Politeness theory

Politeness is a theory in pragmatics which was first published in 1978

This is basically a extension to the idea of face which was given by

Goffman in the year 1967

Politeness means to be thoughtful, humble ,modest, gentle and

good to the other people

so, politeness is the practical application of good manners or

etiquette or not to offend other .
In practical terms we can say that how we are able to address the
problem of the others or maybe what kind of speech we are having
that need to be sort of polite and it must also be friendly
We want to conveying something we must be humble and polite

EXAMPLE
If I am polite , it mean I am also respecting the other person I am
not just talking , but also giving respect to other person
The basic reson of politeness is that we have to sustain certain
impression relationship and we have to abide by established social
norms and values and these values are considerd to be appropriate

Face wants
They refer to a person desire to be acceptedand approved of in a
certain group andon the other hand to be appreciated of the self
image by other
Face threatening acts (direact )
face threatening acts (FTA) refers to actions or statements that may
threaten someone”s positive social value or face . these are
behaviour or utterances that potentially damage someons ,
self_esteem social image or face .

Example
>Turns down the full music
>shut up your mouth

Face saving act ( FSA)

It means saying something to lessen a threat or to maintain a good
self image .
if someone action might be interpreted as a threat to another s
facethe sepeker can say to lessen the possible threat

Example
I am going to tell him to stop that music
you could just ask him if he is going to stop that music because its
getting a bite late and people need to get a sleep Face
face
Face represent in individual self image
positive face
positive face is an indivisual desire to be liked and appreciated by others .
think of this as a person self_ esteem
negative face is an indivisuals desire to protect their personal right,
such as their fredoom of speech and action