Statiscal method

1. What is the primary purpose of descriptive statistics?

a) To make predictions about the future
b) To summarize and describe data
c) To test hypotheses
d) To establish causation

Answer: b) To summarize and describe data

2. Which of the following measures of central tendency is most affected by outliers?

a) Mean
b) Median
c) Mode
d) Range

Answer: a) Mean

3. In inferential statistics, what is the population?

a) The entire group being studied
b) A sample of the group
c) A subset of the group
d) The average of the group
**Answer: a) The entire group being studied**

4. What does a negative correlation coefficient indicate?

a) No relationship between variables
b) A strong positive linear relationship
c) A strong negative linear relationship
d) A weak positive linear relationship
**Answer: c) A strong negative linear relationship**

5. What is the formula for calculating the coefficient of variation (CV)?

a) CV = (Standard Deviation / Mean) * 100
b) CV = (Mean / Standard Deviation) * 100
c) CV = Standard Deviation - Mean
d) CV = Mean - Standard Deviation
**Answer: a) CV = (Standard Deviation / Mean) * 100**

6. What does skewness measure in a data distribution?

a) Spread of data
b) Symmetry of data
c) Central tendency of data
 d) Variability of data
Answer: b) Symmetry of data

7. Which of the following is not a measure of dispersion?

a) Range
b) Mean
c) Variance
d) Standard Deviation
Answer: b) Mean

8. Kurtosis measures:
a) The spread of data
b) The asymmetry of data
c) The thickness of the tails in a distribution
d) The central tendency of data
Answer: c) The thickness of the tails in a distribution

9. A positively skewed distribution means that:

a) The left tail is longer than the right tail
b) The right tail is longer than the left tail
c) The distribution is perfectly symmetrical
d) The distribution is not valid
Answer: a) The left tail is longer than the right tail

10. Which measure of dispersion is more sensitive to outliers?

a) Range
b) Variance
c) Standard Deviation
d) Mean Absolute Deviation
Answer: b) Variance

11. The kurtosis value of a normal distribution is:

a) 0
b) 1
c) 2
d) 3
Answer: a) 0

12. In a perfectly symmetrical distribution, which of the following skewness values is expected?
a) 0
b) -1
c) 1
d) 2
Answer: a) 0
13. Which measure of central tendency is not affected by extreme outliers?
a) Mean
b) Median
c) Mode
d) Standard Deviation
Answer: b) Median