Severe Acute Respiratory

Syndrome

Presented by
Mison Bagra(07)
Medang Bagang(09)
 Introduction
Severe Acute Respiratory syndrome

• Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

is a communicable viral disease,
caused by a new strain of
coronavirus.
• The earliest case was traced back to
late 2002-2003 , originating in
southern china.
 Epidemiological aspect

-Health care workers (mostly involved in aerosols generation)account

for 21% of SARS cases.
-Children are rarely affected by SARS
-No evidence of SARS has been found in infants of mothers who
were infected during pregnancy.
- International flights have been associated with the highest
transmission of SARS.
 Mode of transmission

1.Direct Transmission
a. Respiratory Droplets
- primary mode of transmission
b. Close Contact

2.Indirect Transmission
a. Fomite Transmission
 Clinical Features
Incubation period: 2-7 days (commonly 3-5 days)
Symptoms: Fever
Chills
Headache
Dizziness
Cough
Shortness of breath
Respiratory distress
Sore throat
Running nose
Severity: Ranges from mild respiratory symptoms to severe pneumonia.
• Complication : Respiratory failure- pulmonary decompensation
• Pneumonia
• Organ dysfunction
• Secondary infection
• Long term effect - chronic fatigue,psychological effect
• Economic effect - Travel restrictions , trade and strain on health
care system
• Psychosocial effect - fear , anxiety
 Diagnosis and Detection

1.Laboratory Test:
- Conventional reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR)
- Real time reverse transcriptase PCR (real time RT-PCR)
-Enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
- Immunofluorescent assay (IFA

2.Imaging:
-Chest X- ray
- CT scan
 Chest X-ray
• CXR findings typically
begins with a small,
unilateral patchy
shadowing and progress
over 1-2 days to become
bilateral and generalized,
with interstitial infiltration.
Treatment
1. Supportive care:-
- oxygen therapy
- mechanical ventilation
2. Antiviral medicine:-
- ribavirin
-lopinavir/ritonavir
3.corticosteroids:-
-reduce inflammation in the lungs
4. Isolation and infection control:-
5.Global collaboration
 Prognosis

-The overall mortality rate for SARS was estimated to be around 9-10%, but is varied by age
group and health status.
-Mortality is age related
-poor prognostic effects include:
. advanced age
. chronic hepatitis B
.Diabetes mellitus
.acute kidney disease
.low count of CD4 and CD8
 Prevention and control
1.Isolation and Quarantine
2.Infection control in healthcare setting
3.Travel restrictions
4.Public Health Communication
5.Contact Tracing
6.Community Engagement
7.Post-Outbreak Evaluation
 Conclusion
SARS highlighted the importance of rapid response, global
collaboration,and stringent public health measures in contr
emerging infectious disease.
Preparedness and surveillance became crucial
components of future pandemic planning.
The experience with SARS have informed and shaped our
approach to managing infectious diseases,guiding efforts to
protect public health on a global scale.
 "SARS showed us the power of working
together globally for our health. When we
stand united, we stand stronger against
emerging threats."
 References

-Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine.

-wikipedia
Thank you