DIVISION OF NAVOTAS CITY

7
ENGLISH
Quarter 2

S.Y. 2021-2022
NAVOTAS CITY PHILIPPINES
English – Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2
Second Edition, 2021

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such
work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition
the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright
holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these
materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not
represent nor claim ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education
Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Kathrine May A. Cabacang ,Rommel Condino, Juliene Joy Cabungcal , Jan
Elaine Alexa M. Dominguez, Reydina B. Supan, Delia G. Trinidad
Editors/Reviewer: Marco D. Meduranda
Illustrator:
Layout Artist: Mary Grace G. Solis
Management Team: Alejandro G. Ibañez, OIC- Schools Division Superintendent
Isabelle S. Sibayan, OIC- Asst. Schools Division Superintendent
Loida O. Balasa, Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division
Marco D. Meduranda, Education Program Supervisor in English
Grace R. Nieves, EPS In Charge of LRMS
Lorena J. Mutas, ADM Coordinator
Vergel Junior C. Eusebio, PDO II LRMS

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Navotas City
Office Address: BES Compound M. Naval St. Sipac-Almacen Navotas City
____________________________________________
Telefax: 02-8332-77-64
____________________________________________
E-mail Address: navotas.city@deped.gov.ph
____________________________________________
 Table of Contents
What I Know .......................................................................... 1

Module 1 ............................................................................... 3

Module 2 ............................................................................... 7

Module 3 ............................................................................... 11

Module 4 ............................................................................... 17

Module 5 ............................................................................... 23

Module 6 ............................................................................... 31

Module 7 ............................................................................... 37

Assessment ........................................................................... 43

Answer Keys .......................................................................... 44

References ............................................................................ 46
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. Which is not true about search engine?

A. helps in finding topics
B. can lead you to various sources
C. can be used in sending messages
D. can be used to collect information
2. This is often placed on the website where it is easy to be reached. This is
usually b in the header and provides a quick way to navigate the website. One
essential function of this is to allow the user to navigate through the pages of
the website.
A. website content C. social links
B. sidebar D. main menu
3. The evaporated water accumulates as water vapors in clouds, returns to Earth
and rains the vegetation. What analogy is being presented in the statement?
A. Function analogy C. Cause and effect analogy
B. Part to whole analogy D. Problem and solution analogy
4. The following are examples of primary sources except ___________.
A. Diaries C. Official records
B. Book report D. Autobiographies
5. What type of text needs to be read from beginning to end?
A. Narrative text C. Expository
B. Non-linear text D. Linear Text
6. What graph displays information that changes continuously over time?
A. Line C. Pie
B. Bar D. Histogram
7. You want to listen to your teacher because you want to know the
meaning of the word meadow. What listening strategy will you
use?
A. listening for main idea C. listening for vocabulary
B. listening for details D. listening for entertainment
(For items 8-10)
Summary 1: Soon the lives of the poor will be as luxurious as those of the rich
thanks to the inventions that have been made. Steam power is making the
difference.
Summary 2: In the past, only the upper class could afford a comfortable life.
Now artisans and tradesmen can afford beautiful and comfortable things, and
soon the working class will be able to as well. Steam powered machines already
produce high quality goods at prices that everyone can afford. In addition,
steamboats and trains now transport people over long distances luxuriously
and quickly.

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8. The main idea of the passage is that
A. class differences are being erased by new discoveries.
B. new inventions are making life better for people of all classes.
C. steam-powered machinery has provided beautiful clothing for
all people.
D. industry will bring many conveniences to people in the future.
9. The first summary
A. provides a discussion of steam powered machines.
B. explains how transportation changed industry.
C. does not state the main idea accurately.
D. included few unnecessary details.
10. The second summary
A. has too many details.
B. covers all the main points.
C. leaves out mention of transportation.
D. includes the author’s wishes for the future.

2
 MODULE 1

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to
help you to use listening strategies based on purpose, familiarity with the
topic and levels of difficulty of short texts listened to master.
The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning
situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of
students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the
course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond
with the textbook you are now using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Identify the different purpose in listening
2. Use listening strategies based on purpose, familiarity with the topic and levels
of difficulty of short texts listened to

Lesson Listening Strategies

Listening plays a vital role in daily lives. Everyday people listen for different
purposes such as entertainment, academic purposes or obtaining necessary
information. It is essential for learning languages since they enable to acquire
insights and information, and to achieve success in communicating with
others. In this module you will sharpen even more your receptive skill of
listening by understanding listening strategies and other measures to
increase listening comprehension

You are listening in a radio show. Then, you have heard the announcer saying
this
The current outbreak is a test for all of us. It is time for us to work together and
focus not only on what confronts us today, but plan for tomorrow, taking steps to
protect every corner of the Pacific – in order to minimize the health, social and
economic impacts of COVID-19, and keep people, families and islands safe.

3
Questions:
1. What will be your reaction?
___________________________________________________________________________
2. Why do you think the announcer said that?
___________________________________________________________________________
3. What is the message of the announcer?
___________________________________________________________________________

Directions: Listen the poem carefully. Ask your parent/ guardian / any older
family member to read to poem for you to listen to. Then, explain the message of
the poem.

What do you
think the
author’s reason
in writing this
poem?

Listening is the one skill that you use the most in everyday life.
Listening comprehension is the basis for your speaking, writing and reading
skills. To train your listening skills, it is important to listen actively, which
means to actively pay attention to what you are listening to. Make it a habit
to listen to audio books, podcasts, news, songs, etc. and to watch videos and
films in the foreign language.

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Types of Activities for Listening with a Purpose

1. Listening for the Main Idea

The purpose of this type of listening is to train students to grasp the main
points or general information presented in the audio. Students often get
stuck on a detail, a word or phrase they don’t understand and fail to see the
bigger picture. So, this is a great exercise for this type of student.

2. Listening for Detail

Here, the purpose is to train students to grasp specific information, details
that are relevant, important or necessary. The goal is to help students
obtain the detailed information they may need like hours, dates, names,
etc…

3. Listening for a Sequence

Quite often, students receive instructions in English, information they will
need to act on or orders they will need to follow. It is vital that they get the
order right, that they understand the sequence correctly and what each step
entails.

4. Listening for Specific Vocabulary

Listening activities offer great opportunities to teach new words or review
vocabulary previously taught. Here, the purpose is to identify and remember
a series of words, which are usually easily categorized, like types of food,
sports, animals, etc…

5. Listening for Cultural Interest

The purpose is to expose you to this cultural aspect through a listening
activity.

6.Listening for Attitude and Opinions

Sometimes students have to listen for what someone is really saying, not
what they’re literally saying, but what they actually mean. Attitudes,
opinions and feelings can all be conveyed in varying degrees from strong
disagreement to mild criticism. Advanced students should be able to discern
different attitudes and positions, as well as identify how the speaker feels.

7. Listening for Functional Language

Very often, we teach functional language in the ESL classroom, expressions
students can use to accept/decline invitations, give suggestions, give advice,
etc… The purpose is to show students how these expressions are used in a
conversation.

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Directions: The following are different articles taken from various videos
and news articles. Listen to each item and answer the questions that follows

1. From Inquirer
The spokesperson of Vice President Leni Robredo has assured Foreign
Affairs Secretary Teodoro Locsin that they are not worried about the 2022
elections, claiming that it is the administration supporters who are afraid of
the next polls.

Who is the Secretary of Foreign Affairs?

__________________________________________________________________________

2. From the Three Little Pigs

So the wolf showed his teeth and said:
Then I'll huff and I'll puff
and I'll blow your house down!
So he huffed and he puffed and he blew the house down! The wolf was
greedy, and he tried to catch both pigs at once, but he was too greedy and
got neither! His big jaws clamped down on nothing but air and the two little
pigs scrambled away as fast as their little hooves would carry them.

What happened after the wolf showed his teeth?

___________________________________________________________________________

3. From the Legend of Pineapple

Once upon a time, there was a woman who lived with her daughter Pina in a
tiny hut in the village. They were poor, and the mother worked day and
night to make both ends meet. No matter how hard she worked, though, she
never got any help from her daughter. Pina was a lazy, spoiled kid who liked
to play in the backyard all day. Whenever her mother asked for help around
the house or tried to send her on an errand, she would always find an
excuse by saying she can’t find the object that was needed to complete that
task. If her mother asked her to sweep the house, for example, she would
say she cannot find the broom, even if it was right there in front of her. Her
mother always ended up doing the work herself.

Where does Pina and her mother lived?

6
 Directions: Listen and examine the given news articles. Then identify the
purpose of listening that it belongs and explain your answer.
Angel Locsin, perhaps more than the average Filipino, knows a thing or two
about being a hero.

She's played the iconic Darna, one of the most recognizable Filipino
superheroes. She's been at the forefront of different crises, most recently
during the coronavirus pandemic as she, along with her friends and
colleagues, raised funds and bought supplies for sectors left most vulnerable
as the country went under lockdown.

But on Friday, July 10, hours after ABS-CBN was denied a new franchise by
the House of Representatives, it was Angel who called for help from an industry
she's thrived in for over two decades.
From: https://rappler.com/entertainment/angel-locsin-reaction-abs-cbn-franchise-rejection

Purpose of Listening: __________________________________________________

Explanation:_____________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

MODULE 2

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Know what is search engine
2. Use a search engine to research a topic

Lesson What is a search engine?

Search engine is a service that allows Internet users to search for content via
the World Wide Web (WWW). A user enters keywords or key phrases into a search
engine and receives a list of Web content results in the form of websites, images,
videos or other online data.The engine provides a list of results that best match what
the user is trying to find. Today, there are many different search engines available
on the Internet, each with its own abilities and features.

For users, a search engine is accessed through a browser on their computer,

smartphone, tablet, or another device. Today, most new browsers use an omnibox,
which is a text box at the top of the browser. The omnibox allows users to type in a
URL or a search query. You can also visit one of the major search engines' home page
to perform a search.

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Answer the questions below.

1.Are you familiar with the

following search engines? How did you know about them?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

2. How do you think these will be helpful in your studies?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Unlock the following specialized internet terms. Write the letter of the best answer
on your answer sheet.

1. Domain a. It is a software program that allows a user to

locate, access, and display web pages.
2. Search Engine b. It usually refers to a lower level web page in
a website
3. Web browser c. A program that searches for and identifies
items in a database that correspond to
keywords or characters specified by the user,
used especially for finding particular sites on
the World Wide Web.
4. Subpages d. A set of related web pages located under a
single domain name, typically produced by a
single person or organization
5. Website e. The location of a website. For example,
"google.com"

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How to Use Internet Search Engines for Research

The Internet is often the first place many people go when they need to
do research. Though this might be the first place to look for basic information,
the key to using the Internet wisely begins with understanding how the
Internet works and how it can work for you.

How Internet Search Engines Work

An Internet search engine is akin to a library in the online setting. Within

millions of domain names are stored pieces of information you can use for
your research. However, you need to begin somewhere.

Browser: The browser is the entryway to your Internet searches. You can use
a variety of different search engines to help you begin your research,
including:Google, MSN's Bing, Ask, Yahoo!, Dogpile, Altavista, AOL search

No matter what search engine you decide to use, you will find a vast collection
of resources. Many people choose one search engine before all others, and you
might choose to do the same.

Domain name: At the base, each Web site online has its own personal URL.
This is the name of the Web site. For example, you might have
www.Apple.com. This is Apple's Web site name. If you were to type this name
into a browser or search engine, you would find a listing for the Apple site. If
you typed in another spelling into a Web browser, you would not reach this
site.

Domain details: After the domain name, you might see additional words, often
after a back slash (/). This allows the site to break up into additional pages
so a person can reach different pieces of information.
Subpages: Within those pages might be even more subpages, helping you
further refine your search and find the results that you need to complete your
research.

Keywords: Search engines operate much like a computer at a library might.

You can type in a word that is related to your topic, a title of a book, an author,
a question, or any other number of words to find results that are related to
your search.

9
Sequence from 1-5 the steps on how to use a search engine.

____ A.
When
you
arrive on
the
website,
type on
the
search
bar of the
website

____B. type
on the
search bar
the website
of the search
engine you
want to go
(i.e
www.google.c
om,
www.yahoo.c
om etc)

______ E. After
pressing the
search button,
you will see
several links
,websites and
pictures related
to your search,
you may click
on those links
or sources to
know what you
are looking for
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Directions: Using any search engines, find the answers to the following
questions:
1. What is the full name of the current president of the Philippines?
2. Who is the president’s spokesperson in the present?
3. What is the capital of the Philippines?
4. What are the last words of Jose Rizal?
5. Where is the birthplace of Antonio Luna?

MODULE 3

In learning this lesson, you are expected to:

• name the parts of a website
• identify the function of each part of a website
• use the essential features/parts of a website to navigate it and get
desired information

Lesson Parts of a Website

In this progressive world we live in, one of the skills a 21st century
learner must learn is to use website appropriately to access significant
information. As an addition to that, the new normal of teaching and learning
requires you to possess digital literacy that will help you to easily cope up
with its demands. A student who has the knowledge to navigate a website
and use it for his improvement academically and personally has a greater
possibility of succeeding with his goals. This skill will serve as a weapon to
continually survive in this pandemic time one way or another.

Directions: Using Google chrome or any web browser available for you,
search for the following terms online. Then, write the definition of the terms

11
in your own words. Include the links of the websites you have used to come
up with the definition.

Term: Website

Definition:

Link/s used:

Term: Links

Definition:

Link/s used:

Term: Navigation Menu

Definition:

Link/s used:

Directions: Read the short passage below. Accomplish the task given at the
end of it. Choose your answer from the choices in the box and write on the
space provided.
Jacob and Jana have been classmates since they were in elementary
years. Jacob is well-supported by his parents given the fact that they have
the means to have everything needed to learn. They provide him materials,
tools and even devices to help him in his studies. On the other hand, Jana
only knew how to read, write, count through the old books given to her by
Jacob. Jana came from a poor family with both working parents to provide
the daily needs of their four children. Jana and Jacob are now in their first
year in high school. Jacob cares so much about his friend, that’s why he
wants to help her learn how to use the internet to have a better and wider
access to information.

12
To do that, Jacob has to help Jana learn the basic parts of a website to
navigate it properly. Help Jana to name the basic parts of a website.

feature image header

side bar main menu website content

What part of a website is being pointed by

the arrow? ____________________

What part of a website is being pointed by the

arrow? ____________________

What part of a website is being

pointed by the arrow? ____________________

What part of a website is being

pointed by the arrow? ____________________

What part of a website is being pointed by the

arrow? ____________________

Sources: https://sumofy.me/blog/2015/06/30/5-parts-of-a-website-and-their-design-trends-
this-2015/
https://www.digiworks.co.za/13-parts-of-a-website-you-should-know-about/

13
Directions: Identify the other parts of a website. You will be guided by the
given functions of each part. Write your answer beside the number in the
image.
Source: https://www.digiworks.co.za/13-
parts-of-a-website-you-should-know-
about/

13 BASIC PARTS OF A WEBSITE

1. The footer guides you as to when the website is last updated. The
visitor can also see the copyright and date stamp of the website he is using
here. This contains important links on the website.
2. Posts and “feed” content. To make a website engaging to its visitors,
one needs to have a content on the website that offers a “feed” of content.
This is a kind of slideshow of products or latest blog post that excites that
visitor’s interest and serves as a guide to complete the website goals. (e.g
reading a blog post).
3. Internal links are necessary to engage the visitors in completing the
website goals. This takes the users to the blog page where they can read
thouroughly the full list of blog posts and further find things that arouse
their interests.
4. The Main Menu(Navigation Bar) is often placed on the website where
it is easy to be reached. This is usually contained in the header and provides
a quick way to navigate the website. One essential function of this is to allow
the user to navigate through the pages of the website. A main menu can be
in a collapsible pain especially in mobile views of websites.

14
5. Social links are an essential addition to most websites and are
displayed on any part of the website. If a visitor likes a website, wants to get
updated or prefers to get contact via social media, these links will assist
further engagement with the website.
6. Buttons. These are prompting parts to make the visitors engage in a
handy interactive manner. If uniquely included, these can be useful tools to
emphasize the CTA, build the brand of a product, and guide the visitors to a
certain bit of information.
7. Pop-ups, ribbons, buttons, even text link are examples CTA or Call
to Action. These are important because they guide the visitors to important
information, to complete the website goals, and to use the website in its full
purpose. These CTAs can be obvious, yet all go down to the purpose of
serving the visitors with the information that is relevant to them.
8. Forms work to get the name and means of contacting visitors.
Application forms, sign-up forms, and shipping information forms are
examples of how forms are used on websites.
9. Highlighted content guides the visitors to complete its goal by
leading them to the other parts of the website. Often, this can be seen on the
home page of the website.
10. The area that contains the most content of a website is called the
body or website content. In a website, there are different kinds of content
that contain particular content. A home page usually displays example types
of content.
11. The header contains the logo and main menu of a website. This is
located at the top part of the website that is usually a permanent fixture.
This includes information necessary to navigate the website appropriately.
12. Side bar is another part of a website that helps the visitor in
navigating. This can help when there’s a large amount of information (like
multiple blog posts, or products need to be ordered). This is also used to
suggest related bits of information and serves as a guide to the next step
after a visitor has read a post.
13. The image or text that linked to the website main page or home is
what we called website logo. Ofcourse, the purpose of having this is for the
identification of the website. This also serves as the point of call for
establishing a brand on the website.
Source: https://www.digiworks.co.za/13-parts-of-a-website-you-should-know-about/

15
Directions: Visit the website ted.com and answer the following questions.
1. What words are placed in the Main menu?
___________________________________________________________________
2. Does the website have call to Action (CTA)?
___________________________________________________________________
3. What comes out when you place the cursor on top of the word “watch”
in the main menu? (in case of using mobile phone, click the word “watch”)
___________________________________________________________________
4. List down the information you can see from the footer.
___________________________________________________________________
5. What can you see in the home page as an example type of content?
___________________________________________________________________

Directions: Complete the graphic organizer below by answering the

question in the circle above the other circles. Write your answer inside of the
smaller circles.

What are the

important
points to keep in
mind when
navigating a
website?

16
SCENARIO: You were absent for a day in your online class because of a
personal reason. To cope with your absence, your teacher tasked you to do
an online activity on the website she provided to you. Search the activity you
need to accomplish by following the instructions below.
1. Type ixl.com in the search engine.
2. Search for the “Language arts” under seventh grade.
3. Click “Read and understand informational passages” under “Analyzing
informational texts”.
4. Answer the first 10 questions based on the text.
5. Record your score below. (This is located at the right side of the web
page.

Questions answered: _______

Time elapsed: _______
Smart score out of 100: ______
“Honesty is the best policy.”

MODULE 4

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the nature of English. The scope of this module permits it to be
used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes
the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow
the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them
can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
a. Understand the usage of different reference sources
b. Gather relevant information from various sources
c. Organize information from various sources

17
 Lesson Research
Research is how you find the answers to all kinds of questions about all kinds
of topics. Working along with your teacher and the librarian you will use this
research guide to take you step by step through the process of “doing
research.”
You will find yourself wondering about ideas, formulating questions and
deciding upon a topic statement or thesis that states your position.
You will formulate keyword search terms and use them to investigate and
search authoritative sources for in-depth facts and evidence.
You will draw conclusions from the evidence, develop an opinion and organize
your findings to support your position or argument.
Finally, you will express your ideas and share your findings with others.

Information can come from virtually anywhere — media, blogs, personal

experiences, books, journal and magazine articles, expert opinions,
encyclopedias, and web pages — and the type of information you need will
change depending on the question you are trying to answer. Look at the
following sources of information. Notice the similarities between them.

Information
Information is power and an essential ingredient in decision-making. To
obtain timely, relevant and quality information for your study or research
work, you need to know the various sources of information available. This
module is expected to deepen your knowledge of sources of information in
print, non- print and electronic formats. It presents the definition,
originators/producers, types, formats, and categories of information
sources. The module also shows where information sources could be found
e.g. archives, libraries and the Internet.

18
 What are the things that you
Think want to learn in research?

What are the sources of

Puzzle information that you have used?

What are the things that you

Explore want to study more in
research?

Reference Resources
Reference sources are typically used in two different ways. One use is
to get background information on a topic that you are researching. For
example, if you use Wikipedia to find out the general history of an event you
will be writing about, you are using Wikipedia as a reference source to find
out the context of the topic you are researching. This is not information that
you’ll paraphrase, quote, or need to cite in your work, as the research you
are doing at this point in the process is more to help you learn what
information you’ll need to find along the way. Library-owned reference
sources often provide this same type of information, but often in academic
sources and with a higher level of reliability.
The other way references sources tend to be used is to find specific
facts to support a point being made in a paper. For example, if you needed
to find the percentage of mothers age 20-25 who have a college degree, you
would need a reliable source, and a reference librarian could help you locate
it and cite it. If you were to look on the open web, you might find a number
you would consider using, but you would probably still need to check with a
reference librarian to verify the source is reputable and trustworthy.
With these two approaches to reference sources you will often find yourself
in the reference department as you start a paper, looking for the general context for
your topic, and at the very end of writing your paper, as you look for specific details
to bolster your argument. This chapter will explain the types of sources you are
likely to find.
Reference Sources in Research
Reference sources can be a great place to start your research because
they provide quick, authoritative introductions to a topic. They offer summarized,
factual information in a clear and organized way. Common reference sources that
provide this type of information are encyclopedias and dictionaries. Reference
19
sources, such as encyclopedias or literary criticisms, will often cite additional
sources such as periodical articles and books. Further, they often provide a good
bibliography for you to explore in your research.
Kinds of Sources
1. Primary Source are original materials on which other research studies are based.
They represent information in its original form, not interpreted or evaluated by
other writers.
Examples: Diaries, speeches, letters, official records, autobiographies, interviews
2. Secondary Source are information from someone who did not experience the
event first-hand or by a person not directly involved in the event.
Examples: Encyclopedias, textbooks, book reports, newspaper.
Types of Reference Sources
a. Encyclopedias
Encyclopedias are more varied than you might think. You might have used a
general one in elementary school or high school. You might have heard people refer
to Encyclopedia Britannica as the “gold standard” for encyclopedias. However, you
might not have come across a subject-specific encyclopedia before. You can find
encyclopedias on nearly any discipline from philosophy to American pop culture.
The thing that all encyclopedias have in common is that they include brief, factual
information about topics or concepts. They often provide images and references to
additional works.
b. Dictionaries
Dictionaries are like encyclopedias, but instead of providing a contextual
background to a subject, a dictionary list terms in alphabetical order and gives
each word’s meaning. Some dictionaries include equivalent words in another
language, such as an English to Spanish dictionary. Others are subject specific,
diving into the minutiae of discipline-specific language. Most dictionaries are just
one volume long, but some begin to look more like encyclopedias.
c. Thesauri
Thesauri provide synonyms for words with related meanings. You might choose to
use a thesaurus when you are looking for alternative definitions to words you find
yourself using frequently. Thesauri often include antonyms, or words with the
opposite meaning of the one you look up, which can also be helpful when trying to
determine alternative ways to say the same message.
d. Bibliographies
Bibliographies help provide information about various ideas by providing references
to books, films, or recordings that deal with the topic. Bibliographies typically
include citations that reference the work, author, publisher, and place of
publication. Sometimes they include annotations, or brief summaries of the works
they cite as well.
e. Handbooks and Manuals
Handbooks and Manuals contain practical information on a topic. You might think
of this very book to be a type of handbook or manual on how to do research.
Handbooks on academic disciplines are gateways into the thinking of the field.
Manuals are similar in that they contain practical information, but they are more
instructional in nature.

20
f. Almanacs
Almanacs include calendars, basic facts, and statistical information about people,
places, and events. These sources contain specific, detailed information you might
need to have to cite in a paper. For example, if you were writing a paper on Tibetan
culture and wanted to find a list of the holidays celebrated there and when they
occur, you might look for a Tibetan almanac.
g. Biographical sources
Biographies and other biographical sources contain biographical information about
individuals such as birth and death dates and major accomplishments in a certain
field. If you have a paper to write on a theory or a point in history, you could use
biographical sources to find background information for a sub argument or point in
your paper. If you are writing an entire paper on an individual, you will likely need
more information than you’d find in a biography in the reference section. However,
a biography in the reference section will contain references to other sources that
you would find useful in your research process.
h. Atlases and Gazetteers
Atlases and Gazetteers are two sources that you can primarily think about as
related to geography. Both provide a variety of maps and historical geographic
information. These are useful if you need to understand where something is
situated in the world, but can also be useful to see how lines have been redrawn
over time.
i. Directories
Due to the internet, directories are less common than they used to be, but
sometimes still answer questions you can’t answer on the web. Directories include
information about people or organizations such as addresses, contact
information, company services and products, and sometimes biographical
information, or company histories.

Directions: Read the following scenarios and identify which reference

material to be used to find the specific information being asked.
Atlas
Encyclopedia
Thesaurus
Dictionary
1. You would like to travel to Washington D.C. How can you find out where this
place is located?
2. You are working on a story about amusement parks. You have used exciting
repeatedly. Where can you find a synonym for exciting?
3. Your class is doing research papers on someone who has made an impact on
our country’s history. Where can you find information about the person you
chose for this report?

21
 4. You are reading a chapter in your social studies book and you find a word
you do not know. How can you find the definition to the word?
5. This week’s spelling words are hard for you to understand. You have already
written the definition to the words. You believe that by finding synonyms and
antonyms for the words might give you a better understanding of the
definition. Where can you find synonyms and antonyms for a word?

Directions: Choose one of the following historical events. Then, gather

relevant information about your chosen topic. Identify primary and
secondary sources that would accurately depict the significance of the
chosen historical event.
1. World War 2
2. People Power 2
3. Miss World 2013
Historical Event: _______________________________________
Primary sources:
___________________________________________________________________________
Secondary sources:
___________________________________________________________________________

22
 MODULE 5

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the Different Reading Styles in English. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language
used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are
arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in
which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you
are now using.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Define summarizing;
2. Identify the different strategies on how to summarize information from
a text;
3. Use the different strategies on how to summarize information from a
text in the different activities given;
4. Highlight key information from sample texts given;
5. Summarize a given text;
6. Compose a story, and

Synthesizing Key
Information from a Text
Summarizing Key Information from a Text is a competence which composed of
compound knowledge of different skills such as reading with comprehension,
analysis of details and information, scrutiny of facts from opinion, emergence of prior
knowledge and break through of new learnings, and synthesizing the events and
happenings gathered throughout the text.

In the previous lesson, you learned about “research a topic with support using
two or three sources provided, e.g. newspapers, website, video, images, podcast, print
based material”. This skill enables you to be aware of the various information given
from different sources. You were taught to assess what information were valid and
factual in nature based on science and true to life existence and experience of true
people from opinion and hearsays.
In this module, you will learn several strategies on how to summarize key
information from a text. Also, several activities were provided to gauge your

23
understanding to the information imparted in this module. Moreover, to find out if
you acquired the necessary competence specified in this module.

Summarizing
. Spack (1988, p. 42) has pointed out that the most important skill a student
can engage in is "the complex activity to write from other texts", which is "a
major part of their academic experience." It is very important when you do
this to make sure you use your own words unless you are quoting. You must
make it clear when the words or ideas that you are using are your own and
when they are taken from another writer. You must not use another person's
words or ideas as if they were your own: this is Plagiarism and plagiarism is
regarded as a very serious offence.
Summarizing: A summary is a shortened version of a text. It contains the
main points in the text and is written in your own words. It is a mixture of
reducing a long text to a short text and selecting relevant information.

24
Look at this example:

Source

The amphibia, which is the animal class to which our frogs and
toads belong, were the first animals to crawl from the sea and
inhabit the earth.

Summary

The first animals to leave the sea and live on dry land were the
amphibia.

The phrase "which is the animal class to which our frogs and toads belong" is an
example, not a main point, and can be deleted. The rest of the text is rewritten in
your own words.

KEY STAGES IN SUMMARIZING KEY INFORMATION FROM A TEXT

1. Read and understand the text carefully.

2. Think about the purpose of the text.
a. Ask what the author's purpose is in writing the text?
b. What is your purpose in writing your summary?
c. Are you summarizing to support your points?
d. Or are you summarizing so you can criticize the work before you
introduce your main points?
3. Select the relevant information. This depends on your purpose.
4. Find the main ideas - what is important.
a. They may be found in topic sentences.
b. Distinguish between main and subsidiary information.
c. Delete most details and examples, unimportant information,
anecdotes, examples, illustrations, data etc.
d. Find alternative words/synonyms for these words/phrases - do not
change specialised vocabulary and common words.
5. Change the structure of the text.
a. Identify the meaning relationships between the words/ideas - e.g.
cause/effect, generalisation, contrast. Look at Paragraphs:
Signalling for more information. Express these relationships in a
different way.
b. Change the grammar of the text: rearrange words and sentences,
change nouns to verbs, adjectives to adverbs, etc., break up long
sentences, combine short sentences.
c. Simplify the text. Reduce complex sentences to simple sentences,
simple sentences to phrases, phrases to single words.
6. Rewrite the main ideas in complete sentences. Combine your notes into a
piece of continuous writing. Use conjunctions and adverbs such as
'therefore', 'however', 'although', 'since', to show the connections between the
ideas.

7. Check your work.

a. Make sure your purpose is clear.
b. Make sure the meaning is the same.

25
 c. Make sure the style is your own.

4b/c. Distinguish between main and subsidiary information. Delete most details
and examples, unimportant information, anecdotes, examples, illustrations, data
etc. Simplify the text. Reduce complex sentences to simple sentences, simple
sentences to phrases, phrases to single words.

Example No. 1: Volcanic Islands

Islands have always fascinated the human mind. Perhaps it is the instinctive
response of man, the land animal, welcoming a brief intrusion of earth in the vast,
overwhelming expanse of sea. When sailing in a great ocean basin, a thousand miles
from the nearest continent, with miles of water beneath the ship, one may come upon
an island which has been formed by a volcanic eruption under the sea. One's
imagination can follow its slopes down through darkening waters to its base on the sea
floor. One wonders why and how it arose there in the midst of the ocean.
The birth of a volcanic island is an event marked by prolonged and violent travail:
the forces of the earth striving to create, and all the forces of the sea opposing. At the
place where the formation of such an island begins, the sea floor is probably nowhere
more than about fifty miles thick. In it are deep cracks and fissures, the results of
unequal cooling and shrinkage in past ages. Along such lines of weakness the molten
lava from the earth's interior presses up and finally bursts forth into the sea. But a
submarine volcano is different from a terrestrial eruption, where the lava, molten rocks,
and gases are hurled into the air from an open crater. Here on the bottom of the ocean
the volcano has resisting it all the weight of the ocean water above it. Despite the
immense pressure of, it may be, two or three miles of sea water, the new volcanic cone
builds upwards towards the surface, in flow after flow of lava. Once within reach of the
waves, its soft ash is violently attacked by the motion of the water which continually
washes away its upper surface, so that for a long period the potential island may remain
submerged. But eventually, in new eruptions, the cone is pushed up into the air, where
the lava hardens and forms a rampart against the attacks of the waves.
Volcanic Island Image. Retrieved from https://images.app.goo.gl/FE1o4WaQnKC515gJA September 19, 2020 1:55 am

1. Read the passage carefully twice from beginning to end.

2. Remember your purpose: to describe the formation of a volcanic
island.
3. Select the relevant information
4. Mark all the points which should come into your answer. Do this very
carefully, and be sure not to miss anything.
The birth of a volcanic island is an event marked by prolonged and violent
travail: the forces of the earth striving to create, and all the forces of the sea
opposing. At the place where the formation of such an island begins, the sea
floor is probably nowhere more than about fifty miles thick. In it are deep
cracks and fissures, the results of unequal cooling and shrinkage in past
ages. Along such lines of weakness the molten lava from the earth's interior
presses up and finally bursts forth into the sea. But a submarine volcano is
different from a terrestrial eruption, where the lava, molten rocks, and gases
are hurled into the air from an open crater. Here on the bottom of the ocean
the volcano has resisting it all the weight of the ocean water above it.
Despite the immense pressure of, it may be, two or three miles of sea water,
the new volcanic cone builds upwards towards the surface, in flow after flow
of lava. Once within reach of the waves, its soft ash is violently attacked by
26
the motion of the water which continually washes away its upper surface, so
that for a long period the potential island may remain submerged. But
eventually, in new eruptions, the cone is pushed up into the air, where the
lava hardens and forms a rampart against the attacks of the waves.
5. Make notes
o island formation: earth versus sea.
o where? sea bed, not more 50 miles thick, cracked and uneven.
o weak lava bursts through.
o c.f. land volcano: no sea pressure
o how? lava cone pushes upwards
o surface - washed away by waves submerged
o lava hardens island.
6. Using this list of points, write your rough draft, referring to the original
only when you want to make sure of some point.
A volcanic island comes into being after a long and violent struggle has
taken place between the forces of the earth and the sea. The island begins to
form when hot lava breaks through weak points on the sea-bed where the
earth's crust is not more than fifty miles thick and is marked by deep
cracks. The volcanic island, unlike a land volcano, has to push up through
the immense pressure of the sea. The cone made up of lava finally reaches
the surface, but it does not appear because waves wash away its upper
surface. When the lava hardens it stands up to the waves and the island is
formed.
7. After correcting your draft, write an accurate copy of your text.
A volcanic island is born only after a long and violent struggle between the
forces of the earth and the sea. It begins to form when hot lava breaks
through a cracked and uneven part of the sea-bed where the earth's crust is
weak. Unlike the land volcano, it has to build upwards despite the immense
water-pressure until it finally reaches the surface. Even then it is too soft to
withstand the waves and remains underwater until the cone is pushed into
the air from below and the lava hardens.
8. Check your work.
Take care to make your text accurate. Your sentences should be well
connected to each other so that your text reads as a continuous paragraph.

General Directions: Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

I. Directions: Read and Analyze the given texts carefully. Then answer the
questions given.

27
Letter Clipart. Retrieved from https://pixabay.com/vectors/paperclip-paper-clip-note-paper-154263/ September 19, 2020 2:38 am

ACTIVITY 1. Choose the best summary of the above letter.

A. Tim received a broken Magic Racing Top in a damaged package. Since the
toy was a gift and there is no time to wait for a replacement, Tim wants his
money back.
B. Tim bought a Magic Racing Top. The package was damaged during
shipping. When he opened the package, the toy was broken. He doesn’t want
a replacement. He wants a refund for the toy. He looks forward to hearing
from Mr. Seymour.
C. Tim ordered a toy for his friend’s birthday. When the toy arrived, the
package was damaged and the toy was broken. He doesn’t want a
replacement toy because he doesn’t have enough time to wait on it. He
wants a refund from the company.
D. Tim got a broken toy. He is mad. He wants a refund.

28
ACTIVITY 2. Choose the best summary of the above text.
A. Mary went to the kitchen. She stopped and listened. She opened the
cabinet. She screamed. Her dad laughed.
B. Mary snuck quietly into the kitchen. When she opened the cabinet,
something touched her hand and made her scream. Her dad came to help and
discovered it was their cat in the cabinet.
C. The cat hid in the cabinet and scared Mary when she reached into it.
D. Mary walked into the kitchen after listening to make sure that nobody
heard her. She opened the cabinet slowly and felt something touch her. She
ran away screaming. She didn’t know that it was her cat Purr Purr.

ACTIVITY 3. Choose the best summary of the above text.

A. The writer was scared about having to have a tooth pulled and thought it would
hurt. The dentist gave her medicine, and she didn’t feel it when her tooth was
pulled.
B. The writer was scared. She got her tooth pulled. The dentist gave her medicine.
C. The dentist gave the writer some medicine so that it wouldn’t hurt when her
tooth was pulled.
D. The writer was scared about having her tooth pulled. She didn’t sleep the night
before. She was terrified. She was shaking. The dentist gave her medicine. She
didn’t feel a thing when he pulled her tooth.

29
Summarizing Test: Directions: Read each passage. Highlight or underline
necessary information. Write your summary .

There are many types of lethal venom in the animal kingdom, but perhaps
no stranger carrier than the platypus. The platypus is one of few
venomous mammals. Males carry a venom cocktail in their ankle spurs
that paralyzes victims with excruciating pain. Stranger still, the platypus
is the only mammal that uses electroreception. What this means is that
the platypus uses its bill to sense the electricity produced by the muscular
movements of its prey. The platypus neither sees, hears, nor smells its
prey while hunting but, rather, pursues it through electroreception.
Perhaps most odd, the platypus is the only mammal that lays eggs rather
than giving birth to live young. The platypus is an odd creature indeed.

My Summary

30
 MODULE 6

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the Different Reading Styles in English. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language
used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are
arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in
which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you
are now using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. identify the analogy used
2. classify analogy inside the paragraph
3. identify word signal for cause and effect
4. construct sentences using the analogy discussed

Use Analogy to Describe

or Make a Point

Analogy plays a significant role in problem solving, as well as decision

making, argumentation, perception, generalization, memory, creativity,
invention, prediction, explanation, conceptualization and communication.
So it is important to study and practice solving analogy in order to arrive at
good decision.

Directions: Identify the right two pairs of word based from the type of
analogy given.
1. Part to whole analogy
a. joyful: happy:: sad: lonely
b. electric fan: wire:: apparel: thread
c. refrigerator: rectangular:: clock: round
d. Rice Terraces: Banaue:: Underground river: Palawan
2. Antonym
a. old: aged::child: kid
b. wealthy: prosperous:: scary: eerie
31
 c. dangerous: safe:: joyful: depressed
d. common: ordinary:: bountiful: plentiful
3. Synonym
a. tired: sleep:: sad: cry
b. ocean: deep::mountain :tall
c. noble: outrageous::empty: full
d. open-handed: generous ::calm: serene
4. Cause and effect
a. hot: cold:: simple: complex
b. chill: cold:: delicious: savory
c. study: graduated:: tired: rest
d. teacher: teach:: soldiers: protect
5. Function
a. pot: boil:: children: study
b. sunflower: bloom: kids: smile
c. sun: shine:: bowl: container
d. wind mill: wind:: money save

B.
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

Source: David McElroy.org

1. Which among the two man, do you think could reach their goal?
a. Both reach and harvest the fruit of their labor.
b. The young man far from his goal but so persistent reaching it.
c. None of them will achieve their goal since it is impossible to reach.
d. The one digging his whole life getting nearly what he wants but stops.

2. From the given sentence, which is the result of an action?

Since it is so hard, the old man stopped pursuing his dream
a. It is so hard
b. The old man stopped pursuing his dream
c. None of them is the write answer.
d. Both if sentence are the results

3. What is the function of pickaxe?

a. It is used for breaking up stones.
32
 b. It is used for trimming clothes.
c. It is used for preserving food.
d. It is used for organizing staff.

4. If you were the old man how would you respond or solve the difficult
problem on reaching dreams?
a. I will stop since it is hard even my dream is just beyond reached.
b. I will eagerly be moving towards my plan even it is disastrous.
c. I will never give up and continue still even it seems afar.
d. I will persistently be doing the society’s fond of doing.

5. What type of analogy is this?

The old man had stopped mining, so he was not able to experience the fruit
of his years of labor.
a. Functional c. problem and solution
b. Cause and effect d. none of the above

Words to Watch
Cause and effect relationships occur every edday: at
For! Clue Words play, at home and at school “If you drink your milk,
and Phrases that you will grow big and strong!". "If you clean up your
signal a toys, you can go and play outside." As a child we had
Cause-Effect learned about cause and effect long before we began
formal schooling.
Relationship
For Effect
so Tips to identify cause
consequen and effect in a sentence
tly
therefore To find an effect,
thus readers ask, “What
as a result happened?”
resulted in To find cause, readers
that ask
causes “Why did this happen?”
Types of Analogy Meaning and example
For cause
1. Function or Tells how a thing works
Purposebecause
Analogy compares the function of two things
since Example:
for this 1. Ozone layer protects us from the heat
reason 2. Parents obligation is to take good care of their young
the reason while kids must respect the elder.
why
2. Cause and Effect Effect is defined as what happened or result of a
Analogy cause.
Cause is defined as reason why something happened.
Example:
1. Because of the strong current,
the man drifted away.

33
 a. Guiding questions:
1.) Why did it happen/
What is the reason why the man drifted away?
Answer: because of the strong current (cause)
2.) What happened? /
What is the result of a strong current?
Answer: the man drifted away (effect)

2. Animals survived in the wild, (effect)

because of their unique skills (cause)
Signal words:
So, consequently, therefore, thus,
as a result, resulted in, that causes
Because, since, for this reason, the reason
3. Problem and An analogy that stated a solution to the given problem.
Solving Analogy
Example:
1. To clean up the mess on the floor, we should thoroughly
sweep it using the broom.
2. In order to be healthy, we must always eat nutritious
food.

Directions: Read the paragraph about health carefully and answer the given
question. Write the letter only.
Cause and Effect
Why lack of sleep is bad for your health
The cost of all those sleepless nights is more than jus bad moods and a
lack of focus. Because of regular poor sleep, you are at risk of serious medical
conditions, including obesity, heart disease and diabetes – and it shortens
your life expectancy.

Immunity deterioration
If you seem to catch every cold and flu that’s going around, your
bedtime could be to blame. Due to prolonged lack of sleep, can disrupt your
immune system.
1. What is the effect of prolonged lack of sleep?
a. It can disrupt our immune system
b. Bed time could be to blame
c. lengthened lack of sleep
d. None of the above
2. What is the reason or the cause why it happened?
a. It can disrupt our immune system
b. Bed time could be to blame
c. lengthened lack of sleep
d. None of the above
3. What is the signal word for the cause or reason why it happened?
a. If b. and c. can d. due to

34
Diabetes
It seems that missing out on deep sleep or less than 5 hours of sleeping
may lead to type 2 diabetes by changing the way the body processes glucose,
which the body uses for energy.

4. What is the effect if we sleep less than 5 hours?

a. Processing of body glucose production
b. sleeping may lead to type 2 diabetes
c. which the body uses for energy
d. missing out on deep sleep
5. What is the signal for the cause and effect analogy?
a. may lead to and by c. it seems that
b. which and for d. or and than
Obesity
Sleeping less may mean you put on weight! Studies have shown that
people who sleep less than 7 hours a day will tend to gain more weight and
have a higher risk of becoming obese than those who get 7 hours of slumber.
It is believed to be because sleep-deprived people have reduced levels of
leptin (the chemical that makes you feel full) and increase levels of ghrelin
(the hunger-stimulating hormone
6. What will be the result if people sleep less than 7 hours a day
a. tend to gain more weight and have a higher risk of becoming obese
b. reduced levels of leptin (the chemical that makes you feel full)
c. increased levels of ghrelin (the hunger-stimulating hormone).
d. all of the above
7. What is the reason why all of these happened?
a. Increasing the hunger-stimulating hormone
b. reducing levels of leptin
c. becoming obese
d. sleeping less
8. What are the two signal word for the causal analogy?
a. Of and And c. Have and because
b. That and than d. Will tend to and because

Solution on How to Catch up on Lost Sleep

If you don’t get enough sleep, there’s only one way to compensate –getting
more sleep.It won’t happen with a single early night. If you have had months of
restricted sleep, you’ll have built up a significant sleep debt, so expect recovery to
take several weeks.Expect to sleep for upwards of 10 hours a night at first. After a
while, the amount of time you sleep will gradually decrease to a normal level.

9. What is the solution regarding this problem according to this article?

a. Compensate it by getting more sleep.
b. expect recovery to take several weeks
c. the amount of time you sleep will gradually decrease to a normal level.
d. None of the above

Function
Sleep plays an important role in the function of the brain, by forming
new pathways and processing information. Research has shown that
adequate sleep helps to improve memory and learning, increase attention and
creativity, and aid in making decisions.

35
 10. What is the function of adequate sleep in our brain?
a. It aids in making decisions.
b. It improves memory and learning.
c. It increases attention and creativity.
d. All of the above.

Directions: answer the sentences based on the question it being asked

A. Write the responsibility or function of each family member inside the
house.

Children
1._______________
____
2._______________

Mother
1._______________
____
2._______________

Father
1._______________
____
2._______________

36
 MODULE 7

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the different reading styles in English. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language
used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are
arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in
which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you
are now using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Apply the two types of reading path ;
2. Identify the difference between linear text and non-linear text, its definition,
reading paths, and efficiency;
3. Classify examples of linear and non-linear texts;
4. Construct short paragraphs ; and
5. Interpret charts.

Transcoding Information from Linear

Lesson
to Non-Linear Text and Vice Versa

Reading is a complex interaction between the text and the reader. It is

important to a reader to have a reading path. A reading path is a way the
readers take through a text. There are two paths, as linear and non-linear
texts depending on this reading path. You are going to encounter information
and examples of linear and non-linear texts. With this, you are going to
transcode information from linear to non-linear texts and vice versa. Let us
begin.
The difference between linear and non-linear texts mainly depends on their
reading paths. Since linear text have a sequential order, they have only one
reading path. However, non-linear text have a multiple reading paths since
they are non- sequential.

37
 Linear Text Non-linear Text
Definition Refers to a traditional Refers to text that does
text that needs to be not need to be read
read from beginning to from beginning to the
the end. end.
Reading Path There is only one There are multiple
reading path, which is reading paths. they are
decided by the author. determined by the
reader.
Content Typically includes Typically include digital
printed text. text.
Efficiency It may take time to find Allows readers to find
the information readers more efficiency.
are searching for
Examples Novels, poems, letters, Flowcharts, knowledge
textbooks, newspaper maps, and
articles. encyclopedias, etc.

Directions: Study the graph then choose from the options given below the best
answer to the questions.

ORANGE BANANA PEARS APPLE

www.k5learning.com.

38
How many kids like?

a. 10 b. 6 c. 7 d. 9
1. apples? ______

2. Bananas ______ a. 5 b. 7 c.8 d. 3

a. 6 b. 6 c. 5 d. 9
3. Oranges _____

a. 5 b. 6 c. 8 d. 4
4. Pears _____
5. How kids participated in the survey of favorite fruits?
a. 10 kids b. 7 kids c. 5 kids d. 6 kids

Linear and Non- Linear Definition

One way of increasing the reading comprehension level of a learner is
to understand how to transcode a linear text to non- linear text. It is
important that a learner must not only familiar in reading the usual linear
text such as stories but also how to interpret a non- linear such as graphs
to help him summarize the idea.
Linear text refers to traditional text that needs to be read from
beginning to the end. Here, the reader makes sense of the text according to
the grammatical and syntactic arrangement of the words. Moreover, this
type of text has an order or sequence; its typically the author of the text who
decides the order of the text, or its reading path. Generally, texts printed on
paper are considered as linear texts. Novels, poems, short stories, letters,
educational texts, all those texts we read from the beginning to the end, are
linear texts.
However, linear text or linear reading is not always advantageous; it
may prove disadvantageous when you are in a hurry and need to find some
in-formation quickly. This is because reading a linear text involves reading
the whole text from the beginning to the end, and it may take a considerable
amount of time to find the specific information you need.
Nonlinear text is the opposite of linear text. As its name suggests, it is
nonlinear and non-sequential. In other words, the readers do not have to go
through the text in a sequential manner in order to make sense of the text.
This type of text has many reading paths since it’s the readers who decide
the se-quence of reading, not the author of the text.
To understand the difference between linear and nonlinear text clearly,
look at some of the examples of both reading paths. Some examples of linear
texts in-clude novels, poems, letters, textbooks, etc. In contrast, flow charts,
39
knowledge maps, digital texts with hyperlinks, and encyclopedias are some
examples of non-linear text. Furthermore, non-linear allows readers to you
to find specific infor-mation more quickly and efficiently.
It is also important to note that digital texts or electronic texts are also
non-linear texts. These texts offer an array of constituents such as mobile
and immo-bile pictures, hyperlinks, and sound effects. Here also, the reader
can choose his own path of reading.

Directions: Study the following non- linear texts carefully then answer the
following questions. Write the letters of the correct answers.
A line graph is a graphical display of information that changes
continuously over time
The graph shows the rainfall over a period of 12 months of the year.

www. tutorialspoint.com

1. What month the rainfall started to decrease the first time in that year?
a. February b. January c. June d. July
2. What month in the graph showed the rainfall started to increase after the
month of June?

a. September b. January c. July d. October

3. In what month of the year the rainfall showed the highest?

a. November c. March
b. February d. June
Activity #2

A pie chart is a graphic that shows the breakdown of items in a set

as percentages by presenting them as slices of a pie. The key to a
pie charis that all of the slices must equal to 100%.
40
In the Philippines, all religions are protected by the law, and no religious
belief is given a priority over any other.

www.tutorilspoint.com
4. What is the dominant religion in the Philippines?
a. Islam b. Catholics c. Protestants d. Iglesia ni Cristo

5. What religion ranks the second based on percentage given?

a. Phil. Independent b. Catholics c. Islam d. Protestant

Directions: Read the paragraph carefully and transcode specific information

into a non-linear text. Number the images below to numbers 1-4 as
mentioned in the paragraph to show sequencing as stated.
Hello! My
name is
Shan

I used to go to Agora market to buy some ingredients for our

menu every day. Since quarantine period, as we all know, I am one of the
vulnerable persons, not allowed to go out in public places due to pandemic.
So, Ima, my aunt, as I fondly called her, took care of my duty. She left the
house observing the IATF health protocols for her personal safety like wearing
a face mask and a face shield, observing physical distancing and practice
hand hygiene.

41
 When she arrived home, I saw the following ingredients she put on the
table. First, I saw 8 pieces of watercress, 5 pieces of tamarind fruits, 5 pieces
of okra, 1 piece of radish, 2 pieces of eggplants, and 8 pieces of string beans.
Then, 2 pieces of tomatoes. 1piece onion and about 3 pieces of chili fingers.
Lastly, ¾ kilo of pork meat needed when cooking Sinigang.

_______ _______ _______ ______

Number Ingredient

42
 Mastery is needed in learning. Let us find out what you knew, learned
and mastered in this module by answering the questions below.
Directions: Write the letter of your answer.

1. The chart will you use to show the sequence of events that happened.
A.Venn diagram C. Pie chart
B. Bar graph D. Flow chart

2. A chart will you use to show equal or unequal proportions.

A. Bar C. Line
B. Data table D. Pie
3. You must not do the following activities while listening except
a. Do not write notes
b. Talk to you seatmate while listening
c. Focus on key words and facts.
d. Play games in your cellphone while listening

4. Mario your school mate is campaigning for the Student Government as President. While
John is talking to your class, you’re listening very attentively. What important part of John’s
speech you must remember and take down notes
a. his platform of government
b. his pitch
c. his good voice
d. the way he raise his voice
5. Critically evaluating content on the Web is important because
a. Web authors are always less professional.
b. Web authors are always biased.
c. anyone can publish on the Web. There’s no guarantee that what you’re reading is
objective and has gone through standard fact-checking and editorial reviews.
d. printed information is always more accurate than information found on the Web.

6. You want to know the copyright and date stamp of the website you are using,
which part of website should you look at?
A. header C. sidebar
B. footer D. main menu
7-9. Robots are being used in sumo wrestling contests. Sumo wrestling is a sport that started
in Japan. It takes place in a ring. Two players try to score points by holding each other down
or pushing each other out of the ring. Robot sumo uses robots instead of humans. The robot
that scores the most points wins

43
 7. What is the main idea of this paragraph?
A. Sumo wrestling is a sport that started in Japan.
B. Sumo wrestling takes place in a ring.
C. The robot that scores the most points wins.
D. Robots are being used in sumo wrestling contests.

8. Which term best describes the main idea of a piece of writing?

a. A detail b. A central point c. A broad topic d. An aspect

9. Which term best describes the supporting details of a piece of writing?

a. Structure b. Substance c. Majority d. Descriptive
10.All are solutions on forest denudation “except” one.
a. Reuse and recycle b. Do community forestry
c. Promote greenhouse effect d. Attend educative campaign for planting

TED Recommends
Manila
10. b 5. d Binondo,
Answer may vary
9. c 4. b atum Est talks
8. b 3. c Consumm Series, TED-Ed videos, TEDx
7. c 2. d Manila Recommends, Playlists, TED
6. a 1. c Roque
Harry TED Talks, TED
Pre-assessment Roa Duterte Yes
Rodrigo participate, about, sign in
What I can do
d watch, discover, attend,
may vary b What’s more
Answer a main menu
interest c
for cultural e
footer
Listening What’s new sidebar
What I csn do website content
Nipa house Module 2
the house
header
he blew What’s New
Locsin
Teodoro Module 3
What’s more

Module 1

44
 45
Post-
assessment
d
d
c
a
c
b
b
d
c
a
Module 7
What’s New What’s more What I have learned What I can do
a 1. a 1. paths 6. chart 1. face mask
b 2. c 2. linear 7. line 2. face shield
c 3. a 3. non-linear 8. flow-chart 3. social distancing
d 4. b 4. novel 9. pie 4. hand hygiene
a 5. d 5. graph 10. table
Module 6
What’s in
b
c
d Module 5
c
c Module 4
What’s New
What’s New
b 1.A
b
Atlas
2. D
a Thesaur
c
What’s more
us
d B
Encyclo
What’s More B
d pedia
A
d Dictiona
d ry
a
d
References

Cummins, K. (2018). How to spot fake news poster (Free) — Literacy ideas in 2020
| Fake news lessons, media literacy, information literacy.
Pinterest. https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/337981147041765312/?nic_v2=1
a5YAa3Xv

Education.com. (2020, April 17). Research graphic organizer. Education.com | #1

Educational Site for Pre-K through 5. Retrieved October 4, 2020,
from https://www.education.com/worksheet/article/research-graphic-
organizer/

Enderes, Marvin M & Sia Imelda B., 2019. Reading Treasures. Marikina City:
Instructional Coverage System Publishing Inc.. pp. 143-144

Sewanhaka High School. (2020). Sewanhaka Central High School District /.

Retrieved October 4, 2020,
from https://www.sewanhakaschools.org/cms/lib/NY01001491/Centricity
/Domain/2790/Research%20Guide%20-%20grades%207%208.pdf

Tagay, Lourna V., Brutas M.Z.,Basa, M.R., 2019 Journeying through Literature
and Language with Philippine Literary Texts. Makati City: Don Bosco Press
Inc. p. 160

University of Fort Hare. (2015, December 8). LibGuides: Information literacy

guide: Types of information sources. LibGuides at University of Fort Hare.
Retrieved October 4, 2020,
from https://ufh.za.libguides.com/c.php?g=91523&p=590868

Teaching Resources. (2012). Search Engine. Retrieved from

https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/search-engine-activity-
11192243#
Computer Hope. (2015). Search Engine. Retrieved from
https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/s/searengi.htm
Infoplease. (2012). How to use search engine. Retrieved from
https://www.infoplease.com/homework-help/writing-
grammar/homework-center-finding-information-internet-using-
search-engines
Computer Hope. (2015). Data Base. Retrieved from
https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/d/database.htm
Universal Class. (2014). How to use search engine. Retrieved from
https://www.universalclass.com/articles/writing/research-
skills/how-to-use-internet-search-engines-for-research.htm
Kidzworld. (2012). Search Engine. Retrieved from
https://www.kidzworld.com/article/1900-search-engine-tutorial

46
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division Office Navotas

Learning Resource Management Section

Bagumbayan Elementary School Compound

M, Naval St., Sipac Almacen, Navotas City

Telefax: 02-8332-77-64
Email Address: navotas.city@deped.gov.ph