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Stat and fnd


identify the flogs fnsurs
thg Stnder and ot
ith prtstnce
bcafp rane boundares
Can
that the
atcavatelq
Sle frámeSthe
Vanable
not ficed haking it
fach fra me s ohtne
determ cnt
difAcultfor tht xece)ot oto
Pods andthe Doct
One frame
YGY dttecton
)oY detectlon fiaa Can be used
Hlaq
Someprstetal S mploy a Spelic
oe chanl sm foy eg ymaking t eesie
0t bit
patte s n 0t for thetbq
bit eyYOr ftenme misS elbanmpnt
to detet t}oy_Ihke
OrdyohS ec frames

ses dota wrthin q frame


estape mechanisn '- in Some
pattem
mìght tontaln Sequentes tht tesstm ble fk4
Can (orrtetly ntee pret

an PSsental pavt ot
dYe
tion
the foamiry Sutort 'a baYioUS Comm untra
Foamiry
Date.
Page

q-8Compayt and contiast

byte- stuting ond bit stutting


in byte stuhnq Sperial bgte is usd to nonk the beginning.
nd tnd of a Axone. cnd in blt stufting a Speca
bit Sequenie used to indcate the Stayt Ond tnd of a
fxame
Aoa bute and esc byte
Alag byte s a Sleal bye use) to mark
mork the
the beginnhn4

the steat and tnd of e dote Axom?. The Scope byte is


uhed in by Stuthna to seope the Alag byte er Ony
gther RSIYURc Chato ctee that mo0y appeiY in cata

flow ontto) on esoY (ontxol,i


Aoo (ontyo is uled to monagt the
the rate
tianssSior betwem G stnder and rereY. t ehsuxes
the Sendey does not oue whelm the xecejue
wikh dakea bq ern ploing Uarious technlques such as
befteringindosing-.
ea ontol is Aoused on detecting ard totting
thot mo4 o(ur during dota. transmi slon
it uses kechniques like cherks, umabity hits -anol
acknotoledq ment mtnechonisn to cletect and reoueY
Erom dato
Q-nin a bit oyented ototol Should we ist unstutf
the bctha blts qnd then drmove the flag § or

ae haue to fust moue the: Alag bits omthe


Yecel ved ota. ond then unstut ff the cotra bits.

0-n in 0a thorateY Oented protocol Should we isst


unstut the et butes Ondthen temoue the
flans OY XeüYSe the AYo(SS 2

We haue to iost heed to unstutt the eoct4 byteS


thak were 0dded dusing the yte -stuth n4 pactesL.
Cnd then Tenoue the flqs

0-1a Solve the follocoing

Generatton otCRC codecocYel on both side

Dotatiord loloali
Oiui sor loll

Appended dataooxd oloolll\ O000


Date
Page

Stnder side i
lol1
101L

xeteívex slde

10011o
loloLooJIlo

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lo1||.
DùsaY lo11
Apendecd lolooo00

Senderi
1001
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teceiver side -

Qo00
0104|1
lo11
Date.
Page

3DataeQYd o001lo

Seder side i
Date
Page

10000o

L000I
Date
Page

Hommìng distante

o16 00o, 00000

y2 00000

2. ollolol Logoo

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Do00000000o)

y2

Polund bmial

2
2

Checksum

(GuL2a), t(61354),
(126833)t

2S6/stot

2.

=61269,e EFoD
Date
Page

Stutting':

olEe+

unstutting

A
Date
Page

Checksum

IF&FEi Ond CEFAA)

Stnder side '

lolo
lool

lolollolololoO

This data is eXOr fre e

and

(tolblololo 1Q16 loll)


Sender side
|ololol)
Date
Page

"This dota is eYYOY free

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