DBMS Important Topics

(Useful for Supplementary students)

Order / Priority of preparation: Units 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 2

UNIT – I
DBMS Vs File System – View of Data / Data Abstraction
DBMS Architecture including Steps involved in Query Processing, DBMS Users / Responsibilities of DBA
Database Languages – DDL, DML, DCL, TCL
ER Diagrams - Weak entity sets, Additional features of ER Model or EER (enhanced/extended ER) – includes
Aggregation, ISA Hierarchy (Specialization, Generalization)
Design Choices – Attribute vs Entity / Relation vs entity / Ternary vs Binary

UNIT – III (Similar to your DBMS Lab)

SQL Queries – DDL, DML, DCL and TCL including Syntax and Examples of Basic SQL Queries –
Types of Constraints in SQL (Key, Check, Null etc..) – Enforcing integrity constraints – Referential Integrity
Nested Vs Correlated Nested Queries – JOINS – Aggregate Operators – String / Text operators - NULL values –
Logical operators, Set Operations – Views and Triggers
NOTE: Practice all SQL queries in Relational Algebra as well (You can expect same question to be answered in
both SQL and Relational Algebra and TRC – Especially SAILORS Database)

UNIT - IV
Functional Dependencies – Armstrong's Axioms – CLOSURE of FD (F+), Closure of Attributes, Candidate Keys
Normal Forms – 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF and 4NF (if possible, also go through Codd’s rules from google)
Lossless join Decomposition – Dependency preserving Decomposition

UNIT - V
Transaction Concept – Transaction State diagram – ACID properties
Serializability – Conflict and View Serializability – Testing for serializability – Precedence Graph
Protocols – Lock based , Time stamp, Validation, Multiple Granularity
Recovery – Log Based (Deferred and Immediate), Checkpoints (Fuzzy), ARIES technique

UNIT - VI
File Organization (Comparison of all techniques)
Indexing – Dense, Sparse, Cluster, Primary, Secondary
Hash Based Indexing, Tree base Indexing, Indexed Sequential Access Methods (ISAM)
B+ Tree (Searching, Inserting, Deleting) – Practice problem

UNIT - II
Logical database Design and Relational Model
Relational Algebra, Relational calculus (TRC Vs DRC)
Difference between TRC and DRC, Expressive power of Relational Algebra
NOTE: Go through queries using relational algebra operations and write same queries in SQL as well