Dance
________, an artistic COMBINATION of
BODY MOVEMENTS, with or without
script or score, is rich with symbolism and
significance.
- It will REMOVE the OBSTACLE
between ethnicity, social status,
religion, and language as standard
communication mode.
- should be a symbol for all,
regardless of religion, race, color,
who we are, and where we come
from.
self-expression
Dance is a natural form of_________: the
body expresses itself naturally, and so,
therefore does the spirit.
Through dance, our body expresses how
free we are while also highlighting our
minds' restrictions on it. Similarly, social
dance ought to be enjoyable and allow for
some freedom of expression.
Social Dance
_________ is a type of a
RECREATIONAL DANCING frequently
done with a partner and in a group or as a
community activity for pleasure and
enjoyment.
- It can derive from or be an activity
within many different genres.
- It may be a standard and latin
dance, or even salsa or rock n
roll, or any contemporary dance
performed for public enjoyment or
an exhibition with numerous
physical, mental and social health
benefits. It may also have
ceremonial, competitive, and erotic
functions. Generally, it is a non
competitive version of ballroom
and latin dancing.
Social Dancing can be lots of great fun
exercise as well. Knowledge and
appropriate couple dance positions, terms,
and steps, are essential because it allows
the dancer's freedom to move, and steps
can be improvised or put together in
random sequences. It also allows you to
lead and follow gracefully while looking
excellent. Fundamental in all these are
good body carriage; the body must always
be naturally erect and graceful.
BASIC OF SOCIAL DANCING:
Basic
It is a STANDARDIZED group of STEPS,
which together with other patterns,
constitute the foundation of a dance.
Frame
______ refers to the POSTION of the
arms and torso while in dance positions.
awareness
One of the most important elements of
social dancing is the ________ between
you and your partner.
- If your center is not aligned in the
middle of your body, you will distort
all of your blocks of weight.
To find the center or the core of your
body;
imagine a straight line running from front
to back and another line from side to side
through your body. Where the two lines
intersect is your center or core. It's not on
the exterior of your body, rather, it's found
in the interior of the body.
The objective when dancing is to keep
your center or core aligned in the center of
your body.
Body Alignment
________ refers to FOUR BLOCKS of
weight, the head, the torso, the hips,
and the legs.
- Your head should be sitting directly
over your shoulders and ribs,
which are situated directly over
your hips and legs. Use your
partner or mirror to check your
alignment and make adjustments
accordingly.
FIVE FEET POSITIONS
Dance Positions:
1. Closed Positions
2. Promenade Position
3. Open Position
4. Apart Position
5. Right and Left Side Position
Closed Positions
_________ is the NORMAL HOLD where
man and lady stand facing each other with
the arms lifted together in frames.
Promenade Position
___________ is a V-SHAPED dance
position where both the man and lady
move forward in the same direction.
Open Position
___________ refers to any dance position
where the man and lady STAND APART
or slightly apart, with one or two hands in
contact.
Apart Position
__________ is when a man and lady have
NO BODY CONTACT.
Right and Left Side Position
__________ is an OPEN POSITION
where the lady is to the right or the left of
the gentlemen.
ABBREVIATION AND DANCE
NOTATIONS IN DANCE LITERATURE:
CW - clockwise
CCW - counterclockwise
LOD - line of direction, counterclockwise
on the dancing area
RLOD - reverse line of direction,
clockwise on the dancing area
L - left foot, left arm or hand, left shoulder,
left side of direction
R - right foot, right arm or hand, right
shoulder, right side of direction
G- girl, girls, girl's, girls
B - boy, boys, boy's, boys
M - measure (of music)
ct/cts - count or counts
ft - foot or feet
fwd - forward
swd - sideward
Ballroom dancing
bwd - backward __________ is a PARTNERSHIP dance
where couples, using step-patterns, move
upwd - upward rhythmically, expressing the
characteristics of music.
dnwd - downward

twd - toward Ballroom dancing consists of two

styles:
opp - opposite 1. The Smooth or Standard
2. The Rhythm or Latin
hd - hand or hands
Smooth, Standard style
pos - position The __________ focuses on the
ELEGANCE, grace and FLUIDITY of
ptr - partner movement.

cpl - couple or couples - Dancers rotate in a counter-

clockwise direction, moving
ctr - center around the entire floor.

wt - weight - The couple is constantly moving

on the dance floor, transitioning
diag - diagonally from one place to the next in a
fixed pattern.
Fig - figure
- The Foxtrot, Waltz, Tango,
Viennese Waltz and Quickstep are
danced in this manner.

Rhythm, Latin style

The ____________ focuses on a display
of VIBRANT ENERGY and a personal
flair.

- The couple's dancing pattern is

syncopated to the rhythm of the
music.

- The couple usually dances in one

spot of the dance floor.

- Included in this style are the East

Coast Swing, Jive, Rumba, Bolero,
Cha-cha, Mambo, Samba and
Paso Doble.
Steps
All dance figures are series of ______,
with each step representing a CHANGE
OF WEIGHT.
- All directions are given with
reference to the supporting foot
and steps may be forward,
backward, to the side, diagonally
forward or diagonally backward.
Turns
The DEGREE of ______ IS often
MODIFIED during a dance, depending on
the position of other couples in the dance
floor, or the amount of progression
desired, and on line of dance.
Steps in Ballroom Dancing
1. Arch turn
2. Loop turn
3. Solo turn
Arch Turn
A FULL-TURN L for the MAN and full-turn
R for the woman, either individually or
together.
- It is made through an ARCH
FORMED by the woman's R arm
and the man's L arm.
Loop Turn
A FULL-TURN L for the WOMAN or a full-
turn R for the man.
Solo Turn
A full-turn made WITHOUT CONTACT
with the partner.
Line of dance or line of direction
______________, is an IMAGINARY LINE
running COUNTER-CLOCWISE around
OUTSIDE of the dance floor.
progressive or moving dances
For the _____________ as the waltz, fox-
trot, polka, and tango, it is CUSTOMARY
always to FOLLOW LINE of dance.
spot dances
In ___________, as the Lindy and Cha-
cha, it is customary to "STAKE-OUT" a
small area on the dance floor where
partners remain throughout the dance
number.
Waltz
The _______ is an attractive and graceful
¾ time dance distinguished by the
RISING AND FALLING action of the FEET
AND TORSO.
- is one of the most popular social
dances of all time.
- "Mother of Present-Day Dances"
- "backbone dance" of the ballroom
dancing arena
- the basis for many dances.
- A truly romantic dance, it is
comprised of soft, round, flowing
movements.
earlier folk and peasant dances
According to most dance historians, waltz
developed from _________ and
__________.
Germany
The roots of the refined and elegant
WALTZ were implanted firmly in the not-
so-refined round dances POPULAR in
__________ from the 15 to the 18th
centuries.
wooing dances
The popular round dances also called
"__________" included frenzied versions
as the "Landler", "Weller", "Spinner" and
"Waltzer"
Austrian courts
Waltz was INTRODUCED to _________
as early as 17 century, was considered
VULGAR by those who were accustomed
to the dignity and control of the Minuet
By the late 18th and early 19th century,
waltz gained acceptability and the forward
and backward leap (which was part of the
early waltz) were modified into smoother,
smaller and more graceful looking steps.
A gliding motion was introduced which
eliminated the jumps, leaps and kicks.
¾ time
Waltz Timing:
The waltz is performed in_______, which
means that the beat is 1-2-3-1-2-3. It is
typically SLUGGISH, with the
DOWNBEAT on the 1.
- Dancers must be able to hear and
count the beat.
Basic Steps in Waltz:
1. Basic Box Step in Waltz
2. Right Box Turns in Waltz
3. Forward Progressive Step
4. Backward Progressive Step
5. Hesitation waltz pattern
6. Balance side hesitation
7. Hesitation right turn
Basic Box Step in Waltz
- This is composed of 6 steps in 6
beats (2 measures) of music.
- This step forms a box or square
configuration on the floor.
left box step consist of two parts:
1. Forward waltz step
2. Backward waltz step
Right Box Turns in Waltz
The REVERSE of the left box, figure still
makes a square configuration and each
forward or backward step is followed with
a chasse and partner turn gradually to the
R.
- Partners glance over their own R
shoulders before they take a step.
Forward Progressive Step
It REPEATS THE PATTERN of the first
half of the basic left box step.
- The partners progress around the
dance floor by continuing to do the
"Forward Waltz Step".
- To progress in a smooth counter-
clockwise direction, partners make
dual L turns.
Backward Progressive Step
It REVERSES the direction of the
FORWARD PROGRESSIVE steps.
- On step I and 4 (beat 1 and 4), the
man steps back and the woman
steps forward. Each back step
taken by the man and each
forward step taken by the woman,
is followed with a chasse (side
step and close).
- Partners turn gradually to their R
by making dual R turns clockwise.
Hesitation Waltz Pattern
The hesitation balance steps in waltz,
maybe taken forward, backward or
either side.
- What makes it unique is that, after
partners take a step on the first
beat count, weight remains
balanced on the same foot for the
next two beat counts.
Balance Side Hesitation
Partners move from SIDE TO SIDE,
instead of forward and backward.
- The same basic movement step is
followed, (step, brush close, and
hold).
 - In the first half of pattern, "Left
Side Hesitation", the man keeps
his weight balance on the L foot,
and the woman keeps her weight
balance on the R foot.
Hesitation Right Turn
The forward hesitation with right turn
combines the first half of the pattern for
the Forward hesitation with the last half of
the pattern for R box turn.
RUMBA
The ________, a dance imported from
CUBA to the UNITED STATES in the late
1920’s combined African and Caribbean
rhythms which is an "EXPRESSIVE
PANTOMIME" danced by the natives
under the hypnotic spell of elemental
music.
Box Step
The basic step in Rumba is the _______.
chasse
Unlike the Waltz (begins with a backward
step), the Rumba begins with a ________
(side step followed with a closed step), but
concludes with a forward or backward
step.
Rumba Box
_________ contains 6 steps, completed
within 8 beats (2 measures) of music.
- In "dance time” the Rumba is
counted, quick, quick, slow.
- Each side or close step takes one
beat of the music and each
forward or backward step, takes
two beats of music.
Body Motion of Rumba:
1. Effortless floating created by the
body motion which is concentrated
on the hips.
2. Moves the hips horizontally while
keeping the upper torso relaxed,
but motionless.
3. Hip sway to the Cuban motion
(pronounced flexing of the knees).
Forward Progressive Rumba Step
It combines a combination of walk steps in
which the man moves forward, as the
woman moves backward.
- They may progress in a straight
line as well as to their right or left
on each forward or backward step.
Fifth Position Breaks
1. Closed position with small steps
and slight turns of the body.
2. Promenade or Conversation
Position if larger steps are taken
during the turn.
3. An open Conversation dance
position if partners take larger
steps while turning further away
from each other.
Right Underarm Turn
It adds EXCITEMENT to the basic
RUMBA pattern.
Tango
_______, a SENSUAL BALLROOM
dance that began in Buenos Aires,
Argentina, in the early twentieth century is
one of the most interesting dances.
- It is typically done by a man and a
woman, expressing romance
through their synchronized
movements.
- Its music has become one of the
BEST of all MUSIC GENRES
globally, and early tango forms
substantially affected how we
dance today.
 - This was first introduced to the
New World by SPANISH
SETTLERS.
2/4 time
Tango is dance in _______ signature.
WAYS TO COUNT TANGO:
1. We can count the beats through
eight beats, the slows, the quicks
2. spell the word T-A-N-G-O.If your
words using slow (S) and quicks
(O), remember, a slow is equal to
two beats and a quick is equal to
one beat.
wind instruments and percussion
The initial tango music aspect was the
absence of _______ and _________.
Tango music can be performed by:
1. guitar quartet
2. guitar duo
3. bandoneon (important instrument)
4. bandoneon trio
5. piano
6. bass.
Tangos are also played on the:
1. flute
2. violin
3. cello
4. viola
16 or 32
Tango is performed to a rhythmic style of
music with either _____ or ____ beats per
minute.
True
True or False:
Tango dancers must attempt to
established a deep connection with both
the music and their audience to be
successful.
DANCE STEPS OF TANGO:
1. Two walks - LF Walk & RF Walk - SS
2. Progressive Side Step - QQS
3. Natural Rock Turn - SQQS QQS
4. Progressive Link - Q0
5. Open promenade - SQQS
6. Two Walks - LF Walk & RF Walk to PP
- SS
7. Closed Promenade - SQQS
8. Back Corte - SQQS
9. Two Walks - SS
10. Basic Reverse Turn - QQS QQS
Legend: S - slow, Q - quick, LF - left foot,
RF - right foot,
Cha-cha
The _________ is an exciting latin dance
best known for it's lively and PLAYFULLY
CHEEKY character, syncopated footwork,
and quick rotating Cuban motion.
Cuba
In ________ in the late 1940's, you'd find
people dancing the Rumba and the
Mambo in clubs and in streets.
Triple Mambo, Cha-cha-cha
One figure in the Mambo was called the
________, and by 1954 this figure had
developed into a new dance, known as
the ___________.
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE:
The Cha-cha of today is slightly modified
version of this dance with three
syncopated steps and rock step.
Cha-cha-cha
___________ is danced to authentic
Cuban music, although in ballroom
competition it is often danced to latin pop
or latin rock.

complex polyrhythms
The music for the international ballroom
cha-cha-cha is energetic and with a
steady beat. The music may involved
___________.

street version
A "__________" comes about because
many social dancers count "one, two, cha-
cha-cha" and thus shift the timing of the
dance by a full beat of music.

Salsa
The dance known as ______ is the result
of a similar timing shift of Mambo.

Dance Steps of Salsa

1. Open Basic - 2,3,4&1/2,3,4,&1
2. Shoulder to Shoulder - 2,3,4&1 /2,3,4&1
3. Underarm Turn turning to L - 2,3,4&1
4. Fan - 2,3,4&1
5. Alemana - 2,3,4&1/2,3,4&1
6. New York to R - 2,3,4&1
7. New York to L - 2,3,4&1
8. Spot Turn to R - 2,3,4&1
9. Spot Turn to L - 2,3,4&1
10. Hand to Hand to L - 2,3,4&1
11. Hand to Hand to R - 2,3,4&1
12. ½ Closed Basic Movement - 2,3,4&1
13. Underarm Turn Turning to R - 2,3,4&1