COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT PLAN

FOR SPECIAL FOREST LANDUSE AGREEMENT (FLAg)

1. Cover Sheet

Name of Agreement Holder : EPING ALSAYBAR’S ECOFARM

Approximate Area : 3,444.10 square meters

Location:

Region : Region 3
Province : Nueva Ecija
Municipality : Carranglan
Barangay : Puncan
Sitio : Communal

Boundaries:

North : Brgy. Igcabugao

East : Brgy._Pinaopawan
West : Brgy. Igcabugao
South : Brgy._Bagacay

Physical Description:
The Eping Alsaybar Eco farm Project is covered by FLAg No. 02-2014 and
Geographically located between 10 46’ 00’’ to 10 49’ 00’ Latitude and 122 13’ 00” to
122 15’ 00” Longitude located in the southwestern section of Panay Island. The project
site is located at Brgys. Igcabugao and Passi,Igbaras, Iloilo with an of 139.0 hectares

The terrain is very rugged characterized by sharp ridges, steep to very steep
slopes, V-shaped valleys and narrow valley floor. Open, cogonal with patches of Natural
Grown Trees along gullies and ravines, with an elevation range from 100 to 900 meters
above sea level.
2. INTRODUCTION – (Project’s Water Permit)

Century Peak Energy Corporation was granted a water energy contract under the
Water Energy Services Contract No. _____ located in the southwestern section of Panay
Island. CPEC was then issued with Environmental Compliance Certificate No. R6-0911-
358-4228 dated February 12, 2010. The ECC allows the establishment in the operation of
5.1 MW Igbulo (Bais) River Mini-Hydro Power project covering two barangays of
Igbaras (Brgy. Igcabugao and Passi) within the province of Iloilo.

The Igbulo (Bais) River Mini-Hydro Power project consisting of 139.0 hectares
lies within the Forest Land, thus, a Forest Land Use Agreement was applied and was
issued to CPEC last May 29, 2014, with FLAg No. 02-2014 for a period of twenty-five
(25) years to expire on December 31, 2039, renewable for another twenty-five (25) years.

As indicated in the agreement, and pursuant to DENR Administrative Order No.

2004-59 or the Rules and Regulations governing the use of Forest Lands, CPEC shall
prepare and submit a Comprehensive Development and Management Plan within six
months upon the execution of the agreement. This plan shall outline the appropriate
schemes, arrangements and activities, which are compatible with the Hydroelectric Power
Facilities for the protection of the environment and conservation of the natural resources
in the area and shall benefit the host community.

This CDMP shall be submitted to and approved by the Regional Executive

Director of the Department of the Environment and Natural Resources in Region 6. After
deliberation and approval of an assigned review committee, the Approved CDMP shall
be furnished to the Director of the FMB for reference and record purposes.

The approved CDMP shall then serve as the concrete guidelines for CPEC’s
implementation of environmental protection and natural resources conservation in Igbulo
(Bais) Mini-Hydro Power Plant project.

3. OBJECTIVES

3.1 General Objectives

This Comprehensive Development and Management Plan generally aims to put an
effective and efficient on-site management for the rehabilitation, protection and
conservation of the natural forest cover, and production and conservation of quality
water of the Igbolo (Bais) River for the establishment and continuous operation of the
Mini-Hydro Electric Power Project in Barangays of Igcabugao and Passi, Igbaras,
Iloilo.
 3.2 Specific Objectives
In compliance with the Forest Land Use Agreement, the following specific
objectives shall be as follows:
 To institutionalize effective and efficient on-site management system for
Century Peak Energy Corporation;
 To establish the legal basis of instituting long-term and sustainable on-site
development activities within the Century Peak Energy Corporation;
 To ensure the sustainable protection and conservation of the 31.918 hectares
DENR-NGP plantation covered of Century Peak Energy Corporation’s Igbulo
(Bais) Mini-Hydro Power Plant project;
 To develop/rehabilitate approximately 92.462 hectares of degraded areas or
open grassland into protection forest within the 139.0 hectares covered by
FLUP No. 02-2014 issued to CPEC;
 To reduce the risk of soil erosion within the applied area of CPEC;
 To establish organizational structure for the management of this plan; and
 To create an effective financial plan for the implementation of this CDMP.

4. AREA DESCRIPTION

4.1 Location
The Power Plant Project, which shall be constructed and operated laid below the
30 square kilometer local watershed area of Barangays Igcabugao and Passi of
Igbaras, Iloilo. The source of Igbulo River is generally described as hydrologically in
fair to good condition. It is very rugged in form and covered by grasses, shrubs and
small trees with presence of cultivated areas/rice paddies. Slopes of watershed are
very steep and covered with patches of vegetation along gullies. Side slopes on both
sides are also steep. The length of the river from the proposed intake to tailrace is
about 5.5 kilometers, with a slope of 0.105 causing a fall of about 580.00 meters.
The 92.462 hectares for rehabilitation /tree plantation is open denuded grassland
covered by shrubs with scattered trees and vegetation along gullies and steep slopes.
Portion of the area,50.472 hectares is within 2011,2013 and 2015 NGP Projects of
the DENR which the corporation is planning to adapt to continue the maintenance &
protection.

Barangay Igcabugao, which is 13.5 kilometers away from the Poblacion of

Igbaras is the last and the farthest barangay of the said Municipality. It is located
within the timberland area of Igbaras and comprised of three sitios, namely, Butuan,
Soberlan and Barangay Proper. It has a total land area of 293.7406 hectares mostly
moderately sloping to steep slopes in terrain. The place is inhabited by 97 households
with a total population of 591 persons and 317 of which are males and 274 females.
The economic condition of the area depends so much on farming and pasture.
 For Barangay Passi, it is located 10 kilometers away from the Poblacion of
Igbaras and has a total land area of 136.2671 hectares of moderately sloping to steep
slopes in terrain also. The place has 120 households with a total population of 645
persons, 340 of which are males and 305 are females. The economic condition of the
area also depend so much on farming and pasture. Unlike barangay Igcabugao, the
later falls within the alienable and disposable public lands of the Municipality of
Igbaras.

4.2 History of the Area

The 139.0 hectares area falls within the Project______Block _______ Timberland
per L.C. Map __________ and an open access area until the implementation of NGP
projects last 2011.

As observed during the field investigation, vegetative cover varies from mixed
perennial with 105.104 hectares, rice paddies with 5.592 hectares and grassland with
28.603 hectares.

Base on the municipal land use zoning plan of Igbaras, the general area of Brgys.
Igcabugao & Passi is classified for Agriculture and the public land as timberland.

4.3 Topography
The source of Igbulo River is generally described as hydrologically in fair to good
condition. It is very rugged in form and consists of wild grasses, shrubs and small
trees. Slopes of watershed are very steep and covered with fair vegetation. Side slopes
on both sides are also steep. The length of the river from the proposed intake to
tailrace is about 5.5 kilometers, with a slope of 0.105 causing a fall of about 580.00
meters.

Specifically, the proposed weir and proposed power house sites along Igbolo
River are located at the southern foot slopes of Antique Range where the difference in
elevations is close to 600m in just roughly 5km distance. However, the generally
dendritic drainage pattern all emanate at the top of the mountain range. Within the
watershed of the river, the highest peaks are Mt. Taripis (126masl), Mt. Baturitac
(1159masl), and Mt. Upao (1065masl). This last peak, together with Mts. Sansanan
and Huyop define the north-northeastern trend of the Western Cordillera or Antique
Range.

The Igbolo hydropower site is set on a rolling terrain which is under cultivation. It
is about 6km from the weir following the river upstream. From the weir to the
powerhouse, Igbolo River is characterized by steep and narrow river canyons and
high river gradients with numerous and closely spaced rapids and waterfalls including
 underground rivers. River elevation at the propose weir site is about 750.54 meters
above sea level goes down the surge tank through a 3.8km headrace to about 735.34
meters above sea level. At which the water shall flow to the powerhouse at an
elevation of 148.50masl through a penstock with a length of 1.892km at 31% gradient
to propel the 3-forked turbines.

The area for tree plantation is

4.4 Drainage
The Power Plant Project, which shall be constructed and operated with a capacity
of 5.1 MW, is laid below the 30 square kilometer local watershed area of Barangays
Igcabugao and Passi of Igbaras, Iloilo. The source of Igbulo River is generally
described as hydrologically in fair to good condition. It is very rugged in form and
consists of wild grasses, shrubs and small trees. Slopes of watershed are very steep
and covered with fair vegetation. Side slopes on both sides are also steep. The length
of the river from the proposed intake to tailrace is about 5.5 kilometers, with a slope
of 0.105 causing a fall of about 580.00 meters.

4.5 Climate
4.6 Geology of Soil
4.6.1 Geology
Specifically, the proposed weir and proposed power house sites along Igbolo
River are located at the southern foot slopes of Antique Range where the difference in
elevations is close to 600m in just roughly 5km distance. However, the generally
dendritic drainage pattern all emanate at the top of the mountain range. Within the
watershed of the river, the highest peaks are Mt. Taripis (126masl), Mt. Baturitac
(1159masl), and Mt. Upao (1065masl). This last peak, together with Mts. Sansanan
and Huyop define the north-northeastern trend of the Western Cordillera or Antique
Range.

The rocks in both locations belong to the Singit Formation which is dated as
Middle Miocene if the Panay Central basin stratigraphy is to be adapted. The
formation is divided into four members, namely: Serawagan Complex, Tangyan
Limestone, Igtalongon Shale and Barason Sanstone.

In Brgy. Igcabugao along the headrace alignment, it is interbedded siltstone,

sandstone and shale that had been noted. At the elevated weir site found within the
same locality, massive but at times calcareous limestone was encountered. The
limestone rocks are apparently the younger members as these are found to be capping
or overlaying the lowlying sandstone-silstone-basaltic flow rocks. The prevalent rock
types at the powerhouse site vicinity in Brgy. Passi are the basaltic flow rocks. Being
within the Antique Range, the Project Site lies on rocks aptly classified under
Serawagan Formation, and this accounts all the rock types from the weir to the
powerhouse sites.

Panay Island present one of the most convincing proofs that the Philippine
Archipelago as a whole is a product of subduction between the Pacific Plate on the
east and the China Plate on the west, and it emerged slowly from the pushing action
of these two plates against one another. The major faulting and folding within Panay
along a North-South trend, as in most islands in the country, lend credence to this
theory.

The island of Panay is a complex agglomeration of rocks from the oldest as well
as the youngest that can be found anywhere in the archipelago. Easily, the oldest are
those that are located on the northernmost area of Antique and Aklan between the
town of Pandan, Nabas, Santander, Caticlan, as well as the small island of Boracay.
These areas are underlain by a rock suite bunched together as Buruanga
Metamorphic Rocks, and are mostly schist, phyllite, gneiss and/or marble which are
mostly thick and completely folded and faulted. The age of the rocks are anywhere
around Triassic. Some of these old rocks also window just a little north of the project
site and are found associated with serpentinite, chert, red mudstone and gabbro.

The composite stratigraphy of Panay Islands arranged from youngest to oldest is

as follows:

Age Formation/Rock
Quaternary Alluvium
Terrace Gravel
Late Pleistocene Volcanic Cones
Early Pleistocene Sta. Cruz Sediments
Early Pleistocene to Late Pliocene Cabatuan Formation
Early to Late Pliocene Ulian Formation
Iday Formation
Early Pliocene Dingle Formation
Tarao Formation
Late Miocene Paniciuan Melange
Ibajay Andesite
Pakol Diorite
Middle Miocene Lagdo Formation
Passi Formation
Makato Formation
Igsawa Pyroclastics
 Early Miocene Cabariohan Formation
Serawagan/ Singit Formation
Fragrante Formation
Early to Late Eocene Bongbongan Series
Early to Late Paleocene Sara Diorite
Sibala Formation
Antique Ophiolite
Late Cretaceous Masonson Schist
Late Triassic Buruanga Metamorphic Rocks

4.6.2 Soil
Based from the feasibility study conducted by Vergel Consult, there are three
types of soil dominating the terrain of Igbaras: Large mass of approximately 12,993
has. (85.228%) is the rich Alimodian Clay Loam type; in the northwest highland is
the Alimodian Soil Undifferentiated consisting of approximately 2, 160 has.
(14.169%) and the rest is the Sta. Rita Type located on the southern portion of the
municipality that is approximately 92 has. (0.603%). Based on drainage
characteristics, it is assumed that Alimodian Clay and Sta. Rita Clay will promote
surface water runoff, especially in the upland areas with greater terrain slopes.

4.7 Vegetation and Forest Cover

The area of the project is open,cogonal/shrub vegetation with patches of Natural

Grown Trees along gullies and riverbanks. Species thriving the area are, Akleng
Parang,Toog and other indigenous species.

4.8 Forest Resource Data

4.9 Demographics and Community Descriptions

4.10 Infrastructure and Utilities

4.11 Environmental Information

4.12 Security

4.13 Other Information

4.14 Climate and Rainfall Data

Like all other Municipalities in the Province of Iloilo, Igbaras Falls under
Coronas Type I with pronounced wet and dry season. The dry season usually
occurs from the month of December to April while the wet season occurs during
 the rest of the year. However, sporadic rain-showers still occurs during the dry
seasons.
The average rainfall in the area is 273.28 mm. The month of February has
the lowest rainfall with an average of 33.8 mm while August has the highest
rainfall with an average of 603.1 mm. This can mean that the watershed receives
an estimated rainfall of 4.045M m3 throughout the year. (Data is generated from
the FS document). It was noted however, that in the past three years, there was an
occurrence of El Niño Phenomenon that caused severe drought in the entire
municipality.

4.15 Hydrology
The watershed is drained by the Igbolo River or more popularly known
by the locals as Bais River. The hydrology of the watershed is composed by three
orders of streams with a combined length of 13.04 kms and a density of 0.880
km/ha. The 1st order or mainstream is composed by two (2) second order streams
as the headwaters of Bais or Igbolo River. The 2 nd order or middle streams namely
Sibalom River which emanates from the western side is composed of four (4) 3 rd
order streams and the Bais River which flows from the eastern side is drained by
two (2) 3rd level streams.

Table 1 – Drainage Density of Igbolo River Watershed

Name Length (Km) Area (Km2) Drainage Density
BAIS RIVER 13.04 14.81 0.880

4.16 FLORA, FAUNA, HABITAT AND ECOSYSTEM

The vegetative pattern in and within the vicinity of the watershed is an
expression of the environmental factors, soil and climate. It is situated in the
distinct Malayan Floristic region.
As observed by Vergel3 Consult during the conduct of the Feasibility
study, the natural vegetation in and near the watershed and along the river of
Igbolo has been modified to some extent. Vast areas of primary and secondary
forest have been cleared, with some areas replaced by cultivated fields. Others
have regenerated to shrub berries, secondary forest or tall tropical grasses and
herbs like Imperata cylindrica (cogon), Saccharum spontaneum (talahib) and
Chromolaena odorata (hagonoy).
Talahib grows sparsely near and along the river’s water line while cogon
and Phragmites species grow together on the upper slopes with the former
preferring sites with deep top soil while the later found mostly on sites with very
thin or with rocky surfaces.
Land uses along the river may be categorized into grasslands, cultivated
areas and secondary forests. The watershed area is generally covered by
 secondary forests and grassland with small patches of abandoned cultivation
previously planted with upland rice for personal consumption of the local
inhabitants. Downstream, the slope tends to be gentle and mostly planted with
agricultural crops.
Notably, the forest vegetations are concentrated mostly in the mountain
ridges and along riverbanks, extending farther to mid-slopes.

4.17 LAND USE

At present, the watershed has been abandoned of any human activities.
However, there is apparent poaching of grazing animals within the
grasslands areas along the eastern portion. As to its use, the watershed is a
combination of second growth forest, shrubs or brushland and grasslands.
There are also portions of the watershed that are composed of exposed
rocks.
Igbaras has a total land area of 15,245 hectares approximately 0.33% of
the total land area of the province. As classified by the Bureau of Lands,
9,288.00 hectares are alienable and disposal land distributed to 46
barangays and the remaining 5,957 hectares are timberland.
Of the total alienable and disposal area, about 4,782.615 hectares are
agricultural areas; 1,714.635 hectares are built-up areas; 14.463 hectares
are cemetery area; 75.041 hectares for roads and bridges; 1,168.615
hectares is openlands; 1,465.171 hectares is agro-industrial; 67.460
hectares are bodies of water.

4.18 LEGAL STATUS AND REGULATIONS

Currently, the watershed area is within the classified public domain and
more specifically, forestland. Being a forestland, it is within the
management mandate of the Community Environment and Natural
Resources Office (CENRO – Iloilo). The area has been awarded to
community organizations or to individual for on-site management. As
such the watershed is considered a de facto “open access area” which is
often the target of poachers and land speculators.

4.19 SOIL EROSION

Based from the feasibility study conducted, soil erosion that usually
causes riverbed siltation is not a major problem in the watershed. The tight
limestone rocks and the existing forest cover are sufficient to hold the soil from
erosion. Apparently, soil erosion problem in the watershed is caused by livestock
occasionally grazing in the area.
 Nonetheless, there is a need to safeguard of forest cover along the rivers
and creeks which serves as sponge and mats to control surface water run-off,
erosion and riverbed siltation. It is also important to stop the entry of grazing
livestock and frequent grass fires in the watershed. Reforesting the denuded areas
and grasslands is also recommended to abate the occurrence of soil erosion in the
case of strong and prolonged rains in the watershed.

4.20 WATER USES

Currently, the Igbolo River is the source of irrigation water to about
hundreds of hectares of agricultural areas within the primary impact zone of the
watershed. It is also serves as the fishing ground of the local communities
because of its abundance of freshwater fish and mollusks thriving in rapids and
riverbeds. The freshwater from the watershed is also tapped for domestic uses
like washing, bathing and cooking and livestock cooling.

4.21 INFRASTRUCTURE
At present, there are no infrastructures establish in the area. However, a
trail that crosses the watershed from Barangay Aningalan in the town of
Tubungan (?) connecting portions of San Remigio in the west was identified.
Said trail also connects to the barangay proper of Igcabugao passing through the
foothills of Mt. Upao at the center of the Watershed. This limited access makes
the watershed more secure from human intrusion and further degradation. Since
there are no settlements within the watershed, it is important to prevent the
intrusion of timber poachers, kaingineros, and land speculators into the
watershed.

Socio – Economic and Demographic Information

4.22 POPULATION, HOUSEHOLD AND DENSITY
The watershed is devoid of settlements either by transient or by informal
settlers. Basing from the data gathered during the conduct of the FS, the NSO
recorded a population of 415 and 549 individuals distributed in 76 and 104
households respectively in Igcabugao and Passi, the closest communities
within the Project Site. The 2007 NSO data of the municipality recorded a
population 29,417 individuals with a density of 542 individuals per km 2 or
1,403 per mi2.
According to the projected household population for 2009, there are 223
total household populations where 91 households are from Barangay
Igcabugao and 132 households from Barangay Passi.
4.23 BEHAVIORAL AND CULTURAL PATTERN
People from Igbaras speak Kinaray-a, a language associated with Antique
province. However, Hiligaynon is understood by everyone and widely spoken in
the town proper. Igbaras celebrates its town fiesta on May 22 in honor of Sta.
rita de Cascia. The project recipients (Igcabugao and Passi) are associated with
Visayan culture. The town has many points of interest including the ruins of the
old church belfry, Mount Napulak, Bahi-Bahi, Nadsadjan Falls, Lagsakan Falls,
Timapok Falls, Guiritsan Falls, Sampanan Falls, Bat Cave, Igcabugao Cave,
Bais Cave and the Pakuyang sa Tangyan Festival. Rafflesia, the world’s largest
flower, can also be found here.

4.24 EDUCATIONAL AND MEDICAL SERVICES

a. Formal Education
The people of Igabaras are found to have a high rate of literacy
(95.34%). This implies the high regard of the people to the importance of
education. The municipality offers two (2) levels of formal education, the
elementary and secondary, both are public schools. As of the date of FS
survey (1995), there are four primary schools, sixteen public elementary
schools and only one (1) public secondary school in the district. There is
also one private Kindergarten School located in the Poblacion.
Nonetheless, Igbarasnons are highly literate.

b. Non-Formal Education
DECS, DSWD, the PA Literacy Program and other Non-
Govermental Organizations (NGO’s) extend formal education to residents
of Igbaras. The objective of the non-formal education is to teach the
participants how to read and write with simple arithmetical operations.
However, there is a low level of participation in the Non-Formal
Education Programs of the municipality. The non-formal education
concentrates mostly to out-of-school youth and the older populations in
the community.
With the massive involvement of the local government unit at the
barangay level, (BLGU), more students are getting access to higher
education thru the various scholarships granted by the government. The
exercise of autonomy in the local governance enhances the
implementation of social services in coordination with other government
and non-government agencies providing social services. Students have
more access to scholarships that subsidize tuition and other school fees.
c. Health Services
At the time of the FS, the municipality of Igbaras is being served
by thirteen Municipal Health Personnel composed of a Medical Doctor, a
Nurse and Midwives who are directly involved in delivering basic health
 services. The MHO personnel are being assisted by Barangay Health
Workers (BHW) and Barangay Nutrition Scholars (BNS), Barangay
Service Point Officers (BSPO) and several “Hilot”.
The physician-population and nurse-population ratio is 1:27,608.
The midwife-population ratio is 1:3,451. To alleviate the health situation,
the Barangay Health Workers (BHW), Barangay Service Point Officers
(BSPO), Barangay Nutrition Scholars (BNS) are organized to render
voluntary health services to the respective barangay health stations.
Moreover, Hilot classes are conducted to augment the deliveries.
Igbaras has one Main Health Center located in the Poblacion and
occupies a floor area of 168 square meters. The Main Health Center serves
five (5) barangays in the Poblacion, i.e. Barangay 1 to Barangay 5 with the
population of 5,025, and the total population of the entire municipality.
Presently, there is one midwife-in-charge in this situation. There are seven
(7) Barangay Health Stations strategically located to serve an area of
influence of forty-one (41) barangays and the population of 22,583 based
on 1999 survey. These Barangay Health Stations are each managed by
midwife who directs and provides the immediate health needs of the
people in their catchment areas. There are 208 BHW’s 47 BSPO’s, 46
BNS’s and 43 trained Hilot that serve the different Barangay Health
Stations (BHS).
Among the seven Barangay Health Stations, Alameda and Passi
BHS’s have no permanent building and all BHS’s do not have potable
water system.
There is one (1) ambulance serving in cases of emergency and one
(1) Toyota Pick-up provided by the Philippine Health Development
Program for the Municipal and Provincial government extend medical
caravan to the communities which the residents avail for free.
4.25 TRANSPORTATION
The Municipality of Igbaras is a terminal town in the Southern District of
Iloilo and experiencing a slow pace of infrastructure development more
specifically on transportation facilities. The transportation facilities are
inadequate to answer the growing demand of about 25,960 populations (1995).
As of 1999, Igbaras has an existing road network of 61.13 kilometers
barangay roads, 6.846 kilometers municipal road and 26.00 kilometes national
road. Igbaras is the only municipality in the Province of Iloilo that does not have
provincial road. 93.95% of the barangay roads are gravel roads needs to be
improved to the level of all-weather road classification in order to improve the
mobility of the people. The record also shows that 4.883 kilometers municipal
roads are concrete.
In this specified area, rural road occupies 11.695 hectares while 10.269
hectares
 for urban roads. In totality, road network is inadequate considering that the ideal
urban road length is 2.4 kilometers per 1000 population as compared to existing urban-
raod- population ratio of 1.065 kilometers/1000 population. On the same manner, rural
road standard is 1.5 kilometers per 100 hectares are arable land as compared to existing
rural road-arable land ratio of 1.143 kilometers/100 hectares.

4.26 POWER
The Municipality of Igbaras is under the service coverage of Iloilo Electric
Cooperative 1, Inc. (ILECO-1).
The power supply of ILECO-1 is taken from the National Power
Corporation (NPC), with substation located at Barangay Café, Sta. Barbara,
Iloilo. The total power consumption of the Municipality of Igbaras for the 1999
is 1,312,342.92 kWh with average monthly consumption of 109,361.91 kWh.
Being a recipient of the PRO-POOR Program of the government, the
municipality had 653 posts, 664 streetlights and 37 served barangays.
Based on the records of the total power consumption of the municipality in
1999, it shows that the average daily consumption is 1.61 kWh per household.
This shows that consumption slightly higher that the national standard on the
average daily consumption for households which 1.2 kWh. The power
consumption in the Municipality of Igbaras is distributed to the different
connections and domestic connections are recorded to 1,165. Some barangays
are classified under the Barangay Power Association (BAPA) scheme and the
rest are commercial and public connections. The increase of the daily
consumption of is relatively due to the increase of household conveniences.

4.27 COMMUNICATIONS
One of the most relevant infrastructure supports is communication but is
inadequate in the Municipality of Igabaras. There is only one telecommunication
station operating under the National Telecommunication Commission located in
the Amex Building of the Municipal Hall with one staff operator. However,
there are several two-way radio-communication facilities and equipment. One of
this is under operation and management of Igabaras Police Station and one under
the operation of the LGU. This system links Igbaras with the rest of the
municipalities in Iloilo Province.
Each barangay is provided with complete two-way radio-communication
handset facilities to ease communication problems of the locality. There are a
number of two-way radio-communication facilities in Igbaras operated privately
and for business.
The municipality is now under the service coverage of ISLACOM, a
Visayan Telecommunication Company. There are 40 individual subscribers to
their program as of 1999 and still on the progress of installing the remaining
potential subscribers. There is also (1) Public Calling Office (PCO) installed at
Brgy. 2 Poblacion under the management of Liberty Telephone Company. Aside
 from this franchise holder, there are private cellular telephone presents in the
municipality.
Telecommunication Office in the Municipality of Igbaras provides
telegraph service only because of insufficient facilities to cater the needs of the
people. However, the service can reach nationwide at a very minimal cost. The
Municipality has also one postal office located in the right wing of the Municipal
Hall. There is an insufficient postal facility present in the municipality. There is
also an absence of distribution of letters by the letter carrier to the remote
barangay but instead some barangay officials to distribute to their respective
constituents. The frequency of the distribution to this remote barangays
happened once a week especially during market day. To avoid delay, people can
claim their letters personally to the office of postal services anytime of the week
during office hours.

4.28 RELIGIOUS SECTORS, POLITICAL AND SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS

The Municipality of Igbaras is one of the seven (7) municipalities
compromising the 1st congressional district of the Province of Iloilo. It is classified
as a fourth class municipality. Igbarasnons are mostly Catholic by religion. This is
also the influene why most communities adjacent to Igbolo Watershed are mostly
Catholics. Politically, the local governance exercises democratic and consultative
leadership.
Division of function is observed in local governance where the Barangay
Captain is the executive officer and the barangay council serves as the policy
maker. The same is true at the higher level of public governance – the Municipal
Mayor is the Local Chief Executive and he is assisted by his Sangguniang Bayan
members in providing policy support in the implementation of priority
development projects of the municipality.
Social Organizations such as the women’s group and senior citizens,
Sangguniang Kabataan, Farmer/Irrigators’ Association, Cooperatives Non-
Government as well as other civic organizations exist in the Municipality as well
as in the vicinity of the Watershed.

4.29 Demographic Projection

Igbaras’ population growth rate is stagnant over the past decades at less
than 1% or (0.537%) basing from the NSO base data of 1990 and 1995. For the
entire municipality, the population projection is significantly higher than the
actual head count of the NSO in 2007 where the projected population is 31,384
individuals as compared to the actual of 29,417 individuals for the same year.

By year 2010, the municipality of Igbaras shall have a population of

33,340 individuals distributed in 6,571 households (at an average of 5 members
per household) and in 46 barangays. For Barangays Igcabugao and Passi, the
 projected individual populations shall reach 610 and 929 in 122 and 186
households, respectively by year 2020.
Table 2. Projected Population for Barangay Igcabugao and Passi in Year 2020
POPULATIO Rat
PROJECTED INDIVIDUAL AND HOUSEHOLD
N e
POPULATION
BARAN PAST (NSO) of
GAY Ch
19 19 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
ang
90 95 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
e
Igcabuga
0.0
o 38 41 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 54 55 56 57 58 59 61
16
(Individ 9 5 8 6 4 3 2 0 0 9 8 8 8 9 9 0
6
ual)
Igcabuga
o 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 11 12 12
78 83 98 - 99
(Househ 1 3 4 6 8 0 2 2 6 8 0 2
olds)
Passi 0.0
50 54 67 68 70 72 73 75 77 79 81 81 85 88 90 92
(Individ 22
4 9 4 9 5 2 9 7 6 5 5 5 8 0 4 9
ual) 9
Passi
10 11 13 13 14 14 14 15 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18
(Househ -
1 0 5 8 1 4 8 1 5 9 3 3 2 6 1 6
olds)
Total 25, 25, 29, 29 29 30 30 30 31 31 31 31 32 32 32 33
.00
Individu 27 96 41 ,7 ,9 ,2 ,5 ,8 ,1 ,4 ,8 ,8 ,4 ,4 ,7 ,0
98
als 4 0 7 05 96 90 86 86 88 94 02 02 28 28 46 66
Total
17 19 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 28 28 29 30 30
Househo -
9 3 2 7 2 7 2 8 3 9 5 1 7 4 1 8
lds
(Source NSO and FS derived data)

4.30 Income Profile

Most of the residents near the Igbolo watershed are farmers and
occasionally, fishermen. Being dependent to agricultural crops production, the
communities’ economy revolves in rice production, livestock, vegetables and
root crops.
Basing from the current production trend of 60 cavans to 80 cavans
harvest per hectare per cropping season, Igcabugao and Passi produced about
700 metric tons per year. Vegetables, nuts and other root crops are also raised
by the Barangays as additional sources of income.
Trading businesses in communities near the Igbolo Watershed are limited
to sari-sari stores. Other brangays sometimes engage in small industries such as
food processing and bamboo crafts.

4.31 Employment Patterns and Projections

 Human and natural resources are considered a major support of existing
industries. Of the 1995 total municipal population 14,011 or 53.97% constitute
the labor force of the municipality. Only light industries such as welding shops
and the like thrive on the slow pace of industrial growth in Igbaras.
Government agencies are the biggest employers in the Municipality. While
there are few (110) traders in the municipality, these are more of a household
property and do not absorb employment except the few rich business traders
that employ at least 2-5 daily wage workers.
The Municipality possesses multiple opportunities for gainful local
employment. There are three public markets in the municipality, two of which
are barangay flee-markets located in Barangay Igtalongon and Barangay
Alameda and the Igbaras Public Market in the Poblacion. The center of
commerce is located at the public market in the Poblacion. Wednesdays and
Sundays are municipal market days where merchants and consumers converge
in the Poblacion market during market days while Fridays and Saturdays in
Barangays Igtalongon and Alameda respectively. There is no local market
operating privately in the area.
There are two cooperatives operating in the Municipality of Igbaras, the
Igbaras Farmers Marketing Cooperative and the Igbaras Multi-Purpose
Cooperative. At present (1999) there is no banking institution present in
Igbaras.
With the implementation of the Mini-Hydropower Project in Barangays
Igcabugao and Passi, a surge in temporary (at least 3 years) employment is
expected. Local labor force will be in demand to serve as carpenters,
construction workers, technical men and other construction-related jobs. For
this, the community should be trained on various construction work including
safety measures at work.
For the watershed development, at least 30-50 households shall be tapped as
reforestation workers to establish about 500 hectares of open denuded
grasslands within the period of 5 years. At least 10 community laborers shall
also be employed as forest guards and nursery workers. Other long-term
employments either as entrepreneurs or employees are expected to boost in the
community due to the presence of the hydropower establishments and many
beautiful natural spots which are potential for eco-tourism and sports
development.
Added value to the barangays’ economy is the abundant bamboo
population which awaits gifted crafts-workers to convert them into novelties,
furniture, household uitilities, huts, “sawali” and other uses.

PROBLEMS, ISSUES AND WATERSHED MANAGEMENT

CONCERNS
Based from actual interview with the Barangay Officials and residents of
Barangay Passi, the Igbolo watershed had been subject to cattle grazing and
frequent grassfires. Such problems were the root causes of deforestation and
soil erosion in the area. Considering that the area has no legal on-site manager,
the absence of development and protection activities of the existing natural
forest cover of the area is a problem to be promptly addressed in order to
preserve the surroundings of the watershed.
It was also observed by the residents that in the past years, there was the
occurrence of “el niño” phenomenon that decreased the water level of the
watershed significantly. On the other hand, there was also the occurrence of the
“la niña” phenomenon that flooded the area. These natural phenomenon
however, cannot be solved immediately but its effect to the residents and
impact to the environment can be reduced with the putting in place mitigating
measures and adaptive mechanisms.
Having no Tenure Instrument Holder of the watershed, the area has no
long-term development and protection plan. With this problem, there is a high
risk of investigating capital of Mini Hydro Power Project in the watershed.
Consequently, there are no on-site managers to protect and conserve the natural
resources of Igbolo river watershed.

Environmental Impact
The proposed development activities within the watershed will promote
beneficial impact to the project. The long term effect will be the production of
quality and sufficient water for the hydropower plant and the continuous flow
of irrigation water for agricultural crops production within the primary impact
areas of the project. The subsequent conservation and developments to be
implemented within the watershed area are expected to improve the
microclimatic regime within and near the watershed. The increase of forest
cover and the reduction of grassland areas will enhance the establishment of
climax species that will ensure the integrity of the watershed even after the
project life. Consequently, the improvement of wildlife habitat will result to the
increase in species and genetic population of flora and fauna within the
watershed.
On the global end, the conservation and development of the natural forest
cover will contribute to the reduction of pollutant elements stored in the
atmosphere and serving as coolant to the increasing global temperature. The
permanent forest cover will help mitigate the problem of climate change as it
will serve as the carbon sink in the area.
However, a minimal disturbance on the soil cannot be avoided during the
establishment of the reforestation areas. There will be a moderate impact on the
biological environment especially on areas where development will occur. The
temporary reduction of vegetation due to brushing will be one of the adverse
impacts in the biological environment. However, this will only cause a mild to
nil effect in terms of species habitat since the vegetation of the area for
reforestation consists mostly of grasses and shrubs. The risk to erosion and
riverbed siltation is low due to minimal excavation of top soil which is
eventually returned during planting. Only small holes enough to contain the
seedlings shall be dug.
On the other hand, the primary impact area of the project will experience a
temporary mild to moderate environmental problems while the construction of
the power house, the weir and the surge tank is being undertaken. Dust, noise
pollution, soil erosion, water pollution, solid waste accumulation, and clearing
of vegetation are the most commonly identified negative environmental impact
of the project during the construction phase.

Social Impact
The physical developments within the watershed will create consciousness
and awareness among community folks the significance of the environment,
the importance of collective effort in the conservation and development; and
increase sense of accountability in the wise utilization of the natural resources.
The project will result to the improved access to social from the local
government that has jurisdiction over the project site in the form of health,
education and protection services. The immediate effect of improving the road
network and supply electricity for the residents within the project site will
reduce transportation risks to lives and properties of stakeholders; improved
social networking, cultural exchange, integration and social diversity; and
increased in opportunities for socio-cultural development activities that
promote the well being of the local populace.

As there will be surge of temporary employment during the construction

phase wherein bona-fide residents within the area will be given priority, the
Project will boost the professional ethics of the people in the community. This
employment opportunity will promote the skills of local populace thereby
increasing their employability potentials either as employees or entrepreneurs
even after the construction phase.
Further, the electricity that will be produced from the project will be more
accessible and affordable to households within the primary impact areas.
Consequently, it is expected that the households will have better access to
health services, education and communications and other social services of the
government and non-government sectors. More residents will also be provided
access to low-cost recreational activities for health and physical fitness. Socio-
cultural gatherings fostering unity and harmony among the residents are
expected to become regular. These are some of the positive social impacts
generated by the project.
The negative impact identifies during the construction phase is the
occupational risk to workers which can be considered as moderate for this kind
of project. During the construction phase the workers are exposed to possible
accidents such as from operating equipment and other construction
 paraphernalia and injuries caused by faulty safety equipment as well as from
human factor.
Due to the accessibility of the powerhouse, other related structures and
natural amenities in the locality, the area will experience a surge of visitors
from the municipal neighborhood and as well as from other countries. The
subsequent population influx due to local and external tourism will be a social
disturbance and considered one of the negative impacts of the project.
Significantly, the protection of the watershed constituting the headwaters
of the project will promote social awareness to responsibility and
accountability of local residents. As they participate in the development and
conservation of the watershed area, their consciousness and awareness will be
enriched with knowledge and understanding of the inter-relationships of
various environmental factors affecting their socio-economic activities.

Economic Impact
Local residents and their neighborhood communities will be benefited
more from the project. As CPEC and LGU invest in the Project, this will
generate productive employment of the people not only as laborers, employees
and workers but as entrepreneurs. Aside from the immediate local employment
it will generate, the local residents under the labour-age group will also have
the opportunity to upgrade their knowledge and skills in watershed
management, reforestation establishment, water quality monitoring, erosion
control mechanisms and technologies, and construction related activities
whereby increasing their household income. Locals who will be engaged in
entrepreneurial activities will be bene-fitting from sales of food products,
souvenir goods and local gadgets; additional income from tour-guiding and
tourism-related activities; metal craft fabrication, bamboo crafts; and the like.
On the other hand, the improvement of water ration for the irrigation of
agricultural farms will result to the improved harvest and ultimately, higher net
profits of farmers. Crops diversification and intensive production to include
fishery and livestock is expected to be implemented for income generation of
the farmers.
The improvement of accessibility from farm to market will redound to the
reduction of transportation cost, risks to product spoilage, and faster
interchanges of production output-input trading. Consequently, adoption of
better production technologies will improve as access to up-to-date information
and technology will become faster, cheaper and more reliable. The domino
effect of improved production related activities will result to the improved
households’ and municipal’s economic status through the increased income and
generation of local taxes and other local revenues.

5. DEVELOPMENT PLAN
5.1 General Strategy
 5.1.1 Plantation Species’ Choice
The choice of the plantation species for the Project was based on the
actual trees growing in the area particularly the Natural Grown trees such as
Akleng Parang(locally known as payhod),Toog and other endemic tree species
that thrive in the area. The Corporation is also planning to plant Mahogany and
Fruit trees, intercropped with coffee and cacao. Bamboos and Kakawate shall
be planted along slopping area and along the project boundary. Accordingly,
these species were identified based on records of potential survival in the
sites ; rates of growth; and, availability of planting stock.

5.1.2 Silviculture
This is the practice of controlling the growth,composition,health and
quality of forest to meet diverse needs and values. Such activities are
pruning,thinning and enrichment planting.. This activity is done while the trees
are on their pole stage but since the purpose of the corporation is for protection
purposes and to provide forest cover,the pruning practices shall be employed
in the area.
5.1.2a. Weeding
This activity under maintenance operation is being performed in the
project regularly, i.e., twice a year for 2 years after the 1 st year establishment
during May- June and October, by uprooting/removal of the undesirable
competing species/grasses surrounding the base of the planted trees at radius
of 0.50 meter per seedling purposely to keep the planted seedlings from being
suppressed by weeds and grasses.
5.1.2b Fertilization
This activity under maintenance operation is being done in the project
regularly and simultaneously with the weeding activity twice a year for two
years after the 1st year establishment during May-June and October-November,
following the prescribed dosage per seedling adopting a slow-release
technique fertilization by placing the fertilizer in ice candy bags knotted at the
opening with 2 small openings at the bottom of the bag to aerate the fertilizer
when buried into the soil, to sustain nutrients need for the seedlings.
Application of this “bagged fertilizer is 3’ to 4’ away from the base of the
planted seedlings using urea or complete fertilizer
5.1.2c. Maintenance and Protection (Replanting)
The activity under the maintenance operation is being undertaken in
the project regularly and simultaneously with the weeding and fertilization
activities during the 1st of two weeding and fertilization cycles after the 1 st year
of the newly established plantation and similarly undertaken in subsequent
plantation Blocks to attain maximum stocking of the established plantation or
by replacing dead seedlings.
5.1.2d. Pruning
This activity under maintenance operation is being practiced in the
project especially for tree species with branching characteristics, like Gmelina,
Narra, Mahogany and other trees, during the 3rd year from field planting by
removing unnecessary small branches or twigs using pruning shears and sharp
bolos, to maximize uptake of nutrients and produce straight bole/trunk .
This activity under maintenance operation is being done in the project
to improve tree growth after planting by eliminating the undesirable stems and
retain the best stems ut to maturity.
5.1.2f. Brushing(ring method0 and Mulching
This activity under maintenance operation is being performed in the
project regularly 2 to 3 months before the on set of the dry season ( December
to February), by ring brushing around the base of the planted seedlings at a
radius of 0.50 meter and placing the brushed grasses/ weeds(mulching) as
much to retain moisture on soil around the base of the planted seedling.
5.1.2g. Other Tending treatment ( Removal of Competing Climbing Vines and Lianas and
Damaged Trees by Natural Calamities)

This activity is integral part of the maintenance operation in the

project, involving the cutting and removal of the competing climbing vines
and lianas thriving in some portions of the established plantations after months
of out planting to free the desired planted tree species from nutrients-
competing plants.
All planted trees that have been totally damaged by typhoon and other
phenomena were removed from the sites for proper utilization, thus, eliminate
hazards to standing trees. While those planted trees that have been partially
damaged by phenomenon were only pruned and/or thinned partially according
to the effect or extent of the damaged. Hence, this activity is now considered
as one regular activity under the maintenance operation.
5.1.2h. IPD Spraying
This activity (Insect Pests and Disease Spraying) under maintenance
operation is being done on a case to case basis to present and protect both
nurseries and plantations from the outbreak of insect pests and diseases.
Established nurseries are attack/infested by disease and pest if not properly
handled. Seedbeds media were sterilized before placing it in the polyethylene
bags and potting media placed inside potted bags were seedlings were
observed unhealthy were subject to sterilization, seedbeds in every nursery
were constructed strictly in observance of the factors in selecting nursery sites
to prevent any damages that may adversely affect the seedlings during its
growth and/ or before out planting into the field.
In the plantations, scrutiny of any signs and symptoms of impending
pests and diseases, outbreaks is done regularly and periodically. Spraying and
fumigating regularly with pesticides and insecticide to keep disease- free
 nurseries shall be practiced of the Corporation to sanitize the sites and
mitigate infestation.
5.1.3 Natural Forest Management
Natural Forest of natural grown trees found inside and adjacent to the
project area shall be protected.
5.1.4 Annual Development Program-
5.1.4.1 Plantations-
Table 5. Plantation Establishment
TARG SPACING SPECIES AREA NO. OF REMARKS
ET PLANTE TREES
YEAR D PLANT
ED
2019 2m X 2m Mahogany
2m x 2m Kakawate Along boundaries
3m x 3m Nangka
10mx10m Bamboo Along
trails/boundaries
2020 5m x 5m Toog
5m x 5m Akleng Parang
3m x 3m Avocado
3m x 3m Narra
10m x 10m Bamboo
3m x 3m Mahogany

3rd Yr Coffee Intercropped species

Cacao or to be planted on
foreste areas

The Corporation is also planning to plant Lemon grass or Citronella along the
trails
5.1.4.2 Natural Forests
There are natural mixed stand forests comprising various species such
as Akleng parang,T oog,i nyam and other endemic species.
5.1.5 Plan Revision
The revision of the Comprehensive Development Management Plan
( CDMP) will be dependent on the progress of the project management/
operation and/or duration of the 25th years Forestland Agreement and
recommendations after the conduct of the official periodic evaluation and
monitoring by DENR personnel.
5.2 Boundary Maintenance
 The corporation shall install a concrete monuments on every corners
of the project and implement the boundary planting of kakawate and
bamboos..
7.3 Infrastructure Development
7.3.1 Roads and Bridges
As planned, the corporation will construct an access road for vehicles
for easy access to the project site during the repairs of the installed pipeline
and access trail to the planting site and subsidiary nursery.

7.3.2 Bunkhouse
The corporation is planning to construct a temporary bunkhouse in the
nursery site to serve as rest area of the laborers.
7.3.3 Nurseries
The corporation has already established a main nursery on the procured
private propertiy located on the lower potion of the project . Two(2)
subsidiary nurseries shall be established strategically in the project area.
7.4 Seeds Procurement
7.4.1 Seed Requirements-
The
Table 6. Seedling Requirement for the 1st and 2nd Rotation by Year.
YEA NO. OF SPECIES YEAR NO. OF SPECIES
R SDLGS 1ST SDLGS 2ND
ROTATION ROTATION
2019 Mahogany
Narra
Nangka
Toog
Akleng Parang
Bamboo
Avocado

2020
2021 Cacao
Coffee
7.4.2 Seed Supply
Seeds of selected tree species were supplied and/or purchased from
registered seed dealers or from the DENR Nurseries.
7.4.3 Seed Storage and Testing
No storing and testing of purchased/ procured seeds was undertaken in
the project for that one (1) week procurement these seeds were immediately
sown to make use of its viability.
7.4.4 Trees Improvement Program
7.4.4.1 Artificial Forest Plantation
Planted seedlings/established plantation which are adversely affected
by both the edaphic and climate factors that resulted to stunted growth shall be
subjected to enrichment planting to improve stocking.
7.4.4.2 Natural Forest Plantation
No tree improvement program was made in mixed natural forest
plantation because of the sparsity of individual tree stock except on those
thriving on some gullies where headwaters, springs are emanating and along
the creeks and river within the project area that were protected. Natural
regenerations of these mixed natural forests is very limited while the
corresponding volume of observable mature efforts to improve growth and
stocking. Protection of these standing natural tree species was the only primary
concern.
7.5 Nursery Operations
Table 7. Monthly Schedules forr Nursery Activities.
ACTIVITIES MONTHS
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1. Seed Procurement x
2. Seed Treatment x x
3. Nursery Construction x X X
4. Potting Soils in Bags X X X
5. Sowing Seeds in Box X X
6. Transplanting X X X X X X
7. Care and Maintenance X x X x x x x x x x x

Table 8. Yearly Schedules for Seedling Production

YEA NO. OF SPECIES YEAR NO. OF SPECIES
R SDLGS 1ST SDLGS 2ND
ROTATION ROTATION
2019 Mahogany
 Bamboo
Toog
Akleng Parang
Nangka
Avocado
Narra
2020
Cacao
Coffee

2021

7.5.2 Operations Prescription

7.5.2.1 Seed Treatment-
Hot and cold water treatment was the technique applied by the
Management to hasten and ensure uniform seeds germination, both in seed
boxes and seedbeds.

7.5.2.2 Seed Sowing

Treated seeds were sown both on prepared seed boxes and seedbeds
before transplanting to 4x6x0.002 soil- filled polyethylene pots, using 1:2:3
ratio for potting medium (sand-compost-garden soil).
7.5.2.2 Potting Medium
The potting medium used in the bagging/filling of said polyethylene
bags is a mixture of sand, compost, and garden soil, on a ratio of 1:2:3,
respectively.
7.5.2.4 Nursery Establishment-
The 2 subsidiary/temporary nurseries shall be established in selected
areas where topography is flat; water is abundant; well exposed to sunlight;
accessible; large enough; nearest and centrally located in every planting site ,
to facilitate fast, easy and prevent seedling damage from stress during hauling
and handling.
7.5.2.5 Pot Bed Preparation
Pre-bagging of polyethylene pots (4”x6”x0.002”) were done and place
on leveled and flattened pot beds in the different established nurseries from
year 1 to year 12 operations ensuring care and maintenance of the potted
seedlings for production of healthy planting stock.
7.5.2.6 Transplanting of Germinated Seedlings
Only healthy and vigorous seedlings sown at the seedbeds and seed
boxes were transplanted to the pre-bagged polyethylene pots in the different
nurseries from year 1 to year 12yr of the operations
7.5.2.7Care and Maintenance
Transplanted seedlings in the pre-bagged polyethylene bags at the nurseries
were regularly watered, weeded, fertilized and prevented/protected from any
insect pests and diseases as well as from stray animals for better growth
development until it reaches 30 centimeters in height and/ or ready for out
planting. Plantable seedlings for field planting were graded and undergo
hardening processes. Only those healthy and vigorous ones were out planted
to ensure higher rate of survival.
7.6 Plantation Establishment and Maintenance
The development of the plantation was done only during the twelve
(12) years period, from year _____ to _______, in compliance to the
conditions of the approved lease agreement. As required, 5% of the total area
under lease shall be developed for the first year, 30% within 5 years of the
total area within 12 years from the date the Agreement was entered. However,
due to some local problems especially peace and order,there was a delay in the
plantation operations/establishment certain adjustment has been done to cope
with the situation, deviations of which shall be properly documented.
It is understood that areas occupied by bodies of waters and other
natural features rocky portion including artificial structures found and
introduced within the project which are non- plantable shall be deducted from
the total area to be developed and reforested including the existing DENR
projects. However, for purposes of computation, the area traversed by Igbulo
River within the project site was estimated at ______ hectares .On both sides,
bank protection shall be established by planting Bamboos .
All activities programmed for plantation development shall be
undertaken by contractual basis, giving priority to employment of upland
communities (forest occupants) residing adjacent the periphery of the project,
and under direct supervision of the project Manager and/ or assigned Foremen.
It is envisioned that in moderately rolling areas where mechanized
farming could be adopted tractors of varying capacities will be utilized for
efficiency. But inaccessibility can be existing limiting factor.
The Management of Century Peak Power Corp. Has an approved
FLaG to developed /maintained the 139.0 hectares through reforestation
/planting activity including the nriver banks. Using natural grown tree
 species(Toog,Akleng Parang,Narra etc.) and exotic
ones(Mahogany),bamboos,Fruit trees and later to be intercropped with Cacao
and coffee.
7.6.1 Schedule of the development of the IFMA Site by Year, by Species and by Area
Below is the matrix on the annual reforestation and development
schedules for the 540.79 hectares approved IFMA area of IWCI, to wit:
Table 9. Annual Reforestation Targets and Corresponding Species during a 12 Year Operation
YEAR SCHEDULED AREA PLANTED (1ST SPECIES PLANTED
ROTATION)
2019 .
2020
2021
.

The IFMA Management shall faithfully accomplish the foregoing

planned schedules for reforestation and development of the subject area.
7.6.2 Site preparation-
Site preparation was undertaken to achieve a condition based on two-
fold purposes, namely: (a) removal, complete or partial, on the ground
competing weed species to improve the water retention capacity of the rooting
zone, facilitating the planting operation and promoting faster rootlets growth,
and eliminating obstacles for maintenance; and, providing optimal condition
during the starting phases of plantation activities.
7.6.3 Pre- Planting Activities-
a. Strip and Spot Brushing-
Strip brushing of 1-meter width was the technique used for planting
sites densely covered with cogon and weeds. Ring brushing of 1-meter radius
for planting spots thinly covered with grasses and cogon. These activities will
ensure the growth of out-planted seedlings from competing grasses and weeds
during its tender age and facilities worker’s fast and easy mobility in
undergoing plantation activities.
b. Staking-
Stalking operation using bamboo stakes was the next activity after strip
and spot brushing. Done by staking the spots subject for holing to ensure and
account the precise spacing for digging and number of seedlings require per
hectare. The Project Manager and the foreman will strictly supervise the
activity. The project has adopted the following staking system in order to
achieve planting design and a well- developed plantation:
 Straight line staking for slopes ranging from 0-18% slope, following the
cardinal direction;
 Staking along the contour for all other slopes above 18%;
 Prescribing stakes of at least one-meter high for better visibility and
provide visible indicator for corrective measures during the progress of tree
planting;
 Staking done at least a week before field planting in order to provide
ample time for holing and hole improvement schemes.

c. Spot Marking-
Spot marking is done by clearing the circular spots using a hoe in
preparation for holing and eventual planting.
d. Holing-
Proper holing is done by the use of high quality tools ( augers, shovels,
hoes and bars) as strategy to best guarantee the favorable condition for early
vigorous growth of the seedlings. Proper holing ensure the seedlings to the
best possible conditions in the field to enhance survival and optimum growth.
The Project adopts the following standards for quality holing, namely:
1. Minimum hole-depth of 20cms for 2”x4”x.002 polyethylene bag,
including hole improvement;
2. Minimum hole-diameter of 15cms for 2”x4”x.002 polyethylene bag;
3. Hole improvement , through adding of compost, inorganic fertilizer and
lime at the bottom of each hole; and
4. Other useful considerations adopted was making planting holes
approximately twice the diameter of plastic bags containing the seedling.
7.6.4 Seedling Distribution, Basal Fertilizer and lime Applications-
Only graded and hardened, vigorous, and healthy seedlings were pulled
out and/ or taken from the nurseries were transported and distributed to the
sites where the pre-planting activities were undertaken.
Basal application of fertilizer (Inorganic) and agricultural lime as
prescribed after the conduct of the soil analysis was undertaken simultaneously
at the planting site to ensure the growth of planted seedlings and neutralize the
acidity of the soil.
7.6.5 Out Planting
Planting operations was started only after proper observance of the pre-
planting procedures mentioned above.
 Planting activities wax started two weeks after the onset of the rainy
season just when there was a guarantee of continuous rain up to, and, until a
month before the expected end of the rainy season. This was done during the
early morning and late afternoon or when the daytime is cloudy in order to
minimize shock to the seedlings.
Seedlings distributed to each holes at the field planting sites were
immediately planted after the application of chemical fertilizers ( 14-14-14)
and locally made compost. The polyethylene bag was removed before it will
be finally covered with top soil.
7.6.6 Blank Filling-
Only the topsoil was refilled back to the hole to cover the planted
seedlings. Thorough inspection of the planting site immediately after field
planting is undertaken to account for blanks or unplanted spots for immediate
planting.
7.6.7 Weeding-
Weeding was done not later than two months after planting and every
two months thereafter planting and every two months thereafter or as
necessary. Weeding was not undertaken during the dry months to prevent
planted seedlings from being drought- stressed and was resumed one month
after the start of the rainy season
Weeding was in the form of rings ( ring weeding) with a radius of 50
centimeters or a diameter of 1 m/tree.
7.6.8 Fertilization
Fertilization of the trees/ seedlings planted was undertaken in two (2)
passes; and, as rule, made mandatory during the 2 nd and 3rd year after out
planting. This was done on a per need basis considering that the soil nutrient
on the soil nutrients on the soil are low in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium
(NPK). Initially, fertilization was done using the 14-14-14vfertilizers at a
dosage of 30 to 50 grams per tree per pass depending on age or size of the tree,
or at least 10 grams per liter of water.
Slow release fertilization is the technique used in the project by
placing/bagging 150 to 200 grams 14-14-14 in the 3” by 10” ice candy plastic
bags and buried at the base of the individual planted trees, at least 3”away
from the stem, with a minute hole at the bottom of the bag for the slow release
of the melted fertilizer. This technique was found effective, economical and
long lasting use by the plants.
Table 11. Species Planted by Year, Number of Trees Maintained and Rotation Cycle.
TREES/ YEAR SPACING ROTATION CARED MAINTAINED
SPECIES PLANTED DISTANCE AGE (YRS.) AREA TREES
PLANTED (M) PLANTED PLANTED
(HA.) (NO.)
1.
2.
3.

4.
5.

6.
7.
TOTAL - - -

Table 12. Agri-Crop Production by Type

AGRI- YEAR SPACING ROTATION CARED AND
CROPS PLANTED DISTANCE AGE (YRS.) MAINTAINED
 (M)
AREA CROPS
PLANTED PLANTED
(HS.) (NO.)

2.
3.

7.6.11 Scheduled Yearly Activities on Plantation’s Care and Maintenance-

Table 13. Silvicultural Practices Applied.
ACTIVITIES MONTHS
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1. Ring Weeding x x x x
2. Replanting x x x x
3. Fertilization x x x x
4. Ring Brushing & Mulching x x x
5. Pre- Pruning x x x x x x
6. Pre- Thinning x x x x x x
7. Other Tending Treatment x x x x x x
8. IPD Spraying (ctc basis)

7.6.12 Other Establishments Operations-

7.7 Tending
7.7.1 PRuning
The Corporation is practicing this activity by removal of dry branches
of the planted trees rather than of the green ones, particularly, the forks,
abnormal, poorly shaped trees and wolf trees, to improve the growth of the
trees.
7.7.2 Thinning
The Corporation is practicing simple correction of the tree growth after
planting by eliminating the undesirable individuals and only trees with the best
stem were retained up to maturity.
7.7.3 Later Fertilization
Slow release fertilization will still be the technique adopted by the
project when the need arises, by placing/bagging 150 to 200 grams 14-14-14
fertilizers in the 3”by 10” ice candy plastic bags and buried at the base of the
individual planted trees, at least 3” away from the stem, with a minute hole at
the bottom of the bag for the slow release of the melted fertilizer. This
technique was found effective, economical and ensure long lasting use by the
plants.
7.7.4 Other Tending Treatments
 All planted trees that have been damaged by typhoon were removed
totally from the sites for any proper disposal. While those planted trees that
have been partially damaged by typhoon were pruned and/ or thinned partially
according to the extent of the damage. Thereafter, any damages that may occur
in the future from unexpected phenomena shall undergo aforementioned
practices.
7.8 Plantation Protection
Planted seedlings in the established plantation were nurtured and cared
for to enhance their growth.
Forest protection is regularly done from the establishment up to the
project life. Access road, when necessary, and trails shall be constructed for
better and faster mobility of personnel and needed equipments and/ or
facilities.
Protection was undertaken through patrol works, construction of fire
towers, information dissemination and construction of fire lines or firebreaks.
Periodical weeding and cultivation of planted seedlings were
undertaken, combined with the application of fertilizer needed.
Replanting was done after 2 months from out planting to complete the
desired seedling density of the project. The 5% expectation for seedlings
mortality during out planting were replaced seedling buffer stock.
7.8.1 Look-out Tower
A total of 2 lookout towers shall be established which were
strategically located on the slopes of the mountain peaks where panoramic
view of the entirely project area is achieved. This will have to be linked
together by footpath establishment plantation. Communication between and
among the towers and the project quarters is via radio hand set
A total of 8-m wide x 24.84 kilometers fire lines were constructed
surrounding the project and along the boundaries of the newly established
plantation from 1995 to 2006.
7.8.2 Pests and Diseases
All planted trees in the field were regularly checked for prevention
from any entry and/ or attack by any kind of pests and diseases. Appropriate
application of chemicals for specific damage and attack by the injurious agents
were undertaken to protect/ prevent further damages to the plantations.
1.8.3 Encroachment
To deter encroachment, marking and/or blazing of all corners of the
project boundaries established by the DENR personnel were religiously made
by the Management. In addition, prominent trees which are found to be good
physical markers that can be seen at a distance, like Bamboo,Kakawate, and
other tree species willalso be planted in some important corners. Furthermore,
encroachment in the project area was prevented and protected by the
construction of fire look-out towers, checkpoints, bunkhouses, and installation
of billboard. And, finally the constant and regular conduct of the information
 dissemination with the involved persons, officials and agencies had helped a
lot in the strengthening and enlightening of the project’s importance which led
t its success for 25 years in operation.
Plantation Guards were being mobilized and actively discharged their
duties and responsibilities, I.e., to maintain, prevent and protect the Iproject
area from any encroachment activity by human beings, including animals,
under the closed supervision of the Project Manager.
7.9 Regeneration
In order to maintain the sustainable yield management program for the
project area, the Corporation shall aim to regenerate areas subjected to clear
cutting programmed during specific period of time thru replanting. At least 4
good mother trees per hectares shall be left for regeneration purposes. This
shall be identified immediately before the harvesting operations. Natural
regeneration, if any, will be protected from damage during and after major
operation’s undertaken on the site.
7.10 Natural Forest Management
7.10.1 Residual Production Forest
Not applicable, since the approved project area of _______hectares is
purely bare and cogonal lands and almost devoid of natural growing forest
trees. If any, in the future, shall be protected.
7.10.2 Degraded Residual Forest
Patches and Degraded Residual Forest can be found within the gullies
and creeks in the Project Area.
7.11 Community Involvement/Development
The Corporate Social Responsibilities of the Corporation on
Communities within and outside Iproject area shall be undertaken
through_______
7.11.1 Hiring Policy
Since the area occupied by the forest occupant were all segregated
from the total approved project area the lessee has offered to the people in the
communities, for employment opportunities and voluntary donations to the
barangay officials, students, youths, and others in the form of cash or in kind,
as incentives or gifts.
On the average 20-30 persons were hired during nursery operations
responsible to undertake the establishment of the nurseries, sowing of seeds,
collecting potting mediums and potting of soils in polyethylene bags, care and
maintenance of the seedlings; 50-80 persons were employed during plantation
and protection operations, to include strip/spot brushing, stating, holing,
fertilizing, distributing of potted seedlings, guarding, patrolling and protecting
of the establishment plantations; 100-150 persons shall be hired during
harvesting, processing and market operations. Hiring of workers will adhere to
60:30:10hiring policy, wherein 60% shall come from the immediate vicinities
 or host barangays; 30% from neighboring barangays; and 10% outside the host
province, respectively. Salaries/wages and contractual fees for the
7.11.2Ancestral Land
The approved project area of ICentury Peak Corporation is purely part
of the Timberland Block, Project No. ___, LC Map No. ___ of the
municipality of Igbaras Iloilo and has no existing indigenous peoples living
there on. The area is not identified ancestral land and free from any claim by
the Indigenous People.
7.11.3 Identification of Issue
The Project involved the residents in the total management framework.
They have integrated themselves with the local population in addressing issues
that have arisen as a consequence of the project. Generally, resolution of the
issues was through consensus and consultation.
Among the commitments of the project was to ensure that the project
Management has planned intervention in resolving issues, without
compromising the environment as whole.
7.11.4 Resolution of Issues
The project submit itself to the full scrutiny of the DENR. However,
the Management is continuously coordinating with the local government units
of Igbaras and the Province of Iloilo and other agencies which may have
stakes or interests in the pursuance of the project.
7.11.5 Detailed Program/ Benefit- Sharing Agreement
The sharing of the profit arising from the project between the holder
thereof and the Government shall be negotiated between the said holder and
the DENR immediately following the approval of the CDMP and the grant of
ECC, taking into consideration, among others cost factor:
a. plantation establishment, protection, management, infrastructure and
harvesting cost as well as mitigating measure;
b. Fixed Assets, equipment and machinery’s directly related to the
plantation development and harvest;
c. Kind and volume of products that shall be harvested and prevailing
fair market prices thereof;
d. Variation in rates of interest and foreign exchange of financial
investment;
e. Expenses incurred in indirect activities such as community
development, etc;
f. Forest charges and taxes paid; and
g. Reasonable margin for profit and risks.
The Profit sharing agreed upon shall form part of the IFMA.
7.11.6 Scheduled Yearly Activities on Plantation Protection-
Table 14. Monthly Protection Activities
ACTIVITIES MONTHS
J F M A M J J A S O N D
 1. Patrolling & Guarding x x x x x x x x x x x x
2. Fire lines & Firebreaks x x X x
3. Trails’ Construction x x x
4. Information Dissemination x x x x x x x x x x x x
5. Construction of Fire Look-Out x x x
Towers
6. Encroachment x x x x x x x x x x x x

16. HARVESTING AND TRANSPORT

8.3.4 Hauling and/or Transporting
8.3.6 Marketing
The Corporation purposely planted the trees for protection purposes.
pro

9. MONITORING AND QUALITY CONTROL

9.1 Forest Management System –
9.11 Compartment System
The total project area of the project of Century Peak was divided into
two (2) irregular compartments with an average size of 50.00 hectares per
compartment. Compartmentalization was done based on the actual physical
size/appearance of the area planted per year during the 12 years operation, in
order to achieve and/or assure better and sound development, management,
protection, and utilization of the project resource. Please prefer to Annex
No.---------.

Table 16. Matrix on the Compartmentalization of Plantations.

TARGET COMPA SPECIES PLANTED YEAR AREA NO. OF REMARKS
YEAR RTMEN PLANTE PLANTE TREES
T NO. D D PLANTED
1 s
9.1.2 FOREST AND RECORD SYSTEM
The requisite for good management is a proper keeping and preserving
of the records of all events from nursery operations, plantation, management
and protection operations, and harvesting, processing and marketing
operations at the project office.
For each plantation or compartment, a special registration sheet is
maintained, on which all important events and data are recorded. These
registers has to be updated regularly, by registering the following information:
a. Designation of Compartment or Plantation;
b. Area Coverage;
c. Species planted and seed source;
d. Spacing adapted;
e. Date of planting, total number of seedlings planted;
f. Date of replanting;
g. Events and date of the occurrence of injurious agencies, tending
operations, survival counts; pruning, thinning, harvesting, etc.

9.1.3 Maps; Photographs; Awards; and Videos -

Please refer to Annexes No. 1 to 8 for Maps; and Appendices No. for
Photographs, No. for Awards and Achievements, and No. for Project area
and its Accomplishment of this Plan.
9.2 Monitoring
The DENR personnel, in accordance with and by the virtue of the
approved Lease Agreement, Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC),
and Comprehensive Development and Management Plane (CDMP), shall
undertake monitoring and evaluation of the Iproject in coordination with
Lessee and Project Manager. No admittance of any DENR Personnel for said
purpose without clearance from/by the Lessee and/or his duly authorized
representative shall be a Standing Management Policy.
9.3 Quality Control
Quality control shall be undertaken in every phase of the operation,
i.e., fumigation of the finished products and silvicultural practices on the
growing stock, appropriate under existing situations and conditions obtaining
in the project area shall be adopted.
10 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
 T

11. YIELDS AND PRODUCTION

11.1 Plantations
11.1.1 Thinning Yields

11.1.2 Clear Fell Yield

Cl

5.
6. MAINTENANCE AND PROTECTION OF FOREST RESOURCES
6.1 Natural Growth Forest, River and Creeks Protection
For the untouched natural growth forest, rivers and creeks within the
area. CPEC has utmost concern to preserve and conserve these resources.
Awareness programs for its employees and contractors as well as for the
community on resources protection and conservation shall be done. This is to
heighten their consciousness in prevention of continues degradation of
resources and/or denudation of forests.

For the river and creeks, CPEC is maximizing its efforts for slope
stabilization and siltation prevention.

6.2 Environmental Restoration

6.3 Tree Plantation Establishment

In compliance with the condition in FLAg, and consistent with CPEC’s
commitment to care for the environment, CPEC will implement a Tree Replacement
Program, to replace the trees which were cut during the development of the project.

The plan shall consist of ___________ hectares tree plantation, with

_______________ seedlings per hectare, equivalent to ________ forest tree
seedlings; and __________________ hectares fruit tree plantation, with
____________ seedlings per hectare, equivalent to ________ fruit tree seedlings,
with a total number of ______________- seedlings in _________ hectares open sites
identified by the DENR in the Province of Iloilo. (indigenous trees only for protection
purposes)

An agreement was made between DENR, CPEC and the People’s Organization,
___ Association, who will be undertaking the implementation of the project. The said
agreement outlines the program of work, the financial aspects and the roles and
responsibilities of each party. (Make MOA). (CPEC will handle the planting and
they will only hire people in the community, will hire a forester and put 3 nurseries)
 6.4 Seedling Procurement (will hire people in the community to produce seedlings for the
tree plantation)
_________ Association, the People’s Organization assigned to undertake the tree
plantation establishment is responsible for the seedling propagation or procurement.
They are to produce locally indigenous species of forest trees and fruit trees.
Following the work and financial plan, ________ Association will produce the
required seedlings by __________, of _________ (date), in preparation for planting
by _________ (date). (Make Work and Financial Plan)

6.5 Nursery Operations (will put up 3 nurseries. Upper, lower and middle portion of the
CPEC area, to be supported by map)
All operations and maintenance of the nursery shall be fully taken charge by
___________ Association, based on the tri-partite agreement with CPEC and DENR.
They shall maintain a stock of 20% of the total number of seedlings as contingency in
case of mortality.

6.6 Plantation Establishment and Maintenance

Plantation establishment and maintenance is likewise the responsibility of ______
Association, in behalf of CPEC. However, CPEC, shall be closely monitoring to
ensure that the plantation establishment and maintenance is being undertaken
according to the contract and following the approved work and financial plan.
6.7 Plantation Protection(25 years duration of the plan)(trees will be planted based on the
species requirements, 1x1, after years of planting will conduct thinning of the
plantation to ensure healthy growth of the trees stand)
CPEC through ___________ Association shall take charge of the protection and
maintenance for a period of three (3) years. Upon completion of the 3-year
maintenance period, the plantation shall then be turned-over to DENR, through
PENRO-Iloilo. The Protection shall thereafter be under DENR’s care.

6.8 Harvesting of Forest Products

Since the plantation will be turned-over to DENR, CPEC shall not have any
participation or involvement in the harvesting of forest products.

7. MONITORING AND EVALUATION (CRMF- CNFM, monitoring)(

For the CDMP implementation and FLAg conditions compliance, CPEC shall
conduct internal monitoring and evaluation. CPEC shall ensure that all conditions of the
FLAg is religiously complied and that this CDMP is duly implemented. Apart from
internal monitoring, DENR also monitors the company’s compliances. A Multi-partite
Monitoring Team (MMT) also monitors CPEC’s ECC Compliance as well as other
environmental compliances, including the FLAg conditions.
 For the implementation of the __________- hectare tree plantation, PENRO-Iloilo
and CPEC shall jointly monitor and evaluate the progress of the works of ______
Association, based on the approved work and financial plan. Regular inspections will be
conducted to ensure that the planned works are being implemented. Year-end evaluation
will also be done to determine if _________________ association is effectively
implementing the tree plantation program.

An Annual FLAg Compliance Report will be submitted by CPEC to DENR

through PENRO Iloilo to ensure regular compliance. Such compliance shall be subject to
DENR’s validation.

8. MARKET AND UTILIZATION- The Corporation will not utilized/cut the planted
trees,the trees planted are for protection purposes especially along the river banks.

8.1 Market Information

8.2 Utilization

9. ORGANIZATION

9.1 Company Organization

9.2 Project Organization
9.2.1 Staff
9.2.2 Labor

10. FINANCIAL ASPECTS

10.1 Costs
10.1.1 Development
10.1.2 Post Development Phase

10.2 Sources of Finance

10.3 Returns
10.4 Financial Analysis

11. Appendices
11.1 Maps
11.1.1 General Location with Technical Description (Survey Data)
11.1.2 Roads and Infrastructure Developments