Unit 4

Introduction to Cloud and IoT Concepts

Cloud Computing is the delivery of computing services such as servers, storage, databases,
networking, software, analytics, intelligence, and more, over the Cloud (Internet).

Advantages of cloud computing:

o Cost: It reduces the huge capital costs of buying hardware and software.
o Speed: Resources can be accessed in minutes, typically within a few clicks.
o Scalability: We can increase or decrease the requirement of resources according to the
business requirements.
o Productivity: While using cloud computing, we put less operational effort. We do not
need to apply patching, as well as no need to maintain hardware and software. So, in this
way, the IT team can be more productive and focus on achieving business goals.
o Reliability: Backup and recovery of data are less expensive and very fast for business
continuity.
o Security: Many cloud vendors offer a broad set of policies, technologies, and controls
that strengthen our data security.
Cloud Service Models

1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

IaaS is also known as Hardware as a Service (HaaS). It is a computing infrastructure managed

over the internet. The main advantage of using IaaS is that it helps users to avoid the cost and
complexity of purchasing and managing the physical servers.

Example: DigitalOcean, Linode, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google
Compute Engine (GCE), Rackspace.

2. Platform as a Service (PaaS)

PaaS cloud computing platform is created for the programmer to develop, test, run, and manage
the applications.

Example: AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Windows Azure, Google App Engine, and OpenShift.

3. Software as a Service (SaaS)

SaaS is also known as "on-demand software". It is a software in which the applications are
hosted by a cloud service provider. Users can access these applications with the help of internet
connection and web browser.

Example: BigCommerce, Google Apps, Salesforce, Dropbox, Cisco WebEx.

Cloud Services:

1. Google Drive

Google Drive is a cloud-based storage solution that allows you to save files online and access
them anywhere from any smartphone, tablet, or computer.

2. Google Docs

Google Docs is an online word processor that lets you create and format documents and work
with other people.

3. Google Colab

Colaboratory, or "Colab" allows to write and execute Python in the browser.

 IoT Concepts

The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a system of interrelated, internet-connected objects that are
able to collect and transfer data over a wireless network without human intervention.

IoT Components:

IoT Components are

1. Sensors/Devices
2. Connectivity
3. Data Processing
4. User Interface

1) Sensors/Devices
Sensors or devices collect data from their environment. This data could be as simple as a
temperature reading or as complex as a full video feed.
For example, your phone is a device that has multiple sensors (camera, accelerometer, GPS, etc),
2) Connectivity
The collected data is sent to the cloud.
The sensors/devices can be connected to the cloud through a variety of methods including:
cellular, satellite, WiFi, Bluetooth, low-power wide-area networks (LPWAN), connecting via a
gateway/router or connecting directly to the internet via Ethernet.

3) Data Processing
Once the data gets to the cloud, software performs some kind of processing on it.
This could be very simple, such as checking that the temperature reading is within an acceptable
range.

4) User Interface
The information is made useful to the end-user. This could be through an alert to the user (email,
text, notification, etc). For example, a text alert when the temperature is too high in the
company’s cold storage.