Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region XI
Division of Davao City

TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION

NAME: ______________________________________________DATE:________________
YEAR & SECTION: _________________________________

TASK SHEET
COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING 12
Quarter 2
Week No.1

SETTING-UP COMPUTER NETWORKS

CONTENT STANDARDS: The learners demonstrate an understanding of

concepts and principles in setting up computer networks.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS: The learners shall be able to set up computer

networks based on established procedures and system requirements for hardware
requirements.

LEARNING COMPETENCIES: Install network cables

(TLE_IACSS9- 12SUCN-IVa-j-33) Copper cable splicing and cable testing

DISCUSSION OF THE LESSON

Look around you and observe the business section, education, organizations, social
media, and even individuals, everyone is very busy sharing messages and
information across key channels, and without you knowing it is already
networking.

Computer Network is a setup that joins two or more computers to share resources
and information. The integration of computers and various such gadgets allows
users to converse more effortlessly and considering the monetary value, it is less
expensive. For example, instead of buying one printer for every employee, why not
buy a single printer, connect it to the network, and configure it so that every user
in the company can print to it?

To have a good network, you must take other factors into account, like the
performance of your network connection, which includes transmitting time and
response time. The length of time needed for a message to get from one device to

1
another is known as the transmitting time. The period between a request and a
response is known as the response time. Numerous variables, such as the number
of users, the medium type used, and the technology, affect the network's
performance. Reliability of your network, network accuracy is measured by the
frequency of failure and the time it recovers from it. And the Security of your
network, which protects the data from unauthorized access, the prevention of data
loss and development, and the implementation of policies and processes for breach
recovery.
If you are planning to set up your network you must consider what type of network
communication medium you will use, the Wired Network uses wires such as copper
wire, twisted wire, and fiber optic cable to connect devices, or a Wireless Network
uses media that is made up of electromagnetic waves or infrared waves, or radio
frequency waves.

WIRED NETWORK WIRELESS NETWORK

Source Image: https://icograms.com/usage-network-diagram

If you choose the Wired
Network, then you must know how to splice, test, and install the network cables
according to its requirements. The common type of network cable is the Copper
cable which uses electrical signals in transmitting data between networks such as
coaxial, unshielded twisted pair, and shielded twisted pair. And Fiber Optics cabling
is a very thin flexible glass where light travels quickly through the light-reflecting
inside the wall of the cable using a transmitter. Each type of cable has a particular
function as well as benefits. Installing the incorrect cable will prevent the system
from operating at its peak performance. So to achieve the best performance of your
network, choose the right cable considering the surroundings, distance, bandwidth,
transmission, and capacity.

2
Let us see the advantages and disadvantages of both cables based on categories.

Copper
Fiber Cable
Category Optic

Bandwidth High Low

Distance Covered Long distance Short distance
Security Intercept data transmission is can easily intercept copper
very difficult cable only connecting taps
to a line to pick up the
electronic signals

Immunity to EMI Due to the non-conducting Copper wire is a conductor

and RFI nature of fiber optic cable, so there is very low
(EMI – Electromagnetic electrical signals do not immunity to EMI and RFI
interference
interact with it. Thus, there is
RFI – Radio frequency
interference)
very high immunity to EMI
and RFI (Completely immune)
Immunity to Very high because of its non- Very low
electrical hazards conducting materials
Size of cable The speed of fiber cable is The weight of the used
independent of its size, and it cable directly affects the
weighs far less than copper. speed of copper wire. More
This makes it simpler to use cable is needed to achieve
and less space-intensive in a greater speed, which
small places. takes up more space in a
system room.
Media and Very high Low
connector costs
Installation skills required highly skilled Required few technical
required technicians skills
Safety precautions High Low
Power over Does not provide such a Provide facility for PoE
Ethernet (PoE) facility
Flexibility Less flexible More flexible
Reliability More reliable Less reliable

3
 Types of Copper cable

Twisted pair cables come in the forms of UTP (Unshielded twisted pair) and STP
(Shielded twisted pair), which serve as transmission mediums and provide
dependable connectivity for electronic devices. The fundamental difference between
UTP and STP is that UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair), is a cable containing wires that
are twisted together to prevent noise and crosstalk and it is the most prevalent type
of telecommunication medium used today, while STP (Shielded Twisted Pair), on the
other hand, is a twisted pair cable enclosed in a foil or mesh shield that protects
the line from electromagnetic interference. Despite having different designs and
manufacturing processes, both work toward the same purpose.

Coaxial cable is a common sight because of how frequently it is used throughout

countless residences. It has been in use since the turn of the 20th century and is
still used by internet service providers, cable operators, and phone companies to
transmit data, video, and audio. It is well known for its accurate and dependable
transmission.

Understanding the different types of cables and their uses make it easy for you to
decide which cable best suit your network.

Cable Splicing and testing

A Cable Splice is the joining of two or more conductors in a way that creates a
permanent electrical termination and mechanical link. Splicing can be in a form of
a crimping technique or the soldering process.

An Ethernet cable is a network cable with a high-speed wired network connection

between two devices and it is constructed of four twisted-pair conductor pairs or
four-pair cables. The connector, known as an RJ45 connector, is used for data
transfer at both ends of the cable. Cat 5, Cat 5e, Cat 6, and UTP cables are the
different types of Ethernet cables.

In splicing an ethernet cable, you should also consider the different devices in a
network. If you are going to network non-similar devices Straight-through cables
should be used otherwise, Cross-over cables for connecting similar devices. While a
Rollover cable, also known as Yost cable, Cisco cable, or a Console cable is a type of
null-modem cable that is used to connect a computer terminal to a router's console
port. The reason it is called a rollover is that one end's pinouts are the opposite of

4
the other, making it appear as though the wire has been turned over and you are
looking at it from the opposite side.

Straight-through
Below is a simple illustration for cable
better understanding.

Computer
Source Image:
Router
https://illustoon.com/?
Source Image:
id=2773
https://www.lifewire.com/

Cross-over cable

Router
Source Image:
https://www.lifewire.com/
Twisted-pair copper network
Router
Source Image:
cables can be terminated using either the T568A or
what-is-a-router-2618162

T568B wiring schemes and then connected to 8-position RJ45 ports and
https://www.lifewire.com/

connectors.

PIN # Color Code PIN # Color Code

1 White Orange 1 White Green
2 Orange 2 Green
3 White Green 3 White Orange
4 Blue 4 Blue
5 White Blue 5 White Blue
6 Green 6 Orange
7 White Brown 7 White Brown
8 Brown 8 Brown

T-568B T-568A

Straight-through cable

Cross-over cable Rollover cable

These two criteria are remarkably similar. The only difference between them is the
swapping of pairs 2 and 3 (green and orange).

5
Let us now learn how to splice and test the most common form of network cable.
Below are the tools and materials needed;

Materials
Registered Jack-45 (RJ 45) connector
- Is an 8-pin connector used for ethernet network
adapters.

UTP Cable
- is a type of computer networking cable that is
made of two shielded wires that have been twisted
around one another

Tools
Crimping Tool
- It is used to join two pieces of metal by deforming
one or both of the metals to hold each other.

Wire stripper
- It is used to remove cable jackets, or protective
covering to reveal the underlying wires.

Cable tester
- It is used to test the connectivity and strength of
the assemblies wire.

Step on how to splice a Straight-through cable

1. Strip the cable back 1 inch (25 mm) from

the end. Squeeze the cable firmly into the
tool's stripper part of the wire stripper. Then,
to make a precise cut in the cable, move the
crimping tool or wire stripper around it in a
smooth, even motion. To remove the
sheathing, keep the instrument gripped and
pull away from the wire's end.

2. Untwist and straighten the wires inside

the cable. Inside the cable, there are smaller
wires twisted together. Separate the twisted
wires and straighten them out so you easily
sort them into the right order.
 Cut off the small plastic wire separator.

6
3. Arrange the wires in the right order.
The proper sequence is as follows from left to
right: Orange/White, Orange, Green/White,
Blue, Blue/White, Green, Brown/White,
Brown.
 There are 8 wires and the wires labeled
Orange/White or Brown/White indicate
the small wires that have 2 colors.

4. Cut the wires into an even line 1⁄2 inch

(13 mm) from the sheathing. To keep the
wires organized, hold them between your
thumb and index finger. Then, cut them into
an even line using the crimping tool's cutting
section.
 The cutting section of the tool will
resemble wire cutters.
 The wires must be in an even line to be
crimped into the RJ-45 connector
properly.

5. Insert the wires into the RJ-45

connector. Hold the RJ-45 connector with the
little metal pins facing up and the clip on the
underside. All of the cable's tiny wires should
fit into the connector's tiny grooves as you
insert the cable into it.
 The sheathing of the cable should fit
just inside of the connector so it’s past
the base.
 The wires must be inserted in the
correct order and each wire must fit
into a groove before you crimp the
connector.

6. Stick the connector into the crimping

part of the tool and squeeze twice. The
connector should be inserted into the crimping
area of the tool. To crimp the connector and
secure the wires, squeeze the handles. To
make sure all of the pins are pressed down, let
go of the handles and then compress the tool
once more.
 The crimping tool pushes small pins in
the grooves down onto the wires to
hold and connect them to the RJ-45
connector.

7
 7. Remove the cable from the tool and
check that all of the pins are down. When
you remove the connector from the tool, check
the pins to make sure they are all pushed
down evenly. To make sure the connector is
connected to the cable, give it a gentle twist.
 If any of the pins aren’t pushed down,
put the wire back into the crimping
tool and crimp it again.

8. Test your cable. Using the cable tester

insert both ends of your finished cable into the
testing tool to check for a signal. The indicator
light flashes very pin simultaneously. Your
cable is now ready to use.
If there are pins that do not have a signal, try
to stick the connector into the crimping part of
the tool and squeeze it again.

Activity 1: True or False

Instruction: Read and understand the statement and write T if the statement is
true otherwise F.
_______1. A network is the joining of two or more conductors in a way that creates a
permanent electrical termination and mechanical link.
_______2. A coaxial cable is a network cable with a high-speed wired network
connection between two devices.
_______3. The only difference between T568A and T568B is the swapping of
pairs 5 and 7.
_______4. In connecting two different devices cross-over cables should be used.
_______5. UTP is a twisted pair cable enclosed in a foil or mesh shield that protects
the line from electromagnetic interference.

Performance Task 1: Create an ethernet cable

Instruction: Using the tools and materials provided, create a straight-through
cable and cross-over cable: Allotted time 30 mins

Materials needed: UTP cable, RJ45

Tool needed: Crimping tool, wire stripper, Cable tester
Area: Classroom, CSS Laboratory

Create and Test Ethernet cable Yes No

 Successfully create straight-through cable using T568A
(10pts)
 Successfully create straight-through cable using T568B
(10pts)
 Successfully create cross-over cable (10pts)
 Successfully create rollover cable (10pts)

8
 Total Score (40pts)

Rubric:

REFERENCE:
GeekforGeeks. What is Computer Networking? Accessed on August 16, 2022, from
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/what-is-computer-networking/
BBC Online. The Internet. Accessed on August 16, 2022, from,
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zp9jpv4/revision/3

Ricardo Mitchell, Et al. Cabling and Wiring Connection(2022). Accessed on August

27, 2022, from How to Crimp Rj45: 14 Steps (with Pictures) - wikiHow

Networkustad. Advantages and disadvantages of copper cable(2019). Accessed on

August 20, 2022, from https://networkustad.com/tag/advantages-and-
disadvantages-of-copper-cable/

CABIT Services. Fibre Optic Advantages & Disadvantages. Accessed on August 20,
2022, from https://www.cabits.com/fibre-optic-cable-advantages-disadvantages/

Techdifferences. Difference between UTP and STP Cables. Accessed on August 21,
2022, from https://techdifferences.com/difference-between-utp-and-stp-
cables.html
K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum JHS and SHS Technical Vocational
Livelihood Track Information and Communications Technology – Computer
System Servicing NC II

Prepared by:

MAY M. ABENOJA
T-II