Prevalence of Inherited Disorders

 Risk of disease due to family history- may be a carrier or inherit the disease.
 Genetic counselling and risk prevention.
 Human variation- gene pool and evolution through natural selection.
 Genetic polymorphism- 2 or more variants of an allele.
 Allele frequency different in different regions such ABO blood group and HLA complex.
 Polymorphism may be present in coding regions or non-coding regions of the DNA sequence.
 SNPs.
 RFLPs- use in genetic screening of sickle cell disease.
 Restriction enzymes such as ECOR1.
 Uses- genetic fingerprinting. DNA length.
 Meiotic recombination.
 Family pedigree chart needed for localisation of genes causing familial disease using linkage
analysis.
 The Human Genome Project.
 100k Project.
 Cancer gene mutations.
 Conditions for Hardy Weinberg- e.g. no migration, mutations and mating being random.
 Founder effect, genetic drigt etc.
 Sickle cell trait offering resistance against malaria.
 Equation of hardy Weinberg etc.