General Agricultue 2023 PDF (1) - 230628 - 015640

General Agriculture Current Affairs- 2023
AGRICULTURE PROFILE OF INDIA

 Total Geographical Area of the country- 329 Million Hectare (Mha)
 Net sown area of the country- 139.35 mha (42.4% of total geographical area)
 Culturable wasteland-12.21Mha
 Area put to non-agricultural uses- 27.34
 Permanent pastures & other grazing lands- 10.37 Mha
 Gross sown area of the country- 197.32 Million Hectare
 Net Irrigated area in India- 71.55 Mha (2021) 
 Gross Irrigated area in India -102.67 Million Hectare
 % of Gross Irrigated Area over Gross Cropped Area- 52.03
 % of Net Irrigated Area over Net Area Sown- 51.35
 Cropping Intensity of India is- 141.6%
 Barren and uncultivable land area in the country- 17.16 Mha
 Fallow land- 14.53 Mha
 Area under food crops-126.95 Mha; Area under non-food crops- 49.24 Mha
 Degraded land area/Deforested/desertification area in the country- 97.85 Mha 
 Waste land area in the country- 55.7 mha (16.96% to TGA)
 Share of Agriculture and allied sectors in GDP during 2021-22 was- 18.6%
 The percentage of population dependent on agriculture for livelihood- 47% (Economic survey, 2023)
 The share of agriculture in overall employment- 45.5% (PLFS 2021-22)
 The workforce engaged in farming - 48.9% (PLFS 2021-22)
Source: Annual report of Department of Agriculture 2022-23.
 As per Situation Assessment Survey (SAS) of Agricultural Households during NSS 77 th round
(January 2019- December 2019) average monthly income per agricultural household stood at-
Rs.10, 218 in 2018-19 as compared to Rs.6426 in 2012-13.
 The state that tops across the country with average monthly income per agricultural household
is- Meghalaya (Rs 29,348)> Punjab (Rs 26,701) > Haryana (Rs 22,841).
 Total number of FPOs on boarded on e-National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) platform-
2389 FPO's (As of March 2023)
 Target year set by India to achieve Net Zero Carbon Emission is- 2070
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Prepared by RaFA# EXTN# ANGRAU
 Ethanol production increased from- 40 crore litres to 340 crore litres in just seven years
 Present ethanol blending with petrol- 10% (Target set by GOI is 25% by 2025)
 Brands developed under One District One Product (ODOP) concept
Name of the brand Place
Amrit phal (Amla powder) Gurugram, Haryana
Cori Gold (Coriander powder) Kota, Rajasthan
Kashmiri Mantra (Spices) Jammu & Kashmir
Madhu Mantra (Honey) Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh
Dilli bakes (Wheat cookies) Delhi
 North East Centre for Technology Application and Reach (NECTAR)

NECTAR is an autonomous society, set up under Department of Science & Technology;
Government of India with its headquarter at Shillong, Meghalaya in 2012.
 NECTAR under Saffron Bowl project has identified few locations in- Arunachal Pradesh
and Meghalaya for saffron cultivation.
 India presented the following five nectar elements (Panchamrit) of India’s climate action:
i. Reach 500GW Non-fossil energy capacity by 2030.
ii. 50 per cent of its energy requirements from renewable energy by 2030.
iii. Reduction of total projected carbon emissions by one billion tonnes from now to 2030.
iv. Reduction of the carbon intensity of the economy by 45 per cent by 2030, over 2005 levels.
v. Achieving the target of net zero emissions by 2070.
 The mantra of LIFE- Lifestyle for Environment to combat climate change was shared in COP
26, Glasgow, UK.
 Some important environment related acts:
Environment related act Year
Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974
The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981
The Environment (Protection) Act 1986
Disaster Management (DM) Act 2005
National Environment Policy 2006
The National Green Tribunal Act 2010
The E-Waste (Management) Rules 2016
The Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary 2016
Movement) Rules
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Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules 2017
Forest Conservation Rules (provides for diversion of forest land ‘only 2022
after fulfillment and compliance of all provisions’ including settlement
of rights under the Forest Rights Act”)
Coastal Aquaculture Authority (Amendment) Bill 2023
(The primary purpose of this bill is to promote sustainable coastal
aquaculture in India while ensuring ease of doing business.)
 Centre for Wetland Conservation and Management (CWCM), as a part of the National
Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management (NCSCM) established at- Chennai under
Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
 Total number of Ramsar sites in India- 64 sites covering an area of 15.26 million hectares
in the country (4.6% of its land as wetlands).
Micro-Irrigation:
 Top five states in area covered under micro irrigation (drip + sprinkler) is- Karnataka>
Tamil Nadu> Gujarat>Maharashtra > Andhra Pradesh
 The Top 3 States With The Highest Area Covered Under Drip Irrigation: Maharashtra (1,414,185
ha)> Andhra Pradesh (1,400,780 ha) > Tamil Nadu (867,898 ha)
 The Top 3 States With The Highest Area Covered Under Sprinkler Irrigation: Rajasthan
(1,777,985ha) > Karnataka (1,604,399 ha) > Gujarat (788,672 ha)
 Total Area covered under micro irrigation- 14,491,877
Share of Major States in Area Covered under Micro-Irrigation
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Food grain Production Scenario (2022-23):
 Total food grain production in the country for the year 2022-22 (2nd Advance Estimates)-
323.55 Million Tonnes (MT)
 Target of food grain production set up by Govt. of India for the year 2022-23 - 332 Million
Tonnes
 Total food grain production in the country for the year 2021-22 (Final)- 315.7 Million Tonnes
 Area under cultivation of millets in 2021-22 is- 15.48 million hectares
Food grains Production for the year 2021-22 (Final Estimates):

Food grain production includes Cereals and Pulses only
Total Cereals Production 288.31 MillionTonnes (MT)
Total Pulses Production 27.30 MT
Total Food grain Production 315.61 MT
Cereals Production (Million Tonnes)

Rice 129.47
Wheat 107.74
Maize 33.73
Bajra 9.78
Jowar 4.15
Nutri cereals 16.00
Small Millets 0.367
Nutri/Coarse cereals 51.10
Total Cereals Production 288.31 MT
Pulses
Gram/Bengal gram/Chickpea 13.54 MT
Tur /Red gram/Arhar 4.20 MT
Urad/Black gram 2.77 MT
Green gram/Moong 3.16 MT
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Total food grain Production 315.61 MT
(Kharif- 155.36 MT
Rabi - 160.25 MT)
Food grains Production for the year 2022-23 (Third Advance Estimates):
Food grain production includes Cereals and Pulses only
Total Cereals Production 295.74 MillionTonnes (MT)
Total Food grain Production 330.53 MT
Cereals Production (Million Tonnes)

Rice 135.54
Wheat 112.74
Maize 35.91
Bajra 11.16
Jowar 4.00
Shree anna/Nutri cereals 15.90
Small Millets 0.40
Nutri cereals/Shree anna 54.74
Total Cereals Production 303.03 MT
Pulses
Gram/Bengal gram/Chickpea 13.54 MT
Tur /Red gram/Arhar 3.43 MT
Urad/Black gram 2.61 MT
Green gram/Moong 3.74 MT
Total food grain Production 330.53 MT

(Kharif- 155.11 MT; Rabi -160.18
MT &Summer-15.23 MT)
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Area and Yield particulars of Principal Crops:
Crop Area in Yield Area in Mha Yield Top ‘3’ Top ‘3’ Area
Mha (kg/ha) 2022-23 (kg/ha) producing States
2021-22 2021-22 2022-23 states
Paddy 46.28 2798 47.05 2781 W.Bengal U.P.
U.P. West Bengal
Punjab Odisha
Wheat 30.46 3537 31.12 3521 U.P. U.P.
M.P. M.P.
Punjab Punjab
Maize 9.96 3387 10.08 3435 Karnataka Karnataka
Maharashtra Maharashtra
M.P. M.P.
Sorghum 3.80 1092 3.72 1095 Maharashtra Maharashtra
Karnataka Karnataka
Rajasthan Rajasthan
Bajra 6.84 1430 7.03 1391 Rajasthan Rajasthan
U.P. U.P.
Haryana Haryana
Finger millet 1.22 1396 1.11 1497 Karnataka Karnataka
Uttarakhand Uttarakhand
Nutri cereals/ 22.70 2251 23.16 2277 Rajasthan Rajasthan
Shree anna U.P. U.P.
Total cereals 99.44 2899 102.08 2897 U.P. U.P.
M.P. M.P.
Rajasthan Punjab
Arhar/Redgram 4.90 861 4.45 824 Karnataka Maharashtra
Maharashtra Karnataka
M.P. U.P.
Black gram 4.63 599 4.44 604 M.P M.P
Rajasthan Rajasthan
U.P. U.P.
Bengal 10.74 1261 10.78 1264 M.P. M.P.
gram/gram Maharashtra Maharashtra
Rajasthan Rajasthan
Moong/green 5.55 570 5.31 668 Rajasthan Rajasthan
gram M.P. M.P.
Karnataka Karnataka
Lentil (Masur) 1.41 899 1.71 935 U.P. U.P.
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M.P. M.P.
W.B. W.B.
Total pulses 30.73 888 30.10 924 M.P M.P
Rajasthan Rajasthan
Total food grains 124.78 2425 132.18 2448 U.P. U.P.
M.P. M.P.
Rajasthan Punjab
(Source: Kharif price policy report 2023)
Fig: State wise Pulses area and production (source: https://dpd.gov.in)
Commercial crops production for the year 2021-22 & 2022-23:
 Oil seeds: Includes Nine crops i.e., Ground nut, castor, Mustard and Rape seed, Niger,
linseed. Safflower, Sunflower, Soyabean and Sesamum.
Crop Area in Production in Yield in Area in Production in Yield in

Million Million Tonne (MT) kg/ha Mha MT 2022-23 kg/ha
hectare 2021-22 2021-22 2022-23 2022-23
(Mha)
2021-22
Soyabean 12.98 12.98 1069 12.04 14.97 1161
Groundnut 10.13 10.13 1777 5.18 10.28 1942
Rape seed & Mustard 11.96 11.96 1497 8.86 12.49 1447
Sesamum 1.63 0.79 485 1.48 0.75 506
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Castor seed 1.61 1.61 1761 1.6 1.87 1593
Sunflower 0.27 0.25 923 0.27 0.28 1037
Niger seed 0.10 0.03 337 0.14 0.04 324
Safflower 0.08 0.06 777 0.08 0.06 727
Total nine oil seeds 28.95 37.96 MT 1312 29.26 40.99 1367
 Oil seeds top producing states

Crop Area Production Top ‘3’Producing Top ‘3’ Area States
(million hectares) (million tonnes) States
5.18 10.28  Gujarat  Gujarat

Groundnut  Andhra Pradesh  Rajasthan
 Rajasthan  Tamilnadu
12.04 14.97  Maharashtra  Maharashtra
Soybean  Madhya Pradesh  Madhya Pradesh
 Rajasthan  Rajasthan
0.27 0.28  Karnataka  Karnataka
Sunflower  Maharashtra  Telangana
 Madhya Pradesh  Odisha
Rape seed & 8.86 12.49  Rajasthan  Rajasthan
Mustard  Madhya Pradesh  Madhya Pradesh
 Uttar Pradesh  Haryana
 Other Commercial Crops (2021-22 & 2022-23)

Crop Area in Production in Yield in Area in Production in Yield in
Million Million Tonne (MT) kg/ha Mha MT in kg/ha
hectare 2021-22 2021-22 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23
(Mha)
2021-22
Sugarcane 5.18 439.42 MT 84906 5.56 494.22 MT 84376
Cotton 12.37 31.11 Million bale# 428 13.05 34.34 Million 439
bales#
Jute & Mesta 0.67 10.14 Million bales 2738 0.66 9.49 Million 2730
## bales##
(Note: #1bale= 170 Kgs; ##1bale= 180 Kgs)
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Commercial crops top producing states:
Crop Area Production Top Producing States Top Area States
(million (million tonnes)
hectares)
 Maharashtra  Gujarat
Cotton 13.05 34.34  Gujarat  Maharashtra
 Telangana  Telangana
 West Bengal  West Bengal
Jute and 0.66 9.49  Assam  Assam
Mesta  Bihar  Bihar
 Uttar Pradesh  Uttar Pradesh
Sugarcane 5.56 494.22  Maharashtra  Maharashtra
 Karnataka  Karnataka
 Gujarat  Gujarat
 Karnataka  Andhra Pradesh
Tobacco 0.36 0.76  Andhra Pradesh  Uttar Pradesh
Millet scenario in India

 Millets include three major Sorghum (Jowar), Pearl millet (Bajra), Finger millet (Ragi))
and six minor crops (Barnyard (Sanwa), Proso (Chenna/Barri), Foxtail (Kakum), Kodo,
Brown Top and Little (Kutki/Shavan).
 GOI has declared millets as- ‘Powerhouses of nutrition’/ Nutri cereals/Climate resilient
crops/next super food
 The country that ranks first in millet production is- India (accounts for 19% of world
production).
Fig: Country wise production of millets
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 According to ICAR-Indian Institute of Millets Research, Hyderabad, Millets contain 7-
12% protein, 2-5% fat, 65-75% carbohydrates and 15-20% dietary fiber.
 United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) (in 2021) had declared- 2023 as the
International Year of Millets (IYOM23)
 Millets were rebranded as “Nutri Cereals” on April 2018.
Note: 2018- National Year of Millets
 Government of India (GOI) in Budget 2023-24 conferred --------------- research institute as
‘Centre of Excellence’ for sharing best practices, research and technologies at the
international level is- Indian Institute of Millet Research, Hyderabad.
 To make India a global hub for millets, GOI designated millets as- 'Shree Anna'
 Top 5 ‘Jowar’ producing states in the country during 2021-22 is- Maharashtra>
Karnataka> Rajasthan> Tamil nadu > Uttar Pradesh
 Top 5 ‘Bajra’ producing states in the country during 2021-22 is- Rajasthan> Uttar
Pradesh > Haryana> Gujarat > Madhya Pradesh
 Top 5 ‘Ragi’ producing states in the country during 2021-22 is- Karnataka> Tamil
nadu > Uttarakhand> Maharashtra > Odisha
 Top 5 ‘Minor/small millets’ producing states in the country during 2021-22 is- Madhya
Pradesh > Uttarakhand> Tamil nadu > Maharashtra > Karnataka
 Top 5 ‘Jowar’ cultivating states in the country during 2021-22 is- Maharashtra>
Rajasthan> Karnataka> Tamil nadu > Uttar Pradesh
 Top 5 ‘Bajra’ cultivating states in the country during 2021-22 is- Rajasthan> Uttar
Pradesh > Maharashtra > Haryana > Gujarat
 Top 5 ‘Ragi’ cultivating states in the country during 2021-22 is- Karnataka>
Uttarakhand> Maharashtra > Tamil nadu > Odisha
 Top 5 ‘Minor/small millets’ cultivating states in the country during 2021-22 is- Madhya
Pradesh > Maharashtra > Chhattisgarh > Uttarakhand > Odisha
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Area and production data of Millets in 2021-22
Millet Crop Area (Mha) Production (MT) Productivity
(Kg/ha)
Jowar (Sorghum) 3.8 4.1 1,099
Bajra 6.84 9.78 1,420
Ragi 1.21 1.7 1,724
Minor millets 0.42 0.36 781
Area and production data of Millets in 2022-23

Millet Crop Area (Mha) Production (MT) Productivity
(Kg/ha)
Jowar (Sorghum) 3.72 4.00 1100
Bajra 7.03 11.16 1410
Ragi 1.11 1.6 1540
Minor millets 0.44 0.40 781
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(Source: pib.gov.in & APEDA Millet portal)
Productivity Comparison for Major Crops (in kg/ha)
Crop World World Highest All-India State Highest
Average Average
Paddy 4764 8640 (USA) 2809 6510 (Punjab)
Maize 5879 11111 (USA) 3387 7066 (Tamil Nadu)
Sorghum 1499 4919 (Egypt) 1092 3372 (Andhra Pradesh)
Sesamum 508 1636 (China) 485 979 (West Bengal)
Soybean 2870 3455 (USA) 1069 1731 (Telangana)
Groundnut 1648 4635 (USA) 1777 2812 (Tamil Nadu)
Sunflower 1970 3032 (China) 923 1422 (Bihar)
(Source: Food and Agriculture Organization, 2022).
Share of Area under Major Crops in India:
Crops Percentage of Gross Cropped Share in value of output
Area (GCA)
Rice 22.27 13.96
Wheat 15.45 9.68
Coarse cereals 11.70 3.78
Total cereals 49.41 27.41
Total Pulses 14.40 5.26
Total food grains 63.81 32.67
Total oilseeds 13.52 8.44
Groundnut 2.62 2.28
Cotton 6.55 5.15
Sugarcane 2.43 4.93
Total fruits & vegetables 8.64 27.77
(Source: NABARD, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare, GOI)
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Horticultural Crops Statistics for the year 2022-23
 Total Horticultural crops production for the year 2021-22- 347.18 Million Tonne (MT)
(Final Estimate)
 Total area under Horticultural crops for the year 2021-22- 28.04 million hectares
 Total Fruit production in India - 107.51 Million Tonne
 Total Vegetable production in India- 209.14 Million Tonne
 Total horticulture crops production during the year 2022-23- 350.87 Million Tonne (Mt)
Area and production particulars of principal horticultural crops:
Total Horticulture 2021-22 (Final 2022-23 (1st estimate)
estimate)
Area (in Million hectares) 28.04 28.28
Production (in Million Tonne) 347.18 350.87
Productivity (Tonnes/ha) 12.38 12.40
Top “3” cultivated Top “3” cultivated Top “3” Fruits in

Vegetables in Area & Fruits in Area Production
Production
First- Potato Mango Banana
Second- Onion Banana Mango
Third- Tomato Citrus Citrus
Top “3” States in Top “3” States in Top “3” States in Top “3” States in
Vegetable Area Vegetable Production Fruit Area Fruit production
West bengal Uttar Pradesh Maharashtra Andhra Pradesh
(1.53 Mha) (29.94 Mt) (0.83 Mha) (18.99 Mt)
Uttar Pradesh West bengal Andhra Pradesh (0.78 Maharashtra (12.46
(1.32 Mha) (28.43 Mha) Mha) Mt)
Maharashtra Madhya Pradesh Gujarat Gujarat
(1.17 Mha) (21.92 Mha) (0.43 Mha) (8.2 Mt)
Crop Area Production Production Top ‘3’ Producing States Top ‘3’Area States
(million hectares) (in million tonnes (in million tonnes
2021-22) 2022-23)
59.74  Uttar Pradesh  Uttar Pradesh
Potato 2.20 56.18  West Bengal  West Bengal
 Bihar  Bihar
31.01  Maharashtra  Maharashtra
Onion  Madhya Pradesh  Madhya
1.91 31.69  Karnataka Pradesh
 Karnataka
Tomato 0.84 20.69 20.62  Uttar Pradesh  Madhya Pradesh
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 Madhya Pradesh  Andhra
 Punjab Pradesh
 Karnataka
 Union ministry of agriculture approved setting up of three Centers of Excellence (CoE) Under the
Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture and Indo-Israel Agriculture Project (IIAP)
for horticultural crops - Kamlam (Dragon Fruit) at (IIHR), Bengaluru, at experimental
station, Hirehalli, Bengaluru: CoE for Mango and Vegetables- Jajpur district, Odisha;
Vegetables and Flowers- Ponda, Goa.
Note: Government of India has approved 49 Centers of Excellence (CoEs).
MSP of Crops for Marketing Season 2023-24:

Kharif Crops MSP (Rs.)
Rabi Crops MSP (Rs.)
Paddy- Common 2183
Wheat 2125
Paddy Grade A 2203
Barley 1735
Jowar-Hybrid 3180
Gram 5335
Jowar- Maldandi 3225
Lentil (Masur) 6000
Bajra 2500
Rapeseed & Mustard 5450
Ragi 3846
Safflower 5650
Maize 2090
Milling copra 10,860
Tur/Arhar/Redgram 7000
Ball copra 11,750
Moong/Green gram 8558
Raw Jute 5050
Urad/black gram 6950
Groundnut 6377
Sunflower 6760
Soyabean 4600
Sesamum 8635
Niger seed 7734
Cotton (medium 6620
staple)
Cotton (Long Staple) 7020
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Animal Husbandry, Dairy & Poultry
 Total milk production in the country during 2021-22 is- 221.06 million tonnes
(contributing 24 per cent of global milk production).
 Top five major milk producing States are- Rajasthan (15.05%)> Uttar Pradesh (14.93%)
> Madhya Pradesh (8.06%) > Gujarat (7.56%) > Andhra Pradesh (6.97%)
 The total egg production in the country during 2021-22 is- 129.60 billion nos
 Total five major egg producing States are- Andhra Pradesh (20.41%)> Tamil Nadu
(16.08%)> Telangana (12.86%) >West Bengal (8.84%) > Karnataka (6.38%).
 The total meat production in the country during 2021-22 is- 9.29 million tonnes
 The total five major meat producing States are- Maharashtra (12.25%)> Uttar Pradesh
(12.14%)> West Bengal (11.63%) >Andhra Pradesh (11.04%)> Telangana (10.82%).
 The per-capita availability of milk during 2021-22 is- 444 gram/day
 Per-capita availability of egg during 2021-22 is- 95 nos/annum
 The per-capita availability of meat during 2021-22 is- 6.82 kg/annum
 The share of Livestock at constant prices in Agriculture Sector and total GVA was- 30.13%
and 4.9%.
 Total number of indigenous breeds registered in the country- 222
 Portal launched by ministry of fisheries, animal husbandry and dairying in order to expedite
regulatory process for approval of animal drugs and vaccines- NANDI portal (NOC
Approval for New Drug and Inoculation System Portal).
 100 fodder-centric Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs):2020-2023
 Launched by: Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying under formation
& promotion of 10,000 FPOs.
 Implementing agency: NDDB
 Objective: to address the fodder deficit situation in the country
(Source: https://dahd.nic.in/schemes/programmes/animal-husbandry-statistics)
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 India is the Second largest producer of fish and Fresh water fish in the world and
accounts for 7.56 per cent of the global production
 The total fish production in India during 2021-22- 16.24 Million Metric Tonnes (MMT)
(Includes Inland fish production of 12.12 MMT and Marine fish production of 4.12
MMT)
 The contribution fisheries sector to overall GVA was 1.24 and contribution to the
agricultural GVA was- 7.28 per cent (Rs. 2,32,620 crores)
 Nodal agency to promote the export of marine products in India- MPEDA (Marine
Products Export Development Authority); HQ- Kochi, Kerala.
 MPEDA statutory body under the- Ministry of Commerce and Industry
 India exported marine products during 2021-22 - 1.36 MMT worth Rs.57, 586 cr with
Frozen shrimp largest exported among marine products.
 Leading state in Marine Fish production- Gujarat
 Leading state in Inland Fish production- Andhra Pradesh (A.P)
 Five major fish producing states in India during 2021-22- A.P.> West bengal>
Karnataka > Odisha > Gujarat
 World Fish Centre headquarter located at- Penang, Malaysia
 Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute- Kochin, Kerala
 Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute- Barrack pore, West Bengal
 Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE)- Mumbai, Maharashtra
 Central Institute of Brackish water Aquaculture- Chennai
 Central Government Launched “Blue revolution scheme” for overall development of
fisheries sector including enhancement of production and productivity, improving the
livelihood of the fishers and welfare of fishermen in- 2015
 The main aim of Blue revolution is to augment Fish production to about- 20 MT by
2022-23.
 Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY launched in-2020) aims to
enhance fish production to- 220 lakh metric tons by 2024-25
 PMMSY intends to increase aquaculture productivity to- 5 tonnes per hectare (up from
Page 16
national average of 3 tonnes per hectare)
 National Fisheries Development Board (NFDB) Headquartered at- Hyderabad
 Govt. of India setup Fisheries export target of Rs.1lakh crore to be achieved by- 2024-
25
 An Independent Department of Fisheries has been created in 2019 to provide
sustained and focused attention towards the development of fisheries sector.
 Ministry of Fisheries initiated program to solve the problems of fishermen in Gujarat is-
Sagar parikrama
 The country that form the top destination for India’s marine exports- USA
Fisheries Statistics
Global position 2nd in Fisheries 2nd in
Aquaculture
*Contribution of Fisheries to GDP 1.24%
*Contribution of fisheries sector in 7.28%
agriculture
Per capita consumption of fish (Kg) 6.31
Present fish Production 16.24MMT
Inland 11.12 MMT
Marine 4.12 MMT
(Source: nfdb & Handbook Fisheries Statistics)
Natural farming:
 The programme formulated by for up-scaling the Bharatiya Prakritik Krishi Paddhati (BPKP)
to promote natural farming on larger scale across the country- Natural Mission on Natural
Farming (NMNF) during 2022-23.
 The practices have evolved with time and farmers are also using innovations like Pre
Monsoon Dry Sowing (a method of multi-species green manuring), Green manuring and
applying Farm Yard Manure (FYM), vermi-compost, etc. along with the Desi-cow based
components of Natural Farming.
 10,000 Bio-Input Resource Centers (BIRC): will be set-up, creating a national-level
distributed micro-fertilizer and pesticide manufacturing network. BIRC will facilitate 1 crore
farmers to adopt natural farming.
 Knowledge partner for natural farming extension- National Institute of Agricultural
Extension Management (MANAGE)
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Climate change and environment
 The 27th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP 27) was held from
November 6-20, 2022 in- Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt.
 The first conference of parties (COP1) was held in- Berlin in 1995.
Mangrove Alliance for climate (MAC):
 India has joined the Mangrove Alliance for climate at COP 27
 Members: UAE, Indonesia, Australia, Japan, Spain & Srilanka
 Objective: to scale up and accelerate the conservation and restoration of the mangrove
forests.
 Founder members: UAE & Indonesia in 2022.
 Finance Minister approved India’s first Sovereign green bonds framework
 Green bonds worth Rs. 160 billion focus on funding solar power projects, wind and
small hydro projects.
(Green bonds are financial instruments that generate funds for investment in
environmentally sustainable and climate suitable projects).
National Green Hydrogen Mission:
 Government of India formulated National Green Hydrogen Mission on ‘January 4, 2023’
(Green Hydrogen-A critical source of alternate energy)
 Funding: Rs.19,744 crore
 Vision: to make India an energy-independent nation, and to de-carbonize critical sectors.
 Objective: facilitate demand creation, production, utilization and export of Green
Hydrogen and mobilization of over Rs.8 lakh crore of investment by 2030.
 Green hydrogen production capacity of at least- 5 MMT (Million Metric Tonne) per
annum
 Cumulative reduction in fossil fuel imports over Rs.1 lakh crore and creation of over 6
lakh jobs.
 Renewable energy capacity addition of about 125 GW and abatement of nearly 50
MMT of annual GHG emissions.
 Green hydrogen is also an important element of India’s- Long Term Low Emissions
Development Strategy (LT-LEDS).
Page 18
 Target year se by government under National Green Hydrogen Mission to be energy
independent is- 2047.
Fertilizer Scenario (2021-22):

 Total production of ‘N’ fertilizer nutrients in India during 2021-22- 13.87 million MT
 Total production of ‘P2O5’ fertilizer nutrients in India during 2021-22- 4.71 million MT
 Total production of ‘NP’ fertilizer nutrients in India during 2021-22- 18.58 million MT
 Total production of ‘Urea’ in 2021-22 is- 25.08 million MT
 Total production of ‘DAP’ in 2021-22 is- 4.22 million MT
 Total production of ‘SSP’ in 2021-22 is- 5.35 million MT
 Total import of fertilizer products in 2021-22 is- 18.40 million MT (Urea- 9.14 million MT;
DAP- 5.46 million MT; NP/NPKs- 1.17 million MT; MOP- 2.46 million MT)
 Total Consumption of nutrients in 2021-22- 29.80 million MT (N-19.44 million MT; P2O5-
7.83 million MT; K2O- 2.53 million MT; K2O-2.53 million MT)
 Total Consumption of fertilizer products in 2021-22- 63.94 million MT (Urea- 34.18
million MT: DAP- 9.27 million MT; MOP- 2.46 million MT; NP/NPK complex
fertilizers- 11.48 million MT; SSP- 5.68 million MT)
 All-India NPK use ratio during 2021-22 is- 7.7:3.1:1
 Per hectare consumption of total fertilizer nutrients (N+ P2O5+ K2O) is- 146.7 kg/ha
 Top 5 fertilizer consuming states in India are- Uttar Pradesh> Maharashtra > Madhya
Pradesh > Karnataka> Punjab
 ‘One nation One Fertilizer’ scheme named as- PM Bharatiya Jan Urvarak Pariyojana
Note: All urea to be sold under brand name of “BHARAT UREA” and all DAP sold under
brand name of ‘BHARAT DAP”.
Nutrient Based Subsidy (NBS): scheme started in the Year 1 April, 2010
 Where a fixed rate of subsidy is announced on nutrients. The NBS covers three macro
nutrients (Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium) and one secondary nutrient (Sulphur).
 NBS for nutrient N, P, K and S (Rs. per kg.) w.e.f 1.10.2022 to 31.3.2023.
Nitrogen Phosphorous Potash Sulphur
(Rs. per Kg Subsidy) (Rs. per Kg (Rs. per Kg (Rs. per Kg Subsidy)
Subsidy) Subsidy)
76 41 15 2.8
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 Complex fertilizer included in the nutrient based subsidy scheme is- Ammonium Phosphate
(14:28:0:0)
 Inclusion of Potash derived from Molasses (0:0:14.5:0) under NBS scheme.
 GOI approved the Nano-liquid DAP manufactured by IFFCO.
 A trademark to provide a common identity to dung-based organic fertilizers- SuDhan
Pesticide consumption scenario (2022-23):

 Total Insecticides/ pesticides registered in India is- 318
 Pesticides / Formulations Banned In India: as on October, 2022
A. Pesticides Banned for manufacture, import and use: 46
B. Pesticide formulations banned for import, manufacture and use: 04
C. Pesticide / Pesticide formulations banned for use but continued to manufacture for export: 05
D. Pesticides Withdrawn : 08
 Pesticides restricted for use in the country- 09
 The union government has approved the sale of pesticides through e-commerce websites in
India. All e-commerce platforms including Amazon & Flipkart can home deliver pesticides to
their customers.
 Top pesticide consumption states in India are- Maharashtra (13,175 Metric Tonnes) and
Uttar Pradesh (11, 688 Metric Tonnes) accounting to 42.3% of pesticide consumption in
India (54,140 MT).
 The least pesticide consumption State/UT in India is-Arunachal Pradesh (3 MT) & Goa (32
MT)
 The total consumption of bio-pesticides at the national level stood at- 8,603 MT (Rajasthan
was the major consumer with 1268 MT in 2021-22)
 An Expert Committee was constituted by Department of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare
(DA&FW) to review 66 pesticides which are banned/restricted in other countries but continued
to be registered for use in India - Dr. Anupam Verma (former National Professor), IARI, New
Delhi.
 Pesticides banned by Tamil Nadu government for a period of 60 days, in a move to reduce
access to means of suicide is- Monocrotophos, Profenophos, Acephate, Profenofos+
Cypermethrin, Chlorpyrifos + Cypermethrin and Chlorpyrifos
(Source: http://ppqs.gov.in/statistical-database)
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Public Distribution System (PDS):
 Central government has decided to distribute millets such as “Jowar and Bajra
through Public distribution system to improve nutrition security of the poor.
 Total number of Beneficiaries in India under PDS system are- 81 crore
 Major commodities distributed in PDS system are- Rice (Rs.3/kg), Wheat (Rs.2/Kg) &
coarse cereals (Rs.1/kg)
 The Revamped Public Distribution System (RPDS) was launched in- 1992
 The Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS) was introduced with effect from- June
1997
 The buffer stock maintained/Procurement made by FCI in the crop year 2020-21 is- 82 million
metric tonnes (MMT) (Rice-55.8 MMT; Wheat- 26.2 MMT)
Note: Normal buffer stock capacity of FCI is- 41.12 mmt
 The total storage capacity available with Food Corporation of India (FCI) and the State
Agencies (both owned and hired capacity) is- 819.19 LMT (Lakh Metric Tonnes)
 Nodal Agency that deals in Procurement, Processing, Distribution, export & import of
selected agricultural commodities- NAFED (Oct, 1958)
 Nodal agency for undertaking price support operations for pulses & oilseeds and market
intervention operation for other agricultural commodities is- NAFED
 Open Market Sale Scheme (OMSS): Food Corporation of India (FCI) sells surplus stocks
of wheat and rice under OMSS at pre-determined prices (prices are already fixed in
advance) through e-auction to flour mills, private traders, bulk buyers, manufacturers of
wheat products in the open market from time to time to enhance the supply of food grains
during the lean season and thereby moderate the open market prices specially in the deficit
regions.
Indian Food Processing Sector at a glance:

 Total number of Mega Food Parks in India- 42
 Cold storage capacity of Mega food parks- 32 Mt
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 Minimum Land required for setting up a Mega Food Park is- 50 acres
 The Food Processing Industry contribution to Agricultural sector is - 9%
 The Food Processing Industry contribution to Manufacturing sector is - 10%
 Post-harvest losses in cereals and Pulses accounts for- 4-6 per cent
 Post-harvest losses in vegetables accounts for- 7-12 per cent
 Post-harvest losses in fruits accounts for- 6-18 per cent
 Wastage of food item from farm to fork/consumer- 25%
Genetically Modified crops/Transgenic crops/Biotech crops:

 * Government during 147th meeting of Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC)
on 18 October, 2022 approved environmental release of GM Mustard for its seed production
and testing is- Dhara Mustard Hybrid (DMH)-11.
 GEAC approval makes GM mustard only the second approved transgenic crop in India
after Bt cotton and the first such food crop that can be commercially cultivated by
farmers.
 DMH-11 is indigenously developed Herbicide Tolerant (HT) mustard.
 DMH-11 is a result of a cross between Indian mustard variety ‘Varuna’ and East European
‘Early Heera-2’ mustard.
 DMH contains two alien genes (‘barnase’ and ‘barstar’) isolated from a soil
bacterium called- Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.
 DMH-11 developed by the- Centre for Genetic Manipulation of Crop Plants (CGMCP) at
Delhi University.
 Barnase in Varuna induces a temporary sterility.
 Barstar in Heera blocks the effect of barnase allowing seeds to be produced.
 Area under transgenic plants in India (2022-23 )- 13.05 Million Hectares (Mha)
 India’s rank in Cultivation of GM crops- 4th
 Bt-Cotton is the only GM crop Cultivated in India with an area of- 13.05 Million Hectares
 *Central Government recently approved field trials of Indigenous Bt Brinjal Varieties-
Janak and BSS-793 (Developed by IARI contains Bt Cry1Fa1 gene) (IMP)
 Which state government recently issued a no-objection certificate (NOC) to conduct field
trials on Mahyco BG-2 RRF (herbicide tolerant Bt cotton)- Haryana
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 Agricultural Exports and Imports:
 India’s total agricultural exports during 2022-23 stood at- USD 53.15 billion
 India’s total agricultural imports during 2022-23 stood at- USD 35.69 billion
 The agricultural trade surplus during 2022-23 is- USD 17.46 billion
 *India’s largest exported agricultural commodity in terms of its value- Marine products
(8.08 billion$) > Non-basmati rice (6.355 billion$) > Sugar (5.7 billion$)> basmati rice
(4.78 billion$)
 Highest exported :Cereals (basmati rice &Non basmati rice) >Marine Products>Sugar >
Spices > Buffalo 
 Highest imported: Vegetable oils (20 billion$) > Fresh fruits (2.48 billion$) > Pulses (1.94
billion$) > Cashew (1.8 billion$)> Spices (1.3 billion$)
Fig: India Agri Exports-Imports
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Fig: India Agri Exports-Imports
Organic Farming Scenario:
 Total area under the organic certification in India was- 5.9 million ha (3.6 million ha
cultivable area and another 2.3 million hectare for wild harvest collection).
 Total certified organic production in India- 3.5 million metric tonnes (MMT)
 Total number of organic producers in India- 2.64 million
 The state with largest area under organic certification is- Madhya Pradesh > Rajasthan>
Maharashtra
 India’s First organic state- Sikkim (Declared on Jan 18, 2016); Second organic state-
Uttarakhand
 The country with largest area under organic farming- Australia (35.7 Mha) > Argentina
(4.5 Mha)
 The country with highest number of organic producers in the world - India (More than
30 per cent of world’s organic producers are in India)
 India’s rank in terms of organically cultivated area is- 4th; first rank in terms of Organic
Producers.
 Largest produced organic commodities was- Oil seeds (85 lakh tonnes)> Fibre (81 lakh
tonnes) > Sugar (79 lakh tonnes)
 ICAR organic farming research focus on- Rice, Wheat, Cotton (Desi), Maize, Soyabean
and Chick pea
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 *Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) practicing states are- Six states (Andhra
Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Karnataka, Gujarat and Kerala).
 ZBNF: Method of chemical free agriculture drawing from traditional Indian practices
 Components of ZBNF:
1. Jeevamrutha (mixture of fresh desi cow dung + aged desi cow urine + jaggery + pulse
flour + water +soil).
2. Bijamrita (similar components as Jeevamrutha
3. Acchadana (mulching)
4. Whapasa (a condition where there is a presence of both air molecules and water
molecules in the soil. Whapasa helps in reducing irrigation requirements).
5. Plant protection: (Concoction of neem leaves, pulp)
 The first state in India to introduce an organic agriculture act/policy is- Uttarakhand
Organic farming and Policies and Programmes in India
Ministry of Commerce and Industry
National Programme for Organic Production (NPOP) certification by APEDA 2001.
(70% of India’s organic area under NPOP certification).
Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare
I. National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA): 2014-15
a) Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) 2015- Participatory Guarantee System of
Certification for India (PGS). 21.5% of India’s organic area under PGS.
b) Mission Organic Value Chain Development for North East Region (MOVCDNER) -
2015. Organic certification in NE States.
Related Institutions and Schemes:
NCOF, National Project on Organic Farming (NPOF).
 Assistance provided per ha under MOVCDNER & PKVY are- Rs. 11,800/ha for 3yrs.
II. Organic Farming Policy-2015
III. RKVY, Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH)
IV. *Participatory Guarantee System of Certification for India (PGS-India) - 2015-16.
Bharatiya Prakritik Krishi Padhati (BPKP): 2020-21

 A Sub-scheme of Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) for promotion of
indigenous practices including natural farming.
 Under BPKP a financial assistance of Rs. 12200/ha for 3years will be provided for
cluster formation, capacity building, certification & residual analysis.
 *Area covered under natural farming in BPKP is highest in- Andhra Pradesh (1 lakh ha)
> Madhya Pradesh (0.99 lakh ha) > Chhattisgarh (0.85 lakh ha) > Kerala (0.84 lakh ha)
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Important Snippets:
 An Anti-Methanogenic feed supplement developed by ICAR-NIANP from tanniferous natural
phyto sources to mitigate the methane emission from livestock- Harit Dhara
 India rank in world’s startup ecosystem- 3rd (1st- USA; 2nd- China)
 World's largest producer and consumer of sugar and second largest exporter- India
Note: In sugar season (October-September) 2021-22, a record over 5,000 lakh metric tons (LMT)
sugarcane was produced in the country, out of which about 3,574 LMT was crushed by sugar
mills to produce about 394 LMT of sugar (sucrose). Out of this, 35 LMT sugar was diverted to
ethanol production.
 India has more than- 84,000 startups and 107 unicorns.
Note: Unicorn is a business term used to define a startup with a valuation of over $1 Billion.
 India rank in Human Development Index- 2022 is- 132 (given by United Nations Development
Programme (UNDP). Parameters include: Life expectancy at birth, expected years of schooling,
mean years of schooling, gross national income.
 *Portal and mobile app launched by Union ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare for seed
traceability, authentication and inventory designed to deal with the challenges of seed production
is- SATHI (Seed Traceability, Authentication and Holistic Inventory) on 22April, 2023.
 App launched by Ministry of Rural Development and Panchayat raj for measuring the water
level/capture ground water in a Gram Panchayat through 2-3 selected open wells twice a year
(pre-monsoon and post monsoon)- Jal doot
 The programme Uttar Pradesh government to achieve the goal of doubling farmers income
through the introduction of cost effective technical measures and the promotion of the co-
cropping method in sugar cane - Panchamrut Yojana (1. Integrated trench method for sowing 2.
Ratoon management 3. Trash mulching, 4. Drip irrigation and 5. Co-cropping.)
 India’s First Forest University to be Established in- Telangana (it will be the third University
of Forestry (UoF) after Russia & China.)
Note: The University will work to develop agro forestry models suitable for various agro
ecological conditions.
 India’s first carbon neutral farm inaugurated at- Aluva, Kerala
 Social networking platform integrated with the Platform of Platforms (PoPs) portal by e-NAM to
provide advisory services to farmers- Krishify
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 Winner of the 2023 World Food Prize- Heidi Kuhn of USA
Note: Heidi Kuhn won Food prize for her farmer-focused development model that revitalizes
farmland, food security, livelihoods and resilience after devastating conflict.
 Winner of the 2022 World Food Prize- Cynthia Rosenzweig
 New initiative launched by ministry of agriculture under the ambit of “Pradhan Mantri Fasal
Bima Yojana” for claim disbursal through National Crop Insurance Portal- DigiClaim
 The program launched by Flipkart to provide farming communities and Farmer Producer
Organizations (FPOs) with national market access and more negotiation power- Flipkart
Samarth Krishi
 Farm mechanization level in India is- 40-45%
 National average of farm power availability is- 2.02 kW/ha there is a need to increase it to 4.0
kW/ha by 2030. (Highest use of mechanical power is in the Punjab with 3.5 Kw/ha)
 Union Agriculture Minister inaugurated the first Greenfield farm machinery plant of Mahindra &
Mahindra at- Pithampur in Madhya Pradesh
Note: A significant reduction in carbon emission has helped the seed farm, achieve the carbon
neutral status.
 The Himalayan Yak has been approved as a ‘food animal ‘by the Food Safety and Standard
Authority of India (FSSAI).
 Target set by GoI to eliminate Sickle Cell Anaemia- 2047
 India’s first online agricultural credit facilitation portal “SAFAL (Simplified Application for
Agricultural Loans)” to increase farmers” access to loans launched by- Odisha
 Koronivia Joint Work on Agriculture (KJWA): India has opposed KJWA, which sought to
minimize GHG emissions from the agriculture sector. India opposed it saying emissions from
the agricultural sectors are not “luxury” emissions but “survival emissions” of the poor. KJWA is
a landmark decision under UNFCCC that works to reduce GHGs emissions from the
Agriculture sector. India is the third-largest carbon emitter in the world although our per capita
carbon emissions are low.
 The ‘Agriculture Investment Portal’ launched by GOI to boost the agriculture investment in the
country is- “Krishi Nivesh” on 5th Dec, 2022.
Note: Krishi Nivesh Portal is being developed as an Integrated, centralized one stop Portal for all
Agri- investors to avail benefits from various Government schemes.
Page 27
 The country‘s first insurance program named “Resham Keet Bima” to safeguard its
sericulturist- Uttarakhand (insurance program protected them from the effects of climate
change, water scarcity and other dangers).
 REWARD Program: Feb, 2022.
 One of the largest water management programs around the world launched by Department of
Land Resources, Ministry of Rural Development in association with the World Bank on
Feb,2022- REWARD Program (Rejuvenating Watersheds for Agricultural Resilience
through Innovative Development).
 Objective of REWARD: to help national and state governments adopt improved watershed
management practices to help farmers become more resilient to climate change, improve
incomes, and promote higher productivity.
 Funding by: World Bank (115 million $)
 Operational in: Odisha & Karnataka states for 6 years.
Schemes launched during Sep 2022- June 2023

1. Pradan Mantri Kisan Samruddhi Kendras (PMKSK): 17th OCT, 2022
 Launched by: Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers
 Objective: to cater to the needs of the farmers in the country and provide agri-inputs
(fertilizers, seeds, implements) including testing facilities for soil, seeds and fertilizers.
 To provide information regarding various government schemes and ensure regular capacity
building of retailers at block/district level outlets.
 Total number of retail fertilizer shops are planned to be converted into PMKSK by
government is- 3.3 lakh retail fertilizer shops
2. Pradhan Mantri Bharatiya Jan Urvarak Pariyojana: One Nation One Fertilizer: 17 Oct
2022
 Under this scheme fertilizer companies has to market fertilizers like Urea, DAP under
the single brand name ‘Bharat” Bharat Urea (Urea), Bharat DAP (DAP).
 Irrespective of the company that manufactures it, whether in the public or private sector, all fertilizer
bags, whether containing urea, Di-ammonium phosphate (DAP), Murate of Potash (MOP), or NPK,
will sport the brand name- BHARAT UREA, “BHARAT DAP, BHARAT MOP, BHARAT NPK
Page 28
3. Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Ann Yojana (PMGKAY): 1 st Jan, 2023
 New integrated food security scheme for providing free food grains (zero price) to
Antodaya Ann Yojna (AAY) & Primary Household (PHH) beneficiaries.
 Benefitting more than 80 crore poor and poorest of poor people.
 The integrated scheme will strengthen the provisions of NFSA, 2013 in terms of
accessibility, affordability and availability of food grains for the poor.
4. PM Programme for Restoration, Awareness, Nourishment and Amelioration of Mother
Earth (PM PRANAM):
 To incentivize States and Union Territories to promote alternative fertilizers and balanced
use of chemical fertilizers.
For more information on schemes/programs launched during 2014-2022 go through:

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371811136_General_Agriculture_Data_2022
Other schemes:
PM-POSHAN (Pradhan Mantri Poshan Shakti Nirman) Scheme: September 2021
 Implemented by: Ministry of education

 For providing one hot cooked meal in Government and Government- aided Schools from
2021-22 to 2025-26.
 Provision of hot cooked meal to children in primary schools and upper primary ( I to VIII
classes)
 Main objective: to address two of the pressing problems for majority of children in India,
viz. hunger and education by improving the nutritional status of eligible children.
 PM Poshan earlier known as- ‘Mid-Day Meal Scheme’.
 Aroma Mission: 2016
 The Purple or Lavender Revolution was launched by the Union Ministry of Science &
Technology through the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research's (CSIR) Aroma Mission.
 Aim: to increase lavender cultivation in Jammu and Kashmir.
 Focus: to take advantage of geographical conditions & increase home grown market.
 Gramin Krishi Mausam Sewa (GKMS) scheme: 2015

 India Meteorological Department (IMD) runs an operational Agrometeorological Advisory
Page 29
Services (AAS) viz., for the benefit of farming community in the country.
 Under the scheme, medium range weather forecasts at district and block level is generated
and based on these forecasts, 130 Agromet Field Units (AMFUs) prepare Agrometeorological
Advisories on every Tuesday and Friday for the districts under their jurisdiction.
 Digital Agriculture Mission: 2021-2025

Aim: to encourage and accelerate projects based on emerging technologies such as Artificial
Intelligence (AI), block chain, remote sensing, geographic information systems, and the use of
drone and robotics. These digital technologies are finding increasing use in the agricultural value
system and farmers are increasingly becoming more informed as various measures are taken to
provide ready access to technology and market information.
Key Points of ECONOMIC SUVEY IN RELATION TO AGRICULURE &

ALLIED SECTORs 2022-23
Climate Change and Environment:

 India’s updated Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) to UNFCCC:
 Target year set by India to reduce their net emission to zero is- 2070
 To reduce the Emissions Intensity of its GDP by 45 per cent by 2030, from the 2005 level
 Target year set by GOI to achieve 50 per cent cumulative electric power installed capacity
from non-fossil fuel-based energy resources is- 2030
 Target of additional carbon sink through additional forest and tree cover by 2030 is-2.5 to 3
billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent
 Eight National Missions of the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC):
A. National Solar Mission: Installed Solar power capacity of 61.62 GW installed by
October 2022
B. National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency: for energy saving target of 6.63
Million Tonnes of Oil Equivalent (MTOE)
C. National Mission on Sustainable Habitat: for creating public infrastructure
D. National Mission for a Green India: for Afforestation
E. National Water Mission: Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch The Rai
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F. National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change: Created and
strengthened 12 Centers of Excellence for climate change
G. National Mission for Sustaining Himalayan Ecosystems: Inter-University
Consortium, R&D
H. National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture: organic farming & Micro irrigation
 Share of non-fossil sources in total installed electricity capacity is estimated to be about- 40.4
per cent
 Carbon stock in forests in India has been- 7204 million tonnes (Jammu & Kashmir is
contributing maximum per-hectare carbon stock of 173.41 tonnes)
 Mangrove cover in India is- 4992sq. km.
 Mass movement launched by PM to combating climate change- ‘LIFE’–‘Lifestyle for
Environment’
 The share of agriculture and allied sectors in Gross Value Added (GVA) of the country at
current prices for the year 2022-23 is- 18.3 Per cent (INR 19.48 lakh crore)
 Growth rate of GVA of Agriculture and Allied sectors at basic prices in 2022-23 is- 4.0%
Year Share of GVA of agriculture and Growth of GVA of agriculture and
allied sectors in total economy (%) allied Sectors (%) (at 2011-12 prices)
at current prices
2020-21 20.3 4.1
2021-22 19.0 3.5
2022-23 18.3 4.0
(Source: PIB, 2023 and Agri GOI)
 India’s Electricity Consumption in Agriculture (Annual) is- 215 GW
 Electricity generated from renewables during the year 2022 is- 17.2 lakh GWh
 Private investment in agriculture- 9.3%
 Institutional Credit to the Agricultural Sector during 2021-22 stood at- 18.6 lakh crore
 Free food grains will be distributed to about 81.4 crore beneficiaries under the- National
Food Security Act for one year from January 1, 2023.
 Share of Crops, Forestry & Fishing in Agriculture GVO
Items Share in GVO (2020-21)
Crops 55.06 (Rs.14.19 lakh crores)
Livestock 30.13 (Rs.7.98 lakh crores)
Forestry and Logging 8.09 (Rs.1.65 lakh crore)
Fishing and Aquaculture 6.72 (Rs.1.37 lakh crore)
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Note: Gross Value Added is simply gross domestic product minus taxes, the widest measure
of income growth in an economy.
 Gross Capital Formation (GCF) in the agriculture and allied sector as a Relative to
Agriculture Gross Value Added (AgGVA) at 2011 -12 Basic Prices is- 15.94%
 Procurement of Rice by FCI during 2021-22 was- 581.7 lakh metric tons (LMT) of Rice
and wheat was- 433.4 LMT
 Procurement of Rice by FCI during 2022-23 was- 355 LMT of rice; 188 LMT of wheat (as
of Dec, 2022).
Agriculture & Food Management Highlights of the Union Budget 2023-24

 *Seven priorities of union budget 2023-24---- describing them as a framework for the
government by FM was- “Saptarishi” (1. Inclusive development 2. Reaching the last mile 3.
Infrastructure and investment 4. Unleashing the potential 5. Green growth 6. Youth
power 7. Financial sector)
 The four focus areas/four opportunities identified by GOI to transform country in

journey during Amrit Kaal (India @100) is:
1. Economic Empowerment of Women: formation of large producer women enterprises or

collectives.
2. PM VIshwakarma KAushal Samman (PM VIKAS): to empower traditional artisans
and craftspeople by integrating them with the MSME value chain, financial support, access
to latest technology.
3. Tourism: Promotion of tourism will be taken up on mission mode, with active participation
of states, convergence of government programmes and public-private partnerships.
4. Green growth: promotes green fuel, green energy, green farming, green mobility, green
buildings, and green equipment to reduce carbon intensity of the economy and provides for
green job opportunities.
 The fund announced by central government to encourage agri-startups by young entrepreneurs
in rural areas is- Agriculture Accelerator Fund
 Agricultural credit targeted at animal husbandry, dairy and fisheries sector during 2023-24 is-
Rs.20 Lakh crore
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 ----- will be built as an open source, open standard and inter operable public good to
enable inclusive farmer centric solutions through relevant information services and
improved access to farm inputs and support for growth of agri-tech industry and start-ups-
Digital Public Infrastructure for Agriculture
 To enhance the productivity of extra-long staple cotton through- Cluster-based and value
chain approach through Public Private Partnerships (PPP)
 To program launched to boost availability of disease-free, quality planting material for high
value horticultural crops- Atmanirbhar Horticulture Clean Plant Program
 Under Atmanirbhar Clean Plant Programme GoI plans to establish- 10 Clean Plant Centers to
promote domestic production of crops like apples, almonds, grapes, avocados and
blueberries, which have seen an increase in demand for imported planting materials.
 To make India a global hub for millets, and for popularizing Millets, whose consumption
furthers nutrition, food security and welfare of farmers, millets have been designated as-
‘Shree anna’
 The research institute that will be supported as the ‘Centre of Excellence’ for sharing best
practices, research and technologies at the international level in millets is- Indian Institute of
Millet Research, Hyderabad.
New schemes launched in Budget 2023-24

Bio-Input Resource Centers  10,000 Bio-Input Resource Centers will be set-up, creating
a national-level distributed micro-fertilizer and pesticide
manufacturing network.
 To facilitate 1 crore farmers to adopt natural farming.
MISHTI (Mangrove Initiative To taken up for mangrove plantation along the coastline and
for Shoreline Habitats & on salt pan lands, wherever feasible, through convergence
Tangible Incomes) between MGNREGS, CAMPA Fund and other sources.
Amrit Dharohar To encourage optimal use of wetlands, and enhance bio-
(2023-24 to 2025-26) diversity, carbon stock, eco-tourism opportunities and income
generation for local communities.
*PM Programme for Restoration, To incentivize States and Union Territories to promote
Awareness, Nourishment and alternative fertilizers and balanced use of chemical fertilizers
Amelioration of Mother Earth
(PM PRANAM)
GOBARdhan (Galvanizing 500 new ‘waste to wealth’ plants (200 compressed biogas
Organic Bio-Agro Resources (CBG) plants & 300 community or cluster-based plants) to
Dhan) scheme promote circular economy. (Rs.10,000 cr)
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Atmanirbhar Clean Plant To boost availability of disease-free, quality planting
Program material for high value horticultural crops.
New sub-scheme of PM Matsya To further enable activities of fishermen, fish vendors, and
Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) micro & small enterprises, improve value chain efficiencies,
and expand the market.
Rs.6,000 cr
Ministry of Cooperation:
 The model promoted by government to empower small & marginal farmers and other
marginalized sections- Cooperative-based economic development model
 Computerization of 63,000 Primary Agricultural Credit Societies (PACS) with an
investment of Rs. 2,516 crore.
 Mandate of new cooperation ministry- ‘Sahakar Se Samriddhi’.
 National cooperative database is being developed for- Country-wide mapping of
cooperative societies
 Total number of registered cooperatives in the country is- 8.54 lakh cooperatives (with
>29 cr members).
 Cooperative societies operational in the agricultural sector- 1,00,428 with maximum under
Maharashtra (20,788).
 New co-operatives that commence manufacturing activities till 31.3.2024 shall get the benefit
of a lower tax rate of 15 per cent
 Higher limit for member of PACS/ PCARDBs for cash deposits to and loans in cash is- Rs.2
lakhs
 The Union Cabinet has given its approval for the establishment of the "world's largest grain
storage plan” in the cooperative sector with an outlay of around Rs.1 lakh crore by
introducing modern storage facilities and embracing cooperative principle. The initiative aims
to curb crop damages, prevent distress sales by farmers and bolster the country’s food
security.
Page 34
*National Cooperative Organic Limited (NCOL)
 Authorized share capital: Rs.500 cr

 Initial paid-up share capital: Rs.100 cr (equally shared by NDDB, NCCF, NCDC,
GCMMF & NAFED)
 Headquarter: Anand, Gujarat
 Ministry of cooperation has established NCOL on 17 Jan, 2023.
 Chief Promoter: NDDB
 Promoters: NCDC, NCCF, NAFED, GCMMF
 Objective: to help India realize its potential to become a global leader in organic
products.
 Aim: to propel India’s share (currently less than 3 per cent) in the global organic market
estimated at Rs.10 lakh crore.
Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs):

 Govt. of India launched ‘Formation and promotion of FPOs’ under which by 2027-28, about
10,000 new FPOs are to be created. (Major role has to be played by NABARD)
(U.P. has highest no. of FPOs registered under Formation and Promotion of FPOs.)
 FPOs are formed on the Model: Sustainable business model and Augmented Income
 Most appropriate institutions to mobilize small and marginal farmers and build their
capacity to collectively leverage their production and marketing is- FPO
 The concept of producer companies introduced in the year- 2002
 Nodal Agency for growth and Promotion of FPOs is- Department of Agriculture and
Cooperation (DAC)
 Single window for providing technical and all round support to FPOs is - SFAC (Small
Farmers Agribusiness Consortium a society under DAC.
 Total number of FPOs in India- 5000 (out of this 910 affiliated to SFAC, 3000 affiliated to
NABARD & remaining created and run by Private firms).
 Highest number of FPOs registered in- Maharashtra (1940) followed by U.P (750) Tamil
Nadu (528), M.P (458).
 Total number of SHGs is- 6.6 million (Source: NRLM)
 Fund created by NABARD to promote new FPOs and support their initial financial
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requirements, to make them credit worthy, commercially vibrant and sustainable
business enterprise of farmers- ‘Producers Organization Development and Upliftment
Corpus’ (PRODUCE) Fund (2014-15)
 Fund created by NABARD to support FPOs for credit facilitation, capacity building and
market linkage support-Producers Organization Development Fund (PODF) (2014-15)
Fig: Government Schemes related to financial support to the FPO
Ministry of Jal Shakti: Formed in May, 2019

 This was formed by merging of two ministries: Ministry of Water Resources, River
Development and Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation
 Ministry of Jal Shakti has launched the 1st Census of Water Bodies in convergence with the 6th
Minor Irrigation (MI) Census under the Centrally Sponsored Scheme “Irrigation Census
Report of India’s first water bodies census

 Total number of water bodies enumerated in the country according first census of water
bodies is- 24,24,540 water bodies
 As per the first census of water bodies, what percent o water bodies are in rural areas- 97.1
% (23,55,055) in rural areas and only 2.9% (69,485) are in urban areas.
 State with highest number of ponds & reservoirs are in- West Bengal
 State with highest number of tanks is- Andhra Pradesh
 State with highest number of lakes is- Tamil Nadu
 The leading state for water conservation scheme is- Maharashtra
 Major type of water body is- Ponds (59.5%) i.e., 14, 42,993 of water bodies are ponds,
Page 36
followed by tanks (15.7%, i.e. 3, 81,805), reservoirs (12.1%, i.e. 2, 92,280), Water
conservation schemes/percolation tanks/check dams (9.3%, i.e. 2, 26,217), lakes (0.9%,
i.e. 22,361) and others (2.5%, i.e. 58,884).
Fig: First Census of Water Bodies
ICAR NEWS
 *Climate-smart wheat variety developed by ICAR amenable to early sowing and
escaping the impact of temperature spikes/heat waves in March- HD 3385
 Climate smart wheat varieties developed by ICAR by incorporating genes that are
responsible for the mild vernalisation requirement preventing premature flowering and early
heading- HDCSW-18, HD-3410 & HD-3385
 The first rice variety in the country developed by IIRR, Hyderabad that required at least
30% lower phosphorus/with low phosphorous tolerance - DRR Dhan 60
 New genetically stronger wheat variety developed by PAU which has better heat tolerance
and more yield compared to other existing varieties is- PBW 826
 ICAR-NAHEP and crop science division launched Kritagya 3.0 - to promote speed
breeding for crop improvement
 India’s First Marwari horse foal produced through Embryo transfer technology developed
by ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Bikaner (Rajasthan)- Raj-Prathama
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 ICAR has signed a MoU with Amazon Kisan for guiding the farmers on scientific
cultivation of different crops for optimum yield and income. ICAR will provide
technological backstopping to the farmers through Amazon's network.
 Total number of KVKs at present is- 732 (as of June, 2023)
 KVKs are under the administration control of- DDG of Agricultural extension
 Present DDG of Agricultural Extension- Dr. Udham Singh Gautam
 For effective functioning and monitoring of KVKs, KVKs are divided into- 11 ATARI
Zones
 Acronym of ATARI - Agricultural Technology Application Research Institutes
(ATARIs formerly called as Zonal Project Directorates)
 Applied research done by- KVKs; Basic research by- ICAR Research Institutes; KVKs
work starts from Technology testing onwards.
 Highest number of KVKs are in- Zone III, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh with 89 KVKs
 Lowest number of KVKs are in- Zone VII, Barapani with 43 KVKs.
 KVKs 100% fully funded by- ICAR
 Nutri-Gardens & Poshan Thali were pilot tested in KVKs of- Madhya Pradesh and
Chhattisgarh
 Total number of On-farm trials and FLDs conducted by KVKs during 2022-23 is- 47,088 &
2,98,932
 New millet initiative launched by India during G-20 MACS is- Millets And Other
Ancient Grains International Research Initiative (MAHARISHI)
 India’s first cloned Gir calf produced by ICAR-NDRI, Karnal has been named as- Ganga
Note: Ganga produced by ‘Oocyte was taken from the Sahiwal breed, a somatic cell from the Gir
breed and a surrogate animal was a cross-breed.
 Two new fish species discovered by ICAR were: Catfish (Pangasius Icaria) & Congrid
eel (Ariosoma melanospilos)
 Artificial Intelligence (AI) based android mobile application developed by ICAR-IASRI that
can automatically identify plant diseases with visible symptoms- Artificial Intelligence-
based Disease Identification System for Crops.
 ‘Multiple stress tolerant’ rice developed by ICAR-IIRR, Hyderabad- Swarna Unnat Dhan
 ‘Salt tolerant rice’ developed by ICAR-CSSRI, Karnal is- CSR 76
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 Salt tolerant mustard varieties: CS 61 & CS 62
 Bacterial blight and blast diseases resistant rice varieties developed by ICAR-IARI- Pusa
Basmati 1847, Pusa Basmati 1885 and Pusa Basmati 1886.
Recently released varieties of ICAR:
Crop Variety Characteristic
DDW 55 (Karan Biofortified durum wheat variety from IIWBR, Karnal
Manjari)
HD 3385 Climate-smart variety, amenable to early sowing and escaping the
impact of temperature spikes in March.
DBW 316 (Karan New high yielding bread wheat variety released for cultivation under
prema) late sown conditions in NEPZ which covers Eastern U.P., Bihar,
Jharkhand, Orissa, West bengal, Assam and plains of NE states.
Karan Varuna Recommended for cultivation under irrigated early sown conditions of
(DBW 372) NWPZ Covering states of Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Rajasthan, J&K,
Wheat Rajasthan, H.P. and Uttaranchal.
Karan Vaidehi Recommended for cultivation under irrigated early sown conditions of
Rajasthan, H.P. and Uttaranchal.
Best chapatti quality score, high protein content & high biscuit spread
factor.
Karan vrinda Recommended for cultivation under irrigated early sown conditions of
Rajasthan, H.P. and Uttaranchal.
Taro Sree Hira New elite variety of taro (colocasia esculenta) suitable for rainfed
upland & irrigated medium and lowland conditions of Odisha.
Rose Arka Neelachal Early maturing, high yielding variety of rose apple was developed at
apple Akshay ICAR-Central Horticultural Experimental station, Bhubaneswar.
Bengal Pusa JG -16 Climate smart drought hardy chick pea variety.
gram
Thar Acid lime A new bunch bearing variety of acid lime
Vaibhav
Water Kashi manu Upland leafy vegetable
spinach
Okra Kashi Chaman Tolerant to Yellow Vain Mosaic Virus (YVMV) & Okra Enation Leaf
Curl Virus (OELCV),rich in many nutrients and particularly high in
vitamin C and K. Chaman is rich source of antioxidants which reduce
risk of serious diseases
 Super seeder: ICAR demonstrated super seeder (Super Seeder is a combination of Rotary
Tiller & Seed Planter with press wheels) under crop residue management in Punjab. It is one of
the most advanced technologies to curb stubble burning. It helps farmers to sow wheat without
wasting the paddy crop residue left in the field. Hence, it enables farmers to sow wheat
Page 39
simultaneously while harvesting paddy thus making their work efficient and time-sav
 Indigenously developed Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) vaccine developed by National Centre for
Veterinary Type Culture, ICAR-NRCE, Hisar (Haryana), in collaboration with ICAR-Indian
Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar (UP) is- Lumpi-ProVacInd
Note: Lumpi-ProVacind is used for the prophylactic immunization of animals against Lumpy
Skin Disease, which illicit protection for about one year.
 Total registered animal breeds in the country is- 212
 India’s first COVID-19 (SARS CoV2) vaccine for animals developed by ICAR-National
Research Centre on Equines (NRCE), Hisar is- Anocovax
 The country elected as Vice-chair in the 12th Session of the Intergovernmental Technical
Working Group (ITWG) on Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (Working
Group) held at Rome during 18-20 Jan, 2023 is- India
 Recent G20 Agriculture ministerial meeting held at- June 15-17, 2023 @ Hyderabad,
India.
 1st Agriculture deputies meeting involving Rome based institutions, CGIAR centers & RIS at
- Indore, 13-15 Feb, 2023.
 The second Agricultural Deputies Meeting of the G-20 Agricultural Working Group (AWG)
were held from- 29th to 31st March 2023 at Chandigarh.
 Agriculture Working Group (AWG): was established in the year 2011, sixth meeting of
G20 during Cannes Summit, France. Outcome of first AWG summit was special launch of
Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS) by FAO in 2011.
(AMIS: is an inter-agency platform to enhance food market transparency and policy response
for food security)
Aim of AWG: Prioritize the establishment of a rapid response forum for the agriculture market
information system, as well as determining the capacity building requirements for the
agriculture sector.
 12th Meeting of Agricultural Chief Scientists (MACS)’ is organized at- Varanasi on 17-19
April, 2023 (100th meeting of G20 working group)
Note: DARE-ICAR is the nodal department for G-20 MACS
 The first meeting of MACS was held in- Mexico in 2012.
 MACS: is an initiative of the G-20 Agricultural Ministers to coordinate and strengthen
Page 40
cooperation among agricultural research systems for common solutions against global issues
of food security, nutrition, climate change & agro biodiversity.
About Meeting of Agricultural Chief Scientists (MACS):

 The members of the MACS include ministries or governmental bodies responsible for
agricultural research in the respective G20 states as well as leading research institutions which
strategically advise these decision-makers.
 Since its inception in 2012, MACS has played an instrumental role in promoting science based
agricultural cooperation among G-20 members.
 The theme of the 2023 meeting: Sustainable Agriculture and Food Systems for Healthy
People and Planet.
 Four priority areas of MACS 2023:
I. Food Security and Nutrition - the role of Frontiers in Science and Technology.
II. Building resilience and sustainable agriculture through approaches of climate resilient
agriculture and One Health.
III. Digitalization for Agricultural Transformation.
IV. Public-Private Partnerships for Research and Development
Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR) Umbrella covers

Research Institutes 72
National Bureaus 06
All-India Coordinated Research Projects + Network 82
Research Projects.
State Agriculture Universities 66
Deemed Universities 04
Central Agricultural Universities 03
Central University with Agriculture Faculty 04
National Research centers 12
ATARIs (Agricultural Technology Application 11
Research Institutes)/KVK Zones
Project Directorates 12
**Krishi Vigyan Kendra’s 732
(Source: DARE Annual Report 2022-23).
India’s G20 Presidency

 G20 founded on- 26 September, 1999.
 The Group of Twenty (G20) is an intergovernmental forum comprising 19 countries &
European Union - Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany,
India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South
Africa, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States and the European Union.
Page 41
 India assumed the presidency of the G20 forum, taking over from Indonesia. India holds
the Presidency of the G20 from December 1, 2022 to November 30, 2023.
 18th G20 summit to be held in- Sep 9-Sep 10, 2023 at New Delhi (It is the first ever G20
summit to be hosted in India and also in South Asia).
 18th G20 summit will be chaired by- Prime Minister of India
 17th G20 summit held at- Nov15-16, 2022, Bali, Indonesia
 India's G20 Priorities are:
 Green Development, Climate Finance & LiFE
 Accelerated, Inclusive & Resilient Growth
 Accelerating progress on SDGs
 Technological Transformation & Digital Public Infrastructure
 Multilateral Institutions for the 21st century
 Women-led developments
 India’s G20 theme: 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam' or 'One Earth. One Family. One Future
 LiFE (Lifestyle for Environment): A behaviour-based movement that draws from our
nation's rich, ancient sustainable traditions to nudge consumers, and in-turn markets, to adopt
environmentally-conscious practices.
Chairman’s/Heads/Presidents of different Institutes

Institute Year of Chairman Headquarter
establishment /Head/president
President- Narendra Singh
 ICAR th
16 July,1929 Tomar
DG- Dr. Himanshu Pathak New Delhi
Chairperson- Narendra Modi
1 Jan, 2015 Vice Chairperson-Suman Bery
 **NITI Ayog CEO- B.V.R. Subrahmanyam New Delhi
 Doubling of 2016 Ashok Dalwai New Delhi
Farmer Income
 NABARD th
12 July, 1982 Shaji K V Mumbai
 Asia Pacific Rural Oct, 1974 Chairman- Shaji KV Bangkok,
& Agricultural Secretary General- Thailand
Credit Association Dr. Prasan Kumar Das
(APRACA)
 Agriculture Skill 2015 Sanjeev Asthana Gurugram,
Council of India Haryana
Page 42
(ASCI)
 FCI 1965 Ashok Kumar Meena New Delhi

 APEDA 1986 Dr. M. Angamuthu New Delhi
 PMFBY 2016 CEO- Ritesh Chauhan New Delhi
 ***CACP 1965 Vijay Paul Sharma New Delhi
 United Nations 1945, Antonio Guterres Newyork
 ICRISAT 1972 Dr. Jacqueline Hughes Hyderabad
 PPV&FR *2001 Dr. Trilochan Mohapatra New Delhi
 MANAGE **1986 Dr.P.Chandra Shekara Hyderabad
 FAO Oct 24, 1945 Qu Dongyu Rome, Italy
 *NAFED **Oct 2, 1958 Chairman- Bijender Singh New Delhi
MD- Rajbir Singh Panwar
 FSSAI 2011 Rajesh Bhushan New Delhi
 FICCI 1927 Subhrakant Panda New Delhi
 Cotton 2003 Lalit Kumar Gupta New Delhi
Corporation
India (CCI)
 NDDB 1965 Meenesh Shah Anand, Gujarat
 RBI **1 April, 1935 Shaktikanta Das Mumbai
 IARI *1905 Dr. AK Singh New Delhi
 World bank 1945 Ajay Banga Washington
 IFFCO 1967 Chairman-Dileep Sanghani New Delhi
MD –U.S. Awasthi
 GST council 2015 Nirmala Sithraman New Delhi
 IMF 1945 Kristalina Georgieva Washington
 FSSAI 2011 Ashish Bahuguna New Delhi
 NSC 1963 Dr.Maninder Kaur New Delhi
 IRRI 1960 Dr. Jean Balié Los Banos,
Philippines
 IRRI South Asia Dec, 2018 Dr. Arvind Kumar Varanasi
Regional Center-
IRRI SARC &
CERVA
 Competition 14 Oct, 2003 Ashok Kumar Gupta New Delhi
Commission of
India (CCI)
Page 43
India’s Rank in Different Indices- 2022-23
Index Rank
Human Development Index 132 (First rank- Norway)
Global Innovation Index (Switzerland- 46
First rank)
Global Hunger Index 107
Global Food Security Index 71 (First Ireland)
Gender Gap Index 135
Global Entrepreneur Index 68
Environmental Performance Index 180
Climate change Performance Index 10th
Ease of Doing Business (EoDB) 63 (New Zealand- First
Rank)
International Organizations
(a) BRICS- Brazil Russia India China South Africa (05)
 Term coined by ‘Jim O Neill’
 Founded in: 2009
 Headquarters of BRICS development bank- Shanghai
 BRICS Headquarters- Shanghai
 10th BRICS summit (recent) happened at- Beijing, China, June, 2022
 Chairman of BRICS development bank- KV Kamath
 South Africa joined BRICS in: 2010.
(b) SAARC: South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, 1985
 Headquarter: Kathmandu, Nepal (Kathmandu became headquarters in 1987)
 Founder Members: 6
 Present Members: 8 (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal,
Maldives, Pakistan and Sri Lanka)
 SAARC secretary general- Arjun Bahadur Thapa
 SAARC Agriculture Centre located at- Bangladesh
(C). Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC):
 Headquarter: Vienna
 Formed at: Baghdad Conference in 1960, by Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and
Venezuela.
 Member countries: 14
 India is not a permanent member of OPEC.
 OPEC membership is open to any country that is a substantial exporter of oil and which
shares the ideals of the organization.
Page 44
(D). Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic
Cooperation (BIMSTEC)
 Founded: 1997
 Headquarter: Dhaka, Bangladesh
 Member countries: 07
 Purpose: Platform for inter-regional cooperation between South and South East Asia.
 5th BIMSTEC Meeting (recent) chaired by- Srilanka (March 2022)
(E). G4 nations- Brazil, Germany, India, and Japan
 Founded: 2005
 Headquarters: United Nations
 Purpose: Support each other's bids for permanent seats on the United Nations Security
Council.
(F). World Trade Organization: (India is Founder Member country)
 Founded: 1Jan, 1995
 Headquarter: Geneva, Switzerland
 Member countries: 193
 Director General: Dr. Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala
 WTO's 12th Ministerial Conference (MC12) took place from- 12 to 17 June 2022 at WTO
headquarters in Geneva. (focus on curtailing harmful fishing subsidies, Agreement on
Global Food Security & E-commerce Transactions, Covid-19’ Vaccine Production)
Note: WTO Ministerial Conference: WTO’s top decision-making body and usually meets
every two years.
(G). Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN):
 Established in: 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand
 Member countries: 10 (Founders: Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Thailand & Philippines)
 India is not a member country of ASEAN
 40th & 41st ASEAN summit held at- 10-13 November 2022, in Phnom Penh, Cambodia
 5th ASEAN-India Business Summit took place on 6 March 2023 in Kuala Lumpur.
(H). G20
 G20 founded on- 26 septemer, 1999.
 The Group of Twenty (G20) is an intergovernmental forum comprising 19 countries &
European Union - Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany,
India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia,
South Africa, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States and the European Union.
Page 45
 India assumed the presidency of the G20 forum, taking over from Indonesia. India holds
the Presidency of the G20 from December 1, 2022 to November 30, 2023.
 18th G20 summit to be held in- Sep 9-Sep 10, 2023 at New Delhi (It is the first ever G20
summit to be hosted in India and also in South Asia).
 18th G20 summit will be chaired by- Prime Minister of India
 17th G20 summit held at- Nov15-16, 2022, Bali, Indonesia
(I). QUAD: Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QSD: 2007

 A strategic security dialogue between Australia, India, Japan, and the United
States that is maintained by talks between member countries.
 Recent Quad Summit is held in Tokyo on 24th May 2022
(J). I2U2 West Asian Quad (India-Israel-UAE- USA)
 The first Leaders’ Summit of I2U2 will be held virtually on 14 July 2022.
 I2U2 was initially formed in October, 2021 following the Abraham Accords
 The United Arab Emirates (UAE) announced to invest USD 2 billion in India to
develop Food Parks across the country.
 The Grouping declared to support a "300 megawatts (MW) hybrid renewable energy
project" in Gujarat, consisting of wind and solar capacity. (Expanded to 500 MW by
2030).
 Six areas of cooperation have been identified by the member countries to encourage joint
investments in water, energy, transportation, space, health, and food security.
(K). Forum for India–Pacific Islands Cooperation (FIPIC):
 Formed in: 2014
 Aim: For multinational cooperation between the Republic of India and 14 Pacific Islands
nations
 The third India-Pacific Islands Cooperation (FIPIC) Summit held in Port Moresby,
Papua New Guinea on 22 May, 2023. (2nd summit in Jaipur).
 Theme of 3rd FIPIC summit: Strengthening Ties for a Brighter Future
(L). Group 7 (G-7)
 Formed in: 25 March, 1973
 Founded at: Washington D.C as informal club of advanced economies.
Page 46
 Member countries: Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the
United States of America.
 Recent 49th G7 summit held at- May 19-21, 2023, Hiroshima, Japan.
Organization Number of Member Year of Establishment

Countries
WTO 164 01.01.1995
UNO 193 24.10.1945
IMF 189 27.12.1945
SAARC 08 1985
BRICS 05 2009
“India is a founding member country of: UNO, IMF, ADB, IFPRI, SAARC, G-20, G-
77, WTO, World bank & BRICS, and BIMSTEC”.
 India is not a member country of ASEAN, G-7, OPEC.
Important Days in Agriculture & Allied Sciences

2 February World Wet land day/ Ramser's day
**10 February World Pulses Day
13 February World Radio Day (for Social sciences)
19 February Soil Health Card Day
3 March World wild life day
**8 March International women’s day
11 March Water resource day
**15 March World consumer day
21 March World forest day
**22 March World Water day
23 March World Meteorological day
7 April World Health day
16 April Mushrooms Day
**22 April World Earth day
26 April World intellectual property day
Last Saturday of April World Veterinary day
2 May World tuna day
8 May National Agro forestry Day
11 May National Technology day
**20 May World Honey day
16 May World Agri-Tourism Day
21 May World Tea Day
22 May International Day for Biological Diversity
31 May World Anti- Tobacco day
Page 47
1 June World Milk day
7 June World Food safety Day
17 June World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought
**5 June World Environment day
10 July National Fish Husbandry day
11 July World Population day
**16 July ICAR day
8 Sep World Literacy day
September (01st to 07th) National Nutrition week
16 Sep World Ozone day
18 Sep World Bamboo Day
29 September International Day of Awareness of Food loss & waste
1 Oct World Habitat day/Vegetarian day
1 Oct World Coffee Day
2 Oct National Women Literacy day
4 Oct World Animal Welfare day
7 Oct World Cotton Day
11 Oct International day of Girl Child
13 Oct World Egg day/
UN International day for Natural Disaster Reduction
15 Oct Mahila Kisan Diwas (Women in Agriculture
day)/International Day of Rural Women
16 Oct World Food day
24 Oct UN day/International day of climate action
16 Nov National Press day
21 Nov World Fisheries day
26 Nov National Milk day
3 Dec National Agriculture Education day
(Babu Rajendra Prasad birthday)
5 Dec World Soil day
10 Dec Human Right’s day
14 Dec National Energy conservation day
23 Dec Farmers day (Kisan Diwas)
Ch. Charan Singh birthday Farmers awareness week (Dec 23-29)
Important Statistical information

The ratio of extension functionary to farmer is (DFI committee)
1: 400 in hilly areas;
1: 750 in irrigated areas
1: 1000 in rainfed areas (DFI Document)
Total number of NGOs in India - 3.3 million
One NGO for every 400 Indian citizens
Page 48
Total number of SHGs is- 6.6 million (Source: NRLM)
Total number of KVKs in India- 732 (Highest are in Zone 3, U.P)
Total number of Aspirational districts in India- 112
Total number of FPOs in India- 5000
(910 affiliated to SFAC, 3000 affiliated to NABARD & remaining created and run by Private
firms).
The concept of ‘producer company’ was introduced in 2002
Highest number of FPOs registered in- Maharashtra (1940) followed by U.P (750) Tamil
Nadu (528), M.P (458).
Highest number of women SHGs are there in- Bihar (10 lakh women SHGs)
Updated MSME Definition (UPSC CSE 2023)

Type of Enterprise Investment Turnover
Micro Rs. 1 Crore Rs. 5 Crore
Small Rs. 10 Crore Rs. 50 Crore
Medium Rs. 50 Crore Rs. 250 Crore
References:
 Annual Report.2022-23. Department of Agriculture & Farmers welfare.

 Annual report 2022-23. DARE.
 A brief handbook of pulses. 2021. Department of agriculture cooperation & farmers
welfare.
 Basic Animal Husbandry statistics 2022
 FAO. 2022. World Food and Agriculture Statistical Yearbook 2022. Rome.
https://doi.org/10.4060/cc2211en.
 Report on Price Policy for Kharif crops of 2023-24 season.
 https://eands.dacnet.nic.in/
 https://dpd.gov.in/
 https://oilseeds.dac.gov.in/
 https://nfdb.gov.in/
 https://ppqs.gov.in/
 https://www.faidelhi.org/
 https://timesofagriculture.in/
 https://cacp.dacnet.nic.in/
 https://agricoop.nic.in/
Page 49
 https://apeda.gov.in/milletportal/
 https://icar.org.in/
 https://education.icar.gov.in/
 https://pib.gov.in
 https://msme.gov.in/
**************All the best*************
Prepared by
Dr. K. Raghavendra Chowdary
Scientist (Agril. Extension)
(8074420092)
ANGRAU
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General Agriculture Current Affairs- 2023

AGRICULTURE PROFILE OF INDIA

 North East Centre for Technology Application and Reach (NECTAR)

Share of Major States in Area Covered under Micro-Irrigation

 Area under cultivation of millets in 2021-22 is- 15.48 million hectares

Food grains Production for the year 2021-22 (Final Estimates):

Cereals Production (Million Tonnes)

Cereals Production (Million Tonnes)

Total food grain Production 330.53 MT

Fig: State wise Pulses area and production (source: https://dpd.gov.in)

Commercial crops production for the year 2021-22 & 2022-23:

Crop Area in Production in Yield in Area in Production in Yield in

 Oil seeds top producing states

5.18 10.28  Gujarat  Gujarat

 Other Commercial Crops (2021-22 & 2022-23)

Millet scenario in India

Fig: Country wise production of millets

Area and production data of Millets in 2022-23

Top “3” cultivated Top “3” cultivated Top “3” Fruits in

MSP of Crops for Marketing Season 2023-24:

Fertilizer Scenario (2021-22):

Pesticide consumption scenario (2022-23):

 Total number of Beneficiaries in India under PDS system are- 81 crore

Indian Food Processing Sector at a glance:

Genetically Modified crops/Transgenic crops/Biotech crops:

Fig: India Agri Exports-Imports

 Total number of organic producers in India- 2.64 million

Bharatiya Prakritik Krishi Padhati (BPKP): 2020-21

Schemes launched during Sep 2022- June 2023

For more information on schemes/programs launched during 2014-2022 go through:

 Implemented by: Ministry of education

 Gramin Krishi Mausam Sewa (GKMS) scheme: 2015

 Digital Agriculture Mission: 2021-2025

Key Points of ECONOMIC SUVEY IN RELATION TO AGRICULURE &

Climate Change and Environment:

and wheat was- 433.4 LMT

Agriculture & Food Management Highlights of the Union Budget 2023-24

 The four focus areas/four opportunities identified by GOI to transform country in

1. Economic Empowerment of Women: formation of large producer women enterprises or

New schemes launched in Budget 2023-24

 Authorized share capital: Rs.500 cr

Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs):

Fig: Government Schemes related to financial support to the FPO

Ministry of Jal Shakti: Formed in May, 2019

Report of India’s first water bodies census

Fig: First Census of Water Bodies

About Meeting of Agricultural Chief Scientists (MACS):

Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR) Umbrella covers

India’s G20 Presidency

Chairman’s/Heads/Presidents of different Institutes

 FCI 1965 Ashok Kumar Meena New Delhi

(I). QUAD: Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QSD: 2007

Organization Number of Member Year of Establishment

Important Days in Agriculture & Allied Sciences

Important Statistical information

Updated MSME Definition (UPSC CSE 2023)

 Annual Report.2022-23. Department of Agriculture & Farmers welfare.

**************All the best*************

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