Santa Monica College Arkansas Steven Hegemann, University of
Anne Clem, Iowa State University Patrick Rogan, Cosumnes River College Nebraska – Lincoln
Stephan Davenport, University of Jennifer Schneider, University of North Todd Jensen, Sierra College
Tennessee Chattanooga Georgia Sergey Komissarov, University of
David Deboskey, San Diego State Mary Sheil, Kennesaw State University Wisconsin – La Crosse
Desiree Elias, Florida International Mona Stephens, Southern New Anthony Kurek, Eastern Michigan
University Hampshire University University
Jim Emig, Villanova University Linda Stoller, Bentley University Joseph Larkin, Saint Joseph’s University
Valerie Evans, Kansas State University Nirmalee Summers, University of Gary Laycock, Ivy Tech Community
John Giles, North Carolina State Wisconsin – La Crosse College – Terre Haute
University Dominique Svarc, Harper College Kristy McAuliffe, San Jacinto College
Marcye Hampton, University of Central Bill Urquhart, Florida Atlantic Melanie McCoskey, University of Akron
Florida University Allison McLeod, University of North
Christopher Harper, Grand Valley State Rodney Vogt, Kansas State University Texas
University Rick Warne, University of Cincinnati Don Minyard, University of Alabama
Melanie Hicks, Liberty University Vivian Winston, Indiana University Micki Nickla, Ivy Tech Community
Jose Hortensi, Miami Dade College Jan Workman, East Carolina College – Gary
Md Safayat Hossain, Florida University John Robertson, Arkansas State University
International University Glen Young, Texas A&M University – Philip Slater, Forsyth Technical
Su-Jane Hsieh, San Francisco State College Station Community College
University Mustafa Younis, Tulane University Bob Urell, Irvine Valley College
Aileen Huang, Santa Monica College Fang Zhao, Florida International Alycia Marie Winegardner, University of
Julie Ying Huang, University of University Tennessee – Knoxville
Louisville Terri Ziegler, Ohio State University
xii
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About the Authors
Carl S. Warren
Dr. Carl S. Warren is Professor Emeritus of Accounting at the University of Georgia, Athens. Dr.
Jefferson P. Jones
Dr. Jefferson P. Jones is an Associate Professor of Accounting in the School of Accountancy at
Auburn University where he teaches financial accounting and applied financial research courses.
He received his Bachelor’s in Accounting and Master of Accountancy degrees from Auburn Univer-
sity and his PhD from Florida State University. Dr. Jones has received numerous teaching awards,
including the Auburn University Beta Alpha Psi Outstanding Teaching Award (eight times); the
Auburn University Outstanding Master of Accountancy Professor Teaching Award (five times); the
Auburn University Outstanding Distance Master of Accountancy Teaching Award (three times);
and the Auburn University College of Business McCartney Teaching Award. In addition, he has
made numerous presentations around the country on research and pedagogical issues. Dr. Jones
has public accounting experience as an auditor with Deloitte and Touche, holds a CPA certificate
in the state of Alabama (inactive), and is a member of the American Accounting Association, the
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA), and the Alabama Society of CPAs
(ASCPA). His research interests focus on financial accounting, specifically investigating the quality
of reported accounting information, and accounting education. He has published articles in numer-
ous journals, including Advances in Accounting, Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting,
Issues in Accounting Education, International Journal of Forecasting, and The CPA Journal. When
not at work, Dr. Jones enjoys playing golf and watching college football.
xiii
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Brief Contents
xiv
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Contents
1 Introduction to Accounting
and Business 2
Analysis for Decision Making 80
Horizontal Analysis 80
3
Opportunities for Accountants 7
2
Take It Further 155
Pathways Challenge 128, 157
Analyzing Transactions 56
Using Accounts to Record Transactions 59
Chart of Accounts 60
xv
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xvi Contents
Illustration of the Accounting Cycle 178 Financial Statements and Closing Entries for a Retail
Step 1. Analyzing and Recording Transactions Business 254
in the Journal 178 Multiple-Step Income Statement 254
Step 2. Posting Transactions to the Ledger 179 Single-Step Income Statement 256
Step 3. Preparing an Unadjusted Trial Balance 179 Statement of Stockholders’ Equity 256
Step 4. Assembling and Analyzing Adjustment Data 179 Balance Sheet 257
Step 5. Preparing an Optional End-of-Period Spreadsheet 181 The Closing Process 258
Step 6. Journalizing and Posting Adjusting Entries 182
Step 7. Preparing an Adjusted Trial Balance 182 Analysis for Decision Making 259
Step 8. Preparing the Financial Statements 182 Asset Turnover Ratio 259
Step 9. Journalizing and Posting Closing Entries 185 Appendix 1 Gross Method of
Step 10. Preparing a Post-Closing Trial Balance 185 Recording Sales Discounts 260
Analysis for Decision Making 188 Transactions 260
Working Capital and Current Ratio 188 Adjusting Entry 261
Subsequent Period 262
Appendix 1 End-of-Period Spreadsheet 190 Comparison with the Net Method 262
Step 1. Enter the Title 190
Step 2. Enter the Unadjusted Appendix 2 The Periodic Inventory System 263
Trial Balance 190 Chart of Accounts Under the Periodic Inventory System 263
Step 3. Enter the Adjustments 191 Recording Merchandise Transactions Under the
Step 4. Enter the Adjusted Trial Balance 192 Periodic Inventory System 264
Step 5. Extend the Accounts to the Income Statement and Balance Adjusting Process Under the Periodic Inventory System 265
Sheet Columns 193 Financial Statements Under the Periodic Inventory System 266
Step 6. Total the Income Statement and Balance Sheet Closing Entries Under the Periodic Inventory System 266
Columns, Compute the Net Income or Net Loss, and
Complete the Spreadsheet 194
Make a Decision 293
Preparing the Financial Statements Take It Further 294
from the Spreadsheet 195
Pathways Challenge 242, 297
Appendix 2 Reversing Entries 195
6
Make a Decision 227
Take It Further 229
Pathways Challenge 175, 231 Inventories 298
5
Control of Inventory 300
Accounting for Retail Safeguarding Inventory 300
Reporting Inventory 301
Businesses 232
Inventory Cost Flow Assumptions 301
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Contents xvii
Analysis for Decision Making 320 Allowance Method for Uncollectible Accounts 400
Inventory Turnover and Number of Days’ Sales in Inventory 320 Write-Offs to the Allowance Account 401
Estimating Uncollectibles 403
Appendix Estimating Inventory Cost 322
Retail Method of Inventory Costing 322 Comparing Direct Write-Off and Allowance Methods 409
Gross Profit Method of Inventory Costing 323 Notes Receivable 410
Make a Decision 345 Characteristics of Notes Receivable 410
Accounting for Notes Receivable 412
Take It Further 346
Reporting Receivables on the Balance Sheet 414
Pathways Challenge 317, 348
Analysis for Decision Making 415
7
Accounts Receivable Turnover and Number of Days’ Sales in
Receivables 415
9
Objectives of Internal Control 354
Elements of Internal Control 354 Long-Term Assets: Fixed and
Control Environment 355
Risk Assessment 356
Intangible 442
Control Procedures 356
Monitoring 358 Nature of Fixed Assets 444
Information and Communication 358 Classifying Costs 444
Limitations of Internal Control 359 The Cost of Fixed Assets 446
Cash Controls over Receipts and Payments 360 Leasing Fixed Assets 447
Control of Cash Receipts 360 Accounting for Depreciation 448
Control of Cash Payments 362 Factors in Computing Depreciation Expense 448
Bank Accounts 363 Straight-Line Method 449
Bank Statement 363 Units-of-Activity Method 451
Using the Bank Statement as a Control over Cash 365 Double-Declining-Balance Method 453
Comparing Depreciation Methods 454
Bank Reconciliation 366 Partial-Year Depreciation 457
Revising Depreciation Estimates 457
Special-Purpose Cash Funds 370
Repair and Improvements 458
Financial Statement Reporting of Cash 371
Disposal of Fixed Assets 460
Analysis for Decision Making 372 Discarding Fixed Assets 460
Days’ Cash on Hand 372 Selling Fixed Assets 461
8
Financial Reporting for Long-Term Assets:
Fixed and Intangible 468
Receivables 396 Analysis for Decision Making 469
Fixed Asset Turnover Ratio 469
Classification of Receivables 398
Accounts Receivable 398
Appendix Exchanging Similar Fixed Assets 471
Gain on Exchange 471
Notes Receivable 398
Loss on Exchange 472
Other Receivables 399
Copyright 2019 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. WCN 02-200-202
Copyright 2019 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
xviii Contents
10 Liabilities: Current,
Installment Notes, and
Contingencies 494
Appendix 1 Present Value Concepts and
Pricing Bonds Payable 556
Present Value Concepts 556
Pricing Bonds 559
12
Paying Payroll 504
Internal Controls for Payroll 504 Corporations: Organization,
Employees’ Fringe Benefits 504 Stock Transactions, and
Vacation Pay 504 Dividends 580
Pensions 505
Postretirement Benefits Other than Pensions 506
Nature of a Corporation 582
Installment Notes 507 Characteristics of a Corporation 582
Issuance 507 Forming a Corporation 583
Periodic Payments 507
Paid-In Capital from Stock 585
Contingent Liabilities 510 Characteristics of Stock 585
Probable and Estimable 510 Types of Stock 586
Probable and Not Estimable 510 Issuing Stock 588
Reasonably Possible 511 Premium on Stock 589
Remote 511 No-Par Stock 590
Reporting Liabilities 513 Accounting for Dividends 591
Analysis for Decision Making 513 Cash Dividends 592
Quick Ratio 513 Stock Dividends 593
11
Reporting Retained Earnings 598
Statement of Stockholders’ Equity 600
Liabilities: Bonds Payable 542 Reporting Stockholders’ Equity for Alphabet 601
13
Amortizing a Bond Discount 548
Bonds Issued at a Premium 550 Statement of Cash
Amortizing a Bond Premium 551
Bond Redemption 552 Flows 626
Reporting Bonds Payable 554
Reporting Cash Flows 628
Analysis for Decision Making 555 Cash Flows from Operating Activities 629
Times Interest Earned 555 Cash Flows from Investing Activities 631
Cash Flows from Financing Activities 631
Copyright 2019 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. WCN 02-200-202
Copyright 2019 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Contents xix
Appendix 1 Spreadsheet (Work Sheet) for Statement of Appendix 1 Unusual Items on the Income
Cash Flows—The Indirect Method 645 Statement 713
Analyzing Accounts 646 Unusual Items Affecting the Current Period’s
Retained Earnings 647 Income Statement 713
Other Accounts 647 Unusual Items Affecting the Prior Period’s
Preparing the Statement of Cash Flows 648 Income Statement 714
Appendix 2 Preparing the Statement of Cash Flows—The Appendix 2 Fair Value and Comprehensive Income 714
Fair Value 715
Direct Method 648
Comprehensive Income 715
Cash Received from Customers 649
Cash Payments for Merchandise 649 Make a Decision 743
Cash Payments for Operating Expenses 650
Gain on Sale of Land 650
Take It Further 744
Interest Expense 651 Pathways Challenge 707, 746
Cash Payments for Income Taxes 651
Reporting Cash Flows from Operating
Activities—Direct Method 651 Appendix A: Interest Tables A-2
Make a Decision 680 Appendix B: Revenue Recognition B-1
Take It Further 683 Appendix C: International Financial Reporting
Standards (IFRS) C-1
Pathways Challenge 642, 684
Appendix D: Investments D-1
Appendix E: Nike Inc., Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year
Ended May 31, 2017 Selected Excerpts E-1
14 Financial Statement
Analysis 686
Appendix F: Special Journals and Subsidiary
Ledgers (online) F-1
Glossary G-1
Analyzing and Interpreting Financial Statements 688 Index I-1
The Value of Financial Statement Information 688
Techniques for Analyzing Financial Statements 689
Copyright 2019 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. WCN 02-200-202
Copyright 2019 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
What Successful Students Are Saying
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Do not put off homework – it is more
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important than you know – and when in
assigned
—Brandy J. Gibson, Business Administration need – ASK FOR HELP!!
Major Ivy Tech Community College homework.
—Sally Cross, Accounting Major
You need to attend every class and pay Ivy Tech Community College
attention. Take good notes and do all the
homework.
Come to class every day – if you miss a class, you miss a lot of notes and
example problems. Homework is vital and so is studying for tests – you need
to learn the different formulas and equations.
(1839)