National Conference on Nonlinear differential equations

and their applications (NCNDEA’2024) 10-11 February 2024,

Oum El Bouaghi - Algeria

SOME EXISTENCE RESULTS FOR A NONLINEAR THIRD ORDER

BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS

DJAMEL-EDDINE HETTADJ1∗
Mathematics Department, Relizane University
E-mail: djameleddine.hettadj@univ-relizane.dz
HABIB DJOURDEM2
Mathematics Department, Relizane University
E-mail: djourdem.habib7@gmail.com
Abstract
In this work, we set up suitable conditions for the existence of solutions for a nonlinear boundary value
problems of third order differential equations including nonlocal integral boundary condition.To obtain the
existence results, we use Krasnoselskiis fixed point theorem in cones.
Mots-Clefs: Positive solutions, Cone, Fixed point.
Classification MSC2010: Primaire 34B15, 34B18, Secondaire 33E30.

1 Introduction
Third-order differential equations arise in a variety of different areas of applied mathematics and
physics, for example, in the deflection of a curved beam having a constant or varying cross section, a
three-layer beam, electromagnetic waves or gravity driven flows and so on [3]. Third-order boundary
value problems BVP with integral conditions have attracted a lot of attention [1, 2]. In this work,
we study the existence of positive solutions on [0, T ], for the BVP
u000 (t) + a(t)f (t, u(t)) = 0,0<t<T (1.1)
Z η
u(0) = u00 (0) = 0, u(T ) = α u(s)ds, (1.2)
0
where 0 < η < T. Our main goal is to give some results for existence of positive solutions to
(1.1)-(1.2), supposing that 0 < α < 2T
η2
and f is either superlinear. Set

f (t, u) f (t, u)
f0 = lim+ , f∞ = lim . (1.3)
u−→0 u u−→∞ u
Then f0 = 0 and f∞ = ∞ correspond to the superlinear case, and f0 = ∞ and f∞ = 0 correspond to
the sublinear case. By the positive solution of (1.1)-(1.2), we mean that a function u(t) is positive
on 0 < t < T and satisfies the problem (1.1)-(1.2).
We assume that:

Corresponding author:
D.HETTADJ1 ; djameleddine.hettadj@univ-relizane.dz

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 National Conference on Nonlinear differential equations
and their applications (NCNDEA’2024) 10-11 February 2024,
Oum El Bouaghi - Algeria

(H1 ) f ∈ C ([0, T ] × [0, +∞))

(H2 ) a ∈ (C ([0, T ] × [0, +∞)) and ther exists t0 ∈ [η, T ] such that a(t0 ) > 0.

The proof of the main theorem is based upon an application of the following Krasnoselskii’s fixed
point theorem in a cone.

2 Main results
Theorem 2.1. Let E be a Banach space, and let K ⊂ E be a cone. Assume that Ω1 and Ω2 are
open subsets of E with 0 ∈ Ω1 , Ω1 ⊂ Ω2 , and let

A : K ∩ (Ω2 \ Ω1 ) −→ K
be a comletely continuous operator such that

(i) kAuk ≤ kuk, u ∈ K ∩ ∂Ω1 , and kAuk ≥ kuk, u ∈ K ∩ ∂Ω2 ; or

(ii) kAuk ≥ kuk, u ∈ K ∩ ∂Ω1 , and kAuk ≤ kuk, u ∈ K ∩ ∂Ω2
Then A has a fixed point in K ∩ (Ω2 \ Ω1 ).

Lemma 2.1. Let 2T 6= αη 2 . Then for y ∈ C([0, T ], [0, ∞)), the problem

u000 (t) + y(t) = 0, (2.1)

Z η
00
u(0) = u (0) = 0, u(T ) = α u(s)ds, η ∈ (0, T ), α > 0, (2.2)
0
has a unique solution given by
Z T Z η
1 t
Z
t 2 αt 3
u(t) = 2
(T − s) y(s)ds − 2
(η − s) y(s)ds − (t − s)2 y(s)ds.
2T − αη 0 3(2T − αη ) 0 2 0

Lemma 2.2. Let 0 < α < 2T η2

. If y ∈ C([0, T ], [0, ∞)), then the unique solution of the problem
(2.1)-(2.2) satisfies u(t) ≥ 0 for t ∈ [0, T ].
2T
Lemma 2.3. Let α > η2
. If y ∈ C([0, T ], [0, ∞)), then the problem (2.1)-(2.2) has no positive
solution.
2T
Lemma 2.4. Let 0 < α < η2
. If y ∈ C([0, T ], [0, ∞)), then the unique solution of the problem
(2.1)-(2.2) satisfies

min u(t) ≥ γkuk, ku(t)k = max |u(t)|,

t∈[η,T ] t∈[0,T ]

where
η αη 2 αη(T − η)
 
γ := min , , .
T 2T 2T − αη 2

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 National Conference on Nonlinear differential equations
and their applications (NCNDEA’2024) 10-11 February 2024,
Oum El Bouaghi - Algeria

Theorem 2.2. Assume (H1 ) and (H2 ) hold, and 0 < α < 2T η2
.
Then the problem (1.1)-(1.2) has at least one positive solution in the case

(i) f0 = 0 and f∞ = ∞ (superlinear), or

(ii) f0 = ∞ and f∞ = 0 (sublinear).

References
[1] A. Boucherif, SM. Bouguima, Z. Benbouziane and N.Al-Malki, Third order differential equations
wit ntegral boundary conditions, Nonlinear Anal., Volume (71), (2009), 17361743.

[2] H. Djourdem and S. Benaicha, Solvability for a nonlinear third-order three-point boundary value
problem, Universal Journal of Mathematics and Applications, Volume 1(2), 2018, 125131.

[3] M. Gregus, Third Order Linear Differential Equations, Math. Appl. Reidel, Dordrecht (1987).

[4] M.A. Krasnoselskii, Positive Solutions of Operator Equations, P. Noordhoff, Groningen, The
Netherlands, 1964.

Corresponding author:
D.HETTADJ1 ; djameleddine.hettadj@univ-relizane.dz