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2D Density Chart

This section explains how to build a 2d density chart or a 2d histogram with python. Those
chart types allow to visualize the combined distribution of two quantitative variables. They can
be build with Matplotlib or Seaborn .

💡 What is a 2D density chart?

There are several chart types allowing to visualize the distribution of a combination of 2
numeric variables. They always have a variable represented on the X axis, the other on the Y
axis, like for a scatterplot (left).

Then the number of observations within a particular area of the 2D space is counted and
represented with a color gradient. The shape can vary: hexagones result in a hexbin chart ,
squares in a 2d histogram . A kernel density estimate can be used to get a 2d density plots
or a contour plots

Confusing? Visit data-to-viz to clarify..

More viz explanation Show me the code

Contour plot with Seaborn

The contour plot can be easily built thanks to the kdeplot() function of the Seaborn library.
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2D histogram with Seaborn

Build a 2d histogram thanks to the hist2d() function of the Seaborn library. Do not forget to
play with the bins argument to find the value representing the best your data.
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Hexbin chart with Matplotlib

Split the graph area in hexagones and you get a hexbin density chart. This time, it is
matplotlib that gets you covered thanks to its hexbin() function.
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2d density chart with Matplotlib

2D densities are computed thanks to the gaussian_kde() function and plotted thanks with the
pcolormesh() function of matplotlib() .
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2d density and marginal plots

2D densities often combined with marginal distributions. It helps to highlight the distribution of
both variables individually. It is pretty straightforward to add thanks to the jointplot()
 function of the Seaborn library.
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Correlation

Scatterplot Heatmap Correlogram Bubble

Connected Scatter 2D Density

Contact

👋 This document is a work by Yan Holtz. You can contribute on

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