GROWTH OF PERFORMANCE OF RADISH(Raphanus sativus.

) WITH
DIFFERENT TREATMENT OF SOIL AMMENDMENTS

A Research

Presented to

Richie D. Miguel, MSc

Davao del Sur State College

In Partial Fulfillment

Of the Requirements for the Subject

SS 602- Principles of Soil Fertility

Cheryl V. Begayo

December 2023

Soil Science
Days of Germination

Table 1. Days to Germination of radish treated with different organic fertilizers

Average
T1-Animal manure 4.4
T2-Vermi compost 4.4
T3-Compost 5
T4-Green manure 6
T5-Control 6.2
T6-Inorganic(Urea) 4.6

The recorded germination times for different treatments were as follows: animal
manure and vermicompost both exhibited the quickest germination, each with an
average of 4.4 days. Inorganic (urea) fertilization closely followed with a germination
period of 4.6 days. Compost demonstrated a slightly longer average germination time of
5 days, while green manure and the control group both required 6 days for
germination, with the control group showing a slightly prolonged period of 6.2 days.
These findings suggest that organic amendments, specifically animal manure and
vermicompost, can effectively promote rapid radish seed germination, comparable to
the efficiency achieved with inorganic (urea) fertilization. The minimal variations in
germination times highlight the potential effectiveness of both organic and inorganic
soil amendments in facilitating prompt germination, offering valuable insights for
optimizing radish cultivation practices.

Table 2. Plant Height maturity of radish treated with different organic fertilizers
Average
T1-Animal manure 28
T2-Vermi compost 22.5
T3-Compost 22.2
T4-Green manure 20.2
T5-Control 18.6
T6-Inorganic(Urea) 11.6

The results revealed significant differences in plant height across treatments. Animal
manure-treated radishes had the highest average height of 28 cm, indicating that this
organic fertilizer has a positive effect on plant growth. Another organic option,
vermicompost, produced a slightly lower average height of 22.5 demonstrating its
effectiveness. Compost and green manure treatments produced average heights of 22.2
cm and 20.2 cm, respectively, indicating comparable performance in radish growth
enhancement. The control group, which received no additional fertilizers, produced an
average height of 18.6 cm, emphasizing the importance of supplemental nutrients for
optimal plant development. Notably, inorganic fertilizer in the form of urea resulted in
the lowest average height of 11.6 cm, highlighting the limitations of purely chemical
inputs in supporting plant growth.

Table 3. Number of Leaves of radish treated with different organic fertilizers

Average

T1-Animal manure 11.6

T2-Vermi compost 10.6

T3-Compost 9.8

T4-Green manure 10.4

T5-Control 9

T6-Inorganic(Urea) 6.6

The outcomes showed that the various fertilizer treatments had differing effects on
plant development. Animal manure-treated radish plants had the highest average
number of leaves (11.6), indicating that the development of leaves was positively
influenced by this organic fertilizer. Positive outcomes were also demonstrated by
vermicompost and green manure, which had average leaf counts of 10.6 and 10.4,
respectively. The plants that were treated with compost showed an average of 9.8
leaves, which was somewhat less than the 9.8 leaves of the control group, which did
not get any additional fertilizer. However, the inorganic fertilizer urea produced the
lowest average number of leaves (6.6), suggesting that it may have a suppressive
effect on the growth of radish leaves. These results highlight the significance of
choosing the right nutrients for the best possible plant development, with organic
choices such as vermicompost and animal manure showing promise.
Table 4.Days to Harvest of radish treated with different organic fertilizers
Days
T1-Animal manure 40
T2-Vermi compost 40
T3-Compost 40
T4-Green manure 40
T5-Control 40
T6-Inorganic(Urea) 40

Surprisingly, the investigation into the average days to harvest of radishes under
different soil amendment conditions revealed consistency in maturation time across all
treatments. The addition of various soil amendments, such as animal manure,
vermicompost, compost, green manure, a control group, and inorganic (urea)
fertilization, resulted in no significant differences in harvest days. Surprisingly, all
treatments, including those with organic amendments like animal manure,
vermicompost, and compost, as well as the control group and the inorganic (urea)
fertilization, had the same average time to harvest maturity of 40 days.

Table 5.Plant Yield Length of Tubers (cm) of radish treated with different organic
fertilizers
Average

T1-Animal manure 20.6

T2-Vermi compost 19.2

T3-Compost 18.8

T4-Green manure 17.6

T5-Control 17

T6-Inorganic 15.4

The findings revealed distinct differences in plant growth across treatments. The
group treated with animal manure had the highest average plant yield, with a notable
value of 20.6. The vermicompost-treated group came in second, with a mean yield of
19.2. The compost-treated group had an average plant yield of 18.8, while the green
manure-treated group had a slightly lower yield of 17.6. The control group, which did
not receive any additional fertilization, had an average plant yield of 17, indicating
baseline growth without external inputs. The inorganic fertilizer treatment with urea, on
the other hand, resulted in the lowest average plant yield of the groups, with a value of
15.4. These findings indicate that organic fertilizers, specifically animal manure and
vermicompost, influenced radish yield positively.
APPENDICES

APPENDIX
Table 1. Days to Germination of radish treated with different organic fertilizers

P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
T1-Animal
manure
4 4 5 5 4
T2-Vermi
compost
4 4 4 5 5
T3-Compost
4 5 5 5 6
T4-Green manure
5 5 6 7 7
T5-Control
6 7 7 8 8
T6-Inorganic
Fertilizer
4 4 5 5 5

Figure 1. Days to Germination of radish treated with different organic fertilizers

Table 2. Plant Height at maturity of radish treated with different organic fertilizers

P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
T1-Animal manure 25 32 29 29 25
 T2-Vermi compost 26 22 18 24 22
T3-Compost 20 22 25 22 22

T4-Green manure 19 12 19 25 26
T5-Control 21 16 17 19 18
T6-Inorganic 9 12 13 11 13
Fertilizer

T1-Animal manure T2-Vermicompost T3-Compost

T4-Green manure T5-Control T6-Inorganic

Figure 2. Plant Height at maturity of radish treated with different organic fertilizers

Table 3. Number of leaves at maturity of radish treated with different organic fertilizers

P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
T1-Animal manure 12 11 11 14 10
 T2-Vermi compost 10 10 13 8 12
T3-Compost 12 11 12 14 13
T4-Green manure 12 11 9 9 11
T5-Control 11 7 10 7 10
T6-Inorganic 7 8 5 6 7
Fertilizer

Table 4.Days to Harvest of radish treated with different organic fertilizers

Figure 4. Number of leaves at maturity of radish treated with different organic fertilizers

Table.5 Plant Yield Length of Tubers(December 18,2023)

P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
T1-Animal manure 18cm 19cm 20cm 24cm 22cm
 T2-Vermi compost 21cm 19cm 15cm 20cm 21cm
T3-Compost 16cm 21cm 16cm 21cm 20cm
T4-Green manure 23cm 18cm 17cm 14cm 16cm
T5-Control 17cm 19cm 16cm 15cm 18cm
T6-Inorganic 14cm 15cm 16cm 15cm 17cm

Table 6.Plant Yield of radish treated with different organic fertilizers

Kg/ha
T1-Animal manure 3 kilo
T2-Vermi compost 2 kilo

T3-Compost 2 kilo
T4-Green manure 1 kilo
T5-Control 1 kilo
T6-Inorganic Fertilizer 1 kilo

T1 T2 T3

T4 T5 T6

Figure 6. Plant Yield of radish treated with different organic fertilizers