Name of the Student__________________________________________________

Learning Area/Grade Level: ___________________________________________

Date: ___________________________________

I. INTRODUCTORY CONCEPT

Faults are found at the sharp edges of two tectonic plates, usually along
divergent and transform plate boundaries. Faults are zones of weakness in the
crusts and earthquakes occur repeatedly in these areas. You have learned already
the difference between epicenter of an earthquake from its focus. You have
performed activity in comparing the magnitude and intensity of an earthquake.

In this lesson, we will focus on differentiating active and inactive faults and
finding some deadly fault generating earthquakes in the Philippines.

II. LEARNING SKILLS FROM THE MELC

MELC: III. The learners should be able to differentiate active and inactive faults. (S8ES
- IIa-15)
Objectives:
The learners should be able to:

1. Identify active and inactive faults.

2. Differentiate active and inactive faults.
3. Participate in decision making on where to build structures based on
knowledge of the location of active faults in the community.

III. ACTIVITIES

A. Elicit

Before you start, revisit what are faults , how they are formed,
and the concepts about earthquake’s epicenter and focus by doing
the activity.

Direction: Draw a happy emoji if the statement is true and draw a sad emoji
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 if it is incorrect.

F A C T or B L U F F
1. A fault is a break on the earth’s crust where pressure builds up.
When this pressure is released, an earthquake happens.
2. The focus is the origin of an earthquake.
3. The epicenter of an earthquake is the area on the surface directly
above the focus.
4. Every time a fault slip, an earthquake is generated.
5. Earthquakes result from sudden movements along faults, creating
a release of energy.

It is important to note that faults are associated with earthquake. Whenever there
is movement along fault, it can generate earthquake. You need this concept for
you to better understand the topic for this learner’s packet.

B. Engage
Pacific Ring of Fire
- Where the Philippines is located and it
is a series of interconnected seismic
plates that cause earthquakes and
volcanic eruptions.
Pacific Ring of Fire is Littered
- The country sits on the Philippine
with Volcanoes and Prone to
Plate which is sandwiched by the
Earthquakes
Pacific Plate and Indian Plate.
National Geographic reported that 542 of the 1,500 active volcanoes are
there are some 452 active and
dormant volcanoes spread out located in “Ring of Fire”
across the Ring of Fire (including
plenty of submarine vents and
fissures that erupt underwater).

https://science.howstuffworks.com/environ
mental/earth/geology/ring-of-fire.htm

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 Do you think all faults can cause How will you know if a fault
earthquake? shows sign of earthquake
tremor?

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As you go along with this learning material, always have this question in your mind:
“What is the difference between active and inactive fault?
To help you answer these questions, you need to answer the succeeding activity.

In the next activity, you are going to differentiate active fault and inactive
fault. Read the directions carefully and answer the guide questions that
follow.

C. Explore

Activity: ACTIVE and INACTIVE FAULTS

Procedure:
Study the table showing the list of faults found here in the Philippines with
their location and records of seismic activities.

Table 1: List of Faults in the Philippines

With recorded Record of
Fault Location Length
earthquake activity earthquake over
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 for the past 10,000 the past 10 000
years years
Extends from
Bulacan and runs
Marikina
through provinces of
Valley Fault 146 km Yes 1658, 1771
Rizal and Metro
System
Manila and ends in
Canlubang.
1981, 1990,
North Bohol Bohol
Bohol Province,
or Inabanga 6 km Yes Earthquake-
Philippines
Fault October 15,
2013
Lubao Fault Pampanga 250m No -
Mindoro
Aglubang
Mindoro, Philippines 35 km Yes earthquake in
Fault
1994
61.9
Toro Fault Risaralda, Columbia No -
km

Guide Questions:

1. Which faults have records of seismic activity for the past 10,000 years?
______________________________________________________________

2. Which faults have no records of seismic activity for the past 10,000 years?
______________________________________________________________

3. How will you classify faults that have records of seismic activities and
earthquake for the past thousand years?
______________________________________________________________
4. How will you classify faults that have no records of seismic activities and
earthquake for the past thousand years?
______________________________________________________________

5. In your own words, differentiate an active fault from an inactive fault.

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

Great job! You’ve made it so far.

Take time to review and analyze your answers. This activity enables you to
understand how active and inactive faults differ from each other.

D. Explain
Take time to understand the following ideas or concepts for you to
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confirm the results of the activities you have performed.
RO_Science_Grade 8_Q2_LP 4
 Faults are cracks in the earth's
crust along which there is movement.
There are many identified faults all over
the world.

Faults maybe active or inactive.

Active faults can be defined as a fault
that will possibly be the cause of another
earthquake in the near future. Active
faults are areas where rock
displacement can occur. According to
seismologists (scientist who study
earthquakes and seismic waves), faults
are considered active if there has been
observed movement during the last
10,000 years. Some faults only have
earthquake once in thousand years.
We have a lot of active faults in the
Philippines. Marikina Faultline is one of
the well known fault among them.

Inactive faults are areas that do not produce Image Credit: Paleoseismicity
earthquakes. Inactive faults are those that had not exhibited activity for million of
years. They do not show signs of generated earthquake within the last 10,000 years
but possibly still generate earthquakes in the future. If a fault has been inactIve for a
million of years, its certainly safe to call it inactive. However, some faults only have
earthquakes once in thousand years. Lubao fault in Pampanga was considered to be
an inactive fault in our country.
In your activity, two faults are inactive while three faults are considered as
active. It is evident on the recorded time of last earthquake activities thus you were
able to differentiate the two.

By now, you already know the difference between active and inactive fault.
Take note that active faults are those faults with record of seismic activities for
the past 10,000 years while inactive faults do not have.

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 Do the next task in order to summarize what you have learned in this
learner’s packet.

Direction:
Differentiate active and inactive fault by completing the Venn Diagram below.
E. Elaborate

ACTIVE FAULT INACTIVE FAULT

Good job! You have summarized and understood important concepts about
active and inactive faults. Let’s extend your learning a little further by answering
the next task.

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 Your task now is to participate/contribute in decision making on where to
build structures/houses based on knowledge of the location of active faults in
your community.

F. Extend
Direction:
PHILVOCS has a map that shows the active faults in the Philippines
particularly Bicol Region. You can refer to the Map of Active Faults in Bicol Region to
find your location if you are living in a fault or not. At this point, you already know that
active faults have the potential to generate earthquakes.
Have a dialogue with your parents and other members of the family, and
decide whether you are going to build your new house in any places in Bicol Region,
or build it in the same place where you live now.
Make a narrative report of what transpired in your conversation. Write your
report in 1 short size bond paper.

Map credit to: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Map-of-the-central-segment-of-the-Philippine-Fault-

showing-the-major-fault-splays_fig3_257194105

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 DIRECTION:
Read each item carefully and choose the letter of the correct answer.

G. Evaluate
1. What is the main difference between an active and inactive fault?

A. Active and inactive faults had not generated earthquake for more than
10,000 years.
B. An inactive fault is an area which generated earthquake for the past
10,000 years while active fault had not generated earthquake.
C. An active fault is an area which had not generated earthquake for more
than 10,000 year, while an inactive fault generated earthquake over the
period.
D. An inactive fault is an area which had not generated earthquake for
more than 10,000 years, while active fault generated earthquake over
the period.
2. Analyze the table below. The following are the distinctive features between
active and inactive faults. Which do you think describes an active and inactive
fault?
A B
Generated earthquake over Does not generate earthquake
100,000 years at longer years
Most part of the upper lithosphere Youngers rocks are affected by
experiences shaking more often. the earthquake.
A. A is both active and inactive fault.
B. B is both active and inactive fault.
C. A is active fault while B is inactive fault.
D. B is active fault while A is inactive fault
3. Which of the following correctly compare active and inactive faults?
Active fault Inactive fault
A. Fault that has no record of earthquake Fault that has records of earthquake
for the past thousands of years for the past thousands of years
B. Fault that has records of earthquake Fault that has no record of
for the past thousands of years earthquake for the past thousands of
years
C. Fault that may produce earthquake in Faults that are presently generating
the near future. earthquakes
D. Faults that are sleeping and dormant. Faults that continuously producing
earthquake from time to time.
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 For items 4 to 5, refer to the table below.
Record of
With recorded
earthquake over
Fault Location seismic activity for
the past 10 000
the past 10,000 years
years
North Bohol 1981, 1990,
Bohol Province,
or Inabanga Yes Bohol Earthquake-
Philippines
Fault October 15, 2013
Lubao Fault Pampanga No -
Aglubang Mindoro, Mindoro earthquake
Yes
Fault Philippines in 1994
MarikinaFault NCR Yes 1658, 1771

4. Active fault is to _____________; while inactive fault is to _______________.

A. Aglubang fault; North Bohol fault C. Lubao fault; Marikina fault
B. Aglubang fault; Lubao fault D. North Bohol fault: Marikina fault

5. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the table?

A. Aglubang and Lubao faults are both active faults.
B. Aglubang and Lubao faults are both inactive faults.
C. Aglubang fault is an active fault while Lubao fault is an inactive fault.
D. Aglubang fault is an active fault while Marikina fault is an inactive fault.

ANSWER KEY
A. Elicit
F A C T or B L U F F
1. Fault is a break on the Earth’s crust where pressure
builds up. When this pressure is released an
earthquake happens.
2. The focus is the origin of an earthquake.

3. The epicenter of an earthquake is the area on the

surface directly above the focus.
4. Every time a fault slip, an earthquake is generated.

5. Earthquakes result from sudden movements along

faults, creating a release of energy

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 B. Engage

How will you know if a fault shows

Do you think all faults can cause
earthquake?
Answers may vary (Yes or No)
sign of earthquake tremor?
If a an earthquake occurs where
there is a fault.

C. Explore
Activity: Active & Inactive Faults
Q1. Marikina Valley Fault System, North Bohol or Inabanga Fault, Aglubang Fault
Q2. Lubao Fault, Toro Fault
Q3. Faults that have records of seismic activities and earthquakes for the past thousand
years are classified as Active Faults.
Q4. Faults that have no records of seismic activities and earthquakes for the past
thousand years are classified as Inactive Faults.
Q5. Sample answer : Active faults show seismic activity within 100,000 years
while Inactive faults do not show any seismic activity and pose no threat

D. Elaborate
Sample Answers:

-those faults that SHOW -those faults that

seismic activities over Both are DO NOT show
100,000years cracks signs of
on the generated
- can produce Earth’s earthquakes for
earthquake. crust the past 100,000
years

ACTIVE FAULT INACTIVE FAULT

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E. Extend
(Rubrics for Evaluating the Narrative Report of Learners)
Criteria Points
4 3 2 1
Explanation A complete Good solid Explanation is Misses key
response with response with unclear. points.
detailed clear
explanation. explanation.
Demonstrated Shows Shows Shows some Shows a
Knowledge complete substantial understanding complete lack
understanding understanding of the of
of the of the concept, understanding
concept, concept, ideas and of the
ideas and ideas and processes. concept,
processes. processes. ideas and
processes.
Requirements Goes beyond Meets Hardly meets Does not
the requirement the meet the
requirement of the lesson. requirement requirement
of the lesson. of the lesson. of the lesson.
Total

F. Evaluate
1. D 4. B
2. C 5. C
3. B

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 Your journey through these lessons has been an additional experience. Try
to make a reflection by completing the following statements:

1. I have learned that

___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

2. I realized that
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

3. I enjoyed a lot in
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

4. I wish to ask my teacher

___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

VI. REFLECTION

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VII. REFERENCES
Aquino, Marites D., Valdoz, Meliza P., Mariano, Jan Jason M. and Mary Anne T. Bascara.
2013. Science Links Worktext in Science and Technology Grade 8 First Edition . Rex
Printing Company, Inc. pg. 350 -365.

Grade 8 Learning Module in Science, Unit 2 Module 2 Earthquakes and Faults. 116 – 124.

Loberia, Christy Blanca G. 2020. Grade 8 SLM in Science, Quarter 2 Module 4, Active and
Inactive Faults, (DepEd, 2020)

Ybañez, A. A. B., Lagmay, A. M. F. A. 2019. Subsurface Characteristics of the Lubao Fault

in Pampanga, Philippines Defined by Two Dimensional High-Resolution Seismic
Reflection Surveys, American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2019, abstract
#NS43D-0850
Faults and Fractures. 2020. National Park Service. Accessed September, 2021.
https://www.nps.gov/articles/faults-and-fractures.htm

Faulting & Folding (Foam Faults Demo). n.d. Incorporated Research Institutions for
Seismology. Video Demo Accessed August, 2021. www.iris.edu/hq/inclass/video/54

SMILE LEARNER’S PACKET DEVELOPMENT TEAM

Writer: JAIME G. ESPUELAS

Reviewers: ROWENA C. DE LEON

ERICK F. GAYANES
CHRISTY BLANCA G. LOBERIA
ESTER T. GONZALES
VENJO L. LESANO
JOHN BRYAN M. EVASCO
ERNESTO B. GILE JR

Layout Artist: APRIL R. GERSALIA

Editor: CHRISTINA GUANIZO

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