REPORT ON

GIT 635 (DIGITAL TERRAIN MODELLING)

ASSIGNMENT

SUBMITTED

BY

SALAWU IDOWU ABIOLA

(200101297)

TO THE DEPARTMENT OF SURVEYING AND GEOINFORMATICS

FEDERAL SCHOOL OF SURVEYING, OYO

LECTURER(S) IN CHARGE: SURV. FELIX IYIOLA O.

SURV. OYEYODE A. O
DATE: 12TH/SEPT./2022
CLASS: PD II

Assignment one
Development of Digital Elevation Model, Surface Map, Contour Map, Slope
Map, and Spot height Map using “Surfer 21” software.
Procedures
• A folder called "DTM Assignment" was created on the desktop

• The data set used was formatted in the Microsoft Excel program with northing,
easting, and elevation as columns A, B, and C, respectively, and saved as a .CSV file
in the "DTM Mapping Created" folder on the desktop.Surfer 21 software was
launched via the desktop and New was selected for new project.

• In the "File" tab, I chose "Save" and saved the project in the "DTM Mapping" folder.

• In the "Home" tab of the software, I selected "Grid Data" to import and grid the
dataset to be used.

• “Nearest Neighbor” was selected under the gridding method so it will grid only the
data limit and not to grid out the data limit/boundary.

• Under the “Data set” option, I clicked Browse so as to select the dataset inside the
“DTM Mapping” folder saved on desktop

• The data has been imported into the Directory tab and the X, Y, and Z columns have
been set appropriately by assigning the easting m to data x, the northing m to data y,
and the elevation to data z.

• “Next” was clicked and every necessary configuration were done till “Finish” button
was clicked on.

• The program ran for a few seconds, displaying a grid report and saving it to the
created folder.

• After the grid was generated and the report saved, we used the ''Home'' tab to cycle
through the types of maps we wanted to generate.

• The type selected were: Contour -for contour map, Post -for Spot Height map, 1-Grid
Vector -for Slope arrow map, 3D Surface -for Colored surface map, and 3D
Wireframe -for 3D wireframe map and all are done respectively

• Note: only the post map requires the original data “un-grided” while others require
the grided data to generate required result.
• Overlay process was performed on Surface map, Contour Map, Slope map, and Spot
height map by selecting all their layers using “CTRL” key and “Mouse left click” and
then selecting “Overlay Maps” from the “Map Tools” Tab and our Overlay outcome
will be displayed on the screen.

Note: All the necessary settings that needed to be adjusted on the map were done by
selecting the layer for each map. All settings like contour color, contour spacing, text
height/size/color were set in "Properties".

Assignment two
Development of TIN Surface, Surface Contour Map, Surface Aspect
 Map, Surface Slope Map, 5 Line of sight, Cross and Longitudinal
Section on generated map using “ArcGIS” software

Procedures
• A new folder was created on the desktop named as “ArcGIS Assignment 1”

• The data set used was formatted in the Microsoft Excel program with northing,
easting, and elevation as columns A, B, and C, respectively, and saved in a .CSV file
format.“ArcGIS Assignment created folder” on the desktop.

• ArcGIS 10.5 software was launched through the desktop and a blank page was
selected for new project to work on.

• The blank page was saved to the “ArcGIS Assignment 1” folder through the “File”
tab

• A file was created from the “Catalog” menu of ArcGIS and saved as “MethovDTM
Ass 1”, and it was assigned as a Default Geodatabase by right clicking on the Metho
DTM ASS 1 and selecting “Set as Default” to set it to a default

• Data XY was added From the File > Add Data > Add XY Data

• On the window that pops up, the data of Microsoft excel file was browsed, imported,
X, Y & Z field assigned to the appropriate column, and then the coordinate system
was set to Minna datum via the “Edit” on the popped-up window. Then “OK” was
selected and the data was successfully imported with its layer.

• “3D analyst”was activated and selected in the software taskbar by right-clicking the
ribbon area of the taskbar“3D analyst”

• To generate a TIN surface of the imported data, the “Arc Toolbox” was launched
from the ArcGIS Taskbar, Arc Toolbox > 3D analyst > Data management > TIN >
Create TIN. A window popped-up and the output name of the TIN layer to be
generated was entered as “TIN”, The Coordinate system was selected as the initial
one used -Minna, from the Input Feature Class, the imported data was selected as the
data to be used to create the TIN surface. Then “OK” was clicked and the TIN layer
was generated sucessfully.
• To generate the Surface Contour map of the dataset, under the Arc Toolbox, Arc
Toolbox > 3D analyst > Triangulated Surface > Surface Contour. A window popped-
up, on the window, from the “Input Surface”, the above “TIN” created was selected
from the selection tab. On the “Output Feature Class”, the name of the Contour layer
was entered as “Contour”. On the “Contour Interval”, the contour interval was entered
as 0.2 in meters. Then “OK” was selected after the settings, and the Contour map was
successfully generated.

• To generate the Surface Aspect map of the dataset, under the Arc Toolbox, Arc
Toolbox > 3D analyst > Triangulated Surface > Surface Aspect. A window popped-
up, on the window, from the “Input Surface”, the above “TIN” created was selected
from the selection tab. On the “Output Feature Class”, the name of the Aspect layer
was entered as “Aspect”. Then “OK” was selected after the settings, and the Aspect
map was successfully generated

• To generate the Surface Slope map of the dataset, under the Arc Toolbox, Arc
Toolbox > 3D analyst > Triangulated Surface > Surface Slope. A window popped-up,
on the window, from the “Input Surface”, the above “TIN” created was selected from
the selection tab. On the “Output Feature Class”, the name of the Slope layer was
entered as “Slope”. On the “Slope Unit”, the Slope unit was selected as Percent. Then
“OK” was selected after the settings, and the Slope Surface map was successfully
generated

Note: every preference such as classification, color, text size, and symbol size were
set by selecting the layer, right click and select “properties” to set every preference
required.

• To generate Cross Section/ Longitudinal Section of the generated map, go to 3D

analyst tab and select “Interpolate line” and draw the cursor across the longest side for
longitudinal section and double click to end the operation, and across the shortest part
for cross section. To view the profile of the sections, select the desired section on the
map, and on the 3D analyst tab, select “Profile Graph”

• To generate line of sight on the generated DTM, from the 3D analyst tab, select
“create line of Sight” and a window will pop-up, enter the observer offset and target
offset, then draw the cursor from desired start point to desired end point. To view the
profile plot, on the 3D analyst tab, select the desired line of sight on the map, and
from the 3D analyst tab, select “Profile Graph”