SYNOPSIS

Automatic Fire Detection System

Submitted by

Abhishek Wavhal

Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering

Dhole Patil College of Engineering, Pune
Savitribai Phule Pune University
2023-2024
 ABSTRACT

With the increasing frequency and severity of fire-related incidents, there is a growing
demand for reliable and cost-effective fire detection systems. This paper introduces an
innovative approach to fire detection using Arduino microcontrollers, offering a scalable and
adaptable solution for various environments. The proposed system leverages a combination
of sensors, data processing algorithms, and user-friendly interfaces to provide real-time fire
detection and alerting capabilities.

The proposed fire detection system demonstrates cost-effectiveness, ease of installation, and
adaptability to diverse environments. By employing Arduino technology, the system
becomesuser-friendly, facilitating customization and integration with other safety systems.
 Automatic Fire Detection System

INTRODUCTION

The Arduino-based fire detection system provides a practical and accessible solution for enhancing
fire safety in residential, commercial, and industrial settings. Future developments may explore
additional sensor types, integration with smart home systems, and enhanced connectivity for real-time
monitoring and remote management. Deploying this system holds significant promise in mitigating
the impact of fires by enabling swift responses and reducing the risk of property damage and human
casualties.

Experimental validation of the system was conducted in controlled fire scenarios, demonstrating its
ability to promptly and accurately detect potential fire incidents. The results indicate a high level of
sensitivity to various fire types while minimizing false positives.

SCOPE OF PROJECT

 Cost-Effective Fire detection

 Less Cost
 Real time fire deetction.

SYSTEM SPECIFICATION

Ardiuno Uno

 Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and

software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs - light on a sensor, a finger on a button,
or a Twitter message - and turn it into an output - activating a motor, turning on an LED,
publishing something online. You can tell your board what to do by sending a set of
instructions to the microcontroller on the board. To do so you use the Arduino
programming language (based on Wiring), and the Arduino Software (IDE), based on
Processing.

IC: Microchip ATmega328P (8-bit AVR core)

Clock Speed: 16 MHz on Uno board, though IC is capable of 20 MHz maximum at 5 Volts.

Flash Memory: 32 KB, of which 0.5 KB used by the bootloader.

SRAM: 2 KB.

EEPROM: 1 KB.
Flame Sensor:
A flame sensor is a crucial component in fire detection systems and is designed to detect the
presence of a flame or fire. Below are typical specifications and features you might find in a
flame sensor:

a. Detection Range:
i. Sensitivity Range: Specifies the range within which the sensor can effectively
detect flames. It is usually measured in terms of distance or angle.
b. Response Time:
i. Specifies the time it takes for the sensor to respond and provide an output
signal once a flame is detected. Faster response times are generally preferred
for quick detection.
c. Output Type:
i. Analog/Digital Output: Flame sensors may provide analog or digital output
signals, depending on the application and system requirements.
d. Operating Voltage:
i. Specifies the voltage range required for the proper operation of the flame
sensor. Common voltage ranges include 3.3V and 5V.

Buzzer-:
A buzzer or beeper is an audio signaling device, which may be mechanical, electromechanical, or
piezoelectric (piezo for short). Typical uses of buzzers and beepers include alarm devices, timers,
train and confirmation of user input such as a mouse click or keystroke.
The piezo, also known as the buzzer, is a component that is used for generating sound. It is a digital
component that can be connected to digital outputs, and emits a tone when the output is HIGH.
Alternatively, it can be connected to an analog pulse-width modulation output to generate various
tones and effects.
 SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT

PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS

HARDWARE REQUIREMENT

 Ardiuno uno
 MQ-135
 Buzzer
 Breadboard
 LED’s

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT

 ARDUINO IDE(PROGRAMMING)
 PROTEUS(SIMULATION)

SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM

Flame Sensor

Buzzer

Ardiuno Uno

Power Supply

Fig.1. Block Diagram of system

  The Flame Sensor and Temperature Sensor continuously monitor their respective
parameters.
 The Arduino constantly evaluates the sensor inputs, looking for patterns or conditions
indicative of a fire.
 If the algorithm determines that a fire is likely, the Arduino triggers the
Visual/Auditory Alarm for immediate response.
This fire detection system provides an automated way to identify potential fire hazards,
enhancing safety by enabling quick and efficient response measures. The combination of the
flame sensor and temperature sensor improves the system's reliability and reduces the
likelihood of false alarms. The Arduino board serves as the intelligent controller, processing
data and making decisions based on programmed logic. The Visual/Auditory Alarm ensures
that users are promptly alerted in case of a fire emergency.

References

Vishal Pande et.al [1] has proposed a framework for autonomous fire detection to design a controller
to control fire in industry which can run on an embedded system platform.

Monika Jain [2] presented a device to detect Fire in case of any violation. This frame of reference
intends to design a system aimed at early detection and alerts fire patterns which is related to Industry.

Ni Hlaing et.al [3] designed a system that detects the fire in industry apartment. If the fire exceeds the
limit, the information will be sent to PC (Personal Computer) which starts the gsm which call the
owner.

Amarnarayan et.al [4] developed fire estimation system that alerts house owner about fire conditions,
robust and reliable and helps to fire incidence is an important problem that has attracted lots of
attention recently.